LTW-327ZDSKS-5A SMD LED Takardar Bayani - LED Mai Duban Gefe Biyu (Fari/Rawa) - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTW-327ZDSKS-5A ƙayyadaddun bayani ne na farko don LED Chip mai duban gefe, kusurwa madaidaiciya, mai launi biyu. Wannan na'urar da ake haɗawa ta saman (SMD) tana haɗa guntun LED guda biyu daban-daban a cikin fakitin guda ɗaya: LED fari na tushen InGaN da LED rawa na tushen AlInGaP. Manufar ƙirarta ta asali ita ce samar da madaidaicin mafita mai nuni biyu don aikace-aikacen da sararin aiki yayi ƙunci kuma ana buƙatar haske mai fitowa daga gefe. Siffar kusurwa madaidaiciya tana ba da damar fitar da hasken a layi daya da filin da aka ɗora shi, wanda ya sa ya dace da hasken gefe, alamomin yanayin akan PCBs a tsaye, ko hasken baya a cikin ƙunƙun sarari.

Babban fa'idodin wannan ɓangaren sun haɗa da bin ƙa'idodin muhalli na RoHS, dacewa da kayan aikin haɗawa ta atomatik (pick-and-place), da kuma dacewa da hanyoyin siyar da guduro ta infrared (IR). An yi fakitin a cikin tef ɗin daidaitaccen masana'antu mai nisan milimita 8 akan reels masu diamita inci 7, wanda ke sauƙaƙe samar da yawa. An ƙera na'urar don ya dace da I.C., yana nuna cewa ana iya tuka ta kai tsaye ta hanyar siginar matakin dabaru na yau da kullun daga microcontrollers ko wasu da'irori masu haɗaka.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsayi

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba. Ga guntun LED fari, matsakaicin ci gaba na DC na gaba shine 10 mA, tare da matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba na 40 mA da aka halatta a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms). Matsakaicin ƙarfin watsa shi shine 35 mW. Guntun LED rawa yana da iyaka mafi girma: 20 mA DC gaba, 40 mA guda ɗaya, da 75 mW watsawar wutar lantarki. An ƙididdige na'urar don kewayon zafin aiki na -20°C zuwa +80°C da kewayon zafin ajiya na -30°C zuwa +100°C. Zai iya jure yanayin siyar da guduro ta infrared tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na dakika 10. Matsakaicin fitar da wutar lantarki na HBM (Human Body Model) shine 2000V, yana buƙatar matakan kariya na ESD na yau da kullun yayin sarrafawa.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki & Na Gani

An ƙayyade waɗannan sigogi a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na Ta=25°C da ƙarfin gaba (IF) na 5 mA, wanda ke aiki azaman ma'anar gama gari. Ga LED fari, ƙarfin haske (Iv) ya bambanta daga mafi ƙanƙanta na 28.0 mcd zuwa matsakaicin 112.0 mcd, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun da aka bayar. Ƙarfin ƙarfin gaba (VF) yana tsakanin 2.55V zuwa 3.15V, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 2.85V. Kwanon kallo (2θ1/2) yawanci digiri 130 ne. Ga LED rawa, ƙarfin haske yana tsakanin 7.1 mcd zuwa 45.0 mcd, kuma tare da kusurwar kallo na digiri 130. Ƙarfin ƙarfin gaba yana tsakanin 1.60V zuwa 2.40V, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 2.00V. Halayen gani na LED rawa an ƙara bayyana su ta hanyar matsakaicin tsayin zango na fitarwa (λP) na 592 nm, tsayin zango mai rinjaye (λd) na 589 nm, da rabin faɗin layin bakan (Δλ) na 20 nm. Matsakaicin daidaitattun daidaitattun launi shine x=0.294, y=0.286 bisa ga ma'aunin CIE 1931. Ƙarfin baya (IR) na launuka biyu shine matsakaicin 100 µA a ƙarfin baya (VR) na 5V. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba a ƙera na'urar don aiki a cikin karkatar da baya ba; wannan yanayin gwaji ne don siffanta yoyewa kawai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

An rarraba samfurin zuwa kwandon shara bisa mahimman sigogi na gani don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin rukunin samarwa. An ayyana tsarin binning na farko guda biyu: Kwandon Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv) da Kwandon Hue (launi).

3.1 Binning Ƙarfin Hasken

Ana kiyaye jerin lambobin kwandon daban don LED fari da rawa. Ga LED fari, ana yiwa kwandon lakabi N, P, da Q, suna rufe kewayon ƙarfi daga 28.0-45.0 mcd, 45.0-71.0 mcd, da 71.0-112.0 mcd bi da bi, duk an auna su a IF=5mA. Ga LED rawa, kwandon K, L, M, da N sun rufe kewayon daga 7.1-11.2 mcd, 11.2-18.0 mcd, 18.0-28.0 mcd, da 28.0-45.0 mcd. Ana amfani da jurewar +/-15% akan iyakokin kowane kwandon ƙarfi.

3.2 Hue (Launi) Binning

Binning na hue ya shafi daidaitattun launi na LED rawa. An ayyana kwandon a matsayin S1, S2, S3, da S4. Kowane kwandon yana ƙayyade yanki mai siffar huɗu akan zanen chromaticity na CIE 1931 wanda aka ayyana ta hanyar nau'i-nau'i na (x, y) guda huɗu. Misali, kwandon S1 ya rufe yankin da ke da iyaka da maki (0.274, 0.226), (0.274, 0.258), (0.294, 0.286), da (0.294, 0.254). Ana amfani da jurewar +/-0.01 ga kowane daidaitaccen (x, y) a cikin kwandon hue. Wannan tsarin yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LEDs tare da ƙaƙƙarfan sarrafa launin fitarwa don aikace-aikacen da daidaiton launi ke da mahimmanci.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Ayyuka

Takardar bayani tana nuni zuwa lanƙwasa halaye na lantarki da na gani na yau da kullun, ko da yake ba a ƙididdige takamaiman zane-zane a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba. Dangane da halayen LED na yau da kullun, waɗannan lanƙwasa za su haɗa da:

• Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V):Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni, mai mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakancewar halin yanzu.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Ƙarfin Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-L):Yana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, sau da yawa yana zama ƙasa da layi a manyan halayen yanzu saboda tasirin zafi.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi:Yana nuna raguwar fitowar haske yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi, wanda shine mahimmin la'akari don sarrafa zafi.
• Rarraba Ƙarfin Bakan:Ga LED rawa, wannan zai nuna ƙaramin kololuwar fitarwa a kusa da 592 nm, yana tabbatar da yanayin launi ɗaya.
• Tsarin Kwanon Kallo:Zanen polar da ke kwatanta rarraba ƙarfin haske na digiri 130.

Waɗannan lanƙwasa suna da mahimmanci don hasashen aikin gaske a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban da ma'anar gwaji na yau da kullun na 5mA da 25°C.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Fakitin

5.1 Girman Fakitin da Aikin Fil

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen fakitin EIA. An ayyana aikin fil a sarari: Fil A1 an sanya shi ga anode na AlInGaP Yellow LED, kuma Fil A2 an sanya shi ga anode na InGaN White LED. Anode gama gari ba a yi masa lakabi a fili ba a cikin guntun amma daidaitacce ne ga irin wannan LED biyu a cikin fakitin fil 2. Cikakken zanen mai girma zai ƙayyade tsayi, faɗi, tsayi, tazarar jagora, da lissafin ruwan tabarau, tare da duk ma'auni a cikin milimita da jurewar yau da kullun na ±0.10 mm sai dai idan an lura da haka.

5.2 Shiri na Shafin Siyar da Guduro da Jagora

Takardar bayani ta haɗa da sashe tare da shirye-shiryen girman shafin siyar da guduro da shawarar jagorar siyar da guduro. Wannan jagora yana da mahimmanci ga masu ƙira na PCB don tabbatar da ingantaccen samuwar haɗin guduro yayin sake kwarara, ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na injiniya, da daidaitaccen daidaitawa don fitar da duban gefe. Bin waɗannan shawarwari yana taimakawa hana kabari (ɓangaren da ke tsaye a ƙarshe ɗaya) kuma yana tabbatar da mafi kyawun haɗin zafi da lantarki.

6. Jagororin Siyar da Guduro & Haɗawa

6.1 Tsarin Siyar da Guduro na Sake Kwarara

Bangaren ya dace da siyar da guduro ta infrared. An nuna shirin sake kwarara da aka ba da shawarar, tare da mahimmin sigari shine ikon jure 260°C a haɗin guduro na dakika 10. Wannan ya yi daidai da buƙatun tsarin guduro maras gubar (Pb-free). Bin wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don hana fashewar fakitin, ɓarkewar fakitin, ko lalata guntun LED.

6.2 Tsaftacewa da Sarrafawa

An ba da takamaiman umarnin tsaftacewa. Kada a yi amfani da ruwayen sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba saboda suna iya lalata fakitin LED. Idan tsaftacewa ya zama dole bayan siyar da guduro, hanyar da aka ba da shawarar ita ce nutsar da LEDs a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl alcohol a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. An jaddada matakan kariya na ESD saboda ƙimar HBM na 2000V na na'urar. Ana ba da shawarar sarrafawa tare da bel ɗin wuyan da aka yi masa ƙasa, safofin hannu masu hana tashin hankali, da kayan aikin da aka yi masa ƙasa yadda ya kamata don hana lalacewa daga fitar da wutar lantarki.

6.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Yanayin ajiya ya bambanta dangane da ko na'urar mai hankali da danshi tana cikin fakitin da aka rufe na asali ko an buɗe ta. Lokacin da aka rufe shi da desiccant, ya kamata a adana shi a ≤30°C da ≤90% Danshi Dangi (RH) kuma a yi amfani da shi cikin shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe jakar hana danshi, yanayin ajiya bai kamata ya wuce 30°C ko 60% RH ba. LEDs da aka cire daga fakitin asali ya kamata su shawo kan sake kwarara na IR cikin mako guda. Don ajiyar dogon lokaci a waje da jakar asali, dole ne a adana su a cikin akwati mai rufi tare da desiccant ko a cikin desiccator na nitrogen. Idan an ajiye shi a buɗe fiye da mako guda, ana buƙatar gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin siyar da guduro don cire danshin da aka sha kuma a hana "popcorning" yayin sake kwarara.

7. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Ana samar da samfurin a cikin tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin milimita 8 da aka yi wa ado a kan reels masu diamita inci 7 (178mm). Fakitin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA 481. Kowane cikakken reel yana ɗauke da guda 3000. Don adadin ƙasa da cikakken reel, mafi ƙarancin adadin shiryawa na guda 500 ya shafi sauran. Tef ɗin yana amfani da tef ɗin murfin saman don rufe aljihun ɓangaren da babu kowa. Ƙayyadaddun inganci sun bayyana cewa matsakaicin adadin ɓangarorin da ba su nan a jere (aljihun fanko) a cikin tef ɗin shine biyu.

7.2 Fassarar Lambar Bangare

Lambar bangare LTW-327ZDSKS-5A tana bin tsarin lambar cikin gida na masana'anta. Duk da yake ba a ba da cikakken raguwa ba, abubuwa na yau da kullun a cikin irin waɗannan lambobin bangaren na iya nuna jerin, launi, fakitin, lambobin kwandon, da sauran halaye. Ma'anar "(Preliminary)" tana nuna wannan ƙayyadaddun bayani ne kafin fitarwa ko ƙirar ƙira, wanda ƙila ya canza kafin fitarwa na ƙarshe.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

An ƙera wannan LED mai launi biyu mai duban gefe don aikace-aikacen kayan lantarki na yau da kullun. Waɗannan sun haɗa da, amma ba'a iyakance su ba, kayan aikin sarrafa ofis, na'urorin sadarwa, da kayan amfani na gida. Ƙirar kusurwa madaidaiciya ta sa ta dace musamman ga:

• Alamomin Yanayin da aka ɗora akan Panel:Inda ake ɗora LEDs akan ɗan ƙaramin allo a kai tsaye zuwa babban allo, yana haskakawa ta hanyar panel.
• Hasken Gefe don Nuni ko Maɓallai:Samar da hasken baya daga gefen jagorar haske.
• Nuni na Yanayi Biyu:Yin amfani da fari don matsayi ɗaya (misali, "kunna wutar lantarki") da rawa don wani (misali, "jiran aiki" ko "gargadi") a cikin guntun ɓangaren guda ɗaya.
• Lantarki na Masu Amfani da ke da Ƙuntatawa:Irin su wayoyin hannu, kwamfutocin hannu, ko na'urorin wasan caca masu ɗaukuwa inda tsayi da fitar da gefe suke da mahimmanci.

La'akari da Ƙira:Dole ne a yi la'akari da bambancin ƙarfin gaba na fari (typ. 2.85V) da rawa (typ. 2.00V) na LEDs a cikin da'irar tuƙi, yawanci yana buƙatar masu hana halin yanzu daban-daban ga kowane launi idan za a tuka su da kansu daga layin wutar lantarki guda. Gudanar da zafi kuma yana da mahimmanci, saboda wuce matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa zai rage fitowar haske da tsawon rayuwa.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambance-bambance

Duk da yake ba a ba da kwatancen kai tsaye tare da wasu lambobin bangare a cikin takardar bayani ba, ana iya ƙididdige mahimman fasalulluka na wannan ɓangaren:

• Launi Biyu a cikin Fakitin Kusurwa Madaidaiciya:Yana haɗa launuka biyu a cikin fakitin fitarwa guda ɗaya, yana adana sarari idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED guda biyu masu duban gefe daban.
• Fasahar Chip:Yana amfani da InGaN mai ci gaba don fari da AlInGaP don rawa, waɗanda galibi suna ba da inganci da aminci mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar rawa da aka canza phosphor ko daidaitaccen GaAsP.
• Jagororin da aka Lulluɓe da Tin:Yana inganta iyawar siyar da guduro da dacewa da hanyoyin marasa gubar.
• Cikakken Binning:Yana ba da cikakken ƙarfi da binning hue, yana ba da damar daidaitaccen launi da daidaiton haske a cikin samarwa.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q1: Shin zan iya tuka LED fari da rawa lokaci guda daga fil guda?

A: A'a, suna da anodes daban (A1 don Rawa, A2 don Fari). Dole ne a tuka su da kansu don sarrafa kowane launi daban. Tsarin anode gama gari na yau da kullun ne.

Q2: Me ya sa matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC ya bambanta ga launuka biyu (10mA vs 20mA)?

A: Wannan ya faru ne saboda bambance-bambance a cikin kayan semiconductor (InGaN vs. AlInGaP), girman guntun, da halayen zafi. Kowane guntun yana da nasa matsakaicin ƙimar watsawar wutar lantarki (35mW vs 75mW), wanda ke iyakance halin da ake yarda da shi.

Q3: Menene fasalin "dacewa da I.C." ke nufi?

A: Yana nuna cewa buƙatun ƙarfin gaba da halin yanzu na LED suna cikin ƙarfin fitarwa na yau da kullun da ƙarfin samar da halin yanzu na da'irori masu haɗaka na dijital (kamar ƙofofin dabaru na CMOS ko TTL ko fil ɗin GPIO na microcontroller), sau da yawa lokacin da aka haɗa su da mai hana halin yanzu da ya dace.

Q4: Yaya mahimmanci rayuwar bene na mako ɗaya bayan buɗe jakar shinge na danshi?

A: Yana da mahimmanci sosai don haɗawa mai dogaro. Danshin da fakitin filastik ya sha na iya yin tururi da sauri yayin siyar da guduro na sake kwarara, yana haifar da tsagewar ciki ko ɓarkewar fakitin ("popcorning"). Idan an wuce lokacin bayyanawa, dole ne a bi tsarin gasa na tilas.

11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi: Alamar Yanayi Biyu don Router na Cibiyar Sadarwa.

Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙirar router mai ƙarami tare da LEDs na yanayi akan panel a tsaye na gaba. An ɗora LED guda ɗaya na LTW-327ZDSKS-5A akan ƙaramin PCB a kai tsaye zuwa babban allo, kai tsaye bayan ƙaramin taga mai watse akan panel. Microcontroller akan babban allo yana da fil ɗin GPIO guda biyu da ake samu. Fil 1, wanda aka haɗa zuwa anode na LED fari ta hanyar resistor na 150Ω (wanda aka ƙidaya don samar da ~3.3V da ~5mA manufa), yana nuna "Haɗin Intanet Yana Aiki." Fil 2, wanda aka haɗa zuwa anode na LED rawa ta hanyar resistor na 68Ω (don samar da 3.3V guda), yana nuna "Ayyukan Canja wurin Bayanai" ta hanyar ƙyalli. Wannan mafita tana amfani da guntun ɓangaren guda ɗaya kawai akan allo a tsaye, yana sauƙaƙe haɗawa, kuma yana ba da bayyananniyar alamar yanayi mai launi biyu a cikin ƙunƙun sarari.

12. Gabatarwar Ƙa'idar Aiki

Diodes masu fitar da haske (LEDs) na'urorin semiconductor ne waɗanda ke fitar da haske lokacin da wutar lantarki ta wuce ta cikin su. Ana kiran wannan al'amari electroluminescence. A cikin LTW-327ZDSKS-5A:

• TheWhite LEDyana amfani da guntun InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride). Yawanci, ana haɗa guntun InGaN mai fitar da shuɗi tare da murfin phosphor rawa a cikin fakitin. Hasken shuɗi daga guntun yana motsa phosphor, wanda sai ya fitar da hasken rawa. Haɗin sauran hasken shuɗi da hasken rawa da aka samar yana bayyana fari ga idon ɗan adam.
• TheYellow LEDyana amfani da guntun AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide). Wannan tsarin kayan yana fitar da haske kai tsaye a cikin ɓangaren bakan rawa/lemu/ja. Ga wannan ɓangaren, an ƙera tsarin Layer na epitaxial don fitar da photons tare da matsakaicin tsayin zango na kusan 592 nm, wanda ake ganinsa a matsayin rawa.

Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin gaba wanda ya wuce ƙofar diode, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na semiconductor, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Tsayin zango (launi) na haske an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Ci gaban LEDs kamar LTW-327ZDSKS-5A yana bin wasu mahimman abubuwan da ke faruwa a masana'antu:

• Ƙananan & Haɗawa:Haɗa ayyuka da yawa (launuka biyu) zuwa cikin fakitin guda ɗaya, mafi ƙanƙanta don adana filin PCB.
• Mafi Girman Ingantaccen:Ci gaba da inganta a cikin kayan InGaN da AlInGaP yana haifar da ingantaccen haske mafi girma (ƙarin fitowar haske a kowace watt na lantarki), yana rage amfani da wutar lantarki da kayan zafi.
• Ingantaccen Daidaiton Launi:Tsarin binning na ci gaba, kamar yadda aka gani a cikin wannan takardar bayani, yana ba da damar ƙarin sarrafa launi da haske, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar kamanni iri ɗaya.
• Ƙarfafa Dogaro & Ƙarfi:Ƙira waɗanda ke jure mafi girman yanayin sake kwarara (kamar 260°C) kuma suna da mafi kyawun kariya na EDC suna da mahimmanci don dacewa da zamani, hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik.
• Siffofin Siffofi na Musamman:Girman LED na duban gefe da kusurwa madaidaiciya yana biyan buƙatun ƙira na sirara, lantarki na zamani na masu amfani inda dole ne a jagoranci haske a gefe maimakon sama.