Bayanin Fasaha na LED na SMD na Duba Gege 57-21 - Girman Kunshin 2.0x1.25x0.7mm - Karfin Wutar Gaba 2.0V - Ƙarfin Haske 51mcd - Launi na Koren Rairayi - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

Jerin 57-21 suna wakiltar dangin na'urorin haske (LED) masu hawa sama (SMD) masu duban gefe. An tsara waɗannan sassa don aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari kuma ana buƙatar kusurwar dubawa mai faɗi. Jerin suna samuwa a cikin launuka da yawa, gami da bambancin koren rairayi na musamman da aka yi cikakken bayani a cikin wannan takarda, wanda ke amfani da kayan guntu na semiconductor na AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide).

Babban fa'idodin wannan jerin sun samo asali ne daga ƙirar kunshinsa. Ya haɗa da kusurwar dubawa mai faɗi, yawanci digiri 120, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ingantaccen ƙirar mai nuna haske a tsakanin. Wannan fasalin yana ƙara ingantaccen haɗin haske sosai, yana sa waɗannan LED ɗin su dace musamman don amfani da bututun haske, wani abu na yau da kullun a cikin tarukan hasken baya. Bugu da ƙari, ƙarancin buƙatun halin yanzu na gaba (20mA don aiki na yau da kullun) ya sa su zama manufa don kayan aikin lantarki masu amfani da baturi ko sauran na'urori masu ɗaukar hoto masu ƙarfi.

Kasuwar da aka yi niyya da aikace-aikacen farko sun haɗa da kayan aikin sarrafa ofis (OA), hasken baya don nuni na ruwa mai launi (LCD), hasken ciki na mota, da kuma maye gurbin fitilun nuni na al'ada ko ƙananan fitilun fluorescent a cikin na'urorin lantarki daban-daban.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.

• Ƙarfin Wuta Mai Juyawa (V_R):5V. Wuce gona da iri wannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin jujjuyawar baya na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_F):25mA DC. Ya kamata halin yanzu na DC na ci gaba ya wuce wannan ƙimar.
• Kololuwar Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_FP):60mA. Wannan yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da cikakken aiki na 1/10 a 1kHz.
• Rashin Wutar Lantarki (P_d):60mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin yawan asarar wutar lantarki da aka yarda a cikin na'urar.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:Ya kewayo daga -40°C zuwa +85°C (aiki) da -40°C zuwa +100°C (ma'ajiya).
• Zubar da Lantarki Mai Tsauri (ESD):Yana jure 2000V bisa ga ƙirar Jikin Mutum (HBM), yana nuna matsakaicin matakin ƙarfin ESD don sarrafawa.
• Zazzabi na Solder:Yana dacewa da sake yin solder a 260°C na dakika 10 ko solder na hannu a 350°C na dakika 3.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na yanayin yanayi (T_a) na 25°C da halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) na 20mA.

• Ƙarfin Haske (I_v):Matsakaicin ƙimar shine millicandelas 51 (mcd), tare da mafi ƙarancin 32 mcd. Rashin haƙuri na ±11% ya shafi ƙarfin haske.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 120. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwa.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_p):Nanometers 575 (nm). Wannan shine tsawon zango wanda rarraba ikon bakan yake da mafi girma.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):573 nm. Wannan shine tsawon zango guda ɗaya wanda idon ɗan adam ke ganin shi a matsayin launin hasken, tare da ƙaramin haƙuri na ±1 nm.
• Faɗin Bakan (Δλ):20 nm. Wannan yana nuna kewayon tsayin zango da aka fitar, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a kusa da tsayin zango mafi girma.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (V_F):Yawanci 2.0V, ya kewayo daga mafi ƙarancin 1.7V zuwa matsakaicin 2.4V a 20mA, tare da haƙuri na ±0.1V.
• Halin Yanzu Mai Juyawa (I_R):Matsakaicin microamperes 10 (μA) lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki mai juyawa na 5V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Samfurin yana amfani da tsarin binning mai lamba uku don rarraba bambance-bambance a cikin ma'auni masu mahimmanci, yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LED masu daidaitaccen aiki don aikace-aikacensu.

• CAT (Matsayin Ƙarfin Haske):Wannan lamba tana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ga ƙimar hasken da aka auna.
• HUE (Matsayin Tsawon Tsawon):Wannan lamba tana rarraba LED ɗin bisa ga daidaitaccen tsayin zango mai rinjaye, yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi.
• REF (Matsayin Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba):Wannan lamba tana jera LED ɗin ta hanyar faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a gwajin gwaji.

Ana buga waɗannan lambobin a kan marufi na samfur da alamun reel, suna ba da damar daidaitawa daidai yayin tsarin haɗawa don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske ko launi iri ɗaya.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Bayanin bayanin yana ba da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke nuna halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu. Gabaɗaya yana layi a cikin kewayon aiki na al'ada amma zai cika a cikin halin yanzu mai girma sosai.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Yanayin Yanayi:Wannan jadawalin yana nuna tasirin kashe zafin jiki na gama gari a cikin LED, inda ingancin haske ke raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi. Fitarwa yawanci tana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya karu daga -40°C zuwa +100°C.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba da Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Wannan shine daidaitaccen lanƙwasa I-V don diode, yana nuna alaƙar ƙima. Na yau da kullun V_Fna 2.0V ana karanta shi daga wannan lanƙwasa a 20mA.
• Lanƙwasa Rage Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Wannan jadawali mai mahimmanci yana ƙayyadad da matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba na ci gaba da ake iya yarda da shi azaman aikin yanayin yanayi. Yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi, dole ne a rage matsakaicin halin yanzu don hana yin zafi da kuma tabbatar da dogaro.
• Tsarin Radiation:Zanen polar yana wakiltar kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120, yana nuna rarraba ƙarfin haske na kusurwa.
• Rarraba Bakan:Wani shiri na ƙarfin dangi da tsawon zango, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a 575nm tare da bandwidth na 20nm, yana tabbatar da wurin launi na koren rairayi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

5.1 Girman Kunshi

LED yana da ƙaramin kunshin SMD na duban gefe. Ma'auni masu mahimmanci (a cikin millimeters, tare da haƙuri na gabaɗaya na ±0.1mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade) sun haɗa da tsawon jiki kusan 2.0mm, faɗin 1.25mm, da tsayi na 0.7mm. Cikakkun zane-zane suna nuna wuraren kafet ɗin anode da cathode, siffar gabaɗaya, da kuma shafin ƙafa da aka ba da shawarar don shimfidar PCB.

5.2 Ganewar Polarity

Bangaren yana da alamar polarity. Ana nuna cathode ta hanyar alamar gani kamar tsaga, ɗigo, ko koren launi a gefen da ya dace na ruwan tabarau ko kunshi. Daidaitaccen alkibla yana da mahimmanci yayin haɗawa.

5.3 Reel da Marufi na Teep

Ana ba da LED ɗin akan tef ɗin mai ɗaukar hoto don haɗawa ta atomatik. An ƙayyade faɗin tef ɗin, tsarin aljihu, da girma. Kowane reel yana ɗauke da guda 2000. Reel ɗin kansa yana da ƙayyadaddun girman flange da hub. Marufin ya haɗa da matakan hana danshi: ana rufe reels ɗin a cikin jakar hana danshi na aluminum tare da desiccant da katin nuna danshi don kare na'urorin daga danshin yanayi yayin ajiya da sufuri.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Sake yin Solder:An ƙididdige na'urar don bayanan sake yin solder maras gubar tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C har zuwa dakika 10. Yana da mahimmanci a bi ƙimar haɓakar zafin jiki da aka ba da shawarar, jiƙa, da ƙimar sanyaya don hana girgizar zafi da kuma tabbatar da haɗin gwiwar solder.

Solder na Hannu:Idan solder na hannu ya zama dole, ƙarfen zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe bai kamata ya wuce 350°C ba, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar ya kamata a iyakance zuwa dakika 3 a kowane kafet. Yi amfani da ƙarfe mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki kuma ku guji yin amfani da matsin lamba na injiniya mai yawa.

Yanayin Ajiya:Don kiyaye solderability, ya kamata a adana na'urorin a cikin jakunkunan shinge na danshi na asali a ƙasa da 30°C da danshi na dangi 60%. Da zarar an buɗe jakar, ya kamata a yi amfani da abubuwan a cikin ƙayyadadden lokacin lokaci (yawanci sa'o'i 168 a yanayin masana'anta) ko a gasa bisa ga daidaitattun jagororin IPC/JEDEC kafin sake yin solder.

7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

Naúrar oda na yau da kullun reel ne na guda 2000. Alamar samfur akan reel yana ba da mahimman bayanai ciki har da Lambar Sashe (PN), Lambar Sashe na Abokin Ciniki (CPN), adadi (QTY), lambar kuri'a (LOT NO), da mahimman lambobin binning guda uku: CAT, HUE, da REF. Alamar kuma tana nuna RoHS da yarda mara Pb.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

• Hasken Baya na LCD:Geometry na duban gefe da kusurwa mai faɗi sun sa ya zama cikakke don hasken gefen LCD na bakin ciki a cikin wayoyin hannu, kwamfutocin hannu, da gungu na kayan aiki.
• Hasken Bututun Haske:Ingantaccen haɗin haske yana shigar da haske cikin jagororin haske na acrylic ko polycarbonate don alamomin yanayi ko hasken baya na alama.
• Alamomin Na'urar da ake ɗauka:Ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki shine manufa don na'urori masu amfani da baturi kamar headsets na Bluetooth, masu sarrafa nesa, da na'urorin likita na hannu.
• Hasken Ciki na Mota:Ana iya amfani dashi don hasken baya na maɓallai, maɓalli, da ƙananan nuni akan dashboard da cibiyoyin tsakiya.

8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jerin ko direba mai ci gaba don iyakance halin yanzu na gaba zuwa ƙimar da ake so (misali, 20mA don haske na yau da kullun). Lissafa ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Duk da cewa ɓarnawar wutar lantarki tana da ƙasa, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko hanyoyin zafi a ƙarƙashin kafet ɗin LED, musamman a cikin yanayin yanayi mai zafi ko lokacin tuƙi kusa da matsakaicin ƙididdiga, don taimakawa wajen tarwatsa zafi da kuma kiyaye aiki da tsawon rai.
• Kariya ta ESD:Aiwatar da daidaitattun matakan kariya na ESD yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa. Yi la'akari da ƙara diodes na matsa lamba na wucin gadi (TVS) ko wasu kariya akan layukan da ke da hankali idan LED ɗin yana haɗe zuwa hanyoyin haɗin waje.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun LED na SMD na duban sama, babban abin banbance na jerin 57-21 shine siffar siffarsa na duban gefe, wanda ke ba da damar haskakawa daga gefen PCB. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran LED na duban gefe, fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da takamaiman fasahar AlGaInP don hasken koren rairayi mai inganci, faɗin kusurwar dubawa mai faɗi na digiri 120 wanda aka inganta don bututun haske, da kuma ƙayyadaddun binning don daidaiton launi da ƙarfi. Haɗin ƙarancin V_Fda kyakkyawan ƙarfin haske yana haifar da ingantaccen haske don ajinsa.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQs)

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin zango mafi girma da tsayin zango mai rinjaye?

A: Matsakaicin tsayin zango (λ_p) shine kololuwar jiki na bakan hasken da aka fitar. Matsakaicin tsayin zango (λ_d) shine tsayin zango guda ɗaya wanda zai samar da fahimtar launi ɗaya ga idon ɗan adam. Don LED, λ_dsau da yawa shine ƙarin bayanin da ya dace don daidaitawar launi.

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙi wannan LED ba tare da resistor mai iyakancewa ba?

A: A'a. LED na'ura ce mai tuƙi. Haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa tushen wutar lantarki zai haifar da wuce gona da iri na halin yanzu, mai yuwuwar lalata shi nan take. Resistor na jerin ko mai sarrafa halin yanzu na aiki dole ne.

Q: Ta yaya yanayin yanayi ke shafar aiki?

A: Yayin da zafin jiki ya karu, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V_F) yana raguwa kadan, amma ƙarfin haske yana faɗi sosai (kashe zafi). Dole ne a bi lanƙwasa rage ƙima don matsakaicin halin yanzu. High temperatures kuma suna hanzarta lalacewar dogon lokaci.

Q: Menene lambobin CAT, HUE, da REF ke nufi ga ƙirar ta?

A: Idan aikace-aikacenku yana buƙatar kamanni iri ɗaya (misali, jerin fitilun yanayi), ya kamata ku ƙayyade ƙananan kwandon don HUE (launi) da CAT (haske). Don alamun kunna/kashewa masu sauƙi, daidaitattun kwandon na iya isa. Lambar REF tana taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'irori na tuƙi na yau da kullun.

11. Misalai na Ƙira da Amfani na Aiki

Misali na 1: Hasken Baya na Keypad na Wayar Hannu

Mai zane yana amfani da LED ɗin jerin 57-21 guda huɗu da aka sanya tare da gefen PCB a ƙarƙashin maɓalli mai wucewa. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120 yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen haske a duk maɓallai. Ana tuƙi LED ɗin a jere tare da halin yanzu na ci gaba na 18mA (ƙasa da na yau da kullun don tsawaita rayuwar baturi da rage zafi) ta amfani da takamaiman direban LED IC wanda ya haɗa da sarrafa duhu na PWM daga babban firinta na wayar.

Misali na 2: Alamar Panel na Masana'antu

A cikin panel iko na masana'anta, ana haɗa LED ɗin ja 57-21 (daga dangin jerin iri ɗaya) tare da bututun haske na acrylic na al'ada don kawo alamar yanayi na "Kuskure" daga PCB mai cike da cunkoso zuwa alamar gaban panel. Kunshin duban gefe ya dace daidai a cikin ƙarancin sarari a bayan panel. Mai zane ya zaɓi LED daga kwandon HUE guda ɗaya don tabbatar da launin ja ya yi daidai da sauran alamomi akan panel.

12. Gabatarwar Ƙa'idar Fasaha

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan fasahar semiconductor na AlGaInP. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin gwiwar p-n, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yankin aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa. A cikin kayan AlGaInP, wannan sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske) tare da tsayin zango a cikin bakan rawaya, lemu, ja, da kore, dangane da ainihin abun da ke cikin gami. Launi na koren rairayi (tsayin zango mai rinjaye na 573nm) ana samun shi ta hanyar sarrafa adadin aluminum, gallium, indium, da phosphorus a yayin girma crystal. Ana sassaƙa hasken da aka fitar sannan a jagorance shi ta hanyar ruwan tabarau na epoxy da tsarin mai nuna haske na ciki na kunshi don cimma kusurwar dubawa da ake so.

13. Trends na Masana'antu da Ci gaba

Trend a cikin LED na nuna SMD yana ci gaba zuwa ga ingantaccen inganci (ƙarin fitar da haske a kowace mA), ingantaccen daidaiton launi ta hanyar ƙarin binning, da ƙara ƙaramin ƙarami yayin kiyayewa ko inganta aikin gani. Hakanan akwai ƙarin buƙatu don manyan matakan dogaro, musamman don aikace-aikacen mota da masana'antu, waɗanda zasu iya haɗawa da faɗaɗɗen kewayon zafin jiki da ƙarin gwajin dogaro mai tsauri. Siffar duban gefe ya kasance mahimmanci don hasken baya na ƙarin kayan aikin lantarki masu amfani da nuni na mota. Bugu da ƙari, haɗin kai tare da sarrafa kan jirgin, kamar haɗa resistor ɗin guntu ko IC mai sauƙi don aiki mai ci gaba a cikin kunshi, wani sabon salo ne don sauƙaƙe ƙirar da'ira.