Takardar Bayanin Fasaha ta LTS-360KR LED - Tsawon Lamba 0.36-inch - Launi Super Red - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 2.6V - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTS-360KR nuni ne na lamba guda, mai sassa bakwai, wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karanta lambobi a fili da haske. Babban aikinsa shine samar da sakamako na gani mai sauƙin karantawa don kayan aikin dijital, na'urorin lantarki na gida, kwamfutocin sarrafa masana'antu, da kayan gwaji. Na'urar tana amfani da fasahar LED ta AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) mai ci gaba, wacce aka girma akan tushen GaAs, wacce aka sani da samar da hasken ja mai inganci. Wannan tsarin kayan musamman yana ba da damar nuni ya cimma mafi girman haske da tsaftar launi idan aka kwatanta da tsoffin fasahohin LED.

Babban fa'idodin wannan na'urar nuni sun haɗa da kyakkyawan bayyanar haruffa, wanda aka cimma ta hanyar sassa masu ci gaba daidai waɗanda ke samar da lambobi masu santsi da ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Yana ba da babban haske da babban bambanci a kan fuskar sa mai launin toka, yana tabbatar da iya karantawa ko da a cikin wurare masu haske. Faɗin kusurwar kallo wata muhimmiyar fa'ida ce, wacce ke ba da damar karanta nuni daga matsayi daban-daban. Bugu da ƙari, an rarraba na'urar don ƙarfin haske, ma'ana ana gwada raka'o'in kuma ana gwada su don cika takamaiman ma'auni na haske, yana ba da daidaito a cikin rukunin samarwa. Kunshin kuma ba shi da gubar, yana bin umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa masu haɗari), yana sa ya dace da masana'antar kera lantarki na zamani.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Hoto da na Gani

Aikin gani shine tsakiyar aikin nuni. Ana auna mahimman sigogi a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C.

• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):Wannan sigogi yana ayyana hasken da ake gani na sassan da aka kunna. Ƙimar ta na yau da kullun ita ce 975 µcd (microcandelas) lokacin da aka tuƙa shi da kwararar gaba (IF) na 1mA. Mafi ƙarancin ƙimar da aka ƙayyade ita ce 320 µcd. Wannan babban ƙarfin yana tabbatar da cewa nuni yana iya gani cikin sauƙi.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Watsawa (λp):Tsawon zango wanda LED ke fitar da mafi girman ƙarfin gani. Ga LTS-360KR, wannan yawanci shine 639 nanometers (nm) a IF=20mA, yana sanya shi cikin yankin ja na bakan gani.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (λd):Wannan shine 631 nm a IF=20mA. Yana wakiltar tsawon zango guda wanda ya fi dacewa da launin da idon ɗan adam ke gani na LED, wanda shine super red mai raɗaɗi.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):Wannan yana kusan 20 nm, yana nuna tsaftar bakan ko kunkuntar rukunin hasken da aka fitar. Ƙaramin ƙima yana nuna mafi yawan tushen haske mai launi ɗaya.
• Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv-m):Wannan rabo, wanda aka ƙayyade a matsayin 2:1 matsakaici, yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin sassa daban-daban na lambar. Yana nufin mafi haske bai zama fiye da sau biyu mafi duhu ba a ƙarƙashin yanayi ɗaya, yana samar da bayyanar daidai.

Duk ma'aunin ƙarfin haske ana yin su ta amfani da haɗin firikwensin da tacewa wanda ya kusanci lanƙwaran amsawar ido na CIE photopic, yana tabbatar da cewa bayanan suna da alaƙa da hangen nesa na ɗan adam.

2.2 Lantarki da Matsakaicin Matsayin Cikakke

Bin waɗannan ƙimar yana da mahimmanci don aiki mai dogaro da hana lalacewar na'urar ta dindindin.

• Ci gaba da Kwararar Gaba kowane Sashi:Matsakaicin kwararar DC mai ci gaba da aka ba da shawarar don kowane sashin LED shine 25 mA. Wuce wannan na iya haifar da lalacewa cikin sauri ko gazawa.
• Kololuwar Kwararar Gaba kowane Sashi:Don aikin bugun jini, ana iya yarda da mafi girman kwarara. Na'urar na iya ɗaukar kololuwar kwarara na 90 mA kowane sashi a ƙarƙashin takamaiman sharuɗɗa: mitar 1 kHz da cikakken aiki na 10%.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki kowane Sashi:Matsakaicin wutar lantarki da sashin ɗaya zai iya rushewa shine 70 mW. Ana ƙididdige wannan kamar Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (VF) wanda aka ninka da Kwararar Gaba (IF).
• Rage Ƙimar Kwararar Gaba:Dole ne a rage matsakaicin kwararar gaba mai ci gaba sama da 25°C. Matsakaicin rage ƙimar shine 0.33 mA kowane digiri Celsius. Misali, a 85°C, matsakaicin kwararar ci gaba da aka yarda zai kasance kusan 25 mA - ((85-25) * 0.33 mA) ≈ 5.2 mA.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba kowane Sashi (VF):Yawanci 2.6V tare da matsakaicin 2.6V lokacin IF=10mA. Mafi ƙarancin shine 2.1V. Wannan sigogi yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance kwarara.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Juya (VR):Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar juya da za a iya amfani da shi a kan sashi shine 5V. Wuce wannan na iya haifar da rushewa da lalata LED.
• Kwararar Juya (IR):Kwararar ɓarna lokacin da aka yi amfani da matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar juya na 5V yawanci shine 100 µA ko ƙasa da haka.

2.3 Sigogi na Zafi da Muhalli

• Kewayon Zafin Aiki:An tsara nuni don yin aiki mai dogaro a cikin yanayin zafi daga -35°C zuwa +85°C.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:Ana iya adana na'urar ba tare da aiki ba a cikin yanayin zafi daga -35°C zuwa +85°C.
• Zafin Solder:Yayin haɗawa, na'urar na iya jure zafin solder na 260°C na tsawon dakika 5, wanda aka auna 1/16 inch (kusan 1.6 mm) ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na kunshin. Wannan buƙatu ce ta yau da kullun don tsarin solder na igiyar ruwa ko sake kwarara.

3. Tsarin Rarrabawa da Rarrabuwa

Takardar bayanin ta bayyana a sarari cewa na'uraran rarraba ta don ƙarfin haske. Wannan wani muhimmin al'amari ne na ingancin sarrafawa da ƙira. A cikin masana'antar LED, akwai bambance-bambance na halitta a cikin fitarwa ko da a cikin rukunin samarwa ɗaya. Rarrabawa shine tsarin rarraba LED bisa takamaiman ma'auni bayan samarwa. Ga LTS-360KR, babban ma'aunin rarrabawa shine ƙarfinsa na haske (Iv). Ta hanyar siyan sassa masu rarrabawa, masu ƙira suna tabbatar da cewa duk nunin da ke cikin samfurinsu suna da matakin haske iri ɗaya, suna guje wa bambance-bambance da ake iya gani tsakanin raka'o'i. Yayin da takardar bayanin ke ba da kewayon min/typ/max (320-975 µcd), masana'antu yawanci suna ba da waɗannan sassa a cikin ƙaƙƙarfan rukunoni, waɗanda aka ƙayyade a baya (misali, 800-900 µcd, 900-1000 µcd). Masu ƙira yakamata su tuntubi masu samarwa don lambobin kwandon da ake samu don ƙayyade daidaiton haske da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacensu.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da ba a cikakken bayyana takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, jadawalin aiki na yau da kullun don irin wannan na'urar zai haɗa da waɗannan, duk suna da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira mai ƙarfi:

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken da Kwararar Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V):Wannan jadawali yana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙaruwar kwararar gaba. Yawanci ba ta da layi, tare da inganci yakan ragu a manyan kwararar saboda tasirin zafi.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba da Kwararar Gaba (Lanƙwasa V-I):Wannan yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni ta yau da kullun na diodes. Yana da mahimmanci don tantance ƙarfin tuƙi da ake buƙata da kuma ƙirar direbobi masu kwarara akai-akai.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken da Yanayin Zafin Muhalli:Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna rage ƙimar zafi na fitowar haske. Yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru, ƙarfin haske gabaɗaya yana raguwa. Fahimtar wannan yana taimakawa ƙira don daidaitaccen haske a kan kewayon zafin aiki da aka yi niyya.
• Rarraba Bakan:Wani makircin da ke nuna ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka fitar a tsawon zango daban-daban, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a kusa da kololuwar tsawon zango na 639 nm, tare da faɗin halayen da aka ayyana ta rabin faɗin 20 nm.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

LTS-360KR kunshi ne ta hanyar rami (DIP) tare da tsayin lamba 0.36-inch (9.14 mm). Ana ba da girman kunshin a cikin takardar bayanin tare da matsakaicin jurewa na ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Muhimmin bayanin injiniya shine matsakaicin juzu'in ƙarshen fil ɗin na ±0.4 mm, wanda ke da mahimmanci don shimfidar PCB da hanyoyin shigar da atomatik. Nuni yana da fuskar launin toka tare da fararen sassa, wanda ke ba da babban bambanci da aka ambata a cikin fasali. Jadawalin da'irar ciki ya tabbatar da cewaanode gama garice tsarin. Wannan yana nufin an haɗa anode na duk sassan LED a ciki kuma an fitar da su zuwa fil biyu (Pin 1 da Pin 6, waɗanda aka haɗa su a ciki). Kowane cathode na sashi (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, da Decimal Point) yana da nasa fil na musamman. Wannan tsari ya zama gama gari kuma yana buƙatar da'irar tuƙi don zubar da kwarara ta cikin fil ɗin cathode ɗaya yayin samar da ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai kyau ga anode gama gari.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Matsakaicin ƙimar cikakke yana ba da babban jagora don solder: na'urar na iya jure zafin jiki na 260°C na tsawon dakika 5 a wani wuri 1.6 mm ƙasa da matakin wurin zama. Wannan ya yi daidai da daidaitattun bayanan sake kwarara ko igiyar ruwa mara gubar. Masu ƙira yakamata su tabbatar da tsarin haɗakar su bai wuce wannan kasafin kuɗin zafi ba. Yakamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD (Fitowar Wutar Lantarki) yayin sarrafawa. Don ajiya, yakamata a kiyaye ƙayyadadden kewayon -35°C zuwa +85°C a cikin yanayi mai bushewa don hana ɗaukar danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da bushewa yayin sake kwarara.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

LTS-360KR ya dace da kowane na'urar da ke buƙatar nuni na lamba guda mai tsabta. Aikace-aikacen gama gari sun haɗa da:

• Na'urori masu auna dijital, oscilloscopes, da sauran kayan aikin gwaji da aunawa.
• Kwamfutocin sarrafa masana'antu da alamomin tsari.
• Kayan lantarki na gida kamar tanda microwave, injunan wanki, da kayan sauti.
• Ma'auni na mota bayan kasuwa da nunin (lura da faɗin kewayon zafin jiki).
• Modules na agogo da na'urar ƙidayar lokaci.

7.2 Muhimman Abubuwan Ƙira

• Iyakance Kwarara:LEDs na'urori ne masu tuƙi na kwarara. Resistor mai iyakance kwarara na jerin yana wajibi ne ga kowane sashi (ko direba mai kwarara akai-akai) don hana wuce matsakaicin kwararar gaba mai ci gaba (25 mA). Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da dabara: R = (Vcc - VF) / IF, inda Vcc shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki, VF shine ƙarfin wutar gaba na LED (yi amfani da 2.6V don gefen ƙira), kuma IF shine kwararar aiki da ake so (misali, 10-20 mA don kyakkyawan haske).
• Da'irar Tuƙi:Don nuni na anode gama gari, dole ne a saita microcontroller ko direba IC don zubar da kwarara. Wannan yawanci ya haɗa da saita fil ɗin anode gama gari zuwa babban ma'ana (Vcc) da ja fil ɗin cathode na sashi da ake so zuwa ƙananan ma'ana (ƙasa) don kunna su.
• Haɗawa:Don nunin lambobi da yawa, haɗawa wata dabara ce ta gama gari don sarrafa sassa da yawa tare da ƙananan fil ɗin I/O. Yayin da LTS-360KR lamba guda ce, fahimtar wannan shine mabuɗin ƙirar tsarin. Haɗawa ya ƙunalli saurin canza wacce lamba ke aiki. Matsakaicin ƙimar kololuwar kwarara (90 mA a cikakken aiki na 10%) ya zama mai dacewa a nan idan ana amfani da kwararar bugun jini sama da 25 mA don cimma mafi girman haske da ake gani yayin ɗan gajeren lokacin kunna.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Ko da yake rushewar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa kowane sashi, tabbatar da isasshen iska da guje wa sanya kusa da sauran sassan da ke haifar da zafi zai taimaka wajen kiyaye ingancin LED da tsawon rai, musamman lokacin aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma.
• Kusurwar Kallo:Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana da fa'ida, amma yakamata a tsara shimfidar PCB da kewaye samfurin don guje wa cikas na injiniya wanda zai iya iyakance wannan kusurwa ga mai amfani na ƙarshe.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban abin da ya bambanta LTS-360KR shine amfani daAlInGaPfasahar LED. Idan aka kwatanta da tsoffin fasahohi kamar daidaitattun LED na GaAsP (Gallium Arsenide Phosphide) ja, AlInGaP yana ba da inganci mai haske sosai. Wannan yana nufin zai iya samar da haske iri ɗaya a ƙaramin kwarara, yana inganta ingancin wutar lantarki, ko kuma mafi girman haske a kwarara iri ɗaya. Hakanan yana ba da mafi kyawun jikewa launi da kwanciyar hankali akan zafi da tsawon rai. Ƙirar fuskar launin toka/fararen sassa tana ba da mafi girman bambanci idan aka kwatanta da nunin da ke da fuskoki masu watsewa ko launi. Rarrabuwa (rarrabawa) don ƙarfin haske wani muhimmin fasali ne don aikace-aikacen ƙwararru inda daidaiton nuni ke da mahimmanci, yana sa ya bambanta da madadin marasa rarrabawa, masu rahusa inda haske zai iya bambanta sosai daga raka'a zuwa raka'a.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q1: Menene manufar samun fil ɗin anode gama gari biyu (Pin 1 da Pin 6)?

A1: An haɗa su a ciki. Wannan ƙirar fil biyu tana ba da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya yayin shigar da PCB kuma tana ba da mahaɗin mahaɗi biyu don anode gama gari akan PCB, wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen tafiyar da mafi girman kwarara da ake buƙata lokacin da aka kunna sassa da yawa lokaci guda.

Q2: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan nuni kai tsaye daga fil ɗin microcontroller na 5V?

A2: A'a. Dole ne ka yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance kwarara a jere tare da kowane sashi. Don samar da 5V da kwararar da aka yi niyya na 10mA, ta amfani da VF na yau da kullun na 2.6V, ƙimar resistor zata kasance (5V - 2.6V) / 0.01A = 240 Ohms. Koyaushe tabbatar da ainihin kwararar bai wuce matsakaicin ƙimar ba.

Q3: Menene ma'anar "an rarraba don ƙarfin haske" ga ƙirar ta?

A3: Yana nufin zaku iya ƙayyade da siyan waɗannan nunin a cikin takamaiman, ƙunƙuntaccen kewayon haske (misali, takamaiman lambar kwandon). Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa duk nunin da ke cikin samarwar ku za su kasance kusan haske iri ɗaya, yana hana raka'a ɗaya ta yi duhu ko haske fiye da ɗayan, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga ingancin samfur.

Q4: Ta yaya zan fassara ƙayyadaddun rage ƙimar kwararar gaba?

A4: Matsakaicin kwararar ci gaba na 25 mA an tabbatar da shi ne kawai a 25°C. Ga kowane digiri Celsius sama da 25°C, dole ne ku rage matsakaicin kwarara da 0.33 mA. Idan na'urarka tana aiki a 60°C, rage ƙimar shine (60-25)*0.33 = 11.55 mA. Don haka, matsakaicin kwararar ci gaba mai aminci a 60°C shine 25 mA - 11.55 mA = 13.45 mA kowane sashi.

10. Ƙira Mai Amfani da Lamarin Amfani

Lamari: Ƙirar Karatun Voltmeter Lamba Guda.Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙira ma'aunin panel mai sauƙi don nuna 0-9. Sun zaɓi LTS-360KR don tsabtarsa da faɗin kusurwar kallo. Tsarin yana amfani da microcontroller tare da ma'ana 5V. Mai ƙira ya haɗa fil ɗin anode gama gari (1 & 6) zuwa layin 5V ta hanyar resistor ɗaya mai iyakance kwarara wanda aka ƙididdige shi don jimlar kwararar da za a iya (misali, lokacin da aka nuna lambar "8", duk sassa 7 suna kunne). A madadin, sun haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa 5V kuma su sanya masu iyakance kwarara na kowane a kan kowane fil ɗin cathode 8 (sassa A-G da DP), kowanne an ƙididdige shi don kwararar sashi na 10-15 mA. Fil ɗin I/O na microcontroller, waɗanda aka saita azaman buɗe-drain ko kuma kawai aka saita su zuwa ƙananan ma'ana, suna zubar da kwarara zuwa ƙasa don haskaka sassan. Mai ƙira ya ƙayyade sassan LTS-360KR daga kwandon tare da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfi na 800 µcd don tabbatar da isasshen haske a cikin kewaye na samfur na ƙarshe. Sun tabbatar da cewa shimfidar PCB ta ajiye nuni daga mai sarrafa wutar lantarki na kusa don guje wa dumama na gida wanda zai iya rage haske.

11. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Nuni mai sassa bakwai tarin diodes masu fitar da haske (LEDs) ne waɗanda aka jera a cikin tsarin siffar takwas. Ta hanyar haskaka takamaiman sassa (masu lakabin A zuwa G), zai iya samar da duk lambobi goma na Larabci (0-9) da wasu haruffa. LTS-360KR yana amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar gaba wanda ya wuce kofa na diode (kusan 2.1V), electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na semiconductor, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda ya dace kai tsaye da tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, super red a ~639 nm. Tsarin anode gama gari yana sauƙaƙa da'irar tuƙi lokacin amfani da tashoshin microcontroller waɗanda suka fi dacewa da zubar da kwarara fiye da samar da shi.

12. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin

Yayin da nunin sassa bakwai ke ci gaba da zama ko'ina don karatun lambobi, fasahar LED ta tushe tana ci gaba da haɓakawa. AlInGaP tana wakiltar fasaha mai girma, mai inganci don LED ja, orange, da rawaya. Trends na yanzu a cikin fasahar nuni sun haɗa da canzawa zuwa kunshin na'urar saka-fuska (SMD) don haɗawa ta atomatik, mafi girman yawan modules na lambobi da yawa, da haɗakar direbobi da masu sarrafawa a cikin kunshin nuni. Hakanan akwai ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin kayan kamar GaN (Gallium Nitride) don shuɗi da kore, da amfani da phosphors don ƙirar farin haske. Duk da haka, don keɓaɓɓun, babban dogaro, alamun lamba guda masu iya gani, nunin AlInGaP ta hanyar rami kamar LTS-360KR suna ci gaba da zama zaɓi mai ƙarfi kuma mafi kyau saboda tabbataccen dogaronsu, kyawawan halayen gani, da sauƙin amfani a cikin ƙira da wasu aikace-aikacen masana'antu.