LSHD-5503 LED Display Datasheet - 0.56-inch Digit Height - AlInGaP Red - 2.6V Forward Voltage - 70mW Power Dissipation - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LSHD-5503 babban tsari ne na nuni na lamba guda wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar bayanan lambobi masu haske, masu haske, kuma masu dogaro. Babban fasahar sa ya dogara ne akan ƙwararrun guntu na LED ja na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AS-AlInGaP), waɗanda aka girma akan tushen Gallium Arsenide (GaAs). Wannan tsarin kayan yana da suna saboda ingantaccen inganci da kyakkyawan tsabtar launi a cikin bakan ja. Na'urar tana da fuskar fuska mai launin toka mai haske tare da rabe-raben sassa masu fari, yana ba da bambanci mai girma don mafi kyawun karantawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban. Manyan manufofin ƙira sune ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki, fitar da haske mai girma, haske iri ɗaya na sassa, da dogaro na ƙwaƙƙwaran jiki, wanda ya sa ya dace da haɗawa cikin nau'ikan samfuran masu amfani, masana'antu, da kayan aikin ma'auni inda gabatarwar bayanan lambobi ke da mahimmanci.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Aikin LSHD-5503 an bayyana shi ta hanyar cikakken saitin sigogi na lantarki da na gani, kowannensu yana da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen ƙirar da'ira da hasashen aiki.

2.1 Halaye na Haske da na Gani

Aikin haske shine babban abin bambanta. Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske kowane yanki an ƙayyade shi tare da ƙananan, na yau da kullun, da ƙimar iyaka a ƙarƙashin yanayin tuƙi daban-daban. A ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (I_F) na 1 mA, ƙarfin yana tsakanin 320 μcd (ƙarami) zuwa 1300 μcd (matsakaici), tare da ƙimar yau da kullun da aka bayar. A mafi girman ƙarfin tuƙi na 10 mA, ƙarfin yau da kullun yana tashi sosai zuwa 5400 μcd, yana nuna ikon na'urar don aikace-aikacen haske mai girma. Matsakaicin daidaiton ƙarfin haske tsakanin sassan an ƙayyade shi azaman 2:1 matsakaici a I_F=1mA, yana tabbatar da daidaiton gani a cikin lamba. Tsawon zango mai rinjaye (λ_d) shine 624 nm, kuma mafi girman tsawon zango mai fitarwa (λ_p) shine 632 nm a I_F=20mA, yana sanya shi ƙwaƙƙwaran a cikin ɓangaren ja na bakan gani. Rabin faɗin layin bakan (Δλ) shine 20 nm, yana nuna ƙunƙuntaccen faɗin bakan wanda ke taimakawa ga tsantsar launin ja.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki

Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) kowane yanki yana tsakanin 2.1V (ƙarami) da 2.6V (matsakaici) lokacin da aka tuƙa shi a 20 mA. Wannan sigogi yana da mahimmanci don ƙididdigar ƙimar resistor mai iyakancewa da ake buƙata a cikin da'ira: R_iyaka= (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Ƙarfin lantarki na baya (I_R) an iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin 100 μA a ƙarfin lantarki na baya (V_R) na 5V, wanda shine daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji kuma ba yanayin aiki na ci gaba ba.

2.3 Iyakar Ma'auni da Gudanar da Zafi

Waɗannan ma'auni suna bayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa. Ci gaba da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba kowane yanki shine 25 mA. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba kowane yanki an ƙididdige shi a 90 mA, amma kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (mitar 1 kHz, aikin 15%), wanda ke da amfani don tsare-tsaren haɗawa don cimma mafi girman haske da ake gani. Rage wutar lantarki kowane yanki shine 70 mW, wanda aka ƙididdige shi azaman V_F* I_F. An ƙayyade ƙimar rage ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na 0.28 mA/°C sama da zafin yanayi na 25°C (T_a). Wannan yana nufin ga kowane digiri Celsius sama da 25°C, dole ne a rage matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na ci gaba da aka yarda da 0.28 mA don hana yin zafi sosai. Misali, a 50°C, matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki zai zama 25 mA - (0.28 mA/°C * 25°C) = 18 mA. Yanayin aiki da adanawa yana tsakanin -35°C zuwa +105°C, yana nuna ƙarfi don yanayi mai tsanani.

3. Tsarin Rarrabawa da Rarrabuwa

Takardun bayanan ta bayyana cewa "An rarraba na'urorin don Ƙarfin Haske." Wannan muhimmin tsari ne na ingancin inganci da zaɓi. A lokacin ƙira, bambance-bambance suna faruwa. Rarrabawa ya haɗa da gwada fitowar haske na kowane na'ura a daidaitaccen gwajin ƙarfin lantarki (mai yiwuwa 1 mA ko 10 mA kamar yadda takardun bayanan ta nuna) sannan a rarraba su cikin takamaiman iyakoki na ƙarfin haske ko "kwantena." Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa masu daidaitaccen matakin haske don aikace-aikacensu, tare da tabbatar da kamanni iri ɗaya a cikin nunin lambobi da yawa ko a cikin samfura daban-daban. Duk da yake takardun bayanan tana ba da cikakken iyaka na ƙarami/mafi girma, takamaiman lambobin kwantena da iyakokin ƙarfinsu za a bayyana su a cikin wata takarda daban na rarrabawa daga mai ƙira.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardun bayanan tana nufin "Lanƙwasan Halaye na Lantarki/Gani na Yau da Kullun" waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'ura fiye da takamaiman sigogi. Ko da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani game da takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, daidaitattun lanƙwasa don irin waɗannan na'urori galibi sun haɗa da:

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (I_Vda I_F):Yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin lantarki, yawanci a cikin yanayin ƙasa da layi a manyan ƙarfin lantarki saboda dumama da raguwar inganci.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_Fda I_F):Yana nuna halayen I-V na diode, mai mahimmanci don ƙirar direba.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Yanayin Yanayi (I_Vda T_a):Yana kwatanta yadda fitar da haske ke raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin ke tashi, yana nuna mahimmancin sarrafa zafi.
• Rarraba Bakan:Zane na ƙarfin haske dangane da tsawon zango, yana nuna kololuwa a ~632 nm da rabin faɗin 20 nm.

Waɗannan lanƙwasan suna ba injiniyoyi damar ƙirar aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba daidai ba (misali, ƙarfin tuƙi daban-daban, yanayin zafi) da inganta ƙirar su.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

LSHD-5503 yana da tsayin lamba na inci 0.56 (14.22 mm). An ba da girmen kunshin a cikin zane mai cikakken bayani tare da duk mahimman ma'auni a cikin milimita. Tolerances gabaɗaya ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade su. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar sawun PCB, tabbatar da dacewar dacewa a cikin akwati, da kuma kiyaye daidaiton maki goma. Kunshin yana ɗauke da guntun LED, abin rufe fuska mai launin toka mai haske/abin rufe fuska mai fari, da ƙafafun haɗawa.

6. Haɗin Ƙafafu da Da'irar Ciki

Na'urar tana da daidaitaccen tsari na ƙafafu 10 don nuni na sassa 7 tare da maki goma. Tana amfani dagama gari cathodetsarin gine-gine. Wannan yana nufin cewa an haɗa cathodes (tashoshi marasa kyau) na duk sassan LED tare a ciki kuma an fitar da su zuwa ƙafafu 3 da 8, waɗanda kuma an haɗa su tare. Anodes (tashoshi masu kyau) na kowane yanki (A zuwa G) da maki goma (DP) an fitar da su zuwa ƙafafu daban-daban (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10). Zanen da'irar ciki yana wakiltar wannan tsari a zahiri, yana nuna LED guda takwas (sassa bakwai + DP) tare da keɓance anodes ɗinsu kuma an haɗa cathodes ɗinsu zuwa gama gari node. Wannan tsari ya dace don haɗawa, inda ake kunna lambobi ɗaya bayan ɗaya cikin sauri.

7. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Iyakar ma'auni sun haɗa da takamaiman yanayin solder: ana iya sanya na'urar zuwa zafin guntun solder na 260°C na tsawon dakika 5, tare da sharadin cewa dole ne ƙarshen ƙarfe ya zama aƙalla inci 1/16 (kusan 1.6 mm) a ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na kunshin. Wannan muhimmin umarni ne don hana wuce gona da iri na zafi ya tashi sama da ƙafafu ya lalata guntun LED na ciki ko kunshin filastik. Don solder na igiyar ruwa ko sake kwarara, dole ne a sarrafa bayanin martaba a hankali don tsayawa cikin iyakokin zafi na kunshin, yawanci ana nufin ma'aunin IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020 don hankalin danshi da bayanan martabar sake kwarara, ko da yake ba a bayyana shi a fili a nan ba. Dole ne a bi daidaitaccen tsarin sarrafa ESD (Fitar da Lantarki Mai Tsanani) yayin haɗawa.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

LSHD-5503 ya dace da kowane aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar nuni na lamba guda mai haske, mai dogaro. Amfanin gama gari sun haɗa da: kayan aikin gwaji da ma'auni (multimeters, masu ƙididdige mitar), fale-falen sarrafa masana'antu (nunin zafin jiki, karatun ƙidaya), kayan amfani na mabukaci (tukunyar microwave, injunan wanki, kayan aikin sauti), ma'auni na mota bayan kasuwa, da tashoshi na siyarwa.

8.2 Muhimman Abubuwan Ƙira

• Iyaka Ƙarfin Lantarki:LEDs na'urori ne masu tuƙi. Dole ne a yi amfani da resistor na jerin tare da kowane yanki (ko direba mai ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun) don iyakance ƙarfin lantarki na gaba zuwa ƙimar aminci (≤25 mA ci gaba). Ana ƙididdigar ƙimar resistor ta amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki da faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba daga takardun bayanan.
• Haɗawa:Don nunin lambobi da yawa, na'urar gama gari cathode kamar LSHD-5503 ta dace. Microcontroller na iya bi da bi kunna cathode gama gari na lamba ɗaya yayin da yake tuƙa anodes na yanki don tsarin wannan lambar. Matsakaicin ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki (90 mA bugun jini) yana ba da damar mafi girman ƙarfin lantarki na nan take yayin ɗan gajeren lokacin haɗawa don cimma matsakaicin haske mai haske.
• Ƙirar Zafi:Ku bi daidai da lanƙwasa rage ƙarfin lantarki. Tabbatar da isasshen iska idan ana aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma ko manyan ƙarfin lantarki na ci gaba. Tsarin PCB na iya taimakawa wajen kawar da zafi daga ƙafafu.
• Kusurwar Dubawa:Takardun bayanan ta yi iƙirarin cewa kusurwar dubawa mai faɗi, wanda ke da amfani ga aikace-aikacen da za a iya duba nuni daga wuraren da ba su da axis.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar daidaitattun LED ja na GaAsP (Gallium Arsenide Phosphide), fasahar AlInGaP a cikin LSHD-5503 tana ba da ingantaccen inganci na haske sosai, wanda ke haifar da mafi girman haske don ƙarfin tuƙi iri ɗaya. Hakanan yana ba da mafi kyawun tsabtar launi da kwanciyar hankali akan zafi da lokaci. Idan aka kwatanta da wasu LED farare na zamani tare da masu tace launi, LED ja na AlInGaP suna da launi ɗaya kuma sun fi inganci don samar da hasken ja mai tsabta. Tsayin lamba na inci 0.56 ya sanya shi a cikin nau'in girma na gama gari, yana ba da daidaitaccen ma'auni tsakanin karantawa da sawun jiki. Tsarin sa na cathode gama gari yana ba da fa'ida kai tsaye don ƙirar haɗawa na tushen microcontroller akan nau'ikan anode gama gari a wasu tsarin da'ira.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan nuni kai tsaye daga ƙafar microcontroller na 5V?

A: A'a. Dole ne ka yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa ƙarfin lantarki. LED ja na yau da kullun yana faɗuwa kusan 2V. Haɗa 5V kai tsaye zai haifar da ƙarfin lantarki mai yawa, yana lalata yankin. Ƙididdigar resistor: R = (5V - 2.6V) / 0.02A = 120Ω (ta amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdon aminci).

Q: Menene ma'anar "An rarraba don Ƙarfin Haske" ga ƙirar ta?

A: Yana nufin zaku iya yin oda sassa daga takamaiman kewayon haske. Idan daidaiton gani a cikin na'urori da yawa yana da mahimmanci (misali, panel na lambobi da yawa), ƙayyade lambar kwantena da ake so ga mai rarrabawa don tabbatar da cewa duk lambobin sun yi daidai da haske.

Q: Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki shine 90mA, amma ci gaba shine 25mA kawai. Shin zan iya amfani da 90mA don fitarwa mai haske?

A: Kawai a cikin yanayin bugun jini, kamar yadda aka ƙayyade (1 kHz, aikin 15%). Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki a wannan yanayin zai zama 90mA * 0.15 = 13.5mA, wanda yake cikin ƙimar ci gaba. Ci gaba da aiki a 90mA zai wuce iyakar ɓarnar wutar lantarki kuma zai haifar da gazawar sauri.

Q: Ta yaya zan haɗa ƙafafun cathode gama gari biyu (3 da 8)?

A: An haɗa su a ciki. Kuna iya amfani da ɗaya ko haɗa duka biyu zuwa da'irar direba (misali, transistor sink) don yuwuwar mafi kyawun rarraba ƙarfin lantarki da aikin zafi.

11. Nazarin Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi: Ƙirar nuni mai sauƙi na voltmeter mai lamba 3.

Ana amfani da nunin LSHD-5503 guda uku. An zaɓi microcontroller tare da isassun ƙafafun I/O. Ƙirar tana amfani da haɗawa na rarraba lokaci:

1. An haɗa ƙafafun cathode gama gari na kowane lamba zuwa transistors NPN daban-daban (ko takamaiman IC direba) wanda microcontroller ke sarrafa.

2. An haɗa ƙafafun anode na yanki (A-G, DP) na duka lambobi uku tare kuma an haɗa su da microcontroller ta hanyar resistors masu iyakancewa ƙarfin lantarki.

3. Software na microcontroller: a) Yana kashe duk transistors direba na cathode. b) Yana ƙididdige waɗanne sassa ke buƙatar haskakawa don lambar ɗaruruwan. c) Yana kunna tsarin yanki akan layukan anode. d) Yana kunna transistor na ɗan gajeren lokaci don cathode na lambar ɗaruruwan. e) Yana maimaita matakai b-d don lambobin goma da raka'a cikin sauri (misali, a matsakaicin ƙimar 1 kHz).

Za a iya saita matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na yanki yayin ɗan gajeren lokacinsa mafi girma (misali, 40-60 mA) don rama ƙaramin aikin aiki (≈33% kowane lamba a cikin tsarin lamba 3), yana cimma nuni mai haske, mara flicker yayin kiyaye matsakaicin wutar lantarki da zafi cikin iyakoki.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Fasaha

LSHD-5503 ya dogara ne akan kayan semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) wanda aka girma akan tushen Gallium Arsenide (GaAs). Wannan wani sinadari ne na rukunin III-V. Lokacin da aka sanya ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin p-n, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yanki mai aiki. Haɗuwarsu yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman makamashin bandgap na gami na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade tsawon zango na hasken da aka fitar; a wannan yanayin, an daidaita shi don samar da hasken ja a kusa da 624-632 nm. Amfani da kayan bandgap kai tsaye kamar AlInGaP yana haifar da ingantaccen inganci na ciki. Ana fitar da haske ta hanyar kunshin epoxy da aka ƙera wanda ya haɗa da fuska mai launin toka mai haske tare da sassan da aka fentin fari. Fentin fari yana nuna haske kuma yana watsa haske daga guntun LED da ke ƙasa, yana haifar da sassan da aka haskaka iri ɗaya ga mai amfani.

13. Trends da Mahallin Fasaha

Duk da yake LSHD-5503 yana wakiltar fasaha mai girma kuma mai dogaro, faɗin fagen fasahar nuni yana ci gaba da haɓakawa. AlInGaP ya kasance babban fasahar inganci mai inganci don LED ja da amber. Trends a cikin nunin LED daban-daban sun haɗa da neman mafi girman inganci (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), wanda ke inganta rayuwar baturi a cikin na'urorin hannu da rage nauyin zafi. Hakanan akwai wani yanayi zuwa ƙananan ma'auni na guntu kanta, yana ba da damar yuwuwar ƙananan sawun kunshin ko mafi girman yawan pixel a cikin nunin abubuwa da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, haɗawa shine muhimmin yanayi; Lantarki direba da wani lokacin ma microcontrollers ana haɗa su cikin "na'urorin nuni masu hankali," suna sauƙaƙa tsarin ƙira ga injiniyoyi na ƙarshe. Koyaya, don daidaitattun nunin lamba guda mai tsada, na'urori kamar LSHD-5503, tare da tabbataccen aikin su da samuwa mai yawa, za su ci gaba da zama muhimmin sashi a cikin ƙirar lantarki nan gaba, musamman a aikace-aikacen da ba a buƙatar nunin zane na al'ada.