LTS-3403JR 0.8-inch Super Red LED Display Datasheet - Digit Height 20.32mm - Forward Voltage 2.6V - Power 70mW - Takardun Fasaha na Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTS-3403JR na'urar nuni ce ta lamba ɗaya, mai sassa bakwai, wacce aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karanta lambobi masu haske da bayyananne. Aikin sa na farko shi ne wakiltar lambobi (0-9) da wasu haruffa ta amfani da sassan LED masu sarrafawa daban-daban. Fasahar ainihin ta dogara ne akan kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide), wanda aka ƙera don fitar da haske a cikin bakan tsayin rawaya mai tsananin ja. Wannan zaɓin kayan yana ba da fa'idodi a cikin inganci da tsaftar launi idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi.

Ana rarraba na'urar a matsayin nuni na cathode gama gari, ma'ana an haɗa cathodes (tashoshi marasa kyau) na duk sassan LED a ciki kuma an fitar da su zuwa filaye gama gari. Wannan tsari yana sauƙaƙa ƙirar da'ira lokacin amfani da direbobin ruwa-sinking (inda direban ya haɗa zuwa ƙasa). Nuni yana da fuskar launin toka mai haske da launin sassa fari, wanda ke haɓaka bambanci da karantawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Hotometric da Na Gani

Ana ayyana aikin gani a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C. Maɓalli mai mahimmanci, Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haskakawa (Iv), yana da ƙimar al'ada na 700 µcd lokacin da aka tuka shi a gaba na halin yanzu (IF) na 1mA kowane sashe. Mafi ƙarancin ƙayyadaddun ƙima shine 320 µcd, kuma babu iyakar iyaka da aka jera, yana nuna mayar da hankali kan garantin mafi ƙarancin haske. An ƙayyade daidaiton ƙarfin haske tsakanin sassa a matsakaicin 2:1, yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a ko'ina cikin harafin.

An ayyana halayen launi ta hanyar tsayin tsayin fitarwa (λp) na 639 nm da tsayin tsayin rinjaye (λd) na 631 nm, duk an auna su a IF=20mA. Rabin faɗin layin bakan (Δλ) shine 20 nm, yana nuna ƙunƙuntaccen bakan fitarwa wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga launin ja mai tsafta, cikakke. Ana gudanar da duk ma'aunin hotometric ta amfani da kayan aikin da aka tace don kusantar da'irar amsawar ido na ma'aunin CIE, yana tabbatar da cewa bayanan suna da alaƙa da hangen nesa na ɗan adam.

2.2 Ma'auni na Lantarki da Zafi

Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici yana ayyana iyakokin aiki waɗanda ba dole ba ne a wuce don hana lalacewa ta dindindin. Rarrabawar wutar lantarki na ci gaba kowane sashe shine 70 mW. Matsakaicin ci gaba na gaba na halin yanzu kowane sashe shine 25 mA a 25°C, yana raguwa a layi a ƙimar 0.33 mA/°C yayin da zafin ya tashi sama da 25°C. Ana ba da izinin mafi girman Halin Gaba na Kololuwa na 90 mA a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms). Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da za a iya amfani da shi a kan sashe shine 5 V.

A ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin aiki (Ta=25°C, IF=20mA), ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) kowane sashe shine 2.6V, tare da matsakaicin 2.6V da mafi ƙarancin 2.0V. Halin yanzu na baya (IR) shine matsakaicin 100 µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V. An ƙididdige na'urar don yanayin aiki da adana zafin jiki daga -35°C zuwa +85°C.

3. Tsarin Rarrabawa da Rarrabuwa

Takardar bayanan ta bayyana a sarari cewa na'urar "An Rarraba don Ƙarfin Haskakawa." Wannan yana nuna cewa ana gwada raka'o'i kuma ana rarraba su (bin) dangane da ƙimar hasken da aka auna a daidaitaccen gwajin gwaji (mai yiwuwa 1mA ko 20mA). Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar nunin da ke da daidaitattun matakan haske don aikace-aikacensu, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga nunin lambobi da yawa inda bambancin zai bayyana a zahiri. Duk da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani a cikin wannan takarda ta musamman ba, rarrabuwa na al'ada don irin waɗannan LED ɗin kuma na iya haɗawa da kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf) don tabbatar da dacewar lantarki a cikin yanayin tuƙi iri ɗaya.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Duk da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani game da zane-zanen musamman a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, daidaitattun lanƙwasa halaye don irin wannan na'urar zai haɗa da mahimman zane-zane da yawa masu mahimmanci ga injiniyoyin ƙira. Lanƙwasa Halin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (I-V) shine tushe don ƙayyade ƙarfin tuƙi da ake buƙata da kuma ƙirar da'irar iyakance halin yanzu. Lanƙwasa Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haskakawa vs. Halin Gaba yana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke aunawa tare da halin yanzu na tuƙi, yana nuna yankin aikin layi da yuwuwar jikewa.

Lanƙwasa Ƙarfin Haskakawa vs. Yanayin Zafin Muhalli yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar raguwar zafi; fitowar haske yawanci yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru. A ƙarshe, zanen Rarraba Bakan zai hango ƙunƙuntaccen bandwidth na 20 nm a kusa da kololuwar 639 nm, yana tabbatar da tsaftar launi. Masu ƙira suna amfani da waɗannan lanƙwasa don inganta yanayin tuƙi don daidaita haske, inganci, da tsawon rai.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

Nuni yana da tsayin lamba 0.8 inches (20.32 mm). An ba da girman kunshin a cikin cikakken zane tare da duk ma'aunai a millimita. Haƙuri don yawancin girma shine ±0.25 mm (±0.01 inches) sai dai idan an ƙayyade in ba haka ba. Ginin zahirin yana ɗauke da guntuwar LED na AlInGaP akan wani abu mai tushe na GaAs mara gani a cikin kunshin filastik da aka yi. An tsara tsarin fil don dacewa da madaidaicin soket ɗin biyu a cikin layi (DIP) ko hawan PCB kai tsaye.

5.1 Haɗin Fil da Da'irar Ciki

Na'urar tana da fil 18 a cikin tsari mai jere biyu. Pinout kamar haka ne: Fil 4, 6, da 17 sune Cathodes Gama Gari. Fil 2 (A), 3 (F), 5 (E), 7 (L.D.P. - Left Decimal Point), 10 (R.D.P. - Right Decimal Point), da 11 (D) sune Anodes don takamaiman sassa da maki goma. Fil 13 (C), 14 (G), da 15 (B) sune Cathodes na sassansu na musamman. Fil 12 an lura da shi a matsayin Anode Gama Gari, wanda ya bayyana kuskure ne ko kuma na musamman ga wani madadin tsarin ciki da ba a yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan sigar cathode gama gari ba; ya kamata a tabbatar da shi a cikin zanen da'ira. Fil 1, 8, 9, 16, da 18 an jera su a matsayin "BABU FIL" (ba a haɗa su ba). Zanen da'irar ciki yana nuna tsarin haɗin cathode gama gari don manyan sassa bakwai (A-G) da maki goma biyu.

6. Jagororin Solder da Taro

Takardar bayanan tana ba da mahimman ƙayyadaddun solder: matsakaicin zafin solder da aka halatta shine 260°C, kuma wannan zafin za a iya amfani da shi kawai na matsakaicin tsawon lokaci na dakika 3. Ana ɗaukar wannan ma'aunin a wani wuri 1.6mm (1/16 inch) ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na kunshin. Wannan jagora yana da mahimmanci don hanyoyin solder na igiyar ruwa ko sake kunnawa don hana lalacewar zafi ga guntuwar LED, haɗin waya, ko kunshin filastik, wanda zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar bala'i.

Ya kamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) na al'ada yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa, saboda guntuwar LED tana da hankali ga lantarki. Yanayin ajiya ya yi daidai da kewayon zafin aiki (-35°C zuwa +85°C) kuma ya kamata ya kasance a cikin yanayi mai ƙarancin zafi don hana shan danshi.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Wannan nuni yana da kyau ga kowane tsarin da aka haɗa wanda ke buƙatar nuni mai bayyananne, mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki. Aikace-aikacen gama gari sun haɗa da allunan kayan aiki (multimeters, oscilloscopes), kayan aikin sarrafa masana'antu, kayan amfani na mabukaci (microwaves, ovens, injunan wanki), na'urorin likita, da tashoshi na siyarwa. Ƙarancin aikin halin yanzu (mai tasiri har zuwa 1mA/sashe) ya sa ya dace da na'urorin ɗaukar hoto masu ƙarfin baturi inda kiyaye wutar lantarki ke da mahimmanci.

7.2 Abubuwan Ƙira da Hanyoyin Tuƙi

Don tuƙa wannan nuni na cathode gama gari, ana amfani da direban IC mai nutsewar halin yanzu (kamar rijistar motsi na 74HC595 tare da fitarwa na buɗe-ɗrain ko direban LED na musamman). An haɗa fil ɗin cathode gama gari zuwa maɓallan ƙasa na direban, yayin da fil ɗin anode na sashe ke haɗawa da tushen wutar lantarki mai iyakance, sau da yawa ta hanyar resistors na jerin. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu (R) ta amfani da dabara: R = (Vcc - Vf) / If, inda Vcc shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki, Vf shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na sashe (yi amfani da ƙimar matsakaici don aminci), kuma If shine halin yanzu na gaba da ake so.

Don haɗa lambobi da yawa (dabarar gama gari don adana fil da wutar lantarki), ana sauya cathodes na kowane lamba a jere a babban mitar yayin da aka gabatar da bayanan sashe daidai akan layukan anode gama gari. Ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da ingantaccen inganci na fasahar AlInGaP suna da amfani a nan, saboda suna rage zubar da wutar lantarki a cikin direbobi yayin haɗawa.

8. Kwatancin Fasaha da Fa'idodi

LTS-3403JR yana ba da fa'idodi daban-daban. Amfani da fasahar AlInGaP yana ba da mafi girman ingancin haske da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LED ja na GaAsP (Gallium Arsenide Phosphide). Wannan yana haifar da "Babban Haskakawa & Babban Bambanci" da "Amincewar Jihar Solid" da ake iƙirari a cikin fasali. Fasalin "Ci gaba da Sassa iri ɗaya" yana nuna kunshin da aka ƙera da kyau tare da ƙaramin rata tsakanin abubuwan sashe, yana haifar da bayyanar harafi mafi haɗin kai.

"Bukatar Ƙarancin Wutar Lantarki" da ikon yin aiki yadda ya kamata a 1mA/sashe fa'ida ce mai mahimmanci ga ƙira masu hankali ga makamashi. "Babban Kallon Kallo" aikin fasahar guntuwar LED ne da ƙirar ruwan tabarau na kunshin, yana sa nuni ya zama mai karantawa daga wuraren da ba su da axis. Idan aka kwatanta da nunin fluorescent ko LCD, wannan na'urar LED tana ba da mafi girman haske, saurin amsawa da sauri, da kewayon yanayin aiki mai faɗi, ko da yake a farashin mafi girman amfani da wutar lantarki kowane sashe idan an tuƙa shi a manyan igiyoyin ruwa.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan nuni tare da fil ɗin microcontroller na 3.3V kai tsaye?

A: Mai yiwuwa, amma da taka tsantsan. Vf na al'ada shine 2.6V. Wadata 3.3V ya bar 0.7V kawai don resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu da jikewar transistor direba. A 1mA, ana buƙatar resistor na (3.3V - 2.6V) / 0.001A = 70 ohms. Wannan yana yiwuwa, amma hasken zai kasance a ƙarshen ƙasa. Don tuƙi na 20mA, gefen ƙarfin lantarki ya yi ƙanƙanta don aiki mai dogaro; ana ba da shawarar mafi girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki (misali 5V) ko direba na musamman tare da wadata na waje.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin tsayin kololuwa da tsayin tsayin rinjaye?

A: Tsayin tsayin kololuwa (λp) shine tsayin tsayin da bakan fitarwa yake da ƙarfinsa mafi girma. Tsayin tsayin rinjaye (λd) shine tsayin tsayin haske guda ɗaya na monochromatic wanda, lokacin da aka haɗa shi da takamaiman tunanin fari, ya dace da launin da aka gani na LED. Don LED mai ƙunƙuntaccen bakan kamar wannan, sau da yawa suna kusa, amma λd ya fi dacewa da fahimtar launi.

Q: Me yasa akwai fil ɗin cathode gama gari guda uku?

A: Samun fil ɗin cathode gama gari da yawa yana taimakawa rarraba jimillar halin yanzu na cathode (wanda shine jimillar igiyoyin ruwa daga duk sassan da aka haskaka) a cikin filaye da yawa da igiyoyin haɗin ciki. Wannan yana rage yawan halin yanzu a kowane haɗin guda, yana inganta amincin kuma yana ba da damar mafi girman igiyoyin ruwa masu haɗawa.

10. Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira da Amfani

Yi la'akari da ƙirar ma'aunin voltmeter mai sauƙi mai lamba 4 ta amfani da microcontroller. Nunin LTS-3403JR zai dace. Ƙirar za ta ƙunshi raka'o'in nuni huɗu. Za a haɗa anodes na sashe (A-G, DP) na duk lambobi huɗu a layi ɗaya zuwa fil ɗin fitarwa 8 na microcontroller ta hanyar resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu (misali, 150 ohms don ~20mA tuƙi daga wadata 5V). Za a haɗa fil ɗin cathode gama gari na kowane lamba zuwa transistor NPN (kamar 2N3904), wanda tushensa ke sarrafa shi ta wani fil ɗin microcontroller na daban.

Software ɗin microcontroller zai aiwatar da haɗawa na rarraba lokaci. Zai ƙididdige lambar da za a nuna, saita tsarin sashe da ya dace akan layukan anode, kunna transistor don wannan lamba ta musamman (haɗa cathode ɗinta zuwa ƙasa), jira ɗan gajeren lokaci (1-5 ms), sannan kashe wannan lambar kuma matsawa zuwa lamba ta gaba. Wannan zagayowar yana maimaitawa cikin sauri (>60 Hz), yana haifar da ruɗi na duk lambobi suna haskakawa ci gaba. Ƙarancin aikin halin yanzu yana ba da damar amfani da ƙananan transistors masu arha kuma yana kiyaye amfani da wutar lantarki.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

Na'urar tana aiki akan ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin haɗin gwiwar p-n semiconductor. An ƙera tsarin crystal na AlInGaP tare da takamaiman makamashin bandgap. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce kofa na haɗin gwiwa, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Tsayin tsayin wannan haske (launi) an ƙaddara shi kai tsaye ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan AlInGaP. Abin da ba shi da gani na GaAs substrate yana taimakawa nuna haske sama, yana ƙara ingancin waje. Kowane sashe na nuni yana ƙunshe da ɗaya ko fiye na waɗannan ƙananan guntuwar LED, waɗanda aka haɗa su da igiya zuwa jagororin kunshin kuma an lulluɓe su a cikin ruwan tabarau na filastik wanda ke siffanta fitowar haske.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Duk da yake nunin LED mai sassa bakwai na keɓance yana ci gaba da dacewa don takamaiman aikace-aikace, mafi girman yanayin fasahar nuni yana zuwa ga haɗin kai da ƙanƙanta. Kunshin LED na Surface-mount device (SMD) sun maye gurbin nau'ikan rami kamar wannan a cikin manyan kayan lantarki na mabukaci don ƙaramin ƙafafunsu da dacewa don haɗawa ta atomatik. Bugu da ƙari, aikin nunin lambobi da yawa yana ƙara shiga cikin manyan, ƙarin na'urori masu amfani da matrix OLED ko LCD, waɗanda zasu iya nuna lambobi, rubutu, da zane-zane.

Duk da haka, don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar matsanancin haske, faɗin kewayon zafin jiki, tsawon rai, da sauƙi, nunin sassan LED keɓance kamar LTS-3403JR suna riƙe da shawarar ƙima mai ƙarfi. Ci gaban kayan, kamar canji daga GaAsP zuwa AlInGaP da aka rubuta a nan, yana ci gaba da inganta ingancinsu da amincinsu. Ka'idar tushen tushen haske mai tuƙi na halin yanzu, mai ƙarfi tana kasancewa a tsakiyar nunin keɓance da bangon bidiyo na LED na zamani masu ƙima.