Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfurin
- 1.1 Bayani Gabaɗaya
- 1.2 Abubuwan Fasaha
- 1.3 Aikace-aikace
- 2. Ma'aunin Fasaha
- 2.1 Girman Kunshin
- 2.2 Siffofin Lantarki / Gani (Ts=25°C, IF=20mA)
- 2.3 Matsayi Matsayi mafi Girma (Absolute Maximum Ratings)
- 3. Tsarin Rarraba (Sorting System)
- 4. Binciken Lauyoyin Aiki
- 5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin
- 5.1 Girman Teye da Rili
- 5.2 Bayanin Lakabi
- 5.3 Kunshin mai Juriya da Damshi
- 6. Jagorar Walda da Haɗawa
- 6.1 Walda ta SMT Reflow
- 6.2 Walda da Hannu da Gyara
- 7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda
- 8. La'akari da Aikace-aikace
- 8.1 Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun
- 8.2 Kariyar Tsarawa
- 9. Amintacce da Gwaji
- 9.1 Abubuwan Gwajin Amintacce
- 9.2 Ma'aunin Gazawa (Failure Criteria)
- 10. Kariyar Sarrafawa da Adana
- 11. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
- 12. Tsarin Aiki
- 13. Hanyoyin Cigaba
- 14. Nazari na Aikace-aikace
- Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
- Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
- Ma'auni na Lantarki
- Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
- Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
- Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
- Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
1. Bayanin Samfurin
1.1 Bayani Gabaɗaya
An kera wannan LED rawaya ta amfani da chip rawaya kuma an tattara shi a cikin ƙaramin kunshin 1608 na saman-samfurin mai girma 1.6mm × 0.8mm × 0.7mm. An tsara shi don nunin gani da nuni na gaba ɗaya, yana bayar da kusurwa mai faɗi da kuma dacewa da hanyoyin haɗa SMT na yau da kullun.
1.2 Abubuwan Fasaha
- Kusurwar kallo mai faɗi sosai na 140°.
- Ya dace da duk hanyoyin haɗa SMT da walda.
- Matsayin damshin damshi: Matsayi 3 (MSL 3).
- RoHS ya dace.
1.3 Aikace-aikace
- Alamomin gani
- Maɓallai, alamomi, da nuni
- Amfani gabaɗaya
2. Ma'aunin Fasaha
2.1 Girman Kunshin
Kunshin LED ya auna 1.6mm tsawon, 0.8mm faɗi, da 0.7mm tsayi. Hotunan sama da ƙasa suna nuna tashoshi biyu tare da alamar polarity. Tsarin walda da aka ba da shawarar yana ba da tsarin shimfidar pad mai pads 0.8mm guda biyu da aka raba da nisa 2.4mm daga tsakiya zuwa tsakiya, yana ba da damar samar da haɗin walda mai dogaro.
2.2 Siffofin Lantarki / Gani (Ts=25°C, IF=20mA)
| Ma'auni (Parameter) | Alama (Symbol) | Matsayi (Min) | Matsakaici (Typ) | Matsayi mafi girma (Max) | Naúrar (Unit) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faɗin Band Spectral (Spectral Half Bandwidth) | Δλ | -- | 15 | -- | nm |
| Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba (B0) (Forward Voltage (B0)) | VF | 1.8 | -- | 2.0 | V |
| Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba (C0) (Forward Voltage (C0)) | VF | 2.0 | -- | 2.2 | V |
| Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba (D0) (Forward Voltage (D0)) | VF | 2.2 | -- | 2.4 | V |
| Tsawon Wavelength mai Rinjaye (2K) (Dominant Wavelength (2K)) | λD | 585 | -- | 590 | nm |
| Tsawon Wavelength mai Rinjaye (2L) (Dominant Wavelength (2L)) | λD | 590 | -- | 595 | nm |
| Hasken Haske (F20) (Luminous Intensity (F20)) | IV | 80 | -- | 100 | mcd |
| Hasken Haske (G10) (Luminous Intensity (G10)) | IV | 100 | -- | 120 | mcd |
| Hasken Haske (G20) (Luminous Intensity (G20)) | IV | 120 | -- | 150 | mcd |
| Hasken Haske (H10) (Luminous Intensity (H10)) | IV | 150 | -- | 180 | mcd |
| Hasken Haske (H20) (Luminous Intensity (H20)) | IV | 180 | -- | 230 | mcd |
| Kusurwar Kallo (Viewing Angle) | 2θ1/2 | -- | 140 | -- | deg |
| Guduwar Baya (VR=5V) (Reverse Current (VR=5V)) | IR | -- | -- | 10 | μA |
| Juriyar Zafi (Thermal Resistance) | RTHJ-S | -- | -- | 450 | °C/W |
2.3 Matsayi Matsayi mafi Girma (Absolute Maximum Ratings)
| Ma'auni (Parameter) | Alama (Symbol) | Ƙima (Rating) | Naúrar (Unit) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rushewar Ƙarfi (Power Dissipation) | Pd | 72 | mW |
| Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba (Forward Current) | IF | 30 | mA |
| Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba mafi Girma (1/10 Duty, 0.1ms) (Peak Forward Current (1/10 Duty, 0.1ms)) | IFP | 60 | mA |
| Ragewar Lantarki (HBM) (Electrostatic Discharge (HBM)) | ESD | 2000 | V |
| Zazzabin Aiki (Operating Temperature) | Topr | -40 ~ +85 | °C |
| Zazzabin Adana (Storage Temperature) | Tstg | -40 ~ +85 | °C |
| Zazzabin Haɗin (Junction Temperature) | Tj | 95 | °C |
3. Tsarin Rarraba (Sorting System)
An raba LED zuwa kwanoni daban-daban bisa ga wutar lantarki ta gaba, tsawon wavelength mai rinjaye, da haske don tabbatar da aiki mai daidaito a aikace-aikace.
- Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba (VF): Kwanoni uku – B0 (1.8-2.0V), C0 (2.0-2.2V), D0 (2.2-2.4V).
- Tsawon Wavelength mai Rinjaye (λD): Kwanoni biyu – 2K (585-590nm), 2L (590-595nm).
- Hasken Haske (IV): Kwanoni biyar – F20 (80-100mcd), G10 (100-120mcd), G20 (120-150mcd), H10 (150-180mcd), H20 (180-230mcd).
4. Binciken Lauyoyin Aiki
Lauyoyin siffofin gani na yau da kullun suna ba da haske game da halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki daban-daban.
- Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba vs. Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba (Fig 1-6): Yana nuna hafifar da haɓakar wutar lantarki tare da wutar lantarki, abin da ya saba ga LED. A 20mA, wutar lantarki ta gaba ta faɗi cikin kwanoni da aka raba.
- Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba vs. Hasken Dangantaka (Fig 1-7): Hasken dangantaka yana ƙaruwa kusan daidai da wutar lantarki har zuwa iyakar da aka bayar, yana nuna inganci a ƙananan wutar lantarki.
- Zazzabin Filin vs. Hasken Dangantaka (Fig 1-8): Zazzabin filin mafi girma yana rage fitar haske; kusan raguwar 20% a 85°C idan aka kwatanta da 25°C, yana nuna buƙatar kula da zafi.
- Zazzabin Filin vs. Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba (Fig 1-9): Wutar lantarki ta gaba tana raguwa yayin da zazzabi ke hauhawa idan an shafa wutar lantarki akai-akai, yana nuna muhimmancin tsarin wutar lantarki.
- Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba vs. Tsawon Wavelength mai Rinjaye (Fig 1-10): Tsawon wavelength mai rinjaye yana motsawa kadan zuwa mafi tsawon wavelength (canji ja) tare da hauhawar wutar lantarki, abin da ya saba ga LED rawaya.
- Hasken Dangantaka vs. Tsawon Wavelength (Fig 1-11): Rarraba spectral yana tashi a kusa da tsawon wavelength mai rinjaye tare da faɗin band na 15nm, yana tabbatar da launin rawaya mai cike.
- Tsarin Raya (Fig 1-12): LED yana fitar da haske a kan kusurwa mai faɗi na 140°, tare da rarraba haske daidai, yana dace da aikace-aikacen nuni da haskewar baya.
5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin
5.1 Girman Teye da Rili
An kunshe LED a cikin teye mai faɗi 8.0mm, tare da tazarar aljihu 4.0mm da girman aljihu na ciki 1.8mm x 0.92mm. Diamitar rili shine 178mm ±1mm, tare da diamitar hub 60mm ±1mm. Kowane rili yana ƙunshe da guda 4000.
5.2 Bayanin Lakabi
Lakabin ya haɗa da Lambar Bangare, Lambar Spec, Lambar Lot, Lambar Bin (ciki har da bin haske, bin chromaticity, bin wutar lantarki ta gaba, lambar wavelength), adadi, da ranar kera.
5.3 Kunshin mai Juriya da Damshi
Ana rufe rili a cikin jakar kariya daga damshi tare da bushewa da katin nuna damshi. Matsayin damshin damshi shine MSL 3, yana buƙatar yanayin adana a ƙasa da 30°C da 60% RH bayan buɗewa, tare da rayuwar bene na awa 168.
6. Jagorar Walda da Haɗawa
6.1 Walda ta SMT Reflow
| Ma'auni (Parameter) | Ƙima (Value) |
|---|---|
| Matsakaicin tashi (Tsmax zuwa Tp) | Max 3°C/s |
| Zazzabin preheat (Tsmin zuwa Tsmax) | 150°C zuwa 200°C |
| Lokacin preheat | Awa 60 zuwa 120 |
| Lokaci sama da 217°C (tL) | Max awa 60 |
| Matsayin zazzabi mafi girma (Tp) | 260°C |
| Lokaci a cikin 5°C na mafi girma (tp) | Max awa 10 |
| Gudun sanyaya | Max 6°C/s |
| Lokaci daga 25°C zuwa Tp | Max mintuna 8 |
Walda ta reflow bai kamata ta wuce sau biyu ba. Idan akwai tazara fiye da awa 24 tsakanin ayyuka biyu na walda, LEDs na iya sha damshi kuma su lalace. Kada a yi amfani da damfara a lokacin dumama.
6.2 Walda da Hannu da Gyara
Walda da hannu an yarda da ita sau ɗaya kawai, tare da zazzabin ƙarfe a ƙasa da 300°C da lokacin aiki ƙasa da daƙiƙa 3. Ana hana gyara bayan walda; idan ba a iya gujewa ba, yi amfani da ƙarfen walda mai kai biyu kuma tabbatar da ingancin LED.
7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda
Rukunin kunshin na yau da kullun shine guda 4000 a kowace rili. Teye yana da faɗi 8mm kuma ya dace da ƙa'idar EIA-481. Ana tattara rili a cikin jakar kariya daga damshi sannan a saka su a cikin akwatunan kwali don jigilar kaya. Girman akwatin yana goyan bayan jigilar rili da yawa cikin aminci.
8. La'akari da Aikace-aikace
8.1 Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun
Amfani na yau da kullun ya haɗa da alamun gani a kan na'urorin lantarki, haskewar maɓalli, haskewar alamomi, da ayyukan nuni gabaɗaya inda ake buƙatar alamar rawaya mai haske.
8.2 Kariyar Tsarawa
- Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki a jere tare da LED don hana guduwar wutar lantarki daga sauye-sauyen wutar lantarki.
- Tsarin zafi yana da mahimmanci: tabbatar da isasshen sanyaya don kiyaye zazzabin haɗin a ƙasa da 95°C.
- Abun sulfur na muhalli dole ne ya kasance a ƙasa da 100PPM; abun halogen (bromine da chlorine) kowanne a ƙasa da 900PPM kuma jimillar a ƙasa da 1500PPM.
- Ka guje wa fallasa ga mahaɗan kwayoyin halitta masu ƙarfi (VOCs) waɗanda zasu iya fitowa daga adhesives ko encapsulants, saboda zasu iya canza launin silicone.
- Samar da kariya ta ESD yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa; Matsayin HBM na yau da kullun shine 2000V.
9. Amintacce da Gwaji
9.1 Abubuwan Gwajin Amintacce
| Abin Gwaji (Test Item) | Yanayi (Condition) | Lokaci/Lamba (Duration/Count) | Karɓa/Ki (Accept/Reject) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Walda ta Reflow (Reflow Soldering) | 260°C, daƙiƙa 10 | Sau biyu | 0/1 |
| Hawan Zazzabi (Temperature Cycle) | -40°C zuwa 100°C, mintuna 30 kowanne | Hawan 100 | 0/1 |
| Girgizar Zafi (Thermal Shock) | -40°C zuwa 100°C, mintuna 15 | Hawan 300 | 0/1 |
| Adana a Babban Zazzabi (High Temperature Storage) | 100°C | Awa 1000 | 0/1 |
| Adana a ƙananan Zazzabi (Low Temperature Storage) | -40°C | Awa 1000 | 0/1 |
| Gwajin Rayuwa (IF=20mA, Ta=25°C) (Life Test (IF=20mA, Ta=25°C)) | 25°C, 20mA | Awa 1000 | 0/1 |
9.2 Ma'aunin Gazawa (Failure Criteria)
Bayan gwaje-gwajen amintacce, ana ɗaukar LED a matsayin gazawar idan: Wutar lantarki ta gaba (a IF=20mA) ta wuce U.S.L × 1.1; Guduwar Baya (a VR=5V) ta wuce U.S.L × 2.0; Hasken haske ya kasance a ƙasa da L.S.L × 0.7.
10. Kariyar Sarrafawa da Adana
- Adana jakunkuna da ba a buɗe ba a ≤30°C da ≤75% RH har tsawon shekara guda daga ranar kera.
- Bayan buɗewa, rayuwar bene ita ce awa 168 a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH.
- Idan jakar kariya ta damshi ta lalace ko nuna damshi ya nuna damshi mai yawa, toya LEDs a 60±5°C na akalla awa 24 kafin amfani.
- Sarrafa tare da kariyar ESD: yi amfani da wuraren aiki masu ƙasa, madauri na wuyan hannu, da kunshin halitta.
- Kada a lankwasa ko karkatar da PCB bayan walda; ka guji sanyaya da sauri.
- Kada a yi amfani da adhesives da ke fitar da tururin kwayoyin halitta a kusa da LED.
11. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Q: Me yasa ake buƙatar resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki?
A: Wutar lantarki ta gaba na LED tana canzawa tare da zazzabi kuma daga wannan zuwa wani. Canji kadan a wutar lantarki na iya haifar da babban canji a wutar lantarki, wanda zai iya wuce iyakar da aka bayar. Resistor a jere yana daidaita wutar lantarki.
Q: Ana iya tuƙi waɗannan LEDs a layi daya?
A: Haɗa LEDs a layi daya ba tare da iyakance wutar lantarki ɗaya ɗaya ba na iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa na wutar lantarki saboda bambancin VF. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da resistors daban ko kuma direbobin wutar lantarki akai-akai ga kowace layi.
Q: Menene rayuwar wannan LED?
A: A ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun (20mA, 25°C), ana sa ran LED zai yi aiki fiye da awa 50,000, kodayake ainihin rayuwa ya dogara da kula da zafi da yanayin tuƙi.
12. Tsarin Aiki
Wannan LED rawaya yana dogara ne akan diode semiconductor da aka yi daga chip rawaya (yawanci Gallium Phosphide ko wani mahallin da ke da alaƙa). Lokacin da aka shigar da wutar lantarki ta gaba, electrons da holes suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photon. Tsawon wavelength na hasken da aka fitar (kusan 585-595nm) ya yi daidai da makamashin bandgap na kayan, yana samar da launin rawaya. Kusurwar kallo mai faɗi ana samun ta ta hanyar tsarin kunshin da kuma amfani da encapsulant mai watsawa.
13. Hanyoyin Cigaba
Hanyoyin da ke ci gaba a fasahar LED sun haɗa da ƙara ƙarami na kunshin, mafi ingancin haske, ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na launi, da kuma bin ƙa'idodin muhalli. Kunshin 1608 ya riga ya zama nau'i mai ƙarami; cigaba na gaba na iya haɗawa da ƙarin ƙananan kunshin (misali 1006) tare da aiki iri ɗaya ko mafi girma. Cigaba a kayan phosphor da chip na iya faɗaɗa kewayon launuka masu samuwa kuma inganta aikin zafi.
14. Nazari na Aikace-aikace
Aikace-aikace: Alamar Matsayi a kan Na'urar Gida mai Wayo
Thermostat mai wayo yana amfani da LED rawaya (kamar wannan samfurin) don nuna matsayin sadarwar Wi-Fi. Ana tuƙi LED a 10mA don samar da haske mai daɗi ba tare da haske mai ƙarfi ba. Ana amfani da resistor 180Ω a jere tare da wutar lantarki mai 3.3V. Kusurwar kallo mai faɗi tana tabbatar da cewa alamar tana bayyane daga kowace hanya. Na'urar ta ci gwajin amintacce ciki har da hawan zazzabi da adana damshi mai yawa, yana tabbatar da juriya. Sarrafa MSL 3 yana tabbatar da babu lahani da ke da alaƙa da damshi yayin haɗawa.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |