LTST-S110KFKT LED Mai Haske Orange SMD - Duba Daga Gefe - AlInGaP Chip - 20mA - Takardar Fasaha a Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta ba da cikakkun bayanai game da LED mai haske sosai, mai hawa a saman allon (SMD) wanda ke fitar da haske daga gefe (side-view). Babban aikace-aikacensa shine haskaka bayan allo na LCD, inda yanayin fitar da haske daga gefe ya fi dacewa. LED din yana amfani da guntu na semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP), wanda aka sani da samar da haske orange mai inganci da haske. Ana kunna na'urar a kan tef mai nisan milimita 8 wanda aka naɗe a kan reels masu diamita inci 7, wanda ya sa ya dace sosai da tsarin haɗawa ta atomatik (pick-and-place) da ake amfani da su wajen samar da na'urorin lantarki masu yawa.

An ƙera samfurin don ya bi ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Illa), wanda ya sanya shi a matsayin "Samfurin Kore". An ƙera shi don ya dace da tsarin haɗa ta hanyar zafi (reflow soldering) na infrared (IR) da na vapor phase, waɗanda aka saba amfani da su wajen haɗa allon da'ira (PCB). Halayensa na lantarki kuma sun dace da matakan dabaru na guntu na'ura mai kwakwalwa (IC), wanda ke sauƙaƙa ƙirar da'irar gudanarwa.

2. Iyakar Ƙididdiga Mafi Girma

Teburin da ke ƙasa ya lissafa iyakokin matsin lamba waɗanda ba za a iya wucewa ba a kowane yanayi na aiki. Wucewa waɗannan ƙimomi na iya haifar da lalacewa mai ɗorewa ga na'urar. Duk ƙididdiga an ƙayyade su a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):75 mW. Wannan shine iyakar adadin wutar lantarki da kunshin LED zai iya fitarwa a matsayin zafi cikin aminci.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (IFP):80 mA. Wannan shine iyakar halin yanzu na gaba da aka halatta a lokaci guda, yawanci ana ƙayyade shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, 0.1ms faɗin bugun) don hana yin zafi sosai.
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba na DC (IF):30 mA. Wannan shine iyakar ci gaba da halin yanzu na gaba da za a iya amfani da shi akan LED.
• Ma'aunin Ragewa:Dole ne a rage halin yanzu na gaba na DC da kashi 0.4 mA a kowane digiri na Celsius da zafin muhalli ya haura sama da 50°C.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya wanda ya fi wannan na iya rushe haɗin gwiwar semiconductor na LED.
• Yankin Zafin Aiki & Ajiya:-55°C zuwa +85°C. Ana iya adana kuma a yi amfani da na'urar a cikin wannan cikakken yankin zafin jiki.
• Jurewar Zafin Haɗawa:LED na iya jure haɗa ta hanyar igiyar ruwa (wave) ko infrared a 260°C har zuwa dakika 5, ko haɗa ta hanyar vapor phase a 215°C har zuwa mintuna 3.

3. Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Ma'auni masu zuwa suna ayyana aikin LED a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun a Ta=25°C. "Typ." yana nuna ƙimomi na yau da kullun, yayin da "Min." da "Max." ke ayyana iyakokin da aka tabbatar don takamaiman ma'auni.

• Ƙarfin Haske (Iv):45.0 mcd (Min.), 90.0 mcd (Typ.) a halin yanzu na gaba (IF) na 20mA. Ana auna ƙarfin ta amfani da firikwensin da aka tace don ya dace da amsawar ido na ɗan adam (lanƙwasa CIE).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Digiri 130 (Typ.). Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimarsa da aka auna akan tsakiyar axis.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsinkaya (λP):611 nm (Typ.). Wannan shine tsawon tsinkaya inda ƙarfin fitarwa na gani ya fi girma.
• Matsakaicin Tsinkaya Mai Girma (λd):605 nm (Typ.). An samo shi daga ma'auni na launi akan zanen launi na CIE, wannan tsawon tsinkaya guda ɗaya ya fi wakiltar launin hasken da ake gani.
• Faɗin Bakan Tsinkaya (Δλ):17 nm (Typ.). Wannan shine cikakken faɗi a rabin matsakaici (FWHM) na bakan fitarwa, yana nuna tsaftar launi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):2.0 V (Min.), 2.4 V (Typ.) a IF=20mA. Wannan shine faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da yake gudanar da halin yanzu.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):10 μA (Max.) a VR=5V. Wannan shine ƙaramin halin yanzu na ɓarna da ke gudana lokacin da LED ke da karkatar da baya.
• Ƙarfin Ƙarfafawa (C):40 pF (Typ.) da aka auna a 0V bias da mitar 1MHz. Wannan shine ƙarfin haɗin gwiwar LED.

4. Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Don tabbatar da daidaito a aikace-aikace, ana rarraba LEDs zuwa kwandon shara bisa ga ƙarfin hasken da aka auna. Lambar kwandon wani ɓangare ne na tantancewar samfur. Tsarin rarraba mai zuwa ya shafi LTST-S110KFKT a IF=20mA:

• Lambar Kwandon P:Yankin Ƙarfin Haske daga 45.0 mcd zuwa 71.0 mcd.
• Lambar Kwandon Q:Yankin Ƙarfin Haske daga 71.0 mcd zuwa 112.0 mcd.
• Lambar Kwandon R:Yankin Ƙarfin Haske daga 112.0 mcd zuwa 180.0 mcd.
• Lambar Kwandon S:Yankin Ƙarfin Haske daga 180.0 mcd zuwa 280.0 mcd.

Ana amfani da jurewar +/-15% akan ƙimomin ƙarfi a cikin kowane kwandon. Wannan rarrabuwar yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LEDs tare da matakin haske da ake buƙata don takamaiman aikace-aikacensu, yana tabbatar da daidaiton gani lokacin da aka yi amfani da LEDs da yawa tare.

5. Jagororin Haɗawa da Girki

5.1 Bayanan Haɗa ta Hanyar Reflow

An ƙera LED don ya jure daidaitattun hanyoyin haɗa SMD reflow. An ba da shawarar bayanan reflow na infrared (IR) guda biyu: ɗaya don tsarin haɗa na tin-lead (SnPb) na yau da kullun da wani kuma don tsarin haɗa maras gubar (Pb-free), yawanci ta amfani da gami na SAC (Sn-Ag-Cu). Bayanin maras gubar yana buƙatar mafi girman zafin jiki, yawanci har zuwa 260°C, amma tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙimar haɓakawa da sanyaya don hana girgiza zafi ga kayan aiki da PCB.

5.2 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan haɗawa, kawai yakamata a yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na filastik ko kunshin. Hanyar da aka ba da shawarar ita ce nutsar da LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Ba a ba da shawarar tsaftacewa mai ƙarfi ko na ultrasonic sai dai idan an tabbatar da shi musamman.

5.3 Ajiya da Sarrafawa

Yakamata a adana LEDs a cikin yanayi wanda bai wuce 30°C da 70% zafi ba. Da zarar an cire su daga ainihin kunshinsu na hana danshi, yakamata a haɗa kayan aikin cikin mako ɗaya. Don ajiya mai tsawo a waje da ainihin jakar, dole ne a adana su a cikin akwati mai rufewa tare da abin bushewa ko a cikin yanayin nitrogen. Idan an adana ba tare da kunshin ba fiye da mako guda, ana buƙatar gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 24 kafin haɗawa don cire danshin da aka ɗauka da kuma hana "popcorning" yayin reflow.

6. Bayanan Kunshin da Injiniya

LED ya yi daidai da tsarin kunshin SMD na ƙa'idar masana'antu. An ba da cikakkun zane-zane masu girma a cikin takardar bayanin, gami da girman jiki, girma na jagora, da tsarin ƙasa (pad) na PCB da aka ba da shawarar. Ƙirar dubawa daga gefe yana nufin babban fitar da haske yana layi daya da jirgin PCB, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen hasken gefe kamar allunan LCD. Ana samar da na'urar akan tef mai zane, mai faɗin milimita 8, wanda aka naɗe a kan reels inci 7. Kowane reel yana ɗauke da guda 3000. Kunshin yana bin ka'idojin ANSI/EIA 481-1-A.

7. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ɗauka a Hankali

7.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Gudanarwa

LEDs na'urori ne masu gudanar da halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da aiki mai ƙarfi da daidaiton haske, musamman lokacin da ake amfani da LEDs da yawa a layi daya,ana ba da shawarar sosaidon amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere tare da kowane LED. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor bisa ga ƙarfin lantarki na wadata (Vcc), ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED (VF), da halin yanzu na gaba da ake so (IF): R = (Vcc - VF) / IF. Ba a ba da shawarar gudanar da LEDs da yawa a layi daya ba tare da resistors na jere na kowane ɗaya ba (Samfurin Da'ira B a cikin takardar bayanin), saboda ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin halayen ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) tsakanin LEDs ɗaya na iya haifar da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a cikin raba halin yanzu, saboda haka, rashin daidaiton haske.

7.2 Kariya daga Zubar da Lantarki (ESD)

Haɗin gwiwar semiconductor a cikin LEDs yana da hankali ga zubar da lantarki. ESD na iya haifar da gazawa nan take ko lalacewa a ɓoye wanda ke rage aiki bayan lokaci. Don hana lalacewar ESD:

• Ma'aikata yakamata su sanya bel ɗin wuyan hannu mai ƙasa ko safar hannu masu hana tashin hankali lokacin sarrafa LEDs.
• Dole ne duk tashoshin aiki, kayan aiki, da kayan aiki su kasance da ƙasa daidai.
• Yi amfani da masu ƙwayar ion don kawar da cajin tsaye wanda zai iya taruwa akan ruwan tabarau na filastik yayin sarrafawa.

7.3 Gudanar da Zafi

Duk da yake LED da kansa ba shi da heatsink da aka haɗa, ingantaccen sarrafa zafi a matakin PCB yana da mahimmanci don dogon lokaci na dogaro. Ragewar 0.4 mA/°C sama da 50°C yana nuna buƙatar sarrafa yanayin zafi a kusa da LED. A cikin tsararrun hasken baya masu yawa, tabbatar da isasshen iska ko taimakon zafi a cikin shimfidar PCB na iya taimakawa wajen kiyaye aiki da tsawon rai.

8. Bincike na Lakatobi na Ayyuka na Yau da Kullun

Takardar bayanin ta haɗa da zane-zane da yawa da ke nuna alaƙa tsakanin maɓuɓɓuka masu mahimmanci. Duk da yake ba a sake yin takamaiman lakatobi a cikin rubutu ba, yawanci suna nuna:

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna yadda fitarwa na haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, yawanci a cikin yanayin ƙasa da layi a manyan halayen yanzu saboda tasirin dumama.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Wannan yana nuna halayen I-V na diode, wanda yake da ƙima a ƙananan halayen yanzu kuma ya zama mai juriya a halin yanzu na aiki.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Yanayin Zafin Muhalli:Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna raguwar fitarwa na haske yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwar ya tashi, wani mahimmin abin la'akari ga aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a cikin yanayi mai dumi.
• Rarraba Tsinkaya:Zanen ƙarfin dangi da tsawon tsinkaya, yana nuna kololuwa a ~611 nm da ~17 nm bandwidth, yana tabbatar da fitar da launin orange.

Waɗannan lakatobi suna da mahimmanci ga masu ƙira don hasashen aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi marasa daidaito (halayen yanzu daban-daban ko yanayin zafi) da kuma inganta da'irar tukansu don inganci da kwanciyar hankali.

9. Kwatantawa da Mahallin Fasaha

Amfani da guntu na AlInGaP yana da mahimmanci. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar Gallium Arsenide Phosphide (GaAsP), LEDs na AlInGaP suna ba da inganci mai yawa da haske don tsawon tsinkaya ja, orange, da rawaya. Kunshin dubawa daga gefe ya bambanta wannan samfurin da LEDs masu fitarwa sama. Wannan yanayin injiniya ba zaɓi ne kawai na kunshin ba amma na aiki ne, yana ba da damar ƙirar nuni mai bakin ciki, mai hasken gefe inda ake haɗa haske cikin farantin jagorar haske. Haɗin guntu na aiki mai inganci tare da wannan takamaiman lissafin kunshin ya sa ya zama takamaiman kayan aiki wanda aka inganta don babban yanki na aikace-aikace: hasken baya na allo na LCD, musamman a cikin kayan lantarki na masu amfani kamar wayoyin hannu, kwamfutar hannu, da na'urori masu kallo inda sarari yake da ƙima.