LED Orange PLCC2 2.2x1.4x1.3mm - Wutar Gaba 1.8V - Ƙarfi 69mW - Tsawon Tsarin Haske 605nm - Takardar Bayanan Fasaha

1. Bayanin Samfurin

RF-AURB14TS-AA-B wani LED ne mai ƙarfi da ake ɗora a saman, a cikin kunshin PLCC2, wanda aka tsara don ayyuka masu wahala a cikin motoci da masana'antu. Na'urar tana amfani da fasahar AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide) mai ci gaba a kan gindi don samar da haske lemu mai cike da ƙarfi tare da tsawon tsarin haske na 605 nm. Kunshin ɗan ƙaramin girman yana auna 2.2 mm × 1.4 mm × 1.3 mm, yana mai da shi dace da ƙira masu ƙuntataccen sarari yayin da yake ba da zafi mai kyau ta hanyar faifan zafi na ƙasa.

Mahimman siffofi sun haɗa da kusurwar kallo mai faɗi na 120°, dacewa da duk matakan haɗa SMT, da kuma bin ka'idojin RoHS da REACH. Tsarin gwajin cancantar samfurin ya dogara ne akan Gwajin Danniya na AEC-Q101 don Na'urorin Semiconductor na Mataki na Mota, yana tabbatar da amintacciyar dogaro a ƙarƙashin yanayi masu wahala. Matsayin damshin damshi an ƙididdige shi a Mataki na 2, yana buƙatar kulawa sosai bayan buɗe marufin da aka rufe.

1.1 Siffofi

• Kunshin daidaitaccen PLCC2 don sauki ɗauka da sanyawa
• Kusurwar kallo mai faɗi 120° don rarraba haske daidai
• Ya dace da duk matakan haɗa SMT da walda (reflow, wave, hand solder)
• Ana samuwa akan tef da reel don masana'anta ta atomatik
• Matsayin damshin damshi: Mataki 2 (bisa J-STD-033)
• Ya bi ka'idojin RoHS da REACH na muhalli
• An cancanta bisa AEC-Q101 don amfani a motoci

1.2 Aikace-aikace

Babban aikace-aikace: Hasken cikin mota, gami da alamomin dashboard, hasken bayan tsarin nishadantarwa, igiyoyin haske na yanayi, da hasken maɓallai. Faɗin kusurwar kallo da ƙarfin haske mai ƙarfi (har zuwa 120 mcd a 5 mA) suna tabbatar da kyakkyawan gani da sha'awa a cikin motocin.

2. Sigogin Fasaha

Duk halayen lantarki da gani ana auna su a zafin walda na 25°C sai dai in an lura. LED an tsara shi don aiki a halin yanzu na gaba na 5 mA don aikace-aikace na yau da kullun, tare da matsakaicin ƙimar 30 mA DC.

Wutar gaba na wannan LED yana da ɗan ƙanƙanta idan aka kwatanta da fasahohin gasa, tare da ƙima na yau da kullun na 1.8 V a 5 mA. Wannan ƙananan wutar yana ba da damar tuƙi kai tsaye daga hanyoyin wutar ƙarami kuma yana rage ɓata wutar a cikin LED kanta. Halin komawa yana iyakance zuwa 10 µA a 5 V juyawa baya, yana tabbatar da ƙarancin zube a yanayin juyawa baya.

Ƙarfin haske an rarraba shi daga 65 zuwa 120 mcd a 5 mA, yana ba da matakai uku na ƙarfi (F1, F2, G1). Tsawon tsarin haske an sarrafa shi a cikin iyaka 7.5 nm (602.5–610 nm), tare da tsakiya a 605 nm, wanda yayi daidai da launin lemu mai cike. Faɗin kusurwar kallo 120° yana sa LED ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai faɗi ba tare da wuraren zafi ba.

2.1 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Matsayi

Matsakaicin ƙimar matsayi bai kamata a taɓa wuce su ba yayin aiki. LED na iya ɗaukar halin gaba mafi girma na 100 mA tare da zagaye na 1/10 da nisan bugun 10 ms, wanda yake da amfani don tsarin tuƙi da yawa. Iyakar zafin junction na 120°C yana buƙatar kulawar zafi mai kyau; juriya na zafi (junction zuwa faifan walda) an ƙayyade shi a matsakaicin 300°C/W, don haka don ɓata wutar 69 mW, hauhawar zafi sama da maƙalar walda ya kai kusan 20.7°C. Wannan yana ba da damar LED ya yi aiki lafiya ko da a yanayin zafi mai girma har zuwa 100°C.

3. Tsarin Rarraba don Wutar Gaba, Ƙarfin Haske, da Tsawon Tsarin Haske

Don tabbatar da daidaiton aikin haske da lantarki, wannan LED an rarraba shi cikin kwanoni bisa wutar gaba, ƙarfin haske, da tsawon tsarin haske. Tsarin rarraba yana bawa abokan ciniki damar zaɓar na'urori masu daidaitattun halaye don haske daidai a aikace-aikacen LED da yawa.

3.1 Kwanoni na Wutar Gaba (a IF=5mA)

An raba wutar gaba zuwa kwanoni shida: A2 (1.7–1.8 V), B1 (1.8–1.9 V), B2 (1.9–2.0 V), C1 (2.0–2.1 V), C2 (2.1–2.2 V), da D1 (2.2–2.3 V). Ƙimar yau da kullun ta 1.8 V ta fada cikin kwanon B1. Zaɓin kwanon wutar ɗan ƙarami yana rage bambancin rabon halin yanzu lokacin da aka haɗa LEDs a layi daya.

3.2 Kwanoni na Ƙarfin Haske (a IF=5mA)

An bayyana kwanoni uku na ƙarfi: F1 (65–80 mcd), F2 (80–100 mcd), da G1 (100–120 mcd). Ƙimar yau da kullun ta 100 mcd tana kan iyakar F2 da G1. Don iyakar haske, zaɓi G1; don aikace-aikacen da ake kula da farashi, F1 na iya isa.

3.3 Kwanoni na Tsawon Tsarin Haske (a IF=5mA)

Kwanoni uku na tsawon haske sun rufe bakan lemu: A2 (602.5–605 nm), B1 (605–607.5 nm), da B2 (607.5–610 nm). Ƙimar yau da kullun ta 605 nm ita ce iyakar ƙasa ta kwanon B1. Tsananin sarrafa tsawon haske yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin samarwa.

4. Binciken Ƙirar Aiki

Ƙirar halayen gani na yau da kullun da aka bayar a cikin takardar bayanan suna ba da haske game da halin LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na aiki. Fahimtar waɗannan ƙirar yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen ƙirar da'ira da kulawar zafi.

4.1 Wutar Gaba vs. Halin Gaba (Ƙirar I-V)

Hoto 1-6 yana nuna dangantakar juzu'i na yau da kullun na LEDs. A 1.5 V, halin yanzu ba shi da muhimmanci; a 1.7 V, halin yanzu yana tashi da ƙarfi zuwa kusan 2 mA; a 1.9 V, halin yanzu ya kai kusan 10 mA. Wannan gangare mai tsauri yana jaddada buƙatar daidaita halin yanzu maimakon tuƙi da wutar. Canji kaɗan a wutar (0.2 V) na iya haifar da canjin halin yanzu sau biyar, yana iya wuce matsakaicin ƙimar matsayi.

4.2 Halin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Haske Mai Juna

Hoto 1-7 yana nuna dangantakar kusan madaidaiciya tsakanin halin gaba da fitowar haske mai juna har zuwa 8 mA. Ninka halin yanzu daga 2 mA zuwa 4 mA yana ninka fitowar haske. Bayan 5 mA, ƙirar ta fara juyawa kaɗan, yana nuni da cewa iyakar inganci yana faruwa a halin yanzu matsakaici.

4.3 Tasirin Zafi akan Fitowar Haske da Wutar Gaba

Hoto 1-8 yana nuna cewa yayin da zafin walda ya karu daga zafin ɗaki zuwa 120°C, ƙarfin haske mai juna yana raguwa da kusan 40%. Wannan raguwar zafi na yau da kullun ne ga LEDs na AlGaInP kuma dole ne a yi la'akari da shi a yanayin zafi mai girma kamar cikin motoci. Hoto 1-10 yana nuna cewa wutar gaba tana raguwa daidai da zafi (kusan -2 mV/°C). Wannan ƙimar zafi mara kyau yana taimakawa rage ɓata wutar a yanayin zafi mai girma amma kuma yana buƙatar kulawar iyakance halin yanzu.

4.4 Matsakaicin Halin Gaba vs. Zafin Walda

Hoto 1-9 yana ba da ƙirar ragewa: a zafin walda na 25°C, matsakaicin halin gaba shine 30 mA; a 100°C, yana raguwa zuwa kusan 12 mA. Wannan ragewa yana tabbatar da cewa zafin junction bai taɓa wuce 120°C ba. Masu zane su yi amfani da wannan ƙirar don ƙayyade amintaccen halin aiki a yanayin zafin da ake sa ran.

4.5 Tsarin Radiyo da Bakan

Zanen radiyo (Hoto 1-11) ya tabbatar da tsarin haske mai faɗi na lambertian tare da kusurwar rabin ƙarfi na ±60°. Bakan (Hoto 1-13) yana nuna ƙaramin kololuwar fitarwa a kusan 605 nm tare da cikakken faɗi a rabin iyaka (FWHM) na kusan 20 nm, yana ba da launin lemu mai tsabta.

5. Girman Makaniki da Marufi

5.1 Kwatancin Kunshin

Kunshin LED shine daidaitaccen tsarin PLCC2: 2.2 mm × 1.4 mm × 1.3 mm (L×W×H). Duban sama yana nuna taga gani mai rectangular; duban gefe yana bayyana kaurin kunshin. Duban kasa yana nuna faci biyu na anode/cathode da kuma faifan zafi na tsakiya. An yi wa polarity alama ta hanyar ƙyamar da ke kan kunshin (duba Hoto 1-4). Tsarin walda da aka ba da shawarar (Hoto 1-5) ya haɗa da faifan jan ƙarfe masu yawa don ɗaukar zafi da daidaitawa.

5.2 Marufi na Tef da Reel

Ana ba da abubuwan a cikin tef mai nisan 8 mm akan reels diamita 178 mm tare da guda 3000 a kowane reel. Girman tef (A0 = 1.50 mm, B0 = 2.35 mm, K0 = 1.48 mm) yana tabbatar da amintaccen riƙe aljihu. Reel yana da diamita na cibiya 60 mm da jimlar kauri 13 mm. Kowanne reel an rufe shi a cikin jaka mai hana damshi tare da bushewa da katin nuna damshi. Yanayin ajiya yana buƙatar zafin ≤30°C da damshi ≤60% RH. Bayan buɗewa, LEDs ya kamata a yi amfani da su cikin sa'o'i 24; in ba haka ba, ana ba da shawarar gasa a 60±5°C na akalla sa'o'i 24.

6. Jagorar Walda ta SMT Reflow

Walda mai kyau yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye amincin LED. Tsarin reflow da ake ba da shawara yana bin JEDEC J-STD-020 tare da mafi girman zafin 260°C (max). Yankin preheat (150–200°C) ya kamata ya ɗauki daƙiƙa 60–120. Lokacin sama da 217°C bai kamata ya wuce daƙiƙa 60 ba, tare da riƙe mafi girman zafin na fiye da daƙiƙa 10. Yawan sanyaya bai kamata ya wuce 6°C/s ba. An yarda da zagaye biyu na reflow, idan dai tazara tsakanin su bai wuce sa'o'i 24 ba; in ba haka ba, damshin damshi na iya lalacewa.

Ana yarda da walda da hannu tare da zafin tip ƙasa da 300°C na fiye da daƙiƙa 3 a kowane haɗi, kuma an yarda da gyara guda ɗaya kawai. Gyara ta amfani da walda mai kai biyu ya kamata a tabbatar bai lalata LED ba. Ruhin silicone yana da taushi; a guji matsa lamba a kan lens yayin walda ko mu'amala. Kada a karkatar da PCB bayan walda, kuma kada a yi amfani da sanyaya mai sauri.

7. Gwaje-gwajen Amintacciya da Cancanta

LED ya yi gwaje-gwajen cancanta masu yawa bisa ka'idojin AEC-Q101. Tebur 2-3 ya lissafa manyan gwaje-gwaje biyar: Reflow (260°C, 10 sec, 2 zagaye), MSL2 preconditioning (85°C/60%RH, 168 hrs), Girgizawar Zafi (-40°C zuwa 125°C, 15 min zauna, 1000 zagaye), Gwajin Rayuwa (Ta=105°C, IF=5mA, 1000 hrs), da Gwajin Rayuwa mai Zafi da Damshi (85°C/85%RH, IF=5mA, 1000 hrs). Duk gwaje-gwaje sun yarda da gazawar sifiri daga samfura 20. Ƙa'idojin wucewa/gazawa sune: canjin wutar gaba ≤1.1× USL, halin komawa ≤2.0× USL, da ƙarfin haske ≥0.7× LSL.

8. Kariyar Mu'amala da La'akarin Zanen Aikace-aikace

Don tabbatar da amincin dogon lokaci, dole ne a kiyaye matakan kariya da mu'amala da yawa:

• Sarrafa Sulfur da Halogen:Abun sulfur a cikin muhalli da abubuwan haɗi bai kamata ya wuce 100 ppm ba. Abubuwan bromine da chlorine kowanne ya kamata ya kasance ƙasa da 900 ppm, kuma jimlar su ƙasa da 1500 ppm. Mahaloli masu canzawa na halitta (VOCs) na iya shiga cikin ruhin silicone kuma su haifar da canza launi; don haka, ya kamata a gwada adhesives da kayan zuba don daidaiton fitarwa.
• Kariyar ESD:LED an ƙididdige shi a 2000 V HBM tare da yawan amfanin >90%, amma dole ne a yi mu'amala a wuraren da aka kare ESD. Yi amfani da wuraren aiki na ƙasa, ionizers, da kayan aiki masu gudanarwa.
• Daidaita Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu ko direba mai tsayayyen halin yanzu. Kada a wuce 30 mA DC. A ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun, lura da iyakokin zagaye.
• Kula da Zafi:Samar da isasshiyar yankin jan ƙarfe da hanyoyin zafi a ƙarƙashin faifan LED. Zafin junction dole ne ya kasance ƙasa da 120°C. Yi la'akari da rage zafin muhalli kamar Hoto 1-9.
• Tsaftacewa:Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa, yi amfani da isopropyl alcohol. Kada a yi amfani da tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic saboda yana iya lalata wayoyin haɗin LED.
• Ajiya:Bi yanayin ajiya na na'urar mai damshi. Ana buƙatar gasa idan katin nuna damshi ya nuna >30% RH ko kuma idan lokacin fallasa ya wuce sa'o'i 24.

9. Kwatanta Fasaha: AlGaInP vs. Sauran Fasahohin LED

RF-AURB14TS-AA-B yana amfani da kayan AlGaInP a kan gindi (wataƙila GaAs), wanda ke ba da babban inganci a cikin bakan ja-lemu-rawaya. Idan aka kwatanta da LEDs na InGaN don shuɗi/kore, AlGaInP yana ba da ƙarancin wutar gaba (1.8 V na yau da kullun vs. 2.8–3.2 V na InGaN), yana ba da damar aiki kai tsaye da baturi. Duk da haka, AlGaInP yana da babban rage zafi, don haka ragewa yana da mahimmanci. Kunshin PLCC2 an karɓe shi sosai a aikace-aikacen mota saboda ƙaramin sawun sa da dacewa da haɗa ta atomatik.

10. Nazarin Shari'ar Zane: Hasken Yanayin Cikin Mota

Yi la'akari da igiyar hasken yanayi na dashboard da ke buƙatar LEDs lemu 10 tare da haske daidai. Yin amfani da kwanon ƙarfi G1 (100–120 mcd) da kwanon tsawon haske B1 (605–607.5 nm) yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske. Ana tuƙa LEDs a 5 mA ta hanyar IC mai tsayayyen halin yanzu. Resistor a jere da kowane LED yana rama bambancin wutar gaba. Binciken zafi ya nuna cewa a 5 mA da 25°C na muhalli, hauhawar zafin junction ya kai kimanin 4.5°C (0.009 W × 300°C/W = 2.7°C tare da gefen muhalli), yana cikin iyakar aminci. Faɗin kusurwar kallo 120° yana ba da haske daidai ba tare da wuraren zafi na gani ba.

11. Tambayoyi Masu Yawan Yi

Q1: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a 20 mA kai tsaye daga wutar 3.3V ba tare da resistor ba?
A: A'a. Wutar gaba a 20 mA tana kusan 2.0 V (duba ƙirar I-V). Wutar 3.3 V zata haifar da wuce gona da iri na halin yanzu (sama da 30 mA) kuma ta lalata LED. Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu (misali (3.3–2.0)/0.02 = 65 Ω) ko direba mai tsayayyen halin yanzu.

Q2: Menene rai na yau da kullun na wannan LED?
A: Dangane da gwajin rayuwa na AEC-Q101 a 105°C da 5 mA na sa'o'i 1000 ba tare da gazawa ba, an kiyasta rai na yau da kullun ya kasance > sa'o'i 50,000 a ƙananan zafin jiki. Rayuwa ta ainihi ta dogara da yanayin aiki.

Q3: Zan iya haɗa LEDs da yawa a layi daya ba tare da resistors guda ɗaya ba?
A: Ba a ba da shawara ba saboda bambancin wutar gaba yana haifar da rashin daidaiton halin yanzu. Idan aiki a layi daya ya zama dole, zaɓi LEDs daga kwanon wutar guda ɗaya kuma ƙara ƙananan resistors masu daidaitawa (misali 10 Ω) a kowane reshe.

Q4: Menene mafi ƙarancin halin yanzu don fitowar haske mai gani?
A: Ko da a 0.5 mA, LED yana fitar da haske lemu wanda ake iya gane shi saboda babban inganci. Mafi ƙarancin halin aiki da ake ba da shawara shine 1 mA don tabbatar da tsayayyen launi.

12. Ƙa'idar Aiki na LEDs na AlGaInP

AlGaInP wani fili ne na semiconductor mai kai tsaye daga rukunin III-V. Layer mai aiki yana kunshe da tsarin rijiyoyin ƙididdiga da aka girma akan ginin GaAs mai daidaita lattice (ko tare da ginin gani don inganta fitarwa). Lokacin da aka yi gaba, electrons da holes suna sake haduwa da haske, suna fitar da photons masu ƙarfi daidai da bandgap. Ta hanyar daidaita adadin aluminum da gallium, tsawon hasken fitarwa yana iya daidaitawa daga kusan 560 nm (rawaya-kore) zuwa 650 nm (ja mai zurfi). Ga wannan LED lemu, haɗin ya ba da tsawon kololuwa a kusa da 605 nm. Tsarin kayan AlGaInP yana da babban ingancin ciki da ƙarancin juriya, yana haifar da ƙarancin wutar gaba.

13. Hanyoyin Ci gaba a cikin Marufin LED na Mota

Hanyar masana'antar ita ce zuwa ƙananan kunshin tare da mafi girman aminci da mafi tsananin sarrafa launi. PLCC2 ya kasance sananne ga aikace-aikacen matsakaiciyar ƙarfi, yayin da kunshin sikelin guntu (CSP) da kunshin EMC ke fitowa don mafi girman yawan ƙarfi. Duk da haka, ga hasken cikin mota inda farashi da ƙarfi suke da fifiko, PLCC2 yana ci gaba da karɓuwa. Ci gaba na gaba sun haɗa da ingantaccen aikin zafi ta hanyar kayan gindi na ci gaba (misali AlN) da daidaitaccen rarraba tsawon haske don biyan buƙatun tsarin LED da yawa tare da ƙarancin bambancin launi.