LTW-Q35ZRGB RGB LED Takardar Bayani - Kunshin SMD - Ja 2.1V / Kore 2.9V / Shudi 3.0V - Jimlar Wutar 0.18W - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

LTW-Q35ZRGB wani ƙaramin LED ne na RGB (Ja, Kore, Shudi) wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen haske na ƙwaƙƙwaran jiki (solid-state lighting). Yana haɗa guda uku na LED chips (ja, kore, shudi) a cikin kunshi guda, yana ba da damar samar da fa'idodi mai yawa na launuka ta hanyar haɗa launuka. Wannan na'urar tana wakiltar madadin haske mai inganci ga hasken al'ada, tana ba da tsawon rayuwar aiki da babban dogaro.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da ƙaramin siffarsa, dacewa da kayan aikin haɗawa ta atomatik (pick-and-place assembly equipment), da kuma dacewa da tsarin solder na infrared (IR) da vapor phase reflow. An ƙera shi azaman kunshin daidaitaccen EIA kuma ya dace da matakan tuƙi na kewayawa (I.C. drive levels). Samfurin ya bi ka'idojin kore, ba shi da gubar kuma yana bin umarnin RoHS.

1.2 Aikace-aikacen Da Ake Nufi

Wannan LED mai yawan amfani ana nufin shi ga fa'idodi masu yawa na haske. Manyan kasuwanni sun haɗa da hasken muhalli don kayan aikin gida, mafita na haske masu ɗaukar hoto kamar fitilun wuta da fitilun keke, hasken gine-gine na ciki da waje na gidaje da wuraren kasuwanci (downlighters, cove lighting, undershelf lighting), hasken ado da nishaɗi, hasken tsaro da lambu (bollards), da aikace-aikacen sigina na musamman kamar fitilun zirga-zirga, fitilun ƙetare dogo, da alamun gefe (misali, alamun fita, nunin tallace-tallace).

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Hasken (Electro-Optical Characteristics)

Duk ma'aunin an ƙayyade shi a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C. Manyan ma'auni suna bayyana aikin kowane tashar launi (Ja, Kore, Shudi) da kuma haɗin fitar da hasken fari.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (Φv):Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske don launuka daban-daban a cikin gaba na gaba (IF) na 20mA shine 2.55 lm (Ja), 7.35 lm (Kore), da 0.95 lm (Shudi). Lokacin da ake tuƙa shi a cikin igiyoyin musamman don samar da hasken fari (R=25mA, G=13mA, B=15mA), matsakaicin haɗin ƙarfin haske shine 10.50 lm.
• Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske a IF=20mA shine 920 mcd (Ja), 2500 mcd (Kore), da 340 mcd (Shudi). Haɗin ƙarfin hasken fari a ƙarƙashin yanayin tuƙi da aka ƙayyade shine 3500 mcd.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (θ1/2):Matsakaicin rabin ƙarfin kusurwar dubawa don haɗin fitar da fari shine digiri 130, yana nuna faɗin tsarin haske.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (λd):Yana bayyana launin da ake gani na kowane chip. Ƙayyadaddun kewayon sune 618-628 nm don Ja, 520-530 nm don Kore, da 465-475 nm don Shudi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED a cikin gwajin igiyar. Matsakaicin ƙimomin sune 2.1V (Ja a 20mA), 2.9V (Kore a 20mA), da 3.0V (Shudi a 20mA). Matsakaicin ƙimomin sune 2.4V, 3.5V, da 3.5V bi da bi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na ESD:Na'urar na iya jure Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) na 8KV ta amfani da Model na Jikin Mutum (HBM), ko da yake ana ba da shawarar matakan kula da ESD da suka dace.

2.2 Matsakaicin Matsayin Cikakken Ƙarfi (Absolute Maximum Ratings)

Waɗannan ƙimar suna bayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a tabbatar da aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan yanayi ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Po):Matsakaicin wutar lantarki da aka yarda don tashoshi daban-daban shine 96 mW (Ja), 144 mW (Kore da Shudi). Jimlar rushewar wutar lantarki don dukan kunshi bai kamata ya wuce 180 mW ba.
• Igya ta Gaba:Ci gaba da igya ta gaba (IF) don kowane tashoshi shine 40 mA. Matsakaicin igya ta gaba (IFP) don aikin bugun jini (≤1/10 aikin aiki, ≤10ms faɗin bugun jini) shine 100 mA a kowane tashoshi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR):Matsakaicin 5V. Aiki a ƙarƙashin bias na baya zai iya haifar da gazawa.
• Kewayon Zafin Jiki:Zafin aiki (Topr) shine -40°C zuwa +80°C. Zafin ajiya (Tstg) shine -40°C zuwa +100°C.
• Yanayin Solder:Na'urar na iya jure solder mara gubar a 260°C na dakika 5.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Ana rarraba LED zuwa bins bisa ƙarfin haske da daidaitattun launuka don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a aikace-aikacen samarwa.

3.1 Binning na Ƙarfin Hasken (Luminous Flux Binning)

Fitar da hasken fari (lokacin da ake tuƙa shi a R=25mA, G=13mA, B=15mA) an rarraba shi zuwa bins (V3 zuwa V6). Misali, bin V3 ya ƙunshi ƙarfin haske daga 8.00 lm (Min) zuwa 10.50 lm (Max). Tolerancin akan kowane bin shine +/-10%.

3.2 Binning na Launi (Color Chromaticity Binning)

An ƙayyade haɗin launin fari akan zane na CIE 1931 (x, y). Takardar bayani tana ba da cikakken tebur na matsayin launi (A1 zuwa D4), kowanne yana ƙayyade yanki mai huɗu akan ginshiƙi na launi wanda aka ƙayyade ta hanyar nau'i huɗu na (x, y) coordinate pairs. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LEDs tare da ƙayyadaddun daidaitattun maki fari. Tolerancin don kowane bin hue shine +/- 0.01 a cikin duka x da y coordinates.

4. Binciken Lankwasa Ayyuka (Performance Curve Analysis)

Takardar bayani ta haɗa da lankwasan halaye na yau da kullun (ba a sake yin su a cikin rubutun da aka bayar amma ana magana da su). Waɗannan lankwasan suna da mahimmanci don binciken ƙira.

• Lankwasan I-V (Igya-Ƙarfin Lantarki):Nuna alaƙar tsakanin igya ta gaba da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba don kowane launi na chip a cikin kewayon igiyoyi da yanayin zafi. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar daidaitaccen kewayawa na iyakance igya.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken da Igya ta Gaba:Yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙima tare da ƙara igiyar tuƙi, yana nuna yuwuwar rashin layi da raguwar inganci a manyan igiyoyi.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken da Yanayin Zafin Muhalli:Yana nuna raguwar zafin jiki na fitar da haske. Yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi, ingancin haske yakan ragu.
• Rarraba Ƙarfin Lantarki na Spectrum:Zai nuna ƙarfin haske da aka fitar a kowane tsawon zango don ja, kore, da shudi chips, yana ƙayyade gamut na launi mai yuwuwa tare da wannan na'urar.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

5.1 Girman Siffar (Outline Dimensions)

Na'urar tana da takamaiman siffar siffa. Duk girmansu suna cikin millimeters tare da matsakaicin tolerancin ±0.2 mm. Muhimman bayanan injiniya sun haɗa da wurin wurin allurar (wanda dole ne ya kasance sama da jagororin) da kuma gaskiyar cewa slug na zafi yana da ƙarfin lantarki, wanda dole ne a yi la'akari da shi yayin shimfidar PCB don hana gajeriyar hanyoyin lantarki.

5.2 Gano Polarity da Ƙirar Pad

Takardar bayani tana ba da shawarar shimfidar pad ɗin haɗin kewaya (PCB). Wannan ya haɗa da girman, siffa, da tazara na sandunan solder don jagororin huɗu (anode da cathode don kowane launi, mai yiwuwa tare da tsarin cathode ko anode na gama gari) da kuma pad na zafi na tsakiya (heat slug). Daidaitaccen ƙirar pad yana da mahimmanci don amintaccen solder, sarrafa zafi, da hana tombstoning.

6. Jagorar Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Reflow Solder

An ba da shawarar bayanin yanayin solder na infrared (IR) reflow, wanda ya dace da J-STD-020D don hanyoyin solder mara gubar. Wannan bayanin yana ƙayyade matakan preheat, soak, reflow (matsakaicin zafin jiki), da matakan sanyaya tare da takamaiman lokaci da ƙuntatawa na zafin jiki don tabbatar da haɗin gwiwar solder ba tare da lalata kunshin LED ba.

6.2 Tsaftacewa da Sarrafawa

Ya kamata a yi tsaftacewa kawai tare da takamaiman sinadarai. Ana iya nutsar da LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya idan ya cancanta. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy. An tilasta matakan kula da ESD: ana ba da shawarar amfani da igiyoyin wuyan hannu, safofin hannu masu hana tashin hankali, da kayan aiki masu tushe da suka dace don hana lalacewa daga fitar da tashin hankali.

7. Bayanin Kunshi da Oda

Ana ba da LEDs a cikin kunshi a cikin tef mai faɗin 12mm akan reels mai diamita 7-inch, wanda ya dace da kayan aikin haɗawa ta atomatik. An ƙayyade girman kunshin tef da reel don tabbatar da dacewa da masu ciyarwa na yau da kullun. Lambar sashi ita ce LTW-Q35ZRGB.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Abubuwan da Ya Kamata a Yi la'akari da su a Ƙirar (Design Considerations)

• Tuƙi na Igya:Yi amfani da masu tuƙi na igya na yau da kullun don kowane tashar launi don kiyaye daidaitaccen fitar da launi da hana guduwar zafi. Bambance-bambancen ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (duba binning) sun sa tuƙin ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun ba zai yiwu ba don aikace-aikacen da ke da mahimmanci ga launi.
• Sarrafa Zafi:Ko da yake yana da ƙarami, rushewar wutar lantarki (har zuwa 180mW jimla) yana haifar da zafi. Daidaitaccen ƙirar zafi na PCB, gami da amfani da pad na zafi da aka haɗa zuwa zubar da tagulla, yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa a cikin iyakoki da tabbatar da dogon lokacin dogaro da daidaitaccen fitar da haske.
• Sarrafa Haɗa Launi:Don cimma takamaiman maki fari ko launuka, Pulse-width modulation (PWM) na kowane tashoshi shine hanyar da aka fi so fiye da duhun analog, saboda yana kiyaye chromaticity a cikin faɗin kewayon duhu.

9. Dogaro da Gwaji

Takardar bayani ta zayyana cikakken tsarin gwajin dogaro, yana nuna ƙarfin samfurin. Gwaje-gwaje sun haɗa da Resistance to Soldering Heat (RTSH), Gwajin Rayuwa na Tsayayye (SSLT) a ɗaukakar zafin jiki da igya na sa'o'i 3000, Cycling na Zafin Jiki (TC), Shock na Zafi (TS), da Ajiyar Zafi/Zafi (WHTS). An ƙayyade ma'auni na gazawa bisa canje-canje a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (matsakaicin 110% na babban iyaka), ƙarfin haske (matsakaicin 50% na ƙananan iyaka), da daidaitattun launi (matsakaicin <0.02).

10. Kwatancen Fasaha da Matsayi

Idan aka kwatanta da LEDs masu launi guda ɗaya, wannan kunshin RGB na haɗin gwiwa yana adana sararin allo mai mahimmanci kuma yana sauƙaƙa haɗawa. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 130 ya sa ya dace da hasken yanki maimakon hasken tabo mai mai da hankali. Ƙayyadaddun ƙimar ESD da dacewa tare da reflow mara gubar sun cika ka'idojin samarwa da dogaro na zamani. Cikakken tsarin binning yana ba shi damar yin gasa a aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton launi, kamar hasken gine-gine da sigina.

11. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Ta yaya zan iya samar da hasken fari mai tsafta tare da wannan LED RGB?

A: Fari mai tsafta ba batu ɗaya ba ne amma kewayon akan zane na chromaticity. Dole ne ku tuƙi tashoshin Ja, Kore, da Shudi a cikin takamaiman igiyoyin da aka jera a cikin teburin binning na ƙarfin haske (R=25mA, G=13mA, B=15mA) don cimma makin fari da aka ƙayyade a cikin bins na matsayin launi (A1-D4). Tabbataccen maƙasudin fari zai dogara da takamaiman bin na LED.

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙi LED a matsakaicin igya ta ci gaba (40mA a kowane tashoshi) ci gaba?

A: Ko da yake yana yiwuwa, ba a ba da shawarar don mafi kyawun rayuwa da inganci ba. Tuƙi a ƙananan igiyoyi (misali, yanayin gwaji na 20mA ko yanayin haɗin fari) zai haifar da ƙananan zafin haɗin gwiwa, mafi girman inganci (lumens a kowace watt), da kuma tsayin rayuwar aiki sosai. Koyaushe yi la'akari da iyakar jimlar rushewar wutar lantarki na 180mW.

Q: Me ya sa slug na zafi yake da ƙarfin lantarki, kuma ta yaya zan sarrafa wannan?

A: Slug yana da ƙarfin lantarki don canja wurin zafi daga LED die zuwa PCB cikin inganci. A cikin shimfidar PCB ɗin ku, pad ɗin slug dole ne a keɓe shi daga duk sauran hanyoyin kewayawa na lantarki sai dai idan an haɗa shi da gangan zuwa takamaiman yuwuwar (sau da yawa ƙasa). Ƙirar haɗin kai na zafi zuwa babban jirgin sama na ƙasa al'ada ce ta gama gari.

12. Nazarin Ƙira da Amfani (Design and Usage Case Study)

Yanayi: Ƙirar alamar fita mai hasken gefe.Za a sanya LEDs da yawa na LTW-Q35ZRGB tare da gefen jagorar haske na acrylic. Microcontroller zai sarrafa tashoshi uku na kowane LED. Don haske na yau da kullun, za a tuƙi LEDs a cikin igiyoyin da aka ƙayyade don hasken fari. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a fadin fuskar alama. Zaɓin takamaiman bin na ƙarfin haske (misali, V3 ko V4) yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a duk raka'o'in. Zaɓin matsayi mai ƙarfi na launi (misali, duk daga bin B2) yana tabbatar da cewa duk alamun suna da launin fari iri ɗaya, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga daidaiton alamar alama da ƙa'idodin aminci. Kunshin SMD yana ba da damar ƙira mai ƙarami, ƙaramin bayani da haɗawa ta atomatik.

13. Ka'idar Aiki

LED yana aiki bisa ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin kayan semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙofar diode, electrons suna sake haɗuwa tare da ramuka a cikin yanki mai aiki na semiconductor chip (wanda aka haɗa da kayan kamar AlInGaP don ja da InGaN don kore/shudi), suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman bandgap na kayan semiconductor yana ƙayyade tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar. Kunshin RGB yana haɗa irin waɗannan guda uku, kuma haskensu yana haɗawa a cikin ruwan tabarau na epoxy don samar da launin fitarwa da ake gani.

14. Trends na Fasaha

Na'urar tana nuna ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin hasken ƙwaƙƙwaran jiki: ƙara haɗin kai (chips da yawa a cikin kunshi ɗaya), ingantaccen inganci (mafi girma lumens a kowace watt), ƙanƙanta, da ingantaccen dogaro don muhallin da ba su da kyau. Cikakken tsarin binning yana magance buƙatun kasuwa don daidaiton launi a aikace-aikacen haske na ƙwararru. Ci gaba na gaba na iya haɗawa da mafi girman yawan wutar lantarki, haɗaɗɗun masu tuƙi ko kewayawa na sarrafawa a cikin kunshi, har ma da faɗin gamut na launi don aikace-aikacen nuni.