LTST-S220KFKT LED Mai Haske Orange SMD - AlInGaP Chip - 20mA - 90mcd - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTST-S220KFKT LED ne mai ƙarfin haske, mai hawa a saman allon (SMD) wanda ke duban gefe. Yana amfani da guntu na semiconductor AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide), wanda aka sani da samar da haske orange mai inganci da haske. An ƙera wannan kayan don hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik kuma ya dace da daidaitattun dabarun gyarawa ta infrared reflow, wanda ya sa ya dace da masana'antu masu yawan samarwa. Babban aikinsa shi ne a matsayin fitilar nuni ko tushen haske a baya a cikin na'urorin lantarki daban-daban inda sarari ya yi ƙunci kuma siffar fitar da haske daga gefe ta fi dacewa.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Cibiyar

• Ƙarfin Haske Mai Girma:Fasahar AlInGaP tana ba da ƙarfin haske mai girma, tare da ƙimar al'ada na millicandelas 90 (mcd) a halin yanzu na gaba (forward current) na 20mA.
• Faɗin Kallon Kallo:Yana da kusurwar kallo mai digiri 130 (2θ1/2), yana tabbatar da kyakkyawan gani daga ra'ayoyi daban-daban.
• Abokantaka da Atomatik:Ana isar da shi akan tef mai nisan milimita 8 da aka ɗora akan reels inci 7, wanda ya dace da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik don ingantaccen haɗin PCB.
• Ginin Ƙarfi:An ƙera shi don jure daidaitattun bayanan gyarawa na infrared marasa gubar (Pb-free), tare da iyakar zafin jiki mafi girma na 260°C na dakika 10.
• Yin Biyayya:Samfurin ya cika umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa masu Haɗari).

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bayani game da mahimman sigogi na lantarki, gani, da zafin jiki waɗanda ke ayyana aikin LED da iyakokin aiki.

2.1 Madaidaicin Ƙimar Iyaka

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin na tsawon lokaci ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):75 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da marufin LED zai iya watsar da shi cikin aminci a matsayin zafi.
• Halin Yanzu Mafi Girma na Gaba (IFP):80 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu da aka yarda da shi na bugun jini, yawanci ana ƙayyade shi a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗa kamar zagayowar aiki 1/10 da faɗin bugun jini na 0.1ms. Ana amfani da shi don ɗimbin walƙiya masu ƙarfi na ɗan gajeren lokaci.
• Halin Yanzu na Ci gaba (IF):30 mA DC. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu na tsayayye don aiki na ci gaba.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V. Wuce wannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin bias na baya zai iya lalata haɗin PN na LED.
• Kewayon Zafin Jiki na Aiki (Topr):-30°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon zafin yanayin da aka ƙera LED don yin aiki daidai a cikinsa.
• Kewayon Zafin Jiki na Ajiya (Tstg):-40°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon zafin jiki don ajiya lafiya lokacin da na'urar ba ta kunna wuta ba.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Gani

An auna su a daidaitaccen zafin yanayi na 25°C, waɗannan sigogi suna ayyana aikin al'ada na LED a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na al'ada.

• Ƙarfin Haske (Iv):Ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 45.0 mcd zuwa na al'ada 90.0 mcd a IF=20mA. Wannan yana auna hasken da ido na ɗan adam ya gane daga fitar da haske.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Yawanci 2.4V, tare da matsakaicin 2.4V a IF=20mA. Wannan shine faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da yake gudanar da halin yanzu.
• Tsayin Raƙuman Haske Mafi Girma (λP):611 nm. Wannan shine tsayin raƙuman haske inda ƙarfin haske ya fi girma. Ga wannan LED orange, ya faɗi a cikin sashin orange-ja na bakan haske.
• Tsayin Raƙuman Haske da ya fi Rinjaye (λd):605 nm. An samo wannan daga zanen launi na CIE kuma yana wakiltar tsayin raƙuman haske guda ɗaya wanda ya fi bayyana launin hasken da muke gani.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan Haske (Δλ):17 nm. Wannan yana nuna tsaftar bakan haske; ƙaramin ƙima yana nufin fitar da haske mai launi ɗaya (tsaftataccen launi).
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):10 μA matsakaici a VR=5V. Wannan shine ƙaramin halin yanzu na ɓarna da ke gudana lokacin da LED ke cikin bias na baya a cikin matsakaicin ƙimarsa.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabe (Binning)

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin haske a cikin rukunonin samarwa, ana rarraba LEDs zuwa rukunoni dangane da ƙarfin hasken da aka auna. LTST-S220KFKT yana amfani da tsarin rarrabewa tare da lambobi da kewayon masu zuwa, an auna su a 20mA. Yarjejeniya ga kowane rukunin ƙarfin haske shine +/-15%.

• Lambar Rukunin P:45.0 - 71.0 mcd
• Lambar Rukunin Q:71.0 - 112.0 mcd
• Lambar Rukunin R:112.0 - 180.0 mcd
• Lambar Rukunin S:180.0 - 280.0 mcd

Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar LEDs daga takamaiman rukunin don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar matakan haske iri ɗaya.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lanƙwasa masu hoto a cikin takardar bayanai, tasirinsu yana da mahimmanci ga zane.

4.1 Halin Yanzu da Ƙarfin Haske (Lanƙwasa I-Iv)

Fitar da haske (ƙarfin haske) na LED yana daidai da halin yanzu na gaba da ke gudana ta cikinsa, har zuwa wani lokaci. Yin aiki sama da shawarar halin yanzu na ci gaba (30mA) na iya haifar da zafi mai yawa, rage tsawon rayuwa, da canjin launi. Ƙimar halin yanzu na bugun jini (80mA) tana ba da damar ɗimbin walƙiya mafi haske ba tare da lalacewa ta zafi ba, saboda babu isasshen lokaci don tarin zafi.

4.2 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Aikin LED yana da hankali ga zafin jiki. Yayin da zafin haɗin (junction temperature) ya karu:

• Ƙarfin Haske Yana Ragewa:Fitar da haske yawanci tana raguwa. Ƙayyadaddun bayanan takardar suna a 25°C; a manyan yanayin zafin aiki, fitarwa zai yi ƙasa.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba Yana Ragewa:VF yana da ma'auni mara kyau na zafin jiki (negative temperature coefficient).
• Tsayin Raƙuman Haske Yana Canzawa:Tsayin raƙuman haske mafi girma da wanda ya fi rinjaye na iya canzawa kaɗan, wanda zai iya shafar launin da ake gani.

Ingantaccen sarrafa zafi (misali, isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB don nutsewar zafi) yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye aiki da aminci.

4.3 Rarraba Haske (Spectral Distribution)

Lanƙwasa bakan haske yana nuna ƙarfin haske a tsakanin tsayin raƙuman haske daban-daban. Kololuwar a 611nm da rabin faɗin 17nm sun tabbatar da cewa wannan LED orange ne tare da kunkuntar faɗin bakan haske, yana ba da launi mai cika.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

LED yana da ƙirar marufi mai duban gefe, ma'ana fitar da haske na farko yana daga gefen kayan aiki maimakon saman. Wannan ya dace da aikace-aikacen hasken gefe.

5.1 Girman Marufi da Polarity

Kayan aikin yana bin daidaitaccen tsarin marufi na EIA. Mahimman iyakokin girma yawanci ±0.10mm ne. Cathode (tashar mara kyau) yawanci ana nuna shi da alama akan marufi, kamar tsaga, ɗigo, ko guntun jagora. Takardar bayanai ta haɗa da cikakken zanen girma tare da shawarar shimfidar gindin gyarawa don tabbatar da daidaitawar daidai da samuwar haɗin gyarawa yayin reflow.

5.2 Tsarin Gindin Gyarawa da aka Shawarta

An ba da shimfidar ƙasa da aka ba da shawarar (sawun gindin gyarawa) don sauƙaƙe kyakkyawan yawan gyarawa da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya. Bin wannan zane yana taimakawa hana matsaloli kamar kabari (ƙarshen ɗaya yana ɗaga daga kan gindi) ko rashin isasshen haɗin gyarawa.

6. Jagororin Gyarawa da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Gyarawa ta Reflow

LED ya dace da hanyoyin reflow na infrared marasa gubar (Pb-free). An ba da shawarar bayanin, yana bin ka'idojin JEDEC. Mahimman sigogi sun haɗa da:

• Dumama Kafin:150-200°C har zuwa dakika 120 don dumama allon a hankali da kunna kwararar man gyarawa.
• Zafin Jiki Mafi Girma:Matsakaicin 260°C.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus (TAL):Lokacin da haɗin gyarawa ya ciyar sama da wurin narkewa ya kamata ya isa don damshin da ya dace amma ba wuce gona da iri ba don guje wa damuwa na zafi akan LED. Bayanin yana ba da shawarar matsakaicin lokacin zafin jiki na dakika 10 mafi girma.

Kayan aikin zai iya jure wannan tsarin reflow har sau biyu kawai.

6.2 Gyarawa da Hannu

Idan gyarawa da hannu ya zama dole, yi amfani da ƙarfe mai sarrafa zafin jiki da aka saita zuwa matsakaicin 300°C. Iyakance lokacin haɗuwa zuwa dakika 3 a kowane haɗin gwiwa, kuma ku yi gyarawa sau ɗaya kawai don hana lalacewar zafi ga marufin filastik da haɗin wayoyi na ciki.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan gyarawa, yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi kawai. Nitse LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya yana yarda. Guji amfani da sinadarai masu ƙarfi ko waɗanda ba a ƙayyade ba waɗanda zasu iya lalata ruwan tabarau na filastik ko marufi.

6.4 Ajiya da Sarrafawa

• Hattara na ESD:LEDs suna da hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki ta electrostatic (ESD). Yi amfani da igiyoyin wuyan hannu, tabarmai masu hana wutar lantarki, da kayan aikin da aka kafa da kyau yayin sarrafawa.
• Hankali ga Danshi:Yayin da takardar bayanai ta nuna an rufe marufin, daidaitattun hattarori na MSL (Matakin Hankali ga Danshi) sun shafi abubuwan SMD bayan an buɗe ainihin marufin. Idan an fallasa shi ga ɗanɗano na yanayi, ana iya buƙatar gasa (misali, 60°C na sa'o'i 20) kafin reflow don hana "popcorning" (fashewar marufi saboda matsa lamba tururi yayin dumama).
• Yanayin Ajiya:Ga buɗaɗɗen marufi, ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤60% danshin dangi. Ana ba da shawarar amfani da shi cikin mako ɗaya don mafi kyawun sakamako.

7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

Daidaitaccen tsarin marufi yana da mahimmanci don haɗawa ta atomatik.

• Tef da Reel:Ana sanya abubuwan a cikin tef mai ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin milimita 8.
• Girman Reel:Inci 7 a diamita.
• Adadin Kowane Reel:Guda 4000.
• Bayanan Marufi:Ana rufe buɗaɗɗen aljihu da tef mai rufewa. Matsakaicin adadin abubuwan da suka ɓace a jere shine biyu. Mafi ƙarancin adadin oda na ragowar shine guda 500. Marufi ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481.

8. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ɗauka a Hankali

8.1 Da'irorin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

LEDs na'urori ne masu sarrafa halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske da tsawon rayuwa, dole ne a sarrafa su tare da halin yanzu na akai-akai ko tare da resistor mai iyakancewa a jere lokacin amfani da tushen ƙarfin lantarki.

Misalin Lissafi na Resistor a Jere (ta amfani da wutar lantarki 5V da VF na al'ada=2.4V, IF=20mA):
Ƙimar Resistor, R = (Vsupply - VF) / IF = (5V - 2.4V) / 0.020A = 130 Ohms.
Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Resistor, P = (Vsupply - VF) * IF = (2.6V) * 0.020A = 0.052W. Daidaitaccen resistor na 1/8W (0.125W) ko 1/10W ya isa.

Don LEDs da yawa, haɗa su a jere (idan ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya isa) ya fi haɗin kai, saboda yana tabbatar da halin yanzu iri ɗaya ta kowace LED, yana haɓaka daidaiton haske.

8.2 Abubuwan Ɗauka a Hankali na Zane

• Sarrafa Zafi:Tabbatar cewa shimfidar PCB yana ba da isasshen taimakon zafi, musamman idan ana aiki kusa da matsakaicin ƙimar halin yanzu. Haɗa gindin zafi (idan yana nan) zuwa filin ƙasa zai iya taimaka watsar da zafi.
• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:Kada a taɓa haɗa LED kai tsaye zuwa tushen ƙarfin lantarki ba tare da tsarin iyakancewa halin yanzu ba.
• Kariya daga Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya:Guci amfani da bias na baya. A cikin da'irori inda ƙarfin lantarki na baya zai yiwu (misali, haɗin AC), yi la'akari da ƙara diode na kariya a layi daya da LED (cathode-zuwa-cathode, anode-zuwa-anode).

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

LTST-S220KFKT ya bambanta kansa ta hanyar haɗuwar fasahar AlInGaP da marufin duban gefe. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LEDs na GaAsP ko GaP, AlInGaP yana ba da inganci mai girma da haske don launukan orange/ja. Siffar duban gefe tana ba da sassaucin zane don aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar jagorantar haske a kwance a saman, kamar a cikin hasken maɓalli, alamomin matsayi a gefen na'ura, ko jagororin haske.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQs)

10.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin raƙuman haske mafi girma (peak wavelength) da tsayin raƙuman haske da ya fi rinjaye (dominant wavelength)?

Tsayin raƙuman haske mafi girma (λP) shine tsayin raƙuman haske na zahiri inda LED ke fitar da mafi yawan ƙarfin haske. Tsayin raƙuman haske da ya fi rinjaye (λd) ƙima ce da aka ƙidaya dangane da fahimtar launi na ɗan adam (ginshiƙi na CIE) wanda ya fi wakiltar launin da muke gani. Sau da yawa suna kusa amma ba iri ɗaya ba.

10.2 Shin zan iya sarrafa wannan LED ta amfani da wutar lantarki mai 3.3V?

Ee. Ta amfani da VF na al'ada na 2.4V a 20mA, za a ƙididdige resistor a jere kamar haka: R = (3.3V - 2.4V) / 0.020A = 45 Ohms. Tabbatar cewa matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na resistor ya isa (0.9V * 0.02A = 0.018W).

10.3 Me ya sa akwai ƙimar halin yanzu mafi girma (peak current) wacce ta fi na yau da kullun (continuous current) girma sosai?

Ƙimar halin yanzu mafi girma (80mA) don ɗimbin walƙiya masu gajeren lokaci ne (0.1ms). Wannan yana ba LED damar samar da walƙiya mai haske sosai don dalilai na sigina ba tare da zafin haɗin ya tashi zuwa matakan lalacewa ba, saboda babu isasshen lokaci don tarin zafi. Don haske akai-akai, ba za a wuce halin yanzu na ci gaba (30mA) ba.

10.4 Ta yaya zan fassara lambar rarrabewa (bin code)?

Lambar rukunin (misali, P, Q, R, S) akan lakabin reel ko marufi tana nuna kewayon ƙarfin haske na LEDs a ciki. Zaɓin daga rukunin guda ɗaya yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin samfurin ku. Misali, LEDs na Rukunin S za su fi na Rukunin P haske sosai idan aka sarrafa su da halin yanzu iri ɗaya.

11. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki

Labari: Zana alamar baturi mara ƙarfi don na'urar ɗaukar hoto.
LTST-S220KFKT zaɓi ne mai kyau. Launin orange ɗin sa alama ce ta gargaɗi ta gama gari. Marufin duban gefe yana ba shi damar ɗorawa a gefen PCB, yana jagorantar haske zuwa taga mai wucewa a kan akwatin na'urar. Ana sarrafa shi a 15-20mA ta hanyar filin GPIO da resistor a jere daga layin 3.3V na na'urar, yana ba da sigina mai haske, mai haske. Faɗin kusurwar kallo mai digiri 130 yana tabbatar da cewa ana iya ganin alamar ko da an duba na'urar daga kusurwa. Dacewarsa da gyarawa ta reflow yana ba shi damar haɗawa tare da duk sauran abubuwan SMD a wucewa ɗaya, yana rage farashin masana'antu.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

LED diode ne na semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin bandgap ɗinsa, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki (guntun AlInGaP a wannan yanayin). Wannan sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin siffar photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke ciki na semiconductor (AlInGaP) yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kuma yana ƙayyade tsayin raƙuman haske (launi) na fitar da haske—a wannan yanayin, orange. Marufin duban gefe ya haɗa da ruwan tabarau na filastik da aka ƙera wanda ke siffatawa da jagorantar hasken da aka fitar daga guntu zuwa gefe.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Amfani da kayan AlInGaP yana wakiltar fasaha da aka kafa kuma balagagge don samar da ingantaccen LEDs ja, orange, da rawaya. Ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin masana'antar LED mai faɗi yana mai da hankali kan ƙara inganci (lumens kowace watt), inganta bayyana launi, da ba da damar yawan wutar lantarki mafi girma. Ga LEDs irin na alama kamar LTST-S220KFKT, trends sun haɗa da ƙara ƙaramin girma, haɓaka kusurwar kallo mafi faɗi, da ingantaccen dacewa da matsananciyar hanyoyin haɗawa. Yunkurin zuwa mafi girman atomatik da aminci a cikin masana'antar lantarki yana ci gaba da sanya ƙarfi, SMD LEDs masu iya gyarawa ta reflow zaɓi na daidaitaccen zaɓi akan abubuwan da ke cikin rami.