SMD LED Mai Duban Gefe Orange 5A - Mai Haske Mai Tsananin AlInGaP - 5V Karfin Juyawa - 75mW Ikon - Takardun Fasaha na Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta cika bayanin ƙayyadaddun bayanai don babban aiki, SMD LED mai duban gefe. Na'urar tana amfani da guntu na semiconductor AlInGaP mai tsananin haske don samar da hasken orange. An ƙera shi da fakitin ruwa mai tsabta, yana ba da faɗin kusurwar kallo wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen nuna alama da hasken baya inda ake buƙatar fitarwa ta gefe. Samfurin ya bi ka'idojin RoHS, yana rarrabe shi azaman samfurin kore. Ɗayan sa ya dace da daidaitattun kayan aikin ɗauka da sanya atomatik da hanyoyin gudanar da IR reflow, yana mai da shi kyakkyawan ƙira don samarwa mai yawa. Ana ba da LEDs akan tef mai girman 8mm da aka ɗora akan reels masu diamita 7-inch, suna bin daidaitaccen fakitin EIA.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Ƙididdiga Mafi Girma

Ƙididdiga mafi girma suna bayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ana ƙayyade waɗannan ƙimar a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C kuma ba za a wuce su a kowane yanayi na aiki ba.

• Rushewar Ikon (Pd):75 mW. Wannan shine iyakar ikon da fakitin LED zai iya watsawa azaman zafi ba tare da lalata aiki ko haifar da gazawa ba.
• Ci gaba da Ci gaba (IF):30 mA DC. Matsakaicin ƙarfin halin yanzu na tsaye wanda za'a iya amfani dashi akai-akai.
• Kololuwar Ci gaba:80 mA. Wannan yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da aikin aiki na 1/10 da faɗin bugun jini na 0.1ms. Wuce ƙimar halin yanzu na DC a cikin yanayin bugun jini yana ba da damar haske mai tsanani nan take.
• Ƙarfin Juyawa (VR):5 V. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki da za'a iya amfani dashi a cikin hanyar juyawa a kan LED. Wuce wannan na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Ƙimar Fitarwa ta Electrostatic (ESD) (HBM):1000 V (Samfurin Jikin Mutum). Wannan yana nuna hankalin na'urar ga lantarki; dole ne a bi hanyoyin sarrafa ESD da suka dace.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-30°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon zafin muhalli wanda aka ƙera LED don yin aiki daidai.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon zafin jiki don ajiya lafiya lokacin da na'urar ba ta kunna wuta ba.
• Yanayin Gudanar da IR Reflow:Matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na iyakar 10 seconds. Wannan yana bayyana yanayin zafi da fakitin zai iya jurewa yayin haɗawa.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki-Gani

Ana auna waɗannan sigogi a Ta=25°C kuma suna bayyana aikin na yau da kullun na LED a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun. Gwajin halin yanzu (IF) don mafi yawan sigogi na gani shine 5 mA.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):Ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 11.2 millicandelas (mcd) zuwa ƙimar na yau da kullun na 71.0 mcd a 5 mA. Ana auna ƙarfi ta amfani da firikwensin da aka tace don dacewa da madaidaicin amsawar ido na mutum (CIE).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Digiri 130. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar da aka auna akan tsakiyar axis. Faɗin kusurwar kallo siffa ce ta LEDs masu duban gefe tare da ruwa mai tsabta.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λP):611 nanometers (nm). Wannan shine tsawon tsawon da ƙarfin haske na LED ya kasance a matsakaicinsa.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λd):605 nm. An samo shi daga zanen launi na CIE, wannan shine tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya wanda ya fi wakiltar launin da idon mutum ya gani (orange) na LED.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Gani (Δλ):17 nm. Wannan sigogi yana nuna tsabtar gani ko faɗin band na hasken da aka fitar, ana auna shi azaman cikakken faɗi a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfi (FWHM).
• Ƙarfin Ci gaba (VF):Tsakanin 1.6 V (min) da 2.3 V (max) a IF=5mA. Wannan shine faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da yake gudanar da halin yanzu.
• Halin Juyawa (IR):Matsakaicin microamperes 10 (μA) lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin juyawa (VR) na 5V. Ƙarancin halin yanzu na juyawa yana da kyau.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Ƙarfin hasken LED na iya bambanta daga rukuni zuwa rukuni. Don tabbatar da daidaito ga mai amfani na ƙarshe, ana rarraba na'urori zuwa kwandon ƙarfi bisa ga aikin da aka auna a 5 mA. Lambar kwandon tana bayyana mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin haske da mafi girma da aka tabbatar don LEDs da aka yiwa alama da wannan lambar. Tolerancin a cikin kowane kwandon shine +/- 15%.

• Lambar Kwandon L:11.2 mcd (Min) zuwa 18.0 mcd (Max)
• Lambar Kwandon M:18.0 mcd (Min) zuwa 28.0 mcd (Max)
• Lambar Kwandon N:28.0 mcd (Min) zuwa 45.0 mcd (Max)
• Lambar Kwandon P:45.0 mcd (Min) zuwa 71.0 mcd (Max)

Wannan tsarin yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LEDs tare da sanannen kewayon haske don aikace-aikacensu, yana taimakawa wajen cimma daidaitaccen haske a cikin ƙirar LED da yawa.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lanƙwasa masu hoto a cikin takardar bayanai (misali, Fig.1 don rarraba gani, Fig.6 don kusurwar kallo), ana iya bayyana halayensu na yau da kullun bisa ga ilimin lantarki na semiconductor da daidaitattun halayen LED.

4.1 Ci gaba da Halin Yanzu vs. Ci gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Kayan AlInGaP suna da ƙarfin ci gaba na halitta yawanci tsakanin 1.6V da 2.3V a 5mA. Lanƙwasa I-V yana da ƙima; ƙaramin ƙari a cikin ƙarfin ci gaba yana haifar da babban ƙari a cikin halin yanzu na gaba. Saboda haka, ana ba da shawarar tuƙi LED tare da tushen halin yanzu na dindindin akan tushen ƙarfin lantarki na dindindin don hana guduwar zafi da tabbatar da fitowar haske mai tsayi.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Ci gaba da Halin Yanzu

Fitowar haske (ƙarfin haske) yana da kusan daidai da halin yanzu na gaba a cikin babban kewayon. Duk da haka, yawanci yana raguwa a cikin halin yanzu masu yawa saboda ƙarin samar da zafi a cikin guntu (tasirin raguwa). Yin aiki a ko ƙasa da shawarar halin yanzu na DC yana tabbatar da ingantaccen inganci da tsawon rai.

4.3 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Kamar duk semiconductors, aikin LED yana da hankali ga zafin jiki. Yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya karu:

• Ƙarfin Ci gaba (VF):Ya ragu kadan.
• Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):Ya ragu. Fitowar hasken AlInGaP LEDs yana da ƙimar zafi mara kyau.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λd):Yana iya canzawa kadan, yawanci zuwa tsayin tsayi (canjin ja) yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi.

Gudanar da zafin jiki da ya dace a cikin aikace-aikacen (misali, isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB don zubar da zafi) yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye aiki mai daidaito da tsawon rai.

4.4 Rarraba Gani

Lanƙwasa fitarwa na gani zai nuna babban kololuwa a kusan 611 nm (orange-ja). Rabin faɗin 17 nm yana nuna ƙaramin bakan fitarwa idan aka kwatanta da fararen LED ko masu faɗin bakan, wanda shine na yau da kullun don na'urorin AlInGaP masu launi ɗaya.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Fakitin

Takardar bayanai ta haɗa da cikakken zanen girma na fakitin SMD. Muhimman fasalulluka sun haɗa da lissafin ruwa mai duban gefe, wuri da girman tashoshi na cathode da anode, da cikakken sawun fakitin. Ana ba da duk girma a cikin millimeters tare da daidaitaccen jurewa na ±0.10 mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Ɗayan duban gefe yana jagorantar haske daidai da jirgin saman PCB.

5.2 Gano Polarity da Ƙirar Pad

LED yana da tashar anode (+) da cathode (-). Takardar bayanai tana ba da shawarar shimfidar gudanarwa (tsarin ƙasa) don ƙirar PCB. An inganta wannan shimfidar don gudanarwa mai aminci da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya. Hakanan yana nuna shawarar hanyar gudanarwa don tabbatar da fillets na gudanarwa iri ɗaya da hana tombstoning (ƙarshen ɗaya yana ɗaga daga kan pad yayin reflow). Bin waɗannan jagororin yana da mahimmanci don samarwa mai yawan amfanin ƙasa.

6. Jagororin Gudanarwa da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Gudanar da Reflow

An ba da shawarar bayanin gani na infrared (IR) reflow don hanyoyin gudanarwa marasa gubar (Pb-free). Muhimman sigogi na wannan bayanin sun haɗa da:

• Yankin Dumama/Dumama:Hawa zuwa 150-200°C don kunna kwarara da dumama haɗin gwiwa a hankali, rage girgizar zafi.
• Yankin Reflow:Zafin jiki ya tashi zuwa kololuwa na 260°C matsakaici. Lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (yawanci ~217°C don gudanar da SnAgCu) da lokacin da ke cikin 5°C na matsakaicin zafin jiki suna da mahimmanci don samuwar haɗin gwiwa.
• Matsakaicin Zafin Jiki & Lokaci:Fakitin bai kamata ya wuce 260°C fiye da dakika 10 ba. Wannan iyaka yana da mahimmanci don hana lalata ruwan ruwan epoxy na LED da haɗin waya na ciki.
• Yankin Sanyaya:Sarrafa sanyaya don ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwar gudanarwa yadda ya kamata.

Bayanan ya dogara ne akan ma'auni na JEDEC, amma ana ba da shawarar yin bayanin matakin allon ƙarshe saboda bambance-bambance a cikin ƙirar PCB, manna gudanarwa, da halayen tanda.

6.2 Gudanar da Hannu

Idan gudanar da hannu ya zama dole, yi amfani da ƙarfe mai sarrafa zafin jiki. Zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe bai kamata ya wuce 300°C ba, kuma lokacin gudanarwa kowane jagora ya kamata a iyakance zuwa matsakaicin dakika 3. Gudanar da hannu ya kamata a yi sau ɗaya kawai don guje wa damuwa na zafi.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan gudanarwa, yi amfani da kaushi da aka ƙayyade kawai. Tsoma LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya yana yarda. Kada a yi amfani da masu tsaftacewa na sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba saboda suna iya lalata kayan fakitin ko ruwan tabarau.

6.4 Ajiya da Sarrafawa

• Hatsarin ESD:Na'urar tana da hankali ga Fitarwa ta Electrostatic (ESD). Koyaushe yi amfani da igiyoyin wuyan hannu, tabarma mai hana tashin hankali, da kayan aiki masu tushe da suka dace lokacin sarrafawa.
• Hankalin Danshi:Yayin da ainihin fakitin da aka rufe tare da busassun abu yana kare na'urori, da zarar an buɗe, ya kamata a adana LEDs a cikin muhalli wanda bai wuce 30°C da 60% danshi ba. Don tsawaita ajiya a waje da ainihin jakar, yi amfani da akwati mai rufewa tare da busassun abu. Idan an ajiye a buɗe fiye da mako guda, ana ba da shawarar yin gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin gudanar da reflow don cire danshin da aka sha da hana "popcorning" (fashewar fakitin yayin reflow).

7. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Ana ba da LEDs akan tef mai ɗaukar hoto tare da murfin kariya. Muhimman ƙayyadaddun bayanai sun haɗa da:

• Faɗin Tef Mai ɗaukar hoto:8 mm.
• Diamita na Reel:7 inches.
• Adadin kowane Reel:Guda 4000 (cikakken reel).
• Mafi ƙarancin Adadin Fakitin:Guda 500 don sauran adadi.
• Rufe Aljihu:Ana rufe aljihun tef mara komai tare da murfin tef.
• Fitilun da suka ɓace:Ana ba da izinin mafi yawan fitilun LED guda biyu masu bi da bi (aljihu mara komai) bisa ga ƙayyadaddun bayanai.

Fakitin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481, yana tabbatar da dacewa da daidaitattun kayan aikin haɗawa ta atomatik.

8. Bayanin Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikacen na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED orange mai duban gefe ya dace da aikace-aikace daban-daban waɗanda ke buƙatar faɗin tsarin haske mai fitarwa ta gefe, gami da:

• Masu Nuna Matsayi:A kan kayan lantarki na mabukaci, kwamfutoci na masana'antu, da kayan aikin sadarwa inda faɗin kusurwar kallo ke da amfani.
• Hasken Baya:Don allunan da aka haskaka gefe, rufin maɓalli na membrane, ko alamomin inda ake buƙatar jagorantar haske a gefe.
• Hasken Ciki na Motoci:Don hasken dashboard ko kwamfuta (bisa ga takamaiman cancantar matakin mota).
• Nunin Kayan Aiki:Nuna wuta, yanayi, ko aiki akan kayan aikin gida.

8.2 La'akari da Ƙirar Kewayawa

• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu na jeri ko direban LED na musamman mai ci gaba. Ana iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vsupply - VF) / IF. Tabbatar cewa ƙimar ikon resistor ya isa (P = IF² * R).
• Kariya ta Ƙarfin Juyawa:Ko da yake LED zai iya jure 5V a baya, yana da kyau a guje wa amfani da kowane bambance-bambance na baya. A cikin AC ko da'irori masu bipolar, yi la'akari da ƙara diode na baya-baya don kariya.
• Gudanar da Zafin Jiki:Don aiki a ko kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC, tabbatar da PCB yana ba da isasshen taimako na zafi. Haɗa fakitin LED zuwa wuraren zubar da tagulla yana taimakawa wajen watsar da zafi.
• Dushewa:Don sarrafa haske, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) ita ce hanyar da aka fi so akan rage halin yanzu na analog, saboda yana kiyaye daidaitaccen zafin launi.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Wannan LED orange na AlInGaP yana ba da takamaiman fa'idodi:

• vs. Tsoffin Orange LEDs (misali, GaAsP):Fasahar AlInGaP tana ba da ingantaccen inganci da haske mai yawa, mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki, da tsawon rai na aiki.
• vs. Orange LEDs Masu Canza Phosphor:A matsayin semiconductor mai fitarwa kai tsaye, yana ba da launin orange mai cikakken cikakke, tsafta (ƙaramin bakan a ~605 nm tsayin tsayi) idan aka kwatanta da faɗin bakan na nau'in canza phosphor. Hakanan yawanci yana da saurin amsawa.
• Duban Gefe vs. Fakitin Duban Sama:Babban bambance-bambancen shine hanyar fitar da haske. An ƙera wannan fakitin musamman don fitar da haske daidai da jirgin saman PCB, yana magance ƙalubalen ƙira inda sararin samaniya ya iyakance ko inda ake buƙatar hasken gefen gefe.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

10.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin tsayi da tsayin tsayi?

Tsawon Tsawon (λP)shine tsayin tsayin jiki inda LED ke fitar da mafi yawan ikon gani.Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λd)ƙimar ƙididdiga ce bisa ga fahimtar launin mutum (gidan CIE) wanda ya fi wakiltar launin da muke gani. Ga LEDs masu launi ɗaya kamar wannan orange, sau da yawa suna kusa amma ba iri ɗaya ba.

10.2 Zan iya tuƙi wannan LED a 20 mA akai-akai?

Ee. Matsakaicin ci gaba na ci gaba shine 30 mA. Yin aiki a 20 mA yana cikin ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Ka tuna sake ƙididdige ƙimar resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu da ake buƙata bisa ga ƙarfin ci gaba a 20 mA (wanda zai iya zama ɗan sama da a 5 mA).

10.3 Me yasa ake ba da shawarar direban halin yanzu na dindindin?

Ƙarfin ci gaba na LED yana da ƙimar zafi mara kyau kuma yana iya bambanta daga naúrar zuwa naúrar. Tushen ƙarfin lantarki na dindindin tare da resistor na jeri yana ba da tushen iyakance halin yanzu, amma har yanzu halin yanzu zai iya karkata tare da zafin jiki. Tushen halin yanzu na dindindin yana tabbatar da fitowar haske mai tsayi kuma yana kare LED daga yanayin wuce gona da iri ba tare da la'akari da bambance-bambancen VF ba.

10.4 Ta yaya zan fassara lambar kwandon lokacin yin oda?

Lambar kwandon (misali, L, M, N, P) tana ƙayyadaddun kewayon ƙarfin haske da aka tabbatar a 5 mA. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen haske, ƙayyade kuma yi amfani da LEDs daga lambar kwandon ɗaya. Don aikace-aikacen da ba su da mahimmanci, haɗuwa na iya zama yarda.

11. Nazarin Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi: Hasken Baya na Maɓalli na Tactile Mai Tsayi akan Panel na Na'urar Likita.Hular maɓalli ba ta da haske tare da alamar wucewa, kuma tana sama da PCB 2mm. LED mai duban sama zai haskaka sama, yana ɓata haske. LED mai duban gefe da aka ɗora kusa da maɓallin zai iya jagorantar bugun jini na digiri 130 a gefe zuwa gefen hular maɓallin, yana haskaka alama cikin inganci daga ciki. Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen haske a duk faɗin alamar. Launin orange yana ba da bayyananniyar alamar "jiran aiki" ko "gargadi". Fakitin SMD yana ba da damar haɗawa mai ƙarancin ƙira, ƙarancin bayyanar da ya dace da samarwa ta atomatik da hanyoyin tsaftacewa da ake buƙata don kayan aikin likita.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Fasaha

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan kayan semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) da aka girma epitaxially akan substrate. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin ci gaba, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yankin aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman rabo na aluminum, indium, da gallium a cikin lattice crystal yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yana bayyana tsayin tsayi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, orange (~605-611 nm). Halin "mai tsananin haske" ana samun shi ta hanyar ingantaccen ƙirar guntu da ingantaccen fitar da haske daga kayan semiconductor zuwa cikin fakitin. Ana samun tasirin duban gefe ta hanyar takamaiman lissafin ruwan tabarau wanda ke amfani da tunani na ciki da jujjuyawar don sake jagorantar haske daga guntu mai fitarwa na sama ta gefen fakitin.

13. Trends na Masana'antu da Ci gaba

Trend a cikin LED na nuna alama da sigina yana ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci, ƙananan fakitin, da mafi girma aminci. Fasahar AlInGaP ta balaga amma har yanzu tana ganin haɓaka ƙari a cikin fitowar lumen-per-watt. Hakanan ana ƙara mai da hankali kan daidaitaccen binning launi da ƙaramin jurewa don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton launi, kamar nunin cikakken launi ko gungu na mota. Ɗaukar fakitin duban gefe da kusurwar dama yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙarancin kayan lantarki, yana ba da damar ƙirar hasken baya da mafita na nuna matsayi a cikin ƙirar da aka takura. Bugu da ƙari, haɗin kai tare da masu sarrafa kan jirgi (LED masu hankali) da ingantaccen dacewa tare da hanyoyin gudanar da zafi mai yawa sune wuraren ci gaba don biyan buƙatun ci-gaban mota da aikace-aikacen masana'antu.