LTW-326DSKS-5A SMD LED Takardar Bayani - Duba Gege - Fari & Rawaya - 20mA - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTW-326DSKS-5A wata LED ce mai duban gefe, mai dauke da guntu biyu (SMD), wadda aka tsara musamman don aikace-aikacen hasken baya na LCD. Wannan kayan aiki ya hada fasahohin semiconductor guda biyu daban-daban a cikin fakitin da ya dace da ma'auni na EIA: guntu mai haske sosai na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) don fitar da hasken fari da kuma guntu na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don fitar da hasken rawaya. Manufarta ta farko ita ce samar da hasken gefe mai inganci, amintacce, da kuma kunkuntar girma don nunin LCD, inda takuraren sarari da rarraba haske daidai suke da muhimmanci. Tsarin ruwan tabarau mai fitar da haske daga gefe an inganta shi don tura haske a gefe a kan farantin jagorar haske, wanda yake bukatu ta asali don samun daidaitaccen hasken baya. Ana samar da na'urar a kan tef mai girman 8mm da aka dora akan reels masu diamita 7-inch, wanda ya sa ta dace sosai da kayan aikin hadawa ta atomatik mai sauri da ake amfani da su a masana'antar kera kayan lantarki na zamani.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Madaidaicin Iyaka na Gaba Daya

Madaidaicin iyaka na gaba daya suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa wadanda idan aka wuce su, lalacewa ta dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Ga guntu na fari na InGaN, an ayyana matsakaicin ci gaba na DC na gaba a 20mA, tare da matsakaicin ci gaba na gaba na 100mA da aka halatta a karkashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, 0.1ms fadin bugun). Guntu na rawaya na AlInGaP yana raba iyakar DC iri daya na 20mA amma yana da mafi karancin matsayi na ci gaba na gaba na 80mA. Matsakaicin watsar da wutar lantarki shine 72mW don guntun fari da 48mW don guntun rawaya, wanda aka lissafta a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C. Wadannan matsayi suna da muhimmanci ga sarrafa zafi a aikace-aikacen karshe. An ayyana na'urar don kewayon zafin aiki daga -20°C zuwa +80°C da kuma kewayon zafin ajiya daga -40°C zuwa +85°C. Wani muhimmin bayani don hadawa shine yanayin gudanar da gishiri na infrared reflow, wanda aka ayyana don matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na tsawon dakika 10, wanda ya dace da bayanan gishiri marasa gubar.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani

Ana auna halayen lantarki da na gani a karkashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji a Ta=25°C da ci gaba na gaba (IF) na 5mA. Ga LED fari, karfin haske (Iv) ya kewayo daga mafi kankanta na 28.0 mcd zuwa mafi girma na 112.0 mcd. LED rawaya tana da mafi karancin kewayon Iv, daga 7.1 mcd zuwa 71.0 mcd. Matsakaicin kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) ga dukkan launuka shine digiri 130, yana samar da tsarin fitarwa mai fadi wanda ya dace da watsa hasken baya. Matsakaicin wutar lantarki na gaba (VF) yawanci shine 2.55V don fari (matsakaici 3.15V) da 2.0V don rawaya (matsakaici 2.4V). Ci gaban baya (IR) yana iyakance ga matsakaicin 10 µA a wutar lantarki ta baya (VR) na 5V; yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba a tsara na'urar don aiki a karkashin baya ba. Halayen gani na LED rawaya an kara ayyana su ta hanyar matsakaicin tsayin tsayin fitarwa (λP) na 591 nm, tsayin tsayin da ya fi rinjaye (λd) na 590 nm, da rabin fadin bakan (Δλ) na 15 nm. Daidaitattun madaidaitan launi yawanci sune x=0.3, y=0.3 akan zanen CIE 1931 don takamaiman yanayin gwaji.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Samfurin yana amfani da cikakken tsarin binning don rarraba LEDs bisa muhimman sigogi na aiki, yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin rukunin samarwa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke bukatar daidaitaccen launi da haske.

3.1 Binning na Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba (VF) don LED Fari

Ana rarraba LEDs fari zuwa bins VF guda uku (A, B, C) bisa ga wutar lantarki ta gaba a IF=5mA. Bin A ya kunshi 2.55V zuwa 2.75V, Bin B ya kunshi 2.75V zuwa 2.95V, kuma Bin C ya kunshi 2.95V zuwa 3.15V. Ana amfani da jurewar ±0.1V ga kowane bin.

3.2 Binning na Karfin Haske (Iv)

Akwai teburori daban-daban na binning Iv don LEDs fari da rawaya. Don fari: Bin N (28.0-45.0 mcd), Bin P (45.0-71.0 mcd), Bin Q (71.0-112.0 mcd). Don rawaya: Bin K (7.10-11.2 mcd), Bin L (11.2-18.0 mcd), Bin M (18.0-28.0 mcd), Bin N (28.0-45.0 mcd), Bin P (45.0-71.0 mcd). Ana amfani da jurewar ±15% ga kowane bin na karfi.

3.3 Binning na Hue (Chromaticity)

Binning na hue, wanda ya shafi launin LED da ya dace, yana amfani da madaidaitan launi na CIE 1931. An ayyana bins shida (S1 zuwa S6), kowanne yana ayyana yankin murabba'i hudu akan ginshikin (x, y). An jera madaidaitan kowane kusurwa na wadannan murabba'i hudu daidai a cikin takardar bayani. Ana amfani da jurewar ±0.01 ga kowane madaidaicin bin hue.

4. Bincike na Lankwasa Aiki

Takardar bayani tana nuni zuwa lankwasan halaye na lantarki da na gani na yau da kullun, wadanda suke da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a karkashin yanayin da ba daidai ba. Duk da yake ba a sake samar da takamaiman zane-zane a cikin rubutun da aka bayar, yawanci sun hada da dangantakar tsakanin ci gaba na gaba (IF) da wutar lantarki ta gaba (VF), wanda ba mai layi ba ne kuma yana da mahimmanci don tsarin da'irar direba. Wani lankwasa na yau da kullun yana nuna karfin haske (Iv) da ci gaba na gaba (IF), yana kwatanta yadda fitarwa ke auna tare da ci gaban direba kuma yana nuna jujjuyawar inganci a manyan igiyoyin ruwa. Dangantakar tsakanin karfin haske da zafin muhalli kuma tana da mahimmanci, saboda fitarwar LED gaba daya tana raguwa tare da karuwar zafin junction. Ga LED rawaya, zanen rarraba bakan zai nuna dangi mai dacewa da tsayin tsayi, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a kusa da kololuwar 590-591 nm, tare da rabin fadin 15 nm yana ayyana tsaftar launi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Na'ura da Pinout

LED ta dace da tsarin fakitin ma'auni na EIA. Ruwan tabarau mai duban gefe shine muhimmin fasalin injiniya. An ayyana aikin fil daidai: Pin C2 na guntu na kore/fari na InGaN ne, kuma Pin C1 na guntu na rawaya na AlInGaP ne. Duk girma a cikin zanen fakitin suna cikin millimeters, tare da jurewar ma'auni na ±0.10 mm sai dai idan an ayyana in ba haka ba. Wannan takamaiman bayanan girma yana da bukatu don samar da daidaitattun sawun PCB da kuma tabbatar da dacewar dacewa a cikin hadawa.

5.2 Tsarin Gindin Gishiri da aka Shawarta da Polarity

Takardar bayani tana ba da girma na gindin gishiri da aka shawarta don tabbatar da haɗin gishiri mai aminci da daidaitaccen jeri yayin reflow. Hakanan yana nuna shawarar shugabanci na gishiri dangane da yanayin tef, wanda zai iya taimakawa inganta tsarin sanyawa. Gano polarity daidai yayin sanyawa yana da mahimmanci, saboda shigar da baya zai hana LED haskakawa.

6. Jagororin Gishiri da Hadawa

6.1 Tsarin Gishiri na Reflow

Na'urar ta dace sosai da hanyoyin gishiri na infrared (IR) reflow. Matsakaicin yanayin shine 260°C na dakika 10. An nuna shawarar bayanin reflow, wanda yawanci ya hada da yankin preheat, yankin ji na zafi, yankin reflow tare da sarrafa matsakaicin zafin jiki da lokaci sama da ruwa (TAL), da yankin sanyaya mai sarrafawa. Yin bin bayanin da bai wuce iyakar 260°C/10s ba yana da mahimmanci don hana lalacewa ga ruwan tabarau na epoxy na LED da haɗin waya na ciki.

6.2 Tsaftacewa da Sarrafawa

Dole ne a yi tsaftacewa da kulawa. Dole ne a yi amfani da takamaiman sinadarai kawai. Takardar bayani ta ba da shawarar nutsar da cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na kasa da minti daya idan tsaftacewa ya zama dole. Sinadaran da ba a ayyana su ba na iya lalata kayan fakitin. Muhimmin bayanin sarrafawa yana jaddada kariya daga Fitarwar Lantarki na Electrostatic (ESD). Ko da yake ba koyaushe ake la'akari da shi sosai mai hankali ga ESD kamar wasu ICs, LEDs na iya lalacewa ta hanyar wutar lantarki da tashin hankali. Ana ba da shawarar amfani da abin wuya ko safofin hannu masu hana tashin hankali, da kuma tabbatar da cewa duk kayan aiki suna da tushe da kyau.

6.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Yanayin ajiya ya bambanta dangane da ko fakitin mai hankali da danshi an rufe shi ko an buɗe shi. Lokacin da ainihin jakar da aka rufe (tare da desiccant) ta kasance cikakke, yakamata a adana LEDs a ≤30°C da ≤90% Danshi Dangi (RH) kuma a yi amfani da su cikin shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe jakar hana danshi, yanayin ajiya bai kamata ya wuce 30°C ko 60% RH ba. Ana ba da shawarar sosai cewa na'urorin da aka cire daga fakitin asali su kasance ƙarƙashin reflow na IR cikin mako guda. Don ajiyar dogon lokaci a waje da ainihin jakar, yakamata a adana su a cikin akwati mai rufi tare da desiccant ko a cikin desiccator da aka tsarkake nitrogen don hana shan danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da "popcorning" yayin reflow.

7. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda

Ana samar da samfurin a cikin tsarin tef-da-reel wanda ya dace da hadawa ta atomatik. Fadin tef shine 8mm. Reels suna da diamita 7-inch kuma yawanci suna dauke da guda 3000 a kowane reel. Don adadin oda wanda ba kashi na 3000 ba, an ayyana mafi karancin adadin shiryawa na guda 500 don sauran. Fakitin ya dace da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA 481. Muhimman bayanan inganci don reel sun hada da: an rufe aljihun kayan aiki mara komai da tef ɗin murfi, kuma matsakaicin adadin abubuwan da suka ɓace a jere (fitilu) akan reel shine biyu.

8. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Zane

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikacen Manufa

Babban aikace-aikace da aka tsara don LTW-326DSKS-5A shine a matsayin tushen hasken gefe don raka'o'in hasken baya na LCD (BLUs) a cikin kayan lantarki na mabukaci da masana'antu. Wannan ya hada da na'urori na lura, talabijin, nunin kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, allunan kayan aiki, da alamun kasuwanci. Ruwan tabarau mai duban gefe an tsara shi musamman don haɗa haske yadda ya kamata zuwa gefen farantin jagorar haske (LGP), wanda sannan ya rarraba haske daidai a fadin yankin nuni ta amfani da ƙananan tsari ko alamu masu watsawa.

8.2 La'akari da Zane na Da'ira

Masu zane dole ne su aiwatar da hanyoyin iyakancewa masu dacewa, saboda LEDs na'urori ne masu motsa jini. Rukunin resistor mai sauƙi ya zama ruwan dare ga aikace-aikacen ƙananan igiyoyin ruwa, amma ana ba da shawarar direbobi masu ci gaba don ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali da tsawon rai, musamman lokacin da daidaiton haske ke da mahimmanci. Da'irar dole ne ta mutunta matsakaicin iyaka na ci gaba na gaba, wutar lantarki ta baya, da watsar da wutar lantarki. Gudanar da zafi kuma yana da mahimmanci; yayin da fakitin kansa ke watsar da zafi, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko ramukan zafi na iya taimakawa kiyaye ƙaramin zafin junction, adana fitarwar haske da tsawon rai na na'urar.

8.3 La'akari da Zane na Gani

Dole ne a yi la'akari da kusurwar kallo na digiri 130 a cikin zanen gani na jagorar haske da tsarin watsawa. Nisa daga saman fitar da LED zuwa gefen farantin jagorar haske, da kuma amfani da tef mai nunawa a kusa da LED, na iya yin tasiri sosai ga ingancin haɗawa da samuwar wuri mai zafi. Amfani da LED mai launi biyu (fari da rawaya) a cikin wannan fakitin yana nuna aikace-aikacen inda za a iya buƙatar haɗa launi ko takamaiman daidaita zafin launi, wanda aka sarrafa ta hanyar tuki guntu biyu daban.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban fasalin bambance-bambancen wannan bangaren shine tsarin ruwan tabarau mai duban gefe tare da tsarin guntu biyu (fari/rawaya) a cikin sawun SMD na yau da kullun. Idan aka kwatanta da LEDs masu fitarwa sama, masu fitarwa daga gefe a asali sun fi dacewa da aikace-aikacen hasken baya na gefe saboda suna jagorantar haske cikin jirgin saman jagorar haske maimakon a kai tsaye da shi, suna rage asarar gani. Haɗa launuka biyu yana ba da damar sassauƙa na zane wanda ba a samu a cikin fakitin fitarwa mai launi ɗaya ba. Amfani da InGaN don fari da AlInGaP don rawaya yana wakiltar daidaitattun fasahohin semiconductor masu aminci don waɗannan launuka, suna ba da inganci da kwanciyar hankali.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Q: Shin zan iya tuka guntu fari da rawaya lokaci guda a matsakaicin DC na 20mA kowanne?

A: Ee, amma dole ne ku yi la'akari da jimillar watsar da wutar lantarki. Guntun fari yana watsar da har zuwa 72mW kuma rawaya har zuwa 48mW, jimlar 120mW. Tsarin zafi na PCB dole ne ya sarrafa wannan nauyin zafi.

Q: Menene manufar lambobin binning?

A: Binning yana tabbatar da daidaito na lantarki da na gani. Don daidaitaccen hasken baya, yawanci za ku ayyana LEDs daga bins Iv da Hue iri ɗaya don guje wa bambance-bambancen haske ko launi a fadin nuni.

Q: Takardar bayani ta ambaci matsayin "matsakaicin ci gaba na gaba". Shin zan iya amfani da wannan don PWM dimming?

A: Ee, matsayin ci gaba na gaba (100mA don fari, 80mA don rawaya a ƙarƙashin 1/10 aikin aiki, 0.1ms bugun) yana ba da damar wuce gona da iri na gajere, wanda za'a iya amfani da shi a wasu tsare-tsaren PWM dimming don cimma mafi girman kewayon motsi. Koyaya, matsakaicin igiyar ruwa na lokaci dole ne har yanzu ya mutunta matsayin ci gaba na DC na gaba, kuma dole ne a tsara da'irar direba da kyau don isar da tsaftataccen bugun jini mai sauri.

Q: Yaya mahimmanci ne wa'adin reflow na mako 1 bayan buɗe jakar shinge na danshi?

A: Shawara ce mai karfi don hana lahani da danshi ya haifar. Idan an wuce wa'adin, yakamata a gasa LEDs bisa ga takamaiman matakin hankali na danshi (MSL) kafin reflow don cire danshin da aka sha.

11. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki

Misalin amfani na yau da kullun shine a cikin nunin taɓawa na masana'antu na 7-inch. Zanen ya kira don hasken baya na gefe tare da babban daidaito da takamaiman zafin launi. Injiniya ya zaɓi LED LTW-326DSKS-5A. Sun tsara PCB tare da LEDs 12 da aka sanya tare da gefen ƙasa na ramin nuni. Tsarin gindin gishiri ya bi girma da aka ba da shawara na takardar bayani. An zaɓi IC direba mai ci gaba don samar da 5mA mai tsayi ga kowane kirtani na LED. Don cimma ma'anar fari na 4500K da ake so, mai zane ya yanke shawarar tuka guntu fari na InGaN kawai. Sun ayyana duk LEDs daga Hue bin S3 da Luminous Intensity bin P don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske. Yayin hadawa, ana amfani da fakitin tef-da-reel tare da na'urar sanyawa ta atomatik. Allon yana jurewa tsarin reflow maras gubar tare da sarrafa matsakaicin zafin jiki a ƙasa da 260°C. Bayan hadawa, an haɗa farantin jagorar haske da fina-finai na gani a sama, wanda ya haifar da hasken baya mai haske, daidai don LCD.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Fasaha

Na'urar tana aiki akan ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin kayan semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki ta gaba a kan mahaɗin p-n na guntun LED, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yankin aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa. Wannan sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Tsayin tsayi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor. Guntu na InGaN yana da bandgap mafi fadi, wanda aka tsara don fitar da hasken shuɗi. Wannan hasken shuɗi sannan yana tayar da murfin phosphor a cikin fakitin, wanda ke jujjuya wasu hasken shuɗi zuwa tsayin tsayi (rawaya, ja), wanda ya haifar da fahimtar hasken fari - hanyar da aka sani da fari mai canzawa na phosphor. Guntu na AlInGaP yana da ƙaramin bandgap, yana fitar da haske kai tsaye a cikin yankin rawaya/amber na bakan ba tare da buƙatar canzawar phosphor ba. Ruwan tabarau mai duban gefe an yi shi da epoxy ko silicone wanda ke siffanta tsarin fitarwa.

13. Trends na Masana'antu da Ci gaba

Trend a cikin hasken baya na LCDs, musamman a cikin kayan lantarki na mabukaci, ya kasance zuwa ga ƙananan girma da ingantaccen inganci. Wannan yana haifar da haɓakar LEDs tare da ingantaccen inganci (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), yana ba da damar ƙananan LEDs ko ƙananan igiyoyin tuƙi don cimma irin wannan haske, adana makamashi da rage zafi. Hakanan akwai wani yanayi zuwa mafi kyawun ɗaukar hoto na launi, sau da yawa ta amfani da LEDs tare da ƙananan bakan fitarwa ko haɗa launuka na farko da yawa (RGB). Duk da yake wannan takamaiman samfurin yana amfani da haɗin fari+rawaya, wasu mafita na iya amfani da LED shuɗi + phosphor ja ko guntu masu launi iri-iri. Don nunin siriri sosai, daidaitaccen haɗin gani na LED mai fitarwa daga gefe zuwa faranti masu jagorar haske masu siriri yana ci gaba da zama babban ƙalubalen injiniya. Bugu da ƙari, hawan kai tsaye na Mini-LED backlights, waɗanda ke amfani da tsararrun ƙananan LEDs masu fitarwa sama a bayan panel, suna wakiltar wata hanyar fasaha ta zamani don nunin babban kewayon motsi (HDR), kodayake mafita masu haske na gefe kamar wanda wannan LED ke ba da damar su ci gaba da rinjaye don aikace-aikacen masu hankali da ƙarancin sarari.