Side-View Red LED 57-21-UR0200H-AM Datasheet - PLCC-2 Package - 2.0V - 1120mcd - Automotive Grade

1. Product Overview

This document details the specifications of a high-performance side-emitting red LED designed specifically for automotive interior applications. The device utilizes a compact PLCC-2 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier) surface-mount package, offering both high luminous output and a wide viewing angle, making it suitable for backlighting and indicator functions.

The core advantage of this component lies in its automotive-grade reliability, having passed AEC-Q101 standard certification, ensuring stable operation under the typically harsh temperature, humidity, and vibration conditions found in vehicle environments. It complies with RoHS and REACH directives, making it suitable for global markets with stringent environmental regulations.

The target market is automotive electronics, with specific applications including dashboard backlighting, switch illumination, and other interior status indicators requiring stable, bright, and reliable red light output.

2. In-depth Technical Parameter Analysis

2.1 Optical, Photoelectric, and Electrical Characteristics

Key operating parameters define the performance of the LED under standard test conditions (T_s=25°C). At a forward current (I_F) of 20mA, the typical forward voltage (V_FThe voltage is 2.00V, with a specified range of 1.75V to 2.75V. This relatively low voltage is compatible with common automotive power rails.

The primary photometric parameter is the luminous intensity (I_V), with a typical value of 1120 millicandelas (mcd) at 20mA. The minimum and maximum limits for this batch are 710 mcd and 1400 mcd, respectively. While achieving this high brightness, an extremely wide viewing angle (φ) of 120 degrees is maintained, which is defined as the off-axis angle where the luminous intensity drops to half of its peak value. This wide viewing angle ensures uniform illumination over a broad area, which is crucial for panel backlighting.

The dominant wavelength (λ_d) has a central value of 622 nm (typical), defining the hue of the emitted red light, with a range from 618 nm to 627 nm. This device is not designed for operation under reverse voltage.

2.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings and Thermal Management

These ratings define limits that may cause permanent damage. The absolute maximum continuous forward current is 50 mA, and the maximum power dissipation is 137 mW. For short pulses (t ≤ 10 μs, duty cycle D=0.005), the allowed surge current (I_FM) is 100 mA.

Thermal management is crucial for the lifespan and performance stability of LEDs. The thermal resistance from the LED junction to the solder point (R_thJS) specifies two values: 160 K/W (actual value, based on thermal measurement) and 120 K/W (electrical value, derived from electrical parameters). This parameter indicates the efficiency of heat conduction away from the semiconductor junction. The maximum allowable junction temperature (T_J) is 125°C. The operating and storage temperature range is -40°C to +110°C, confirming its suitability for harsh automotive environments.

The device has an ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) sensitivity rating of 2 kV (Human Body Model), which is a standard level for many electronic components, but standard ESD handling precautions are required during assembly.

3. Grading System Description

To manage production variations, LEDs are sorted into different bins based on key performance parameters. This datasheet provides detailed binning information for luminous intensity and dominant wavelength.

3.1 Luminous Intensity Binning

Luminous intensity is binned using alphanumeric codes (e.g., L1, M2, V1, AA). Each bin covers a specific minimum and maximum luminous intensity value range measured in millicandelas (mcd). The bins follow a logarithmic progression, with each step corresponding to approximately a 25% increase. For this specific model (57-21-UR0200H-AM), the possible output bins are highlighted, with the typical value of 1120 mcd falling into the "AA" bin (1120-1400 mcd). This system allows designers to select components with consistent brightness for their application.

Similarly, the dominant wavelength, which determines the precise color of the red light, is also graded. The grades are defined by numeric codes representing wavelength ranges in nanometers (nm). The typical value of 622 nm for this LED will fall within a specific wavelength grade, ensuring color consistency among multiple devices within a production batch. The tolerance for dominant wavelength measurement is ±1 nm.

4. Performance Curve Analysis

Datasheet ya ƙunshi jadawali da yawa, waɗanda ke bayyana halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban, wannan yana da mahimmanci ga ƙira da sarrafa zafi na kewayawa.

4.1 Forward Current vs. Forward Voltage Relationship Curve (IV Curve)

Wannan zane yana nuna madaidaicin ƙarfafawa (I

) and forward voltage (V_F). It is crucial for designing current-limiting circuits. The curve indicates that a slight increase in voltage beyond the typical value of 2.0V can lead to a significant and potentially destructive increase in current, highlighting the necessity of using constant current drivers rather than constant voltage power supplies._F4.2 Relative Luminous Intensity vs. Forward Current

This diagram shows how the light output varies with the drive current. While the output increases with current, it is not perfectly linear, especially at higher currents where efficiency may decrease due to increased heat generation.

4.3 Temperature-Dependent Characteristics

Multiple charts detail the junction temperature (T

) nufa:_JRelative luminous intensity vs. junction temperature:

• Shows that light output decreases as temperature increases. This derating must be considered in designs where the LED may operate at high ambient temperatures.Relative forward voltage vs. junction temperature:
• Indicates VIt has a negative temperature coefficient, decreasing by approximately 2 mV per degree Celsius. This may affect the performance of simple resistor-based current limiters._FRelative Wavelength vs. Junction Temperature:
• Indicates that the dominant wavelength shifts slightly with temperature (typically increasing), which may cause slight color variations in applications.4.4 Forward Current Derating Curve

This is one of the most critical charts for reliable design. It plots the maximum allowable continuous forward current against the pad temperature. As the solder point temperature rises, the maximum safe current decreases linearly. For example, at a maximum pad temperature of 110°C, the maximum allowable continuous current is only 34 mA, significantly lower than the absolute maximum of 50 mA at 25°C. Designers must ensure the thermal design keeps the solder point sufficiently cool to allow the required drive current.

4.5 Allowable Pulse Handling Capability

This diagram defines the relationship between the pulse width (t) and the allowed surge forward current (I) for different duty cycles (D).

) and the allowed surge forward current (I_p). It enables designers to understand the limits of pulsed operation, such as in multiplexed lighting systems or when creating flashing effects, ensuring the LED is not subjected to current pulses that could lead to performance degradation._F4.6 Spectral and Radiant Distribution

The relative spectral distribution graph shows the light output across the entire visible spectrum, peaking in the red light region at approximately 622 nm. The radiation pattern diagram (polar plot) visually confirms the 120-degree viewing angle, illustrating the spatial distribution of intensity.

5. Mechanical, Assembly, and Packaging Information

5.1 Mechanical Dimensions and Polarity

This component uses a standard PLCC-2 surface-mount package. The mechanical drawing provides precise dimensions for the package body, lead pitch, and overall height. Polarity is clearly indicated, typically by a notch or mark on the package and/or in the land pattern. Correct orientation is crucial for proper operation.

5.2 Recommended Pad Design

Provides pad pattern (footprint) recommendations for PCB design. This includes the dimensions and spacing of the copper pads to which the LED pins will be soldered. Following this recommendation ensures good solder joint formation, proper alignment, and optimal heat transfer from the device to the PCB.

5.3 Reflow Soldering Temperature Profile

The datasheet specifies a reflow soldering temperature profile compatible with lead-free (Pb-free) soldering processes. The peak temperature should not exceed 260°C, and the time above 240°C should be limited to a maximum of 30 seconds. Adherence to this profile is crucial to prevent thermal damage to the LED's plastic package and internal wire bonds during surface-mount assembly.

5.4 Packaging Information

The LEDs are supplied in tape-and-reel packaging suitable for automatic pick-and-place machines. Specifications include reel dimensions, carrier tape width, pocket pitch, and component orientation on the tape. This information is necessary for setting up assembly line equipment.

6. Application Guide and Design Considerations

6.1 Typical Application Scenarios

The main application is

Automotive interior lightingThis includes:Instrument cluster and dashboard backlighting:

• Illuminates the instrument cluster, LCD display, and warning symbols.Switch and Control Illumination:
• Provides backlighting for buttons of the air conditioning controls, audio system, window switches, and gear selector.General Status Indicator:
• Power Indicator, Door Ajar Warning, or other function indicators.Its side-emitting characteristics are ideal for applications requiring light to be guided parallel to the PCB surface into a light guide plate or diffuser.

1. Driving Circuit:

Be sure to use a constant current driver or a current-limiting resistor in series with the LED. The resistor value (R) can be calculated using Ohm's Law: R = (VPower Supply_{- V}) / I_F. Ensure the resistor's rated power is sufficient (P = I_F* R)._F²2. Thermal Management:

This is crucial for reliability and maintaining light output. Use derating curves to determine the maximum drive current based on the expected operating temperature. Ensure sufficient copper area (thermal pad) on the PCB connected to the pad for heat dissipation. In high ambient temperature environments (e.g., near automotive engine compartment electronics), additional cooling measures may be required.3. ESD Protection:

Implement standard ESD handling procedures during assembly. For sensitive applications, consider adding Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS) diodes or other protection circuits on the input power lines.4. Optical Design:

A 120-degree viewing angle may require the use of a diffuser or light guide plate to achieve the desired uniformity and appearance in the final product. The side-emitting form factor is chosen precisely for efficient coupling into such optical elements.7. Usage Precautions

The datasheet includes a standard precautions section. Key points include:

Avoid applying reverse voltage.

• Do not exceed the absolute maximum ratings for current, power, and temperature.
• Follow the recommended reflow soldering temperature profile to prevent package damage.
• Store under appropriate conditions to avoid moisture absorption (MSL 2 indicates a floor life of 1 year after the dry pack is opened at ≤30°C/60% RH).
• Use cleaning methods compatible with the package material (avoid ultrasonic cleaning at certain frequencies).
• 8. Ordering Information

Model 57-21-UR0200H-AM follows a specific coding system. While the complete breakdown may be proprietary, it typically encodes information such as package type (57-21 may indicate PLCC-2), color (UR indicates red), brightness bin, and other possible attributes. For specific bin selection or packaging options (e.g., reel size), the ordering information section will provide the exact code to use.

9. Frequently Asked Questions Based on Technical Parameters

Q: Can I connect this LED directly to a 5V or 12V automotive power rail?

A: No. You must always use a series current-limiting resistor or a constant-current driver. Connecting it directly to a voltage source higher than its forward voltage will cause excessive current, potentially damaging the LED immediately.
Q: The datasheet shows a typical intensity of 1120mcd. Why might my measured value be different?

A: There are several factors that can affect the measured intensity: the drive current (which must be exactly 20mA), the temperature of the LED during measurement, the calibration of the measuring equipment, and inherent binning variations (your sample could be from the lower or upper end of the AA bin).
Q: Is this LED suitable for automotive exterior applications, such as taillights?

A: While it is AEC-Q101 qualified, its primary listed application is interior lighting. Exterior lamps typically have different requirements for higher brightness, different chromaticity coordinates, and more stringent weatherproofing and UV exposure protection. A dedicated exterior automotive-grade LED would be more appropriate.
Q: What does MSL 2 mean for storage?

A: Moisture Sensitivity Level 2 means the package can be exposed to factory floor conditions (≤30°C/60% RH) for up to 1 year before it requires baking prior to reflow soldering. Components on tape-and-reel are shipped in a dry bag with a humidity indicator card.
A: Moisture Sensitivity Level 2 means the package can be exposed to factory floor conditions (≤30°C/60% RH) for up to 1 year before it requires baking prior to reflow soldering. Components on tape-and-reel are shipped in a dry bag with a humidity indicator card.