Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
1. Bayanin Samfur
LTC-5653KF wani babban na'ura ne mai lambobi hudu, bakwai-sashe na LED display module wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karanta lambobi a sarari. Babban aikinsa shine samar da nuni mai haske, mai iya karantawa don kayan aikin ma'auni, bangarorin sarrafawa, kayan gwaji, da na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci inda gabatar da bayanan lambobi ke da muhimmanci.
Babban fa'idar wannan na'urar yana cikin amfani da ci-gaban fasahar semiconductor na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don guntu masu fitar da haske. Wannan tsarin kayan sananne ne saboda ingantaccen inganci da tsaftar launi a cikin bakan ja zuwa rawaya-orange. Nuni yana da fuskar launin toka tare da alamun sassa fari, wanda ke haɓaka bambanci da iya karantawa sosai lokacin da sassan suka haskaka, musamman a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban.
Kasuwar da aka yi niyya don wannan sashi ta haɗa da sarrafa masana'antu, kayan aikin likita, ƙananan nunin dashboard na mota, tashoshin siyarwa, da kayan aikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Ɗaukinsa ya fifita aminci, dogon rayuwar aiki, da kuma daidaitaccen aikin gani, yana mai da shi dacewa da aikace-aikacen kasuwanci da na masana'antu.
2. Zurfin Fassarar Maƙasudin Sigogin Fasaha
2.1 Halayen Photometric da na Gani
Ana ayyana aikin gani a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji a yanayin zafin muhalli (TA) na 25\u00b0C. Maɓallan sigogi sune:
- Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken (IV):Wannan shine ma'aunin ƙarfin hasken da sashe ke fitarwa. Ƙimar al'ada ita ce 2222 \u00b5cd (microcandelas) lokacin da aka tuƙa shi a cikin gudun gaba (IF) na 1mA. Mafi ƙarancin ƙimar da aka tabbatar shine 800 \u00b5cd. Wannan babban haske yana tabbatar da ganuwa daga nesa da kuma a cikin wuraren da aka haskaka.
- Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Watsawa (\u03bbp):Tsawon zango inda bakan watsawa ya kai matsakaicin ƙarfinsa. Ga wannan na'urar Yellow Orange, ƙimar al'ada ita ce 611 nm (nanometers). Wannan sigogi yana ayyana babban wurin launi na hasken da aka fitar.
- Tsawon Zango Mai Girma (\u03bbd):Wannan shine 605 nm, wanda shine fahimtar tsawon zango guda ɗaya na launin da ya fi dacewa da ainihin fitarwar launi na LED. Ya ɗan bambanta da tsayin zango saboda siffar lanƙwan hankalin ido na bakan.
- Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (\u0394\u03bb):Wannan shine 17 nm, yana nuna tsaftar bakan hasken. Ƙuntataccen rabin faɗi yana nufin launi mai cikakkiya, tsafta. Wannan ƙimar ta al'ada ce don fasahar AlInGaP kuma tana ba da gudummawa ga launin rawaya-orange na musamman.
- Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Hasken:An ƙayyade shi azaman 2:1 matsakaicin don yankuna masu haske iri ɗaya. Wannan yana nufin bambancin haske tsakanin kowane sashe biyu na lamba ɗaya bai kamata ya wuce sau biyu ba, yana tabbatar da kamanni iri ɗaya a cikin nuni.
2.2 Sigogin Lantarki
Halayen lantarki suna ayyana iyakokin aiki da yanayi don amintaccen amfani.
- Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba kowane Sashe (VF):Yawanci 2.6V a IF=20mA, tare da matsakaicin 2.6V. Wannan shine faɗuwar wutar lantarki a kan sashen LED lokacin da yake gudanar da wutar lantarki. Dole ne masu ƙira su tabbatar da da'irar tuƙi na iya samar da isasshen wutar lantarki don shawo kan wannan faɗuwar.
- Ci gaba da Gudun Gaba kowane Sashe (IF):Matsakaicin shawarar DC na yau da kullun don ci gaba da aiki shine 25 mA. Wucewa wannan ƙimar na iya haifar da haɓakar lalacewa da rage tsawon rayuwa.
- Matsakaicin Gudun Gaba kowane Sashe:Ana ba da izinin mafi girman wutar lantarki na 90 mA a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, 0.1ms faɗin bugun jini). Wannan yana da amfani ga tsare-tsaren haɗakarwa inda ake buƙatar mafi girman haske na nan take.
- Ƙarfin Wutar Baya (VR):Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya da aka yarda shine 5V. Wucewa wannan na iya haifar da gazawar nan take kuma mai lalata na mahaɗin LED.
- Gudun Baya (IR):Yawanci ƙasa da 100 \u00b5A a matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya na 5V, yana nuna ingantaccen ingancin mahaɗi.
- Rushewar Wutar Lantarki kowane Sashe:An iyakance shi zuwa 70 mW. Ana ƙididdige wannan kamar VF* IF. Yin aiki a cikin wannan iyaka yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa zafi.
2.3 Ƙimar Zafi da Muhalli
- Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-35\u00b0C zuwa +105\u00b0C. Wannan faɗin kewayon yana sa nuni ya dace da mawuyacin yanayi, daga sanyi mai daskarewa zuwa saitunan masana'antu masu zafi.
- Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-35\u00b0C zuwa +105\u00b0C.
- Rage Gudun Wutar Lantarki:Dole ne a rage gudun wutar lantarki na gaba na yau da kullun daga 25 mA a 25\u00b0C. Wannan yana nufin yayin da yanayin zafi ya tashi sama da 25\u00b0C, dole ne a rage matsakaicin gudun wutar lantarki na yau da kullun da aka yarda don hana yin zafi sosai. Ma'aunin ragewa shine 0.28 mA/\u00b0C.
3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning
Yayin da takardar bayanan da aka bayar ba ta bayyana dalla-dalla tsarin binning mai matakai da yawa don sigogi kamar tsawon zango ko ƙarfi ba, tana ƙayyadaddun ƙuntataccen kewayon don mahimman halayen gani. Ƙimar al'ada don tsayin zango (611 nm) da tsayin zango mai girma (605 nm) suna nuna tsarin ƙira mai sarrafawa. Ƙarfin hasken yana da ƙayyadaddun mafi ƙanƙanta (800 \u00b5cd) da ƙimar al'ada (2222 \u00b5cd), yana nuna cewa ana tantance na'urori don cika mafi ƙarancin ƙimar aiki. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar mafi ƙarancin daidaitawar launi ko haske, masu amfani yakamata su tuntubi masana'anta don zaɓuɓɓukan binning na musamman ko zaɓi na'urori daga rukunin samarwa ɗaya.
4. Bincike na Lanƙwan Aiki
Takardar bayanan tana nuni zuwa lanƙwan halaye na al'ada, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba daidai ba. Ko da yake ba a ba da takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutun ba, lanƙwan LED na yau da kullun zai haɗa da:
- Lanƙwan I-V (Gudun Wutar Lantarki-Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki):Yana nuna alaƙa tsakanin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba da gudun wutar lantarki na gaba. Ba layi ne ba, tare da haɓakar wutar lantarki da sauri da zarar ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba ya wuce kofa na mahaɗi (kusan 2V don AlInGaP).
- Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Gudun Wutar Lantarki na Gaba:Wannan lanƙwan yana nuna cewa fitarwar haske yana ƙaruwa tare da wutar lantarki amma yana iya zama ƙasa da layi a manyan wutar lantarki saboda zafi da raguwar inganci.
- Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Zafin Muhalli:Ga LED na AlInGaP, fitarwar haske gabaɗaya yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru. Wannan lanƙwan yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar tsarin da ke aiki a cikin cikakken kewayon zafin jiki.
- Rarraba Bakan:Jadawali na matsakaicin ƙarfi da tsayin zango, yana nuna kololuwa kusan 611 nm tare da faɗin halaye (\u0394\u03bb) na 17 nm.
Ya kamata masu ƙira su yi amfani da waɗannan lanƙwan don ƙayyade madaidaitan gudun wutar lantarki don hasken da ake so a yanayin zafi daban-daban da kuma fahimtar buƙatun wutar lantarki na da'irar tuƙi.
5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin
Na'urar wani sashi ne mai rami tare da daidaitaccen kunshin layi biyu mai fil 12.
- Tsawon Lamba:0.56 inches (14.22 mm). Wannan yana ayyana girman kowane harafi na lambobi.
- Girman Kunshin:An ba da duk girma a cikin millimeters. Matsakaicin jurewa don girma na injiniya shine \u00b10.25 mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade. Wani takamaiman bayanin kula yana ambaton matsakaicin jurewar canjin ƙarshen fil na +0.4 mm, wanda ke da mahimmanci don sanya rami na PCB da hanyoyin siyar da igiyar ruwa.
- Gano Polariti:Na'urar tana amfani da tsarin anode gama gari. Jadawalin da'irar ciki (wanda aka ambata amma ba a nuna ba) zai yi cikakken bayani game da yadda aka haɗa anodes na duk sassa na kowane lamba tare a ciki, da kuma yadda aka fitar da cathodes na sassa ɗaya zuwa fil ɗin daban. Wannan tsari ya zama ruwan dare don tuƙi masu yawa.
- Haɗin Fil:An ayyana filout a sarari: Fil 6, 8, 9, da 12 sune anodes gama gari don lambobi 4, 3, 2, da 1, bi da bi. Sauran fil ɗin sune cathodes na takamaiman sassa (A-G da DP) na lamba 1. Don cikakkiyar nuni mai lamba hudu, ana yiwuwa an haɗa cathodes na sassa a cikin lambobi (misali, duk sassan 'A' suna raba filin cathode), cikakken bayani wanda za a tabbatar da shi a cikin jadawalin da'irar ciki.
6. Jagororin Siyarwa da Taro
Takardar bayanan tana ba da takamaiman yanayin siyarwa don hana lalacewa yayin taro.
- Siyarwar Igwa ko Hannu:Shawarar yanayin shine a siyar a 260\u00b0C na matsakaicin dakika 3, tare da ƙarshen ƙarfe na siyarwa aƙalla 1/16 inch (kusan 1.6 mm) a ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na jikin kunshin. Wannan yana hana wuce gona da iri na zafi daga tafiya sama da jagororin da lalata guntu na LED na ciki da haɗin waya.
- Gabaɗayan Tsari:Zafin na'urar LED kanta yayin tsarin taro bai kamata ya wuce matsakaicin ƙimar zafinsa (105\u00b0C aiki, mai yiwuwa iri ɗaya don ɗan gajeren lokaci yayin siyarwa).
- Yanayin Ajiya:Ya kamata a adana na'urori a cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon zafin ajiya (-35\u00b0C zuwa +105\u00b0C) a cikin yanayi mai bushewa. Ya kamata a adana na'urori masu hankali ga danshi a cikin jakunkuna masu rufewa tare da busassun abu har sai an yi amfani da su.
7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda
Babban lambar sashi na na'urar shine LTC-5653KF. Wannan lambar tana ɓoye mahimman halaye: mai yiwuwa jerin (LTC), girma/nau'i (5653), da launi/fasali (KF don Yellow Orange tare da goma na hannun dama). Takardar bayanan ba ta ƙayyade cikakkun bayanan kunshin (misali, adadin bututu, tire, ko reel). Don samarwa, dole ne masu amfani su tuntuɓi mai kayan don zaɓuɓɓukan kunshin na musamman, girman reel, da ƙayyadaddun tef ɗin da suka dace da kayan aikin sanya kai ta atomatik.
8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikacen Al'ada
- Lokaci da Ƙidaya na Masana'antu:Don nuna lokutan aiwatarwa, ƙididdigar samarwa, ko aikin injin.
- Kayan Aikin Gwaji da Ma'auni:Mita masu yawa na dijital, ƙididdigar mitar, wadatar wutar lantarki, da karatun firikwensin.
- Kayan Aikin Mabukaci:Firiji, injunan wanki, masu ƙara ƙarar sauti (don matakin ƙara ko mitar tashar).
- Nunin Bayan Kasuwanci na Motoci:Ma'auni don ƙarfin wutar lantarki, zafin jiki, ko RPM a cikin shigarwa na al'ada.
8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira
- Da'irar Tuƙi:Sakamakon tsarin anode gama gari, ana buƙatar dacewar IC mai tuƙi (kamar mai rarraba/tuki na sassa bakwai ko microcontroller tare da isasshen ikon samar da wutar lantarki). Ana kunna anodes zuwa Vcc, yayin da ake jawo cathodes ƙasa don kunna sashe.
- Iyakance Wutar Lantarki:Masu jure wutar lantarki na waje wajibi ne ga kowane layin cathode (ko mai yiwuwa ga kowane anode gama gari a cikin tsarin haɗakarwa) don saita gudun wutar lantarki na gaba zuwa ƙimar aminci (misali, 10-20 mA). Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor kamar R = (Vwadata- VF) / IF.
- Haɗakarwa:Don nuni mai lamba 4, kusan koyaushe ana amfani da haɗakarwa don rage adadin fil akan mai sarrafawa. Wannan ya haɗa da saurin zagayawa wutar lantarki ga kowane anode gama gari na lamba yayin gabatar da bayanan sashe na wannan lamba akan layukan cathode gama gari. Dagewar hangen nesa yana haifar da tunanin cewa duk lambobi suna kan lokaci guda. Matsakaicin ƙimar wutar lantarki (90 mA) yana ba da izinin mafi girman wutar lantarki na nan take yayin ɗan gajeren bugun haɗakarwa don cimma matsakaicin haske.
- Kusurwar Dubawa:Faɗin kusurwar dubawa yana da amfani ga aikace-aikacen inda za a iya kallon nuni daga gefe.
9. Kwatancin Fasaha
Bambance-bambancen farko na LTC-5653KF yana cikin fasahar AlInGaP da takamaiman siffar injiniya.
- vs. Daidaitattun LED na GaP ko GaAsP:AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen inganci mai haske da mafi kyawun jikewa launi a cikin bakan ja-orange-rawaya, yana haifar da nunin haske mai haske tare da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki don irin wannan hasken da aka gane.
- vs. Nunin SMD (Na'urar Mount Surface):Wannan sashi ne mai rami. Idan aka kwatanta da nunin sassa bakwai na SMD, yana da sauƙin yin samfuri tare da shi kuma ana iya ganin shi a matsayin mafi ƙarfi ga wasu aikace-aikace, amma yana buƙatar ƙarin sararin PCB da siyarwa ta hannu ko igwa.
- vs. Sauran Launuka:Launin Yellow Orange (605-611 nm) yana ba da kyakkyawan kyan gani kuma yana iya zama mai sauƙi a kan idanu a cikin yanayi mara haske idan aka kwatanta da nunin ja mai haske ko kore, yayin da yake ci gaba da kiyaye babban ganuwa.
10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogin Fasaha)- Q: Menene manufar "fuskar toka da sassa fari" da aka ambata a cikin bayanin?
A: Wannan tacewa ce ta kyan gani. Fuskar toka tana rage yawan hasken yankin nuni mara aiki, yana inganta bambanci. Alamun sassa fari suna taimakawa watsa hasken rawaya-orange da aka fitar daidai a kan sashe lokacin da aka haskaka, yana haifar da kamanni iri ɗaya. - Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan nuni kai tsaye daga filin microcontroller na 5V?
A: A'a, ba kai tsaye ba. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba kusan 2.6V ne, don haka siginar 5V na iya ƙone LED saboda wutar lantarki mai yawa. Dole ne ka yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki a jere tare da kowane cathode. Bugu da ƙari, filin microcontroller yawanci ba zai iya samarwa ko nutse isasshen wutar lantarki don sassa da yawa ba. Yawanci ana buƙatar IC mai tuƙi ko jerin transistor. - Q: Matsakaicin gudun wutar lantarki na yau da kullun shine 25mA, amma yanayin gwaji don VFyana amfani da 20mA. Wanne yakamata in yi amfani da shi don ƙira?
A: Don amintaccen aiki na dogon lokaci, al'ada ce don ƙira don wutar lantarki ƙasa da matsakaicin matsakaici. Yin amfani da 20mA kamar yadda aka ƙayyade a cikin yanayin gwaji wuri ne mai aminci kuma na gama gari. Kuna iya amfani da ƙananan wutar lantarki (misali, 10-15 mA) don ƙara tsawon rayuwa da rage amfani da wutar lantarki idan haske ya isa. - Q: Menene ma'anar "Anode Gama Gari" ga ƙirar da'irata?
A: A cikin nuni na anode gama gari, duk anodes na LED a cikin lamba an haɗa su tare zuwa fil guda. Don haskaka sashe, kuna haɗa filin cathodes ɗinsa zuwa ƙaramin wutar lantarki (ƙasa) yayin da kuke amfani da babban wutar lantarki (Vcc) ga filin anode gama gari. Wannan shine akasin nuni na cathode gama gari.
11. Yanayin Amfani na Aiki
A: Wannan tacewa ce ta kyan gani. Fuskar toka tana rage yawan hasken yankin nuni mara aiki, yana inganta bambanci. Alamun sassa fari suna taimakawa watsa hasken rawaya-orange da aka fitar daidai a kan sashe lokacin da aka haskaka, yana haifar da kamanni iri ɗaya.
A: A'a, ba kai tsaye ba. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba kusan 2.6V ne, don haka siginar 5V na iya ƙone LED saboda wutar lantarki mai yawa. Dole ne ka yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki a jere tare da kowane cathode. Bugu da ƙari, filin microcontroller yawanci ba zai iya samarwa ko nutse isasshen wutar lantarki don sassa da yawa ba. Yawanci ana buƙatar IC mai tuƙi ko jerin transistor.
A: Don amintaccen aiki na dogon lokaci, al'ada ce don ƙira don wutar lantarki ƙasa da matsakaicin matsakaici. Yin amfani da 20mA kamar yadda aka ƙayyade a cikin yanayin gwaji wuri ne mai aminci kuma na gama gari. Kuna iya amfani da ƙananan wutar lantarki (misali, 10-15 mA) don ƙara tsawon rayuwa da rage amfani da wutar lantarki idan haske ya isa.
A: A cikin nuni na anode gama gari, duk anodes na LED a cikin lamba an haɗa su tare zuwa fil guda. Don haskaka sashe, kuna haɗa filin cathodes ɗinsa zuwa ƙaramin wutar lantarki (ƙasa) yayin da kuke amfani da babban wutar lantarki (Vcc) ga filin anode gama gari. Wannan shine akasin nuni na cathode gama gari.
Ƙirar Karatun Voltmeter Mai Sauti 4:Microcontroller tare da mai canza dijital-analog (ADC) yana auna ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Firmware yana canza wannan ƙimar zuwa lambobi hudu don nunawa. Microcontroller, ba shi da isassun fil ɗin I/O don tuƙa sassa 28 guda ɗaya (sassa 7 x lambobi 4), yana amfani da tsarin haɗakarwa tare da IC mai tuƙi. Abubuwan da IC mai tuƙi ke fitarwa suna haɗawa da cathodes na sassa (A-G, DP) na LTC-5653KF. Hudu daga cikin fil ɗin I/O na microcontroller, kowanne an haɗa shi ta hanyar transistor mai samar da wutar lantarki, yana sarrafa fil ɗin anode gama gari huɗu (Lambobi 1-4). Firmware yana saurin jeri ta cikin lambobi: yana kunna transistor don anode na Lamba 1, yana aika tsarin sashe na lamba ta farko zuwa IC mai tuƙi, yana jira ɗan gajeren lokaci (misali, 2ms), sannan ya kashe Lamba 1 ya maimaita don Lamba 2, da sauransu. An sanya masu jure wutar lantarki akan layukan cathode tsakanin IC mai tuƙi da nuni. Launin rawaya-orange yana ba da ganuwa a sarari akan bangon kayan aikin.
12. Gabatarwar Ka'ida
Nuni mai sassa bakwai tarin diodes masu fitar da haske (LED) ne wanda aka tsara a cikin tsarin adadi takwas. Kowane sashe bakwai (mai lakabi A zuwa G) LED ne na mutum. Ana haɗa ƙarin LED sau da yawa don maki goma (DP). Ta hanyar haskaka takamaiman haɗuɗɗun waɗannan sassa, ana iya samar da duk lambobin lambobi (0-9) da wasu haruffa. A cikin nuni mai lamba hudu kamar LTC-5653KF, an sanya irin waɗannan tarin lambobi huɗu a cikin kunshi ɗaya. Haɗin lantarki na ciki na iya zama ko dai anode gama gari (duk anodes an haɗa su) ko cathode gama gari (duk cathodes an haɗa su), wanda ke ƙayyade buƙatun topology na da'irar tuƙi. Ka'idar fitar da haske ita ce electroluminescence a cikin mahaɗin p-n semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi wa gaba, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki (AlInGaP Layer), suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman abun da ke ciki (Al, In, Ga, P) yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap don haka tsayin zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar.
13. Trends na Ci Gaba
Juyin halittar nunin lambobi kamar LTC-5653KF yana tasiri ta manyan trends a cikin optoelectronics. Yayin da rami, rarrabuwar sassa bakwai na modules ke ci gaba da kasancewa masu dacewa don takamaiman aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarfi ko sauƙin yin hidima, gabaɗayan yanayin shine zuwa fasahar mount na saman (SMT) don mafi girman yawa da haɗin kai ta atomatik. Bugu da ƙari, akwai sauyi a hankali daga rarrabuwar nunin sassan LED zuwa haɗakar nunin matrix-dot ko ma ƙananan bangarorin OLED ko TFT-LCD, waɗanda ke ba da mafi girman sassauci a cikin nuna lambobi, haruffa, alamomi, da zane-zane masu sauƙi. Koyaya, don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar matsanancin haske, dogon rayuwa, sauƙi, da ƙarancin farashi don fitarwar lambobi kawai, nunin LED na tushen AlInGaP kamar wannan suna ci gaba da zama ingantaccen mafita kuma mai aminci. Juzu'i na gaba na iya ganin haɓaka a cikin inganci, yana ba da damar ƙarin rage amfani da wutar lantarki, ko haɗa na'urorin lantarki masu tuƙi a cikin kunshin nuni kanta.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |