LTC-2728JD 0.28-inch Lambobi Hudu na LED Display Datasheet - Tsayin Lamba 7.0mm - Karfin Wutar Lantarki 2.6V - Rage Wutar Lantarki 70mW - Launi Ja - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTC-2728JD wani na'ura ne mai nuna lambobi hudu da sassa bakwai, wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karanta lambobi a sarari tare da rage wutar lantarki. Aikin sa na farko shi ne nuna lambobi da wasu haruffa ta hanyar kunna sassan LED daban-daban. Fasahar sa ta amfani da guntu na LED na ja mai inganci (AlInGaP), waɗanda aka kera akan wani abu marar gani (GaAs). Wannan ginin yana taimakawa wajen samun haske mai ƙarfi da bambanci. Na'urar tana da fuskar launin toka tare da alamomin sassa farare, wanda ke haɓaka karantawa lokacin da sassan ba a kunna su ba kuma yana inganta bambanci idan an kunna su.

Ana rarraba wannan na'urar a matsayin nuni mai haɗin gwiwa (common cathode), wanda ake sarrafa shi ta hanyar jujjuyawa (multiplexed). Wannan yana nufin cewa duk abubuwan da ke ƙasa (cathodes) na LED a cikin lamba ɗaya an haɗa su a ciki, suna samar da mahaɗi guda ɗaya don wannan lambar. Don nuna lamba a kan lambobi huɗu, na'urar sarrafawa (controller) ta waje tana jujjuya wutar lantarki (multiplexing) zuwa kowane lamba a jere, yayin da take kunna sassan da suka dace (anodes) don harafin da ake so akan wannan lambar ta musamman. Wannan hanyar multiplexing tana rage yawan fil ɗin da ake buƙata idan aka kwatanta da hanyar sarrafawa ta yau da kullun.

Manufar ƙira mai mahimmanci ga wannan kayan aiki ita ce rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki. An gwada sassan musamman kuma an daidaita su don aiki mai kyau a ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki, inda ake iya aiki da ƙarfin lantarki har zuwa 1mA a kowane sashi. Wannan ya sa ya dace da na'urorin da ake amfani da baturi ko na'urorin da suke kula da makamashi.

2. Cikakken Bayanin Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na ainihin sigogin lantarki da na gani na na'urar kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin takardun bayanai.

2.1 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Iyaka

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin matsin lamba waɗanda idan aka wuce su, lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba.

• Rage Wutar Lantarki a Kowane Sashi:70 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin wutar lantarki da za a iya zubar da ita azaman zafi ta hanyar sashi ɗaya na LED a ƙarƙashin aiki na ci gaba.
• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Lantarki a Kowane Sashi:100 mA. Ana iya amfani da wannan ƙarfin lantarki ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da aikin 1/10 da faɗin bugun 0.1ms. Yana da girma sosai idan aka kwatanta da ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki na ci gaba don ba da damar ɗan gajeren lokaci, bugun jini mai ƙarfi a aikace-aikacen multiplexed.
• Ci gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki a Kowane Sashi:25 mA a 25°C. Wannan ƙimar tana raguwa a layi daya a 0.33 mA/°C yayin da yanayin yanayi (Ta) ya karu sama da 25°C. Misali, a 50°C, matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na ci gaba zai kasance kusan 25 mA - (0.33 mA/°C * 25°C) = 16.75 mA.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Mai Juyawa a Kowane Sashi:5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai juyawa wanda ya fi wannan ƙimar zai iya lalata haɗin LED.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ma'ajiyar Zafin Jiki:-35°C zuwa +85°C.
• Zafin Solder:Matsakaicin 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3, ana auna shi 1.6mm (1/16 inch) a ƙasa da matakin zama na kayan aikin.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki & Gani

Waɗannan sune sigogi na yau da kullun da kuma tabbataccen aiki na matsakaici/matsakaici a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C sai dai idan an lura).

• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):200 μcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta), 600 μcd (Na yau da kullun) a I_F= 1mA. Wannan yana ƙididdige hasken da ake gani na wani sashi. Faɗin yanki yana nuna tsarin rarrabawa, inda ake rarraba na'urori bisa ga abin da aka auna.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_p):656 nm (Na yau da kullun) a I_F= 20mA. Wannan shine tsawon tsawon tsawon da ƙarfin gani ya fi girma.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Gani (Δλ):22 nm (Na yau da kullun) a I_F= 20mA. Wannan yana auna yaduwar tsawon tsawon hasken da aka fitar; ƙaramin ƙima yana nuna haske mai launi ɗaya (launi mai tsafta).
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):640 nm (Na yau da kullun) a I_F= 20mA. Wannan shine tsawon tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya wanda ya fi wakiltar launin hasken da idon ɗan adam ke gani.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki a Kowane Sashi (V_F):2.1 V (Mafi ƙanƙanta), 2.6 V (Na yau da kullun) a I_F= 20mA. Wannan shine raguwar wutar lantarki a kan sashi na LED lokacin da yake gudanar da ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin lantarki. Yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance ƙarfin lantarki.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki Mai Juyawa a Kowane Sashi (I_R):10 μA (Matsakaici) a V_R= 5V. Wannan shine ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki na yoyo wanda ke gudana lokacin da LED ke cikin jujjuyawar cikinsa cikin matsakaicin ƙimarsa.
• Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V-m):2:1 (Matsakaici) a I_F= 10mA. Wannan sigogi yana tabbatar da daidaito; hasken mafi ƙanƙanta sashi idan aka kwatanta da mafi haske sashi a cikin na'ura ɗaya ba zai wuce rabo 2:1 ba.

Lura akan Auna Ƙarfin Hasken:Takardun bayanai ta ƙayyade cewa ana auna ƙarfin ta amfani da na'urar gani da tacewa wanda ke kusanta aikin haske na CIE photopic, wanda ke ƙirar ƙarfin gani na idon ɗan adam na yau da kullun a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske na yau da kullun.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Takardun bayanai ta nuna cewa na'urar "An Rarraba ta don Ƙarfin Hasken." Wannan yana nufin tsarin rarrabawa ko rarrabawa bayan kera. Saboda bambance-bambance na asali a cikin kera semiconductor, LED ɗin ɗaya zai sami ɗan bambanci a cikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki, kuma, mafi bayyane ga mai amfani, ƙarfin haske daban-daban a ƙarƙashin ƙarfin lantarki iri ɗaya.

Don tabbatar da daidaito ga mai amfani na ƙarshe, masu kera suna gwada kowane na'ura (ko sassan a cikin na'ura) kuma suna rarraba su zuwa "kwantena" daban-daban bisa ga abin da aka auna. Ƙayyadaddun kewayon 200-600 μcd a 1mA yana nuna cewa ana rarraba na'urori bisa ga ainihin hasken da aka auna zuwa takamaiman kwantena na ƙarfi. Lokacin ƙira samfur, injiniyoyi za su iya ƙayyade takamaiman lambar kwantena don tabbatar da mafi ƙanƙanta matakin haske ko ƙarin ƙarfin haske a duk nuni da aka yi amfani da su, wanda ke da mahimmanci don samun kamanni iri ɗaya a cikin samfuran nuni da yawa.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardun bayanai tana nuni da "Na yau da kullun Lantarki / Halayen Gani Lanƙwasa." Duk da yake ba a ƙayyade takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, lanƙwasan daidaitattun don irin wannan na'ura yawanci sun haɗa da:

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (I_Vvs. I_F):Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna yadda haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin lantarki. Gabaɗaya yana layi daya a ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki amma yana iya cika a manyan ƙarfin lantarki saboda tasirin zafi.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_Fvs. I_F):Wannan lanƙwasa mai ma'ana yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar direba, yana nuna ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ake buƙata don cimma ƙarfin lantarki da ake so.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi (I_Vvs. T_a):Fitowar LED yawanci tana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin ke tashi. Wannan lanƙwasa yana taimaka wa masu ƙira su yi la'akari da asarar haske a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma.
• Rarraba Gani:Jadawali da ke nuna ƙarfin da aka fitar a duk faɗin tsawon tsawon tsawon, wanda ke tsakiya a kusa da matsakaicin tsawon tsawon na 656 nm tare da rabin faɗin na yau da kullun na 22 nm.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

An gabatar da na'urar tare da cikakken zanen girma. Muhimman bayanai daga zanen sun haɗa da cewa duk girma suna cikin milimita (mm) kuma matsakaicin ƙimar ƙima shine ±0.25 mm (0.01 inches) sai dai idan wani fasali na musamman ya buƙaci ƙimar ƙima daban. Zanen zai ayyana tsayin gabaɗaya, faɗi, da tsayin na'urar nuni, tazarar tsakanin lambobi, girman da matsayin fil ɗin saka, da yankunan taga sashi.

5.2 Haɗin Fil & Da'irar Ciki

Na'urar tana da tsarin fil 16. Pinout kamar haka: Fil 1 (Common Cathode Lamba 1), Fil 2 (Anode C), Fil 3 (Anode DP), Fil 4 (Babu Fil), Fil 5 (Anode E), Fil 6 (Anode D), Fil 7 (Anode G), Fil 8 (Common Cathode Lamba 4), Fil 9,10,12 (Babu Fil), Fil 11 (Common Cathode Lamba 3), Fil 13 (Cathode A), Fil 14 (Common Cathode Lamba 2), Fil 15 (Anode B), Fil 16 (Anode F).

"Zanen Da'irar Ciki" yana nuna gine-ginen haɗin gwiwar cathode na yau da kullun. Yana nuna mahaɗai huɗu na cathode na yau da kullun (ɗaya ga kowane lamba), kowanne yana haɗe da cathodes na dukkan sassan bakwai (A-G) tare da maki goma (DP) don wannan lambar ta musamman. Anode ga kowane nau'in sashi (misali, duk sassan 'A' daga lambobi 1-4) an haɗa su tare a ciki kuma an fitar da su zuwa fil ɗin anode guda ɗaya. Wannan tsarin yana ba da damar tsarin tuƙi na multiplexing.

6. Jagororin Solder & Taro

Babban jagorar da aka bayar shine matsakaicin ƙimar iyaka don zafin solder: 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3, ana auna shi a wani wuri 1.6mm a ƙasa da matakin zama na kayan aikin. Wannan ƙimar ce ta yau da kullun don hanyoyin solder na igiyar ruwa ko reflow ta amfani da solder marar gubar (SnAgCu). Wuce wannan lokacin ko zafin jiki zai iya lalata haɗin waya na ciki, guntu na LED, ko kunshin filastik. Ana ba da shawarar bin jagororin JEDEC/IPC na yau da kullun don bayanin reflow, tabbatar da dumama a hankali, sarrafa lokaci sama da ruwa, da sarrafa ƙimar sanyaya don rage girgizar zafi.

Don ajiya, yakamata a bi ƙayyadaddun kewayon zafin jiki na -35°C zuwa +85°C, kuma yakamata a ajiye kayan a cikin jakunkuna masu hana danshi tare da busassun abu idan suna da danshi (takardun bayanai ba ta ƙayyade ƙimar MSL ba).

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan nuni yana da kyau ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karanta lambobi masu yawa a sarari tare da rage wutar lantarki. Amfanin gama gari sun haɗa da:

• Kayan aikin gwaji da aunawa (multimeters, wutar lantarki).
• Panels na sarrafa masana'antu da ƙidaya.
• Kayan amfanin gida (microwaves, tanda, ma'auni).
• Nuni na bayan mota (voltmeters, timers).
• Kayan aikin ɗaukar hoto masu amfani da baturi.

7.2 Abubuwan Ƙira

• Da'irar Direba:Ana buƙatar takamaiman IC direba na LED display ko microcontroller tare da isasshen ƙarfin nutsewa/tushe. Dole ne direba ya aiwatar da jerin multiplexing, yana jujjuya ta cikin fil ɗin cathode guda huɗu na yau da kullun yayin da yake fitar da daidaitaccen lambar sashi 7 ga kowane lamba.
• Iyakance Ƙarfin Lantarki:Ana tilasta resistors masu iyakance ƙarfin lantarki na waje ga kowane anode sashi (ko kuma amfani da direba mai ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun). Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (V_supply- V_F- V_{driver_sat}) / I_F. Yi amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga takardun bayanai (2.6V) don ƙira mafi munin yanayi don tabbatar da ƙarfin lantarki bai wuce iyaka ba.
• Ƙimar Sabunta:Dole ne mitar multiplexing ta yi girma sosai don guje wa ƙyalli mai gani (yawanci >60 Hz a kowane lamba, don haka zagayowar gabaɗaya >240 Hz). Duk da haka, dole ne kuma ta yi ƙasa sosai don ba da damar kowane sashi ya kai cikakken haske a lokacin lokacinsa na KUNNA.
• Kusurwar Dubawa:Takardun bayanai ta yi iƙirarin cewa kusurwar dubawa mai faɗi, wanda ke da alaƙa da nuni na LED bakwai. Yakamata a tabbatar da wannan don takamaiman sanyawa na injiniya a cikin samfurin ƙarshe.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambance-bambance

Muhimman fa'idodin bambance-bambance na wannan takamaiman nuni, kamar yadda aka haskaka a cikin fasali, sun haɗa da:

• Aiki na Ƙarfin Lantarki Ƙanƙanta:Halayensa da daidaitawa don ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki (har zuwa 1mA/sashi) fa'ida ce mai mahimmanci ga ƙirar masu kula da wutar lantarki fiye da nuni waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfin lantarki don isasshen haske.
• Fasahar AlInGaP:Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohin LED na GaAsP ko GaP, AlInGaP yana ba da inganci mafi girma, yana haifar da haske mafi girma da ingantaccen launi (ja mai cika) a ƙarƙashin ƙarfin lantarki iri ɗaya.
• Bambanci Mai Girma & Sassan Daidaito:Fuskar launin toka tare da sassa farare da fasalin "sassan daidaito na ci gaba" suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen karantawa a cikin yanayin haske daban-daban.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa ga Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha)

Tambaya: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan nuni da microcontroller 5V kai tsaye?

A: A'a, ba kai tsaye ba. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na sashi yawanci 2.6V ne. Haɗa 5V kai tsaye zuwa anode ba tare da resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki ba zai lalata LED saboda ƙarfin lantarki mai yawa. Dole ne ku yi amfani da resistors na jerin ko direba mai ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne fil ɗin cathode na yau da kullun su kasance cikin tuƙi ta hanyar transistors ko IC direba wanda zai iya nutse da haɗin ƙarfin lantarki na sassan da aka haskaka har zuwa 8 (idan lambar '8' da DP suna kunne).

Tambaya: Menene ma'anar "Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Hasken 2:1" a aikace?

A: Yana nufin cewa a cikin na'urar nuni guda ɗaya, mafi ƙanƙanta sashi ba zai zama rabin haske ba fiye da mafi haske sashi lokacin da ake tuƙa su a ƙarƙashin yanayi iri ɗaya (10mA). Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton gani a cikin sassan harafi ɗaya.

Tambaya: Ta yaya zan cimma matsakaicin haske na 600 μcd?

A: An ba da ƙimar na yau da kullun a I_F=1mA. Don cimma haske mafi girma, zaku iya ƙara ƙarfin lantarki, amma dole ne ku tsaya a cikin Matsakaicin Ƙimar Iyaka (25mA ci gaba a kowane sashi). Hasken zai ƙaru kusan layi daya tare da ƙarfin lantarki har zuwa wani lokaci. Dubi lanƙwasa halayen I_Vvs. I_Fdon jagora.

10. Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira

Yanayi: Ƙira na'urar auna wutar lantarki mai lambobi 4 mai rage wutar lantarki.

LTC-2728JD zaɓi ne mai kyau. ADC na microcontroller yana karanta ƙarfin wutar lantarki, yana canza shi zuwa lamba, kuma yana samar da madaidaicin lambobin sashi 7. Da'irar direba mai sauƙi ta amfani da jerin transistor (misali, ULN2003) tana nutse da ƙarfin lantarki don fil ɗin cathode guda huɗu na yau da kullun, wanda fil ɗin I/O guda huɗu na microcontroller ke sarrafa su. Layukan anode bakwai suna haɗawa da microcontroller ta hanyar resistors masu iyakance ƙarfin lantarki. Don adana wutar lantarki, ana yin multiplexing, kuma ana iya saita ƙarfin lantarki na sashi zuwa 2-5mA, wanda yake cikin kewayon aiki mai inganci na na'urar, yana ba da isasshen haske yayin rage yawan shan ƙarfin lantarki na tsarin. Babban bambanci yana tabbatar da karantawa a cikin gida da kuma yanayin haske mai matsakaici.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

Na'urar tana aiki akan ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin haɗin p-n na semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin kunna diode (kusan 2.1-2.6V) a kan sashi na LED, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yanki mai aiki (AlInGaP Layer) inda suke sake haɗuwa. Wannan tsarin sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yana ayyana tsawon tsawon tsawon (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, hasken ja wanda ke tsakiya a kusa da 656 nm. Substrate na GaAs marar gani yana ɗaukar duk wani haske da aka fitar zuwa ƙasa, yana inganta bambanci gabaɗaya ta hanyar hana tunani na ciki wanda zai iya "wanke" harafin da aka nuna.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Nuni na LED bakwai da suka dogara da fasahar AlInGaP suna wakiltar mafita mai girma kuma abin dogaro ga nuni na lambobi. Trends na yanzu a cikin fagen nuni mai faɗi sun haɗa da canzawa zuwa modules na dot-matrix OLED ko TFT-LCD waɗanda ke ba da cikakken ikon haruffa da zane-zane. Duk da haka, ga aikace-aikacen lambobi na musamman inda karantawa mai ƙarfi, kusurwoyin dubawa masu faɗi, haske mai girma, sauƙi, ƙarfi, da ƙaramin farashi suka fi mahimmanci, nuni na LED bakwai suna ci gaba da kasancewa masu gasa sosai. Ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin ingancin LED (ba da damar ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki) da kunshin (siffofi masu siriri) suna ci gaba da haɓaka wannan fasahar gargajiya. Ka'idar multiplexing na jerin common-cathode ko common-anode ta kasance hanya ta asali kuma mai inganci don tuƙa nuni masu yawan lambobi.