3011-UG0201H-AM LED Mai Duba Daga Gefe - Kunshin PLCC-2 - 3.0V - 20mA - Kori - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

3011-UG0201H-AM wata LED ce mai ƙarfi da haske mai yawa, wadda aka ƙera da farko don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske daga gefen kayan aiki. Tana amfani da kunshin PLCC-2 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier) wanda ake haɗawa a saman, wanda ke ba da ingantaccen aikin zafi da kwanciyar hankali na inji don tsarin haɗawa ta atomatik. Na'urar tana fitar da hasken kore tare da matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa na 523 nm. Babban fasalin shine faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120, wanda ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar watsa haske a faɗin yanki maimakon a mayar da shi cikin ƙunƙun haske. Samfurin ya cika ƙa'idodin AEC-Q101 na ƙwararrun abubuwan mota, yana tabbatar da amincinsa a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsanani. Hakanan yana bin ka'idojin muhalli na RoHS da REACH kuma yana nuna ƙarfi ga sulfur, wanda yake da mahimmanci don tsawon rayuwa a wasu yanayin mota da masana'antu.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da siffarta ta gefe mai ƙarfi, ƙarfin haske mai yawa gwargwadon girmanta, da amincin matakin mota. Haɗin faɗin kusurwar dubawa da fitar da kore mai daidaito ya sa ya zama mai kyau don hasken baya da ayyukan nuni inda sarari ya yi ƙarami. Kasuwar da ake nufi ita ce masana'antar mota, musamman don aikace-aikacen hasken ciki kamar hasken baya don maɓallai, maɓallan, gungun kayan aiki, da sauran kwamfutocin sarrafawa. Ƙarfinsa kuma ya sa ya zama ɗan takara don kwamfutocin sarrafa masana'antu da na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci inda ake buƙatar hasken nuni mai aminci.

2. Zurfin Binciken Sigogi na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na ainihi da cikakkun bayanai game da mahimman sigogi na lantarki, na gani, da na zafi da aka ƙayyade a cikin takardun bayanai.

2.1 Halayen Hoto da Lantarki

Matsakaicin wurin aiki na wannan LED an ayyana shi a cikin halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) na 20 mA. A wannan halin yanzu, matsakaicin ƙarfin haske shine 850 millicandelas (mcd), tare da mafi ƙarancin 710 mcd da matsakaicin 1800 mcd. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) a 20 mA yawanci volt 3.0 ne, wanda ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 2.75V zuwa matsakaicin 3.75V. Yana da mahimmanci ga masu ƙira na'urar lantarki su yi la'akari da wannan kewayon V_Fdon tabbatar da daidaitaccen tsarin halin yanzu a duk raka'a. Matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa yawanci 523 nm ne (kore), tare da kewayon daga 520 nm zuwa 535 nm. Kusurwar dubawa, wadda aka ayyana a matsayin kusurwar da ba ta kan axis ba inda ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwar sa, digiri 120 ne tare da jurewar ±5 digiri.

2.2 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙimar da Gudanar da Zafi

Na'urar tana da matsakaicin ƙimar halin yanzu na gaba na 30 mA da iyakar ɓarnawar wutar lantarki na 112 mW. Wuce waɗannan iyakoki na iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin. Yanayin zafi na haɗuwa (T_J) bai kamata ya wuce 125°C ba. Ana ƙayyade juriyar zafi daga haɗuwa zuwa wurin solder ta hanyoyi biyu: hanyar lantarki (R_{th JS el}) tare da matsakaicin 160 K/W, da ainihin hanya (R_{th JS real}) tare da matsakaicin 200 K/W. Wannan sigogi yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar zafi; misali, a cikakken 30 mA da matsakaicin V_Fna 3.0V (wutar lantarki 90 mW), hauhawar yanayin zafi na haɗuwa sama da kushin solder na iya kaiwa zuwa 18°C (90mW * 200K/W). Yanayin aiki da ajiya yana daga -40°C zuwa +110°C. Na'urar tana da hankali ga ESD kuma tana buƙatar matakan kulawa masu dacewa.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba

Takardun bayanai ta zayyana cikakken tsarin rarraba don ƙarfin haske da tsayin raƙuman ruwa, wanda shine daidaitaccen aiki don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Hasken

An rarraba ƙarfin haske zuwa rukunoni da aka nuna ta lambar harafi-lamba (misali, L1, V2, AA). Kowane rukuni yana ayyana takamaiman kewayon mafi ƙarancin da matsakaicin ƙarfi a cikin millicandelas (mcd). Ga 3011-UG0201H-AM, rukunin fitarwa mai yuwuwa da aka haskaka sune V1 (710-900 mcd) da V2 (900-1120 mcd), waɗanda suka yi daidai da matsakaicin ƙayyadaddun 850 mcd. Teburin rarraba ya wuce waɗannan kewayon, yana nuna cewa ana iya amfani da irin wannan kunshin don LED tare da fasahohin guntu daban-daban ko matakan aiki.

3.2 Rarraba Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa

Hakazalika, an rarraba tsayin raƙuman ruwa. Takamaiman rukunin wannan ɓangaren shine 5963, wanda yayi daidai da kewayon tsayin raƙuman ruwa na 520-535 nm. Jurewar auna tsayin raƙuman ruwa shine ±1 nm. Wannan rarraba yana tabbatar da cewa launin kore da ake fitarwa ya kasance daidai daga LED ɗaya zuwa wani a cikin ƙayyadadden rukuni.

4. Binciken Lankwalin Aiki

Jadawalin da aka bayar yana ba da zurfin fahimtar halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Lankwalin IV da Ƙarfin Dangantaka

Jadawalin Halin Yanzu na Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba yana nuna alaƙar diode na gargajiya mai ma'ana. Ƙarfin lantarki yana tashi da ƙarfi a ƙananan halin yanzu sosai sannan yana ƙaruwa mafi layi sama da ~2.8V. Jadawalin Ƙarfin Hasken Dangantaka da Halin Yanzu na Gaba yana kusan layi daga 0 zuwa 20 mA, yana nuna cewa fitarwar haske yana daidai da halin yanzu a wannan yanki, wanda yake da kyau don dusar ƙanƙara ta analog.

4.2 Dogaro da Yanayin Zafi

Halayen yanayin zafi suna da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen mota. Jadawalin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba na Dangantaka da Yanayin Zafi na Haɗuwa yana nuna ƙimar zafi mara kyau; V_Fyana raguwa a layi yayin da yanayin zafi ya karu (kusan -2 mV/°C). Ana iya amfani da wannan don jin yanayin zafi kai tsaye. Jadawalin Ƙarfin Hasken Dangantaka da Yanayin Zafi na Haɗuwa yana nuna ƙarfin yana raguwa yayin da yanayin zafi ya tashi. A 110°C, ƙarfin kusan kashi 70% ne kawai na ƙimarsa a 25°C. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan a cikin ƙira don tabbatar da isasshen haske a manyan yanayin yanayi. Tsayin raƙuman ruwa kuma yana canzawa tare da yanayin zafi (kimanin +0.1 nm/°C).

4.3 Ragewa da Gudanar da Bugun Jini

Lankwalin Rage Halin Yanzu na Gaba yana ƙayyade matsakaicin halin yanzu da aka halatta bisa yanayin zafi na kushin solder. Misali, a yanayin zafi na kushin na 110°C, matsakaicin halin yanzu shine 20 mA. Jadawalin Ƙarfin Gudanar da Bugun Jini da Aka Halatta yana nuna LED na iya ɗaukar halin yanzu mafi girma (har zuwa 300 mA don ƙananan bugun jini, ƙananan aikin cikakken lokaci) ba tare da lalacewa ba, wanda yake da amfani don aikace-aikacen bugun jini ko nuni mai gani.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

LED tana cikin kunshin PLCC-2. Zanen injiniya zai nuna duban sama da duban gefe tare da mahimman girma kamar tsayin gabaɗaya, faɗi, tsayi, tazarar jagora, da matsayin ruwan tabarau na gani. Ƙirar duban gefe tana nufin fitarwar haske na farko yana layi daya da saman PCB. Kunshin ya haɗa da kushin zafi (wurin solder) wanda yake da mahimmanci don watsar da zafi. Ana nuna polarity ta alamar cathode, wanda shine mai gano gani a jikin kunshin.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Siffar Solder na Reflow

An ƙididdige na'urar don solder reflow tare da matsakaicin yanayin zafi na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 30. Ya kamata bayanin solder da aka ba da shawarar ya bi ƙa'idodin IPC/JEDEC na yau da kullun don na'urorin haɗawa a saman, gami da matakan dumama, jiƙa, sake kwarara, da sanyaya. Matakin Hankalin Danshi (MSL) shine 2, ma'ana dole ne a gasa kayan aikin idan an fallasa shi ga iskar yanayi fiye da shekara guda kafin amfani, don hana "gwaiduwa" yayin sake kwarara.

6.2 Ƙirar Kushin Solder da Aka Ba da Shawara

An ba da tsarin ƙasa da aka ba da shawarar (siffar kushin solder) don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da daidaitaccen daidaitawa. Wannan tsarin yawanci ya haɗa da kushuna don jagororin lantarki guda biyu da babban kushin don haɗin zafi zuwa PCB. Bin wannan ƙirar yana inganta ƙarfin haɗin solder, daidaita kai yayin sake kwarara, da aikin zafi.

7. Bayanin Kunshi da Oda

Ana samar da abubuwan a kan tef da reel don haɗawa ta atomatik ta ɗauka da sanyawa. Bayanin kunshi yana ƙayyade girma na reel, faɗin tef, tazarar aljihu, da kusurwar abubuwan akan tef. Lambar sashi 3011-UG0201H-AM tana bin tsarin lambobi na ciki mai yuwuwa inda "3011" na iya nufin girman kunshi/salo, "UG" zuwa launi (Ultra Green), da "0201H" zuwa takamaiman rukunin aiki ko fasali. Za a yi oda bisa ga wannan cikakken lambar sashi.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

8.1 Da'irorin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

A cikin aikace-aikacen yau da kullun, ana sarrafa LED ta hanyar tushen halin yanzu na akai-akai ko ta hanyar resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu da aka haɗa zuwa wadataccen wutar lantarki. An ƙididdige ƙimar resistor kamar R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Amfani da matsakaicin V_F(3.75V) don lissafin yana tabbatar da cewa halin yanzu bai wuce matakin da ake so ba ko da tare da bambancin raka'a-zuwa-raka'a. Don tsarin mota na 12V, resistor na jerin gwanon yana da yawa, amma don daidaito ko dusar ƙanƙara, ana ba da shawarar takamaiman IC direban LED.

8.2 Abubuwan Ƙira

• Gudanar da Zafi:Tabbatar cewa PCB tana da isasshen zubar da tagulla da aka haɗa zuwa kushin zafi don watsar da zafi, musamman idan ana aiki kusa da matsakaicin ƙima ko a cikin manyan yanayin yanayi.
• Kariya ta ESD:Aiwatar da kariyar ESD akan layukan shigarwa kuma bi daidaitattun hanyoyin kulawa yayin haɗawa.
• Ƙirar Gani:Yi la'akari da kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120 lokacin ƙira jagororin haske ko masu watsawa don cimma daidaitaccen haske.
• Rage Halin Yanzu:Yi amfani da lankwalin ragewa don zaɓar halin yanzu na aiki mai dacewa don yanayin yanayi mafi girma da ake tsammani.

9. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Bisa Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya sarrafa wannan LED a 30 mA akai-akai?

A: Kawai idan an kiyaye yanayin zafi na kushin solder a ko ƙasa da 25°C, wanda sau da yawa ba shi da amfani. Duba lankwalin ragewa; a ainihin yanayin zafi na kushin na 80°C, matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba shine kusan 26 mA.

Q: Me yasa aka ƙayyade ƙarfin haske a 20 mA amma matsakaicin halin yanzu shine 30 mA?

A: 20 mA shine daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji wanda ke ayyana matsakaicin aiki. Ƙimar 30 mA ita ce matsakaicin matsakaicin da bai kamata a wuce ba. Yin aiki sama da 20 mA zai samar da ƙarin haske amma zai haifar da ƙarin zafi kuma yana rage tsawon rayuwa.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara ƙimar juriyar zafi daban-daban guda biyu?

A: R_{th JS el}(160 K/W) an samo shi daga hanyar aunin lantarki kuma ana amfani da shi sau da yawa don lissafin ka'idar. R_{th JS real}(200 K/W) ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ƙimar mafi gaskiya don ƙirar zafi na zahiri. Yin amfani da mafi girman ƙimar yana ba da gefen ƙira mafi aminci.

10. Ƙa'idar Aiki da Trends na Fasaha

10.1 Ƙa'idar Aiki ta Asali

Wannan LED na'urar semiconductor ce bisa haɗuwar p-n. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce kofa na diode, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin sassan semiconductor yana ƙayyade tsayin raƙuman ruwa (launi) na hasken da aka fitar. Kunshin PLCC ya haɗa da ruwan tabarau na epoxy wanda ke siffata fitarwar haske don cimma ƙayyadadden kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120.

10.2 Trends na Masana'antu

Trend a cikin irin waɗannan LED na nuni da hasken baya yana zuwa ga ingantacciyar inganci (ƙarin fitarwar haske a kowace watt), ingantacciyar daidaiton launi ta hanyar ƙaramin rarraba, da ingantaccen aminci don amfanin mota da masana'antu. Hakanan akwai yunƙurin ƙananan ƙira yayin kiyayewa ko haɓaka aikin gani. Haɗa waɗannan abubuwan cikin ingantattun sassa tare da direbobi na ciki ko dabaru na sarrafawa wani yanki ne na ci gaba.