LTST-S33GBEGK-SN SMD LED Takardar Bayani - 3.2x1.6x0.6mm - Shudi/Jajaye/Kore - 20mA - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakkun ƙayyadaddun bayanai na fasaha don LTST-S33GBEGK-SN, wata SMD LED mai kallon gefe, mai cikakken launi. An ƙera wannan kayan aiki don haɗa allon da'ira ta atomatik kuma ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari a cikin kewayon na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani da na masana'antu.

1.1 Siffofi

• Ya yi daidai da ka'idojin muhalli na RoHS.
• Fakitin mai kallon gefe mai sirri na 0.6mm tare da lallausan tagulla don ingantaccen solderability.
• Yana amfani da manyan ƙwayoyin semiconductor na InGaN (Shudi/Kore) da AlInGaP (Jajaye) masu haske.
• An yi fakitin a kan kaset mai girman 8mm wanda aka nannade a kan reel mai diamita 7-inch don ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik.
• Ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun fakitin EIA.
• Dabarun tuƙi masu dacewa da IC.
• Ya cika daidai da kayan aikin sanyawa ta atomatik na al'ada.
• An ƙera shi don jurewa hanyoyin solder na infrared (IR) reflow.

1.2 Aikace-aikace

An yi amfani da wannan LED a cikin kayan aikin lantarki daban-daban inda girman ƙanƙanta da ingantaccen aiki ke da mahimmanci. Yankunan aikace-aikace na al'ada sun haɗa da:

• Na'urorin sadarwa da kayan aikin sarrafa ofis.
• Kayan aikin gida da allunan sarrafa masana'antu.
• Hasken baya na maɓalli da madannai.
• Alamomin yanayi da wutar lantarki.
• Ƙananan nuni da hasken alama.
• Fitilun sigina.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Bayani na Haƙiƙa

Sashe masu zuwa suna ba da cikakken bayani game da halayen aikin LED a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji na al'ada (Ta=25°C).

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan yanayi ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):Shudi/Kore: 76 mW matsakaici; Jajaye: 50 mW matsakaici. Wannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci ga ƙirar sarrafa zafi.
• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (I_FP):Shudi/Kore: 100 mA (1/10 aikin aiki, bugun jini na 0.1ms); Jajaye: 80 mA. Don aikin bugun jini kawai.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba na DC (I_F):20 mA ga duk launuka. Wannan shine ƙarfin aiki na ci gaba da aka ba da shawarar.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki (T_opr):-20°C zuwa +80°C.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya (T_stg):-30°C zuwa +100°C.
• Yanayin Solder na Infrared:Yana jure zafin kololuwar 260°C na dakika 10, ya dace da hanyoyin reflow marasa gubar (Pb-free).

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da na Gani

An auna a I_F= 20 mA, Ta = 25°C, sai dai idan an lura da wani abu.

• Ƙarfin Haske (I_V):
  • Shudi: 224 - 450 mcd (matsakaici - matsakaici).
  • Jajaye: 400 - 750 mcd.
  • Kore: 1120 - 1900 mcd.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Na al'ada digiri 130. Wannan faɗin kusurwar dubawa siffa ce ta fakitin da ke fitar da haske daga gefe.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Fitowa (λ_P):Ƙimar al'ada sune Shudi: 468 nm, Jajaye: 632 nm, Kore: 518 nm.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):
  • Shudi: 465 - 475 nm.
  • Jajaye: 618 - 628 nm.
  • Kore: 520 - 530 nm.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Tsarin Haske (Δλ):Ƙimar al'ada sune Shudi: 25 nm, Jajaye: 17 nm, Kore: 35 nm. Wannan yana nuna tsaftar tsarin hasken da aka fitar.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (V_F):
  • Shudi/Kore: 2.55 - 3.30 V.
  • Jajaye: 1.90 - 2.50 V.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Baya (I_R):Matsakaici 10 μA a V_R= 5V. Lura: Ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin bias na baya ba; wannan ma'auni ne kawai don dalilai na gwajin IR.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa (Binning)

Ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa rukunoni bisa mahimman ma'auni na lantarki da na gani don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samar da yawa. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikace don daidaiton launi da haske.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (V_F)

A I_F= 20 mA. Tolerancin akan kowane rukuni shine ±0.1V.

• Shudi & Kore:Rukuni 1: 2.55-3.05V; Rukuni 2: 3.05-3.30V.
• Jajaye:Rukuni 1: 1.90-2.20V; Rukuni 2: 2.20-2.50V.

3.2 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Haske (I_V)

A I_F= 20 mA. Tolerancin akan kowane rukuni shine ±15%.

• Shudi:S2 (224-280 mcd), T1 (280-355 mcd), T2 (355-450 mcd).
• Jajaye:U1 (400-500 mcd), U2 (500-600 mcd), U3 (600-750 mcd).
• Kore:W1 (1120-1380 mcd), W2 (1380-1640 mcd), W3 (1640-1900 mcd).

4. Bincike akan Lakatunan Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman bayanan hoto a cikin takardar bayani, an bayyana alaƙar al'ada a ƙasa bisa ga ilimin kimiyyar LED na al'ada.

4.1 Halayen Ƙarfin Wuta da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (I-V)

Ƙarfin wutar gaba (V_F) yana nuna alaƙar logarithmic tare da ƙarfin wutar gaba (I_F). Yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin wuta amma kuma yana dogara da zafin jiki, yawanci yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi.

4.2 Ƙarfin Haske da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (I_V-I_F)

Ƙarfin haske yana kusan daidai da ƙarfin wutar gaba a cikin kewayon aiki na al'ada. Duk da haka, inganci na iya raguwa a manyan ƙarfin wuta saboda ƙarin tasirin zafi da abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin kayan semiconductor.

4.3 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Aikin LED yana shafar sosai ta hanyar zafin haɗin gwiwa (T_j). Yawanci, ƙarfin haske yana raguwa yayin da T_jya ƙaru. Ƙarfin wutar gaba (V_F) don LED na tushen InGaN (Shudi/Kore) gabaɗaya yana raguwa tare da hawan zafin jiki, yayin da na LED na tushen AlInGaP (Jajaye), raguwar ba ta da yawa. Ingantaccen zafi da sarrafa ƙarfin wuta suna da mahimmanci don kiyaye ingantaccen fitarwa na gani da amincin dogon lokaci.

4.4 Rarraba Tsarin Haske (Spectral Distribution)

An siffanta tsarin hasken da aka fitar ta hanyar tsayin tsayin kololuwa (λ_P) da rabin faɗin tsarin haske (Δλ). Matsakaicin tsayin tsayi (λ_d) shine tsayin tsayi guda ɗaya wanda idon ɗan adam ke gani. Tsarin zai iya canzawa kaɗan tare da canje-canje a cikin ƙarfin tuƙi da zafin haɗin gwiwa.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Fakitin

LTST-S33GBEGK-SN yana zaune a cikin fakitin SOP (Small Outline Package) mai kallon gefe. Manyan girma (a cikin millimeters) sune kamar haka, tare da jurewar gabaɗaya na ±0.1mm: Jikin fakitin yana auna kusan 3.2mm a tsayi, 1.6mm a faɗi, kuma yana da tsayi na 0.6mm, yana mai da shi wani abu mai sirri. Aikin fil ɗin shine: Fil 1: Kore cathode, Fil 3: Jajaye anode, Fil 4: Shudi anode (takamaiman ayyukan fil ɗin ya kamata a tabbatar daga zanen fakitin).

5.2 Tsarin Gindin PCB da aka Shawarta da Kuma Polarity

An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa don PCB don tabbatar da ingantaccen haɗin solder da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya yayin reflow. Zanen ya yi la'akari da samuwar fillet na solder da hana kabari. Bayyanannen alamar polarity akan silkscreen na PCB wanda ya dace da alamar fil 1 na LED yana da mahimmanci don hana shigar da kuskure.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Yanayin Solder na IR Reflow (Tsari maras Gubar)

Na'urar tana cancanta don solder na infrared reflow maras gubar. Shawarar bayanin martaba ta haɗa da matakin preheat, yankin jiƙa, yankin reflow tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba na tsawon dakika 10, da kuma matakin sanyaya mai sarrafawa. Yin bin wannan bayanin martaba yana da mahimmanci don hana lalacewar zafi ga fakitin LED da haɗin waya na ciki.

6.2 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi. Nitse LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya yana da kyau. Yin amfani da kaushi na sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba ko kuma mai ƙarfi zai iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy da kayan fakitin, wanda zai haifar da raguwar fitar da haske ko gazawa da wuri.

6.3 Ajiya da Gudanarwa

• Hatsarin ESD:LED suna da hankali ga fitar da wutar lantarki (ESD). Ya kamata a yi gudanarwa ta amfani da igiyoyin wuyan hannu masu ƙasa, tabarma mai hana tashin hankali, da kwantena. Dole ne duk kayan aiki su kasance da ƙasa da kyau.
• Hankalin Danshi:An ƙididdige fakitin a MSL 3. Lokacin da aka rufe jakar hana danshi ta asali tare da busasshiyar bushewa, ajiya ya kamata ya kasance a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH, tare da rayuwar shiryayye na shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe, ya kamata a adana abubuwan a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH kuma ya kamata a yi IR-reflow a cikin mako guda. Don ajiya fiye da mako guda daga jakar asali, ana buƙatar gasa a 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin solder don cire danshin da aka sha da kuma hana "popcorning" yayin reflow.

7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kaset da Reel

Ana ba da LED ɗin akan kaset mai ɗaukar hoto mai faɗin 8mm. An nannade kaset ɗin akan reel mai diamita 7-inch (178mm) na al'ada. Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da guda 3000. An rufe aljihun kaset ɗin tare da murfin saman kariya. Marufi ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481. Don adadin ƙasa da cikakken reel, mafi ƙarancin adadin shiryayye na guda 500 ya shafi sauran.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da su a Zane

• Ƙuntatawa na Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa na yanzu ko direba mai ƙarfi na yanzu don saita I_Fzuwa matakin da ake so (yawanci 20mA matsakaici DC). An ƙididdige ƙimar resistor kamar R = (Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki - V_F) / I_F.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Ko da yake rushewar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko ramukan zafi, musamman ga LED Jajaye wanda ke da ƙarancin ƙimar Pd, don fitar da zafi daga haɗin gwiwar LED da kuma kiyaye aiki da tsawon rai.
• Zanen Gani:Yanayin fitar da gefe na wannan fakitin ya dace da jagororin haske na hasken gefe, haskaka alamomi daga gefe, ko samar da alamar yanayi a gefen PCB. Yi la'akari da kusurwar dubawa na digiri 130 lokacin zana bututun haske ko ruwan tabarau.

8.2 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Don amfani mai sauƙi na nuni, kowane tashar launi (Jajaye, Kore, Shudi) za a iya tuƙa su da kansu ta hanyar fil ɗin GPIO na microcontroller ta hanyar resistor mai dacewa mai iyakancewa. Don samar da launi da yawa ko farin haske (ta hanyar haɗa RGB), ana ba da shawarar sarrafa PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) mai zurfi don cimma haɗakar launi da duhu ba tare da canza launi ba.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Manyan abubuwan banbance-banbance na wannan ɓangaren sunesiffar sirri na 0.6mmda kumafitarwa mai kallon gefe. Idan aka kwatanta da LED masu fitar da sama, wannan fakitin yana ba da damar ƙirar masana'antu na sababbin abubuwa inda sararin samaniya ya yi ƙanƙanta sosai, kamar a cikin na'urorin wayar hannu masu sirri, fasahar sawa, ko bayan alluna. Haɗakar ƙwayoyin haske guda uku daban-daban masu haske (InGaN Shudi/Kore, AlInGaP Jajaye) a cikin fakitin fitarwa na gefe ɗaya yana ba da mafita mai cikakken launi a cikin siffar siffa wanda aka keɓe don LED na gefe ɗaya launi.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

10.1 Shin zan iya tuka LED sama da 20mA don ƙarin haske?

Ba a ba da shawarar aiki a ci gaba sama da matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar gaba na DC na 20mA ba saboda zai wuce ƙimar rushewar wutar lantarki, wanda zai haifar da wuce gona da iri na zafin haɗin gwiwa, haɓakar raguwar lumen, da yuwuwar gazawa mai tsanani. Don ƙarin haske, zaɓi LED daga rukunin ƙarfin haske mafi girma ko kuma yi la'akari da aikin bugun jini a cikin ƙimar ƙarfin kololuwa.

10.2 Me ya sa ƙarfin wutar gaba ya bambanta ga kowane launi?

Ƙarfin wutar gaba wata mahimmanciya ce ta bandgap na kayan semiconductor. LED Shudi da Kore suna amfani da kayan InGaN tare da faɗin bandgap, wanda ke haifar da mafi girma V_F(yawanci ~3.0V). LED Jajaye suna amfani da kayan AlInGaP tare da ƙaramin bandgap, wanda ke haifar da ƙaramin V_F(yawanci ~2.0V). Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan a cikin ƙirar da'ira, musamman lokacin tuƙi launuka da yawa daga layin wutar lantarki ɗaya.

10.3 Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin rarrabawa (bin codes)?

Ana amfani da lambobin rukuni (misali, T1 don ƙarfin Shudi, U2 don ƙarfin Jajaye, Rukuni 1 don ƙarfin wuta) yayin masana'anta don rarraba LED bisa ga aikin da aka auna. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton launi ko haske (misali, tsararrun LED da yawa, hasken baya), ƙayyadaddun da amfani da LED daga lambobin rukuni ɗaya yana da mahimmanci. Tuntuɓi teburun lambobin rukuni a sashe na 3.1 da 3.2 don zaɓar kewayon aikin da ya dace don zanen ku.

11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi: Alamar Yanayi akan Uwar Allon Na'urar Masu Amfani mai Sirri.Mai zane yana haɓaka agogon waya mai wayo tare da ƙuntatawa na kauri na uwar allon na 1.0mm. Ana buƙatar alamar yanayi mai launi da yawa (misali, caji=Jajaye, cikakken caji=Kore, Bluetooth ya haɗa=Shudi) a gefen allon. LTST-S33GBEGK-SN shine zaɓi mai kyau. Tsayinsa na 0.6mm ya dace da ambulaf ɗin injiniya. Fitar da gefe yana ba da damar haɗa hasken kai tsaye zuwa cikin ƙaramin jagorar haske wanda ke gudana zuwa gefen na'urar, yana haskaka ƙaramin taga. Mai zane zai sanya da'irori masu zaman kansu guda uku (fil ɗin microcontroller + resistor) don kowane tashar launi akan PCB, bin tsarin gindin da aka ba da shawarar. Za su ƙayyade LED daga V ɗaya_Fda I_Vrukuna don tabbatar da daidaiton haske da bayyanar launi a duk raka'o'in da ke cikin samarwa.

12. Gabatarwa akan Ƙa'idar Aiki

Diodes masu fitar da haske (LED) na'urorin semiconductor ne waɗanda ke fitar da haske ta hanyar electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar gaba a kan haɗin p-n, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka zuwa yankin aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa. Makamashin da aka saki yayin wannan sake haɗuwa ana fitar da shi azaman photons (haske). Launi (tsayin tsayi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su a yankin aiki. LTST-S33GBEGK-SN yana haɗa irin waɗannan haɗin gwiwar p-n guda uku waɗanda aka yi daga kayan semiconductor daban-daban (InGaN don shudi/kore, AlInGaP don jajaye) a cikin fakitin epoxy-molded guda ɗaya, kowannensu yana da haɗin lantarki daban.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Ci gaban SMD LED yana ci gaba da mayar da hankali kan yankuna masu mahimmanci da yawa:Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki (lm/W):Ci gaba da inganta girma na epitaxial da ƙirar ƙwayar cuta yana haifar da ƙarin fitar da haske a kowace raka'a na ƙarfin shigar da lantarki.Ƙananan Girma:Fakitin suna zama ƙanana da sirri don ba da damar haɗakarwa mai yawa da sabbin siffofi a cikin na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani.Ingantaccen Bayyanar Launi da Daidaito:Ci gaba a cikin fasahar phosphor (don farin LED) da matsananciyar hanyoyin rarrabawa suna ba da damar samar da launi mafi daidai da daidaito.Mafi Girman Aminci da Tsawon Rayuwa:Ingantattun kayan fakitin da ƙirar sarrafa zafi suna tsawaita rayuwar aiki, suna mai da LED ya dace da ƙarin aikace-aikace masu ƙarfi. Fakitin mai kallon gefe, mai ƙwayoyin cuta da wannan takardar bayani ta wakilta ita ce amsa ga buƙatar ƙananan mafita na haske a cikin na'urorin da ke da ƙarancin sarari.