C4516SDWN3S1-RGBC0120-2H Smart Pixel LED Takardar Bayani - Kunshin P-LCC-6 - 5V - Kallon Kusa na 120° - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

C4516SDWN3S1-RGBC0120-2H wani haɗaɗɗen kayan LED ne mai wayo. Yana haɗa jajayen, kore, da shuɗin LED guntu tare da keɓaɓɓen na'urar tuƙi mai tashoshi uku (IC) a cikin kunshin na'urar haɗawa ta saman (SMD) P-LCC-6 guda ɗaya. Wannan haɗin yana sauƙaƙa ƙira ta hanyar kawar da buƙatar kayan tuƙi na waje don kowane tashar launi.

Babban aikin na'urar tuƙi da aka haɗa (wanda ake kira 4516-IC a cikin takardar) shine samar da sarrafa Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) na 8-bit na kowane LED na jajaye (R), kore (G), da shuɗi (B). Wannan yana ba da damar ƙirƙirar launuka miliyan 16.7 (2^24) ta hanyar haɗakar ƙarfi daidai. Ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar sauƙi, yarjejeniyar sadarwar waya ɗaya, yana mai da shi mai tsada sosai kuma mai sauƙin aiwatarwa a cikin ƙira daban-daban na haske.

Kunshin yana da mai nuna haske a ciki kuma an yi shi daga guduro mara launi, yana ba da gudummawa ga faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120. Haɗakar haske daga manyan LED guda uku na launi yana haifar da fitar da farin haske, yana mai da wannan kayan ya dace musamman don hasken baya da aikace-aikacen bututun haske inda ake buƙatar haske mai daidaito, mai faɗi.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Ma'aunin Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a garantin aiki a waje da waɗannan kewayon ba.

• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki (VDD):Matsakaicin 6.5V. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na yau da kullun shine 5V, yana ba da gefen aminci.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (PD):Ƙasa da 400 mW. Wannan yana iyakance jimillar zafin da IC da LED suka haifar tare.
• Fitowar LED na Yanzu (Iout):Matsakaicin 25 mA kowane tashar. An ƙayyade matsakaicin fitar da yanzu a matsayin 20 mA a cikin halayen lantarki.
• Zazzabi na Aiki (Topr):-25°C zuwa +85°C. Wannan yana ayyana kewayon yanayin zafi don aiki mai dogaro.
• Zazzabi na Ajiya (Tstg):-40°C zuwa +90°C.
• Zubar da Lantarki Mai Tsanani (ESD):Yana jure 2000V, yana nuna matakin kariya na sarrafawa.
• Zazzabin Solder:Yana dacewa da hanyoyin da ba su da gubar (Pb-free): Solder reflow IR a 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10, ko solder na hannu a 350°C na matsakaicin dakika 3.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

An auna a Ta=25°C da VDD=5V, waɗannan sigogi suna ayyana aikin fitar da haske.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):
  • Ja (R): 450 mcd (Min) zuwa 1120 mcd (Max). Ana nufin ƙimar yau da kullun a cikin wannan kewayon.
  • Kore (G): 1120 mcd (Min) zuwa 2800 mcd (Max). Kore yawanci shine mafi haske tashar.
  • Shuɗi (B): 280 mcd (Min) zuwa 710 mcd (Max).
  • Hakuri:±11% don ƙarfin haske.
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ1/2):100° (Min), 120° (Yau da kullun), 140° (Max). Faɗin kusurwar yau da kullun na 120° siffa ce mai mahimmanci.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λd):
  • Ja: 618 nm zuwa 630 nm.
  • Kore: 520 nm zuwa 535 nm.
  • Shuɗi: 463 nm zuwa 475 nm.
  • Hakuri:±1 nm.
• Kayan Guntu:Ja yana amfani da AlGaInP, yayin da Kore da Shuɗi ke amfani da InGaN, waɗanda suke daidaitattun don LED masu inganci.

2.3 Halayen Lantarki

Sigogi don haɗaɗɗen na'urar tuƙi IC, an ƙayyade sama da Ta=-20 zuwa +70°C da Vdd=4.5 zuwa 5.5V.

• Fitar da Yanzu (IOL):19 mA (Min), 20 mA (Typ), 21 mA (Max). Wannan shine yanzu na akai-akai da aka samo don kowane LED.
• Matakan Hankali na Shigarwa (don DIN, SET fil):
  • VIH (Matsakaicin ƙarfin shigarwa): Matsakaicin 2.7V.
  • VIL (Ƙananan ƙarfin shigarwa): Matsakaicin 0.3 * Vdd (misali, matsakaicin 1.5V a Vdd=5V).
• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hankali (VH):Yau da kullun 0.35V. Wannan yana ba da kariya daga amo akan fil ɗin shigarwa.
• Rushewar Yanzu Mai Ƙarfi (IDD_dyn):Yau da kullun 2 mA. Wannan shine yanzu na aiki na na'urar tuƙi IC kanta.

3. Yarjejeniyar Sadarwa & Lokaci

Na'urar tana amfani da tsarin sadarwa na waya ɗaya, mara komawa zuwa sifili (NRZ) don karɓar bayanai na 24-bit (8 bits don kowane tashar R, G, B).

3.1 Lokacin Canja Bayanai

An ayyana matakan hankali ta tsawon lokacin bugun jini mai girma a cikin tsayayyen zagayowar lokaci na 1.2 µs.

• Hankali '0':Lokacin ƙarfin lantarki (T0H) = 0.30 µs (±0.15µs), Lokacin ƙaramin lantarki (T0L) = 0.90 µs.
• Hankali '1':Lokacin ƙarfin lantarki (T1H) = 0.90 µs (±0.15µs), Lokacin ƙaramin lantarki (T1L) = 0.30 µs.
• Siginar Sake Saitawa/Kulle:Ƙananan siginar akan fil DIN na fiye da 50 µs (musamman, sama da 250 µs an nuna) yana kulle bayanan 24-bit da aka karɓa cikin rajistar fitarwa, yana sabunta hasken LED.

Ana watsa bayanan MSB (Mafi Mahimmancin Bit) da farko don kowane launi. Jerin don pixel guda ɗaya shine: R[7], R[6], ... R[0], G[7], ... G[0], B[7], ... B[0]. Fil ɗin DOUT yana sake watsa siginar, yana ba da damar haɗa na'urori da yawa cikin sarkar daga layin bayanan mai sarrafawa guda ɗaya.

4. Bayanin Injiniya & Kunshi

4.1 Girman Kunshi da Tsarin Fil

An sanya na'urar a cikin kunshin P-LCC-6 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier). Zanen girma da aka bayar yana nuna ƙafar SMD na yau da kullun. Tsarin fil kamar haka ne:

1. DI (Shigar Bayanai):Shigar da siginar bayanai na sarrafawa.
2. VDD:Tushen wutar lantarki don da'irar sarrafawa / IC (yawanci 5V).
3. Anode (Fil 3 & 4):Waɗannan an haɗa su a ciki. Shigar da wutar lantarki don guntu LED R, G, B. Dole ne a haɗa su zuwa tushen ƙarfin lantarki ta hanyar resistors masu iyakance yanzu masu dacewa.
4. GND (Ƙasa):Gama gari na ƙasa don IC da LED.
5. DOUT (Fitar Bayanai):Fitar da siginar bayanai na sarrafawa don haɗa sarkar zuwa fil DI na na'urar ta gaba.

Bayanan Ƙira Mai Muhimmanci:Takardar bayani ta faɗi a sarari cewa resistors na iyakance yanzu na wajedolea yi amfani da su a jere tare da fil ɗin Anode. Ba tare da su ba, ko da ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na anode zai iya haifar da babban canjin yanzu mai lalata ta cikin LED.

5. Jagororin Solder, Haɗawa & Ajiya

5.1 Yanayin Solder

Kayan yana da Pb-free kuma yana dacewa da solder reflow IR. An ba da shawarar bayanin yanayin zafi mara gubar:

• Dafaffen Kafin:150–200°C na dakika 60–120 (matsakaicin hawan 3°C/sec).
• Reflow:Sama da 217°C na dakika 60–150, tare da matsakaicin zafi bai wuce 260°C ba na matsakaicin dakika 10.
• Sanyaya:Matsakaicin ƙimar saukowa na 6°C/sec.
• Mahimmanci:Kada a yi solder reflow fiye da sau biyu. Kada a yi amfani da damuwa ga kunshin yayin dumama, kuma kada PCB ta karkace bayan solder.

5.2 Hancin Danshi da Ajiya

An kunna na'urar a cikin jakunkuna masu hana danshi tare da desiccant.

• Kafin Buɗewa:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤90% Danshi Dangi (RH). Kada a buɗe jakar har sai an shirya don amfani.
• Bayan Buɗewa (Rayuwar Bene):Dole ne a solder kayan a cikin sa'o'i 24 na buɗe jakar hana danshi.
• Gasasshen:Idan lokacin ajiya ya wuce ko desiccant ya nuna shigar danshi, ana buƙatar maganin gasasshen na 60°C ±5°C na awanni 24 kafin amfani.

6. Kunshi da Oda

Ana samar da samfurin akan tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya mai ƙyalli, wanda aka naɗe a kan reels. Matsakaicin adadin da aka ɗora shine guda 2000 a kowane reel. An ƙera kayan kunshi da tsari don zama masu hana danshi. Labels akan reel sun haɗa da ma'ana na yau da kullun kamar Lambar Samfur (P/N), adadi (QTY), da lambar kuri'a (LOT No.). Takardar bayani kuma tana nufin kwandon don Matsayin Ƙarfin Hasken (CAT), Matsayin Tsawon Tsawon (HUE), da Matsayin Ƙarfin Gaba (REF), yana nuna samfurin na iya kasancewa a cikin matakan aikin da aka riga aka tsara.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Tunani na Ƙira

7.1 Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

• Nunin Bidiyo na LED na Ciki/Waje:Ya dace don nunin cikakken launi mai ƙarancin zuwa matsakaicin ƙuduri, alamar, da allunan saƙo saboda haɗaɗɗen sarrafawa da ikon haɗa sarkar.
• Tsiri LED na Cikakken Launi:Yana ba da damar tsiri LED RGB masu adireshi don kayan ado, gine-gine, da hasken nishaɗi.
• Hasken Kayan Ado na LED:Ya dace don kayan haske masu canza launi, hasken ƙara, da kayan aiki masu hulɗa.
• Hasken Waje na Wasan Caca:Ana iya amfani dashi a cikin hasken akwatin PC, hasken baya na madannai, ko wasu na'urori na gefen wasan caca.
• Bututun Hasken/Hasken Baya:Faɗin kusurwar kallo da haɗakar fitar da farin haske sun sa ya zama ɗan takara mai kyau don aikace-aikacen jagorar haske mai haske gefe ko kai tsaye.

7.2 Tunani Mai Muhimmanci na Ƙira

1. Resistors Masu Iyakance Yanzu:Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin kayan waje. Dole ne a sanya resistors a jere tare da wadataccen Anode don kowane tashar launi (ko resistor gama gari idan ana amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki guda ɗaya don duk launuka) don saita matsakaicin yanzu da kare LED. Dole ne a ƙididdige ƙimar bisa ga ƙarfin wutar lantarki na Anode (V_anode), ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na LED (Vf, wanda aka ƙiyasta daga lanƙwasa na yau da kullun), da yanzu da ake so (I, yawanci 20mA). R = (V_anode - Vf) / I.
2. Rage Haɗin Wutar Lantarki:Ya kamata a sanya capacitor na bypass (misali, 0.1µF) kusa da fil VDD don daidaita wadataccen wutar lantarki na IC da tace amo.
3. Ingancin Layin Bayanai:Don dogayen sarkoki ko a cikin yanayi mai amo na lantarki, yi la'akari da ƙara ƙaramin resistor na jere (misali, 100Ω) a wurin fitarwa na mai sarrafawa da/ko resistor mai ja sama akan layin bayanai don tabbatar da gefuna siginar masu tsabta.
4. Gudanar da Zafin Jiki:Duk da kunshin yana da ƙarancin wutar lantarki, yanayin zafi mai girma ko tuƙi duk LED guda uku a matsakaicin haske lokaci ɗaya na iya kusanci iyakar rushewar wutar lantarki. Tabbatar da isasshen jan ƙarfe na PCB ko dumama idan an yi amfani da shi a cikin tsararrun yawa mai yawa.
5. Yin Biyayya ga Lokaci:Dole ne microcontroller ko direba da ke samar da siginar bayanai su bi ƙa'idodin T0H, T1H, da lokacin sake saiti daidai don tabbatar da sadarwa mai dogaro.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambanci

C4516SDWN3S1 yana haɗa direba da LED, wanda ya bambanta shi da mafita daban-daban (LED daban + na'urar tuƙi IC na waje). Manyan fa'idodi sun haɗa da:

• Sauƙaƙa Ƙira:Yana rage adadin kayan, ƙafar PCB, da rikitarwar haɗawa.
• Sarrafa Waya ɗaya:Yana rage yawan wayoyi, musamman a cikin tsararrun pixel da yawa, idan aka kwatanta da mafita masu buƙatar layin agogo da bayanai daban-daban (misali, SPI).
• Siffar Haɗaɗɗe:P-LCC-6 wani kunshi ne na SMD na gama gari, mai sauƙin haɗawa.
• Faɗin Kusurwar Kallo:Kusurwar 120° ta fi yawancin LED masu ƙunƙuntaccen katako, yana da amfani ga aikace-aikacen haske mai watsewa.
• Iyakataccen Iyakoki:Haɗin yana nufin aikin LED (tsawon tsayi, ƙarfi) an daidaita shi zuwa kwandon da aka zaɓa. Matsakaicin fitar da yanzu kowane tashar (25mA) ya dace da manufa na nuni da ado amma yana iya zama ƙasa da manyan LED daban-daban.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

9.1 Nawa daga cikin waɗannan LED ɗin zan iya haɗa su cikin sarkar?

A ka'ida, adadi mai yawa, an iyakance da farko ta hanyar ƙimar sabunta bayanai. Kowane pixel yana buƙatar bayanai na 24 bits. An ƙayyade ƙimar bayanai ta hanyar 1.2 µs kowane lokacin bit. Don sabunta sarkar N pixel, kuna buƙatar (24 * N) bits tare da bugun sake saiti na ƙarshe (>50 µs). Don ƙimar sabunta 30 Hz, zaku iya haɗa ɗaruruwan pixel. Iyakar aiki an saita ta hanyar ingancin siginar da rarraba wutar lantarki akan dogayen sarkoki.

9.2 Me ya sa resistors na waje suke da mahimmanci sosai?

Haɗaɗɗen na'urar tuƙi IC yana ba da yanzu na akai-akainutsewaa gefen cathode na kowane LED (an haɗa shi a ciki). Duk da haka, an saita ƙimar yanzu ta hanyar bambancin ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin fil Anode (wanda aka samar daga waje) da tunanin ciki na IC. Ba tare da resistor na jere ba, ƙarfin lantarki na Anode kai tsaye yana saita yanzu. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na LED (Vf) yana da ƙimar zafi mara kyau (yana raguwa yayin da LED ke dumama). Ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin wadataccen wutar lantarki ko raguwa a cikin Vf saboda dumama zai iya haifar da ƙaruwar yanzu mara iyaka, yana haifar da gazawar sauri. Resistor yana ba da ra'ayi mara kyau, yana daidaita yanzu.

9.3 Zan iya amfani da microcontroller na 3.3V don sarrafa fil DIN?

Mai yiwuwa, amma da taka tsantsan. VIH mafi ƙanƙanta shine 2.7V. Babban hankali na 3.3V (~3.3V) ya cika wannan ƙayyadaddun. Duk da haka, an rage gefuna amo. Yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da siginar masu tsabta. Idan zai yiwu, ana ba da shawarar amfani da microcontroller na 5V ko mai canza matakin don aiki mai ƙarfi.

9.4 Menene manufar fil SET da aka ambata a cikin halayen lantarki?

Duk da yake babban fil ɗin bayanai shine DIN, tunanin fil SET a cikin ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin shigarwa yana nuna cewa akwai ƙarin fil don saiti (misali, saita haske na duniya ko yanayi). Babban bayanin fil kawai ya lissafa DI, VDD, Anode, GND, DOUT. Masu ƙira ya kamata su tuntubi mafi cikakken sigar takardar bayani na na'urar tuƙi IC don bayani kan aikin fil idan fil SET yana kan wani bambance-bambancen musamman.

10. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Na'urar tana aiki akan ka'idar rajistar motsi mai sauƙi, mai sauƙi, tare da haɗa nutsewar yanzu na akai-akai. Ana shigar da jerin bayanan 24-bit cikin rajistar motsi ta ciki ta hanyar lokaci akan fil DI. Kowane bit yayi daidai da yanayin kunna/kashe da ake so don takamaiman lokaci a cikin zagayowar PWM don tashar launi ɗaya. Da zarar an karɓi dukan firam ɗin 24-bit, dogon siginar ƙasa (sake saiti) yana kulle waɗannan bayanan cikin saitin rajista na biyu wanda ke sarrafa nutsewar yanzu na fitarwa kai tsaye. Waɗannan nutsewar yanzu sai su kunna don ɗan guntun kowane lokacin PWM daidai da ƙimar 8-bit don kowane launi, yana haifar da haske da launi da ake gani. Fil ɗin DOUT yana ba da bayanan da aka canza daga rajistar ciki, yana ba da damar cascade.

11. Trends na Ci gaba da Mahallin

Na'urori kamar C4516SDWN3S1 suna wakiltar wani balagagge kuma an inganta farashi na kasuwar LED mai adireshi. Trends na fasaha a wannan yanki sun haɗa da:

• Haɗin Kai Mafi Girma:Matsawa zuwa direbobi waɗanda ke sarrafa ƙarin tashoshi (misali, RGBW mai tashoshi 4) ko haɗa ƙarin ayyuka kamar gyaran gamma da watsewa kuskure a cikin IC.
• Ingantattun Yarjejeniyoyin Sadarwa:Duk da yake waya ɗaya yana da sauƙi, sabbin yarjejeniyoyi suna ba da ƙimar bayanai mafi girma (kamar WS2812B's 800kHz) ko ingantaccen kariya daga amo (siginar bambanci, kamar a cikin manyan allunan LED).
• Zurfin Bit Mafi Girma:Ci gaba daga 8-bit (matakan 256) zuwa 10-bit, 12-bit, ko ma 16-bit PWM kowane tashar don gradients launi mai santsi da babban kewayon aiki a cikin haske na ƙwararru.
• Ingantaccen Aikin Zafin Jiki da Lantarki:Ƙira tare da ƙananan faɗuwar wutar lantarki, inganci mafi girma, da mafi kyawun hanyoyin zafin jiki don ba da damar mafi girma haske mai dorewa.
• Daidaituwa:Girma na ƙa'idodin yarjejeniyoyin dijital na masana'antu (misali, DMX, Art-Net) suna haɗuwa da waɗannan direbobin pixel don manyan shigarwa.

Wannan kayan yana zaune da ƙarfi a cikin babban al'adar LED RGB masu adireshi masu rahusa, yana daidaita aiki, sauƙi, da farashi yadda ya kamata don aikace-aikacen mabukaci da na kasuwanci da yawa.