Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayani kan Samfurin
- 1.1 Bayani Gaba ɗaya
- 1.2 Fasaloli
- 1.3 Aikace-aikace
- 2. Sigogin Fasaha
- 2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani (a Ts=25°C, IF=350mA)
- 2.2 Matsayin Matsakaici na Ƙarfafawa (a Ts=25°C)
- 3. Tsarin Rarrabuwa
- 3.1 Kwaso na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba
- 3.2 Kwaso na Hasken Haske
- 3.3 Kwaso na Tsawon Raƙuman Haske mai Girma
- 4. Zane-zane na Aiki
- 4.1 Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da Gudanarwa na Gaba
- 4.2 Gudanarwa na Gaba da Ƙarfin Haske na Dangi
- 4.3 Zazzabi da Ƙarfin Haske na Dangi
- 4.4 Matsakaicin Gudanarwa na Gaba da Ts
- 4.5 Rarraba Bakan Haske
- 4.6 Tsarin Rarraba Haske
- 5. Bayani kan Girma da Kunshin
- 5.1 Girman Kunshin
- 5.2 Tsarin Dinki
- 5.3 Tef ɗin Kai da Reel
- 5.4 Bayani kan Lakabi
- 5.5 Kunshin da Yake Hana Danshi
- 6. Jagororin Dinki da Haɗuwa
- 6.1 Bayanin Dinki na Reflow
- 6.2 Dinki ta Hannu
- 6.3 Gargadi
- 7. Bayani kan Kunshin da Oda
- 8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace
- 8.1 Zane na Zafi
- 8.2 Gyaran Gudanarwa
- 8.3 Dacewa da Muhalli
- 8.4 Fitowar Wutar Lantarki
- 9. Kwatancen Fasaha
- 10. Tambayoyi akai-akai
- 11. Misali: Haskakawa don Girman Tsirrai
- 12. Ka'idar Aiki
- 13. Hanyoyin Ci Gaba
- Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
- Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
- Ma'auni na Lantarki
- Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
- Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
- Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
- Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
1. Bayani kan Samfurin
Wannan LED ɗin da aka ƙera da farantin yumbu yana amfani da fasahar InGaN a kan tushe, yana ba da haske shuɗi mai ƙarfi a cikin ƙaramin girma 3.45mm x 3.45mm x 2.20mm. An ƙera shi don haskakawa gaba ɗaya da aikace-aikace na musamman waɗanda ke buƙatar aiki amintacce da kusurwar gani mai faɗi.
1.1 Bayani Gaba ɗaya
LED ɗin an gina shi ne a kan kayan InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) na semiconductor wanda aka shuka a kan tushe, yana fitar da haske shuɗi. Kunshin yana da farantin yumbu da rufin silicone, yana ba da kyakkyawan sarrafa zafin jiki da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci.
1.2 Fasaloli
- Kunshin yumbu don bazuwar zafi mafi kyau
- Kusurwar gani mai faɗi sosai (120°)
- Ya dace da duk matakan haɗuwa da SMT da dinki na reflow
- Ana samunsa a kan tef da reel (1000pcs/reel)
- Matsayin hankali ga danshi: Mataki na 1 (MSL1)
- Ya dace da RoHS
1.3 Aikace-aikace
- Fitillun launuka na ado da tsiri na fitulu
- Haskakawa ga tsirrai (photosynthesis)
- Haskakawa na shimfidar wuri da gine-gine
- Haskakawa na hoto na mataki
- Otela, shaguna, ofisoshi, da haskakawa cikin gida na zama
- Haskakawa na gaba ɗaya
2. Sigogin Fasaha
2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani (a Ts=25°C, IF=350mA)
| Siga | Alama | Min. | Typ. | Max. | Naúrar | Yanayin Gwaji |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba | VF | 2.6 | - | 3.4 | V | IF=350mA |
| Hasken Haske | IV | 20 | - | 40 | lm | IF=350mA |
| Jimlar Hasken Radiyan | Φe | 500 | - | 850 | mW | IF=350mA |
| Tsawon Raƙuman Haske mai Girma | λD | 445 | - | 460 | nm | IF=350mA |
| Gudanarwa na Baya | IR | - | - | 10 | µA | VR=5V |
| Kusurwar Gani | 2θ1/2 | - | 120 | - | deg | IF=350mA |
2.2 Matsayin Matsakaici na Ƙarfafawa (a Ts=25°C)
| Siga | Alama | Ƙima | Naúrar |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rushewar Ƙarfi | PD | 5100 | mW |
| Gudanarwa na Gaba | IF | 1500 | mA |
| Gudanarwa na Gaba mai Kololuwa (1/10 aiki, 0.1ms) | IFP | 1650 | mA |
| Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya | VR | 5 | V |
| Fitowar Wutar Lantarki (HBM) | ESD | 2000 | V |
| Zazzabin Aiki | TOPR | -40 ~ +85 | °C |
| Zazzabin Ajiya | TSTG | -40 ~ +85 | °C |
| Zazzabin Haɗin Gwiwa | TJ | 125 | °C |
Lura: Hakurin ma'aunin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba shine ±0.1V. Hakurin tsawon raƙuman haske mai girma ±1nm. Hakurin ƙarfin haske ±10%.
3. Tsarin Rarrabuwa
Ana rarraba LEDs cikin kwaso don ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, haske, da tsawon raƙuman haske mai girma a IF=350mA don tabbatar da daidaito a aikace-aikace.
3.1 Kwaso na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba
| Lambar Kwas | Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Lantarki (V) |
|---|---|
| F0 | 2.6 - 2.8 |
| G0 | 2.8 - 3.0 |
| H0 | 3.0 - 3.2 |
| I0 | 3.2 - 3.4 |
3.2 Kwaso na Hasken Haske
| Lambar Kwas | Matsakaicin Haske (lm) |
|---|---|
| FA1 | 20 - 25 |
| FA2 | 25 - 30 |
| FA3 | 30 - 35 |
| FA4 | 35 - 40 |
3.3 Kwaso na Tsawon Raƙuman Haske mai Girma
| Lambar Kwas | Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Haske (nm) |
|---|---|
| A01 | 445 - 450 |
| A00 | 450 - 455 |
| B00 | 455 - 460 |
4. Zane-zane na Aiki
4.1 Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da Gudanarwa na Gaba
Hoto na 1-6 yana nuna ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana ƙaruwa da gudanarwa na gaba. A 350mA VF na al'ada yana kusa da 3.0V. Bayan 1000mA ƙarfin lantarki ya tashi zuwa kusan 3.4V. Wannan lanƙwasa yana da mahimmanci don ƙira masu tuka gudanarwa na dindindin.
4.2 Gudanarwa na Gaba da Ƙarfin Haske na Dangi
Hoto na 1-7 yana nuna cewa ƙarfin haske na dangi yana ƙaruwa da gudanarwa na gaba, amma gangara yana raguwa a manyan gudanarwa saboda raguwar inganci. LED ɗin yana kaiwa matsakaicin ƙarfin haske na dangi kusa da 1750mA.
4.3 Zazzabi da Ƙarfin Haske na Dangi
Kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 1-8, ƙarfin haske na dangi yana raguwa yayin da zazzabin wurin dinki (Ts) ya tashi. A 115°C ƙarfin haske ya fadi zuwa kusan 60% na darajar a 25°C. Sarrafa zafin jiki mai kyau yana da mahimmanci.
4.4 Matsakaicin Gudanarwa na Gaba da Ts
Hoto na 1-9 yana ba da bayanin rage daraja: a Ts=25°C matsakaicin gudanarwa na gaba shine 1500mA, yayin da a Ts=85°C yana raguwa zuwa kusan 400mA. Koyaushe yi aiki cikin iyakar rage daraja.
4.5 Rarraba Bakan Haske
Bakan fitarwa (Hoto na 1-10) yana kaiwa kololuwa kusa da 455nm tare da FWHM na kusan 20-25nm, wanda ya zama ruwan dare ga LEDs shuɗi na InGaN. Ba a lura da kololuwa na biyu ba.
4.6 Tsarin Rarraba Haske
LED ɗin yana da tsarin rarraba haske mai kama da lambertian tare da kusurwar gani mai faɗi 120° (rabin kusurwa 60°). Ƙarfin haske na dangi yana faduwa zuwa 50% a ±60° daga gindin gani.
5. Bayani kan Girma da Kunshin
5.1 Girman Kunshin
Jikin LED ɗin shine 3.45mm × 3.45mm × 2.20mm (tsawon × faɗi × tsawo). Farantin yumbu yana ba da tushe mai ƙarfi. Hoto na sama yana nuna yanki mai murabba'i; hoto na gefe yana nuna tsawo na 2.20mm ciki har da ruwan tabarau na silicone. Hoto na ƙasa yana nuna manyan faifan dinki guda biyu don anode da cathode, da ƙaramin faifan dinki don haɗin zafi. An yiwa polarity alama da maƙala ko alamar '+' kamar yadda Hoto na 1-4 ya nuna.
5.2 Tsarin Dinki
An ba da matsayin ƙirar ƙasa na PCB da aka ba da shawarar a Hoto na 1-5. Faifan anode shine 3.40mm × 1.30mm, faifan cathode shine 3.50mm × 0.50mm, tare da rata na 0.30mm. Tabbatar da abin rufe dinki da kaurin jan ƙarfe mai dacewa don sarrafa zafin jiki.
5.3 Tef ɗin Kai da Reel
Ana ba da LEDs a cikin tef ɗin kai mai faɗi 12mm tare da ma'aunin ɗaki 4.0mm. Kowane reel yana ƙunshe 1000pcs. Tef ɗin yana da ɗakuna 50 marasa komai a sassan jagora da taya. Girman reel: diamita na waje 178±1mm, diamita na ciki 59mm, faɗi 14.0±0.5mm.
5.4 Bayani kan Lakabi
Kowane reel an yi masa lakabi da lambar sassa, lambar takaddun bayani, lambar kwas, lambar kwas (haske, tsawon raƙuman haske, ƙarfin lantarki), adadi, da lambar kwanan wata.
5.5 Kunshin da Yake Hana Danshi
Ana rufe reel ɗin a cikin jaka mai hana danshi tare da busasshen ruwa da kati mai nuna danshi. Ana saka jakar a cikin akwati na kwali don aikawa.
6. Jagororin Dinki da Haɗuwa
6.1 Bayanin Dinki na Reflow
Tsarin reflow da aka ba da shawarar yana da ƙimar hawan ≤3°C/s, preheat daga 150°C zuwa 200°C na 60-120s, sannan hawa zuwa 217°C (TL) kuma tsaya sama da TL na >60s amma<120s, kaiwa ga kololuwar zazzabi na 260°C na mafi yawan 10s. Saurin sanyaya ≤6°C/s. Jimlar lokaci daga 25°C zuwa kololuwa ≤8 mintuna.
6.2 Dinki ta Hannu
Idan ana buƙatar dinki da hannu, yi amfani da ƙarfen dinki a ≤300°C na ≤3 seconds, kuma sau ɗaya kawai a kowace haɗi.
6.3 Gargadi
Rufin silicone yana da laushi. Kada ka matsa lamba a kan ruwan tabarau yayin ɗauka-da-sanya ko bayan dinki. Ka guji karkatar da PCB bayan dinki. Kada ka sanyaya LED ɗin da sauri bayan reflow.
7. Bayani kan Kunshin da Oda
Kunshin na al'ada: 1000 guda a kowace reel. Ana saka reels da yawa a cikin jaka mai hana danshi sannan a cikin akwati na kwali. Yanayin ajiya kafin buɗewa: zazzabi ≤30°C, danshi ≤75% RH har zuwa watanni 6. Bayan buɗewa: yi amfani da shi a cikin sa'o'i 168 a ≤30°C, ≤60% RH. Idan ya wuce, gasa a 60±5°C,<5% RH na awanni 24.
Bayani na oda ya haɗa da lambar sassa da ke nuna kwas na haske da tsawon raƙuman haske. Da fatan za a tuntuɓi mai ƙira don samun takamaiman kwas.
8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace
8.1 Zane na Zafi
Ganin ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai girma, ana buƙatar ingantaccen wajan zubar da zafi don kiyaye zazzabin haɗin gwiwa a ƙasa da 125°C. Yi amfani da hanyoyin zafi da PCB mai gindin jan ƙarfe (MCPCB) don aikace-aikace masu yawan gudanarwa.
8.2 Gyaran Gudanarwa
Koyaushe yi amfani da tushen gudanarwa na dindindin. Resistors kawai ba su isa ba don jerin/ƙungiyoyi masu layi daya. Yi la'akari da bambancin kwas VF kuma yi amfani da daidaita gudanarwa mai dacewa.
8.3 Dacewa da Muhalli
Ka guji fallasa ga mahadi na sulfur (>100ppm), bromine da chlorine (>900ppm kowanne, jimla<1500ppm). Kada a yi amfani da adhesives ko kayan cikawa waɗanda ke fitar da mahadi masu canzawa (VOCs) waɗanda za su iya canza launin silicone.
8.4 Fitowar Wutar Lantarki
Waɗannan LEDs suna da hankali ga ESD (HBM 2kV). Yi amfani da wuraren aiki da aka ƙasa, matsugunan hannu na antistatic, da ionizers yayin sarrafawa.
9. Kwatancen Fasaha
Idan aka kwatanta da LEDs na PLCC na gargajiya, kunshin yumbu yana ba da ƙananan juriya na zafi, dogaro mafi girma a yanayin zafi masu yawa, da kuma juriya mafi kyau ga harin sulfur. Kusurwar gani mai faɗi 120° ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen haskakawa mai watsawa. Samuwar kwas na haske da launi da yawa yana ba da damar daidaita fitar da haske da daidaiton launi.
10. Tambayoyi akai-akai
Tambaya: Menene gudanarwa na gaba da aka ba da shawara don inganci mafi kyau?Amsa: A 350mA LED ɗin yana ba da daidaitaccen haske da inganci. Manyan gudanarwa suna ƙara fitarwa amma suna rage inganci saboda raguwa.
Tambaya: Za a iya amfani da waɗannan LEDs a layi daya?Amsa: E, amma kowane LED ya kamata ya sami nasa resistor mai iyakance gudanarwa ko kuma ya sami tushen gudanarwa na dindindin don la'akari da bambancin VF.
Tambaya: Ta yaya zan tsaftace LEDs bayan dinki?Amsa: Ana ba da shawarar barasa isopropyl. Kada a yi amfani da tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic saboda yana iya lalata LED ɗin.
Tambaya: Menene rayuwar ajiya?Amsa: Ana iya adana jakunkuna marasa buɗewa na tsawon watanni 6 a ƙarƙashin 30°C/75%RH. Bayan buɗewa, yi amfani da shi a cikin sa'o'i 168 ko gasa kafin amfani.
11. Misali: Haskakawa don Girman Tsirrai
An ƙera fitilar haskakawa na noma ta amfani da guda 100 na wannan LED shuɗi tare da LEDs ja don samar da bakan da aka inganta don photosynthesis. An saka LEDs a kan MCPCB na aluminum tare da hanyoyin zafi. Yana aiki a 350mA, fitilar ta ba da lumina 4000 na haske shuɗi tare da tsawon raƙuman haske mai girma na 450nm, wanda ya rufe yanki na girma 1m². Kunshin yumbu ya tabbatar da aiki mai kwanciyar hankali a zazzabin yanayi na 40°C. Kusurwar gani mai faɗi ta kawar da buƙatar na'urorin gani na biyu a aikace-aikacen rufaffiyar ganye.
12. Ka'idar Aiki
Wannan LED shuɗi yana dogara ne akan tsarin InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wanda aka shuka a kan tushe na sapphire ko silicon. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, electrons da holes suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photon. Ƙarfin bandgap na InGaN yana ƙayyade tsawon raƙuman haske da aka fitar, wanda ga wannan na'urar ya fadi a yankin shuɗi (445-460 nm). Kunshin yumbu yana ba da keɓewar lantarki da canja wurin zafi mai inganci daga die zuwa PCB.
13. Hanyoyin Ci Gaba
Hanya a cikin kunshin LED mai ƙarfi tana zuwa ga ƙananan girma tare da ƙarin iyawar gudanarwa. Kunshin yumbu kamar wannan yana zama na al'ada don aikace-aikace da ke buƙatar dogaro da aikin zafi. Ci gaba na gaba sun haɗa da ƙarin inganta ingancin bangon-bango, raba kwas mafi kunkuntar don kyakkyawan daidaiton launi, da haɗa kayan aikin sarrafa wayo kai tsaye a cikin kunshin.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |