Takardar Bayanin Fasaha ta LTS-4301JD LED Display - Tsawon Lamba 0.4-inch - Hyper Red 650nm - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 2.6V - Ragewar Wutar Lantarki 70mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTS-4301JD ƙaramin na'ura ne mai nuna lamba guda ɗaya wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar nuni mai haske da bayyananne. Aikin sa na asali shine nuna lambobi 0 zuwa 9 ta hanyar amfani da tsarin guda bakwai na al'ada, wanda aka ƙara da maki goma na hannun dama. An ƙera wannan na'urar don haɗawa cikin kayan lantarki iri-iri inda sarari, ingantaccen amfani da wutar lantarki, da kuma sauƙin karantawa suke da muhimmanci.

Nunin yana amfani da ci-gaban fasahar AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don sassan da ke fitar da haske. An zaɓi wannan tsarin kayan musamman saboda ingancinsa wajen samar da hasken ja mai ƙarfi. An ƙera guntuwan akan wani tushe na GaAs (Gallium Arsenide) wanda ba ya watsa haske, wanda ke haɓaka bambanci ta hanyar hana tarwatsa haske a ciki da kuma inganta bayyanannen sassan da ba a kunna ba. Kayan rufin yana da fuskar launin toka tare da alamomin sassa masu fari, yana ba da kyakkyawan bayyanar lokacin da ba a kunna ba da kuma babban bambanci idan an kunna sassan.

Kasuwowin da aka fi niyya don wannan sashi sun haɗa da kayan aikin masana'antu, na'urorin amfani da gida, kayan aikin gwaji da aunawa, tsarin tallace-tallace, da kuma nuni na dashboard na mota. Ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin haskensa yana tabbatar da daidaiton matakan haske a cikin rukunin samarwa, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton aikin gani.

2. Zurfin Fahimtar Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Halaye na Auna Hasken da na Gani

Ana ayyana aikin gani a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji a zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C. Babban ma'auni, Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv), yana da ƙimar al'ada na 650 µcd (microcandelas) idan aka yi amfani da shi a ƙarfin gaba (IF) na 1 mA. Mafi ƙarancin ƙayyadaddun ƙimar shine 200 µcd, yana tabbatar da matakin haske na asali. Ana auna ƙarfin haske ta amfani da haɗakar firikwensin da tacewa wanda aka daidaita zuwa daidaitaccen lanƙwasa na amsawar ido na CIE (Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage), yana tabbatar da cewa ƙimar da aka ruwaito ta dace da hangen nesa na ɗan adam.

Na'urar tana fitar da haske a cikin bakan hasken ja mai ƙarfi. Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Watsawa (λp) yawanci shine 650 nanometers (nm). Tsawon Tsawon Rinjaye (λd), wanda ya fi dacewa da launin da ake gani, an ƙayyade shi a 639 nm. Ramin Rabin Layin Bakan (Δλ) shine 20 nm, yana nuna tsaftar bakan da kuma ƙuntataccen kewayon tsawon raƙuman da ake fitarwa, wanda ke haifar da cikakken launin ja. An ƙayyade Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Daidaitaccen Ƙarfin Hasken na 2:1, ma'ana bambancin haske tsakanin kowane sassa biyu a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin tuƙi ba zai wuce wannan rabo ba, yana tabbatar da daidaiton bayyanar lambar da aka ƙirƙira.

2.2 Ma'auni na Lantarki

Halayen lantarki suna ayyana iyakokin aiki da aikin al'ada. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba kowane sashi (VF) yana daga 2.1V zuwa 2.6V a gwajin ƙarfin na 20 mA. Dole ne masu ƙira su tabbatar da cewa da'irar tuƙi na iya samar da isasshen ƙarfin wutar lantarki don shawo kan wannan. Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙimar ya tsara ƙayyadaddun iyakoki: Ci gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba kowane sashi bai kamata ya wuce 25 mA ba, tare da ma'aunin raguwa na layi na 0.33 mA/°C sama da 25°C. Wannan raguwa yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa zafin jiki; yayin da zafin yanayi ya tashi, dole ne a rage matsakaicin ƙarfin da aka yarda don hana yin zafi da lalacewa ta dindindin.

Ana ba da izinin Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Gaba na 90 mA a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1 ms), wanda za'a iya amfani da shi don tsare-tsaren haɗawa ko haɓaka haske na ɗan lokaci. Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Wutar Juya (VR) kowane sashi shine 5V; wuce wannan na iya lalata haɗin PN na LED. An ƙayyade Ƙarfin Juya (IR) a matsakaicin 100 µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da 5V a cikin karkatar da baya, yana nuna halayen ɓarna na haɗin gwiwa.

2.3 Ma'auni na Zafi da Amincewa

An ƙididdige na'urar don Kewayon Zafin Aiki na -35°C zuwa +85°C. Wannan faɗin kewayon ya sa ya dace da yanayin da ke fuskantar sauye-sauyen zafin jiki. Kewayon Zafin Ajiya iri ɗaya ne (-35°C zuwa +85°C). Ragewar Wutar Lantarki kowane sashi yana iyakance zuwa 70 mW. Sarrafa wannan ɓarna ta hanyar daidaitaccen iyakancewa ƙarfi, kuma idan ya cancanta, sanyaya zafi yana da mahimmanci don dogon lokacin amincin aiki. Takardar bayanin kuma ta ƙayyade bayanin yanayin zafin soldering: na'urar na iya jure 260°C na tsawon dakika 3 a wani batu 1/16 inch (kusan 1.6 mm) ƙasa da matakin wurin zama, wanda ke jagorantar tsarin soldering na sake kunnawa.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba

Takardar bayanin ta nuna cewa na'urorin "An Rarraba don Ƙarfin Hasken." Wannan yana nuna tsarin rarrabawa ko rarrabawa bayan samarwa. Duk da cewa ba a bayar da cikakkun bayanan lambobin kwandon a cikin wannan ɓangaren ba, rarrabuwa na al'ada don irin waɗannan nunin ya ƙunshi rukunin raka'a bisa ga ƙarfin hasken da aka auna a daidaitaccen gwajin ƙarfi (misali, 1 mA). Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa abokan ciniki suna karɓar samfuran tare da daidaitattun matakan haske. Masu ƙira waɗanda ke samo waɗannan sassa yakamata su tabbatar da takamaiman tsarin rarrabawa daga mai kera don tabbatar da cewa zaɓaɓɓen rukunin ƙarfi ya cika bukatun aikace-aikacensu don daidaito, musamman lokacin da ake amfani da nunin da yawa a gefe.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanin tana nuni zuwa "Lanƙwasan Halaye na Lantarki / Gani na Al'ada" a shafi na ƙarshe. Ko da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani game da takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, irin waɗannan lanƙwasan da aka haɗa a cikin cikakkun takardun bayani suna da mahimmanci don ƙira. Waɗannan yawanci za su nuna:

• Dangantaccen Ƙarfin Hasken da Ƙarfin Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V):Wannan jadawali yana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin tuƙi. Yawanci ba layi daya bane, tare da inganci yawanci yana raguwa a manyan ƙarfi.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba:Wannan lanƙwasa yana taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'irar iyakancewa ƙarfi ta hanyar nuna juriya mai ƙarfi na LED.
• Dangantaccen Ƙarfin Hasken da Zafin Yanayi:Wannan yana nuna raguwar fitowar haske yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a cikin yanayin da ba na yanayi ba.
• Rarraba Bakan:Zane na ƙarfin dangi da tsawon raƙuman ruwa, yana tabbatar da gani cikin gani ƙayyadaddun tsayin kololuwa da rinjaye da kuma rabin faɗin bakan.

Ya kamata injiniyoyi su yi amfani da waɗannan lanƙwasan don inganta yanayin tuƙi don daidaita haske, inganci, da tsawon rai, maimakon yin aiki kawai a matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

An gabatar da na'urar tare da cikakken zanen girma na fakitin. An ba da duk girma a cikin milimita, tare da juzu'i na gabaɗaya na ±0.25 mm (0.01 inch) sai dai idan an ƙayyade. Nunin yana da tsayin lamba na 0.4 inches (10.0 mm). Zanen injiniyan zai ayyana tsayin duka, faɗi, da tsayin fakitin, wurin sashi da maki goma, tazarar jagora (fil) da girma, da kowane fasali na maɓalli ko daidaitawa. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar sawun PCB, tabbatar da dacewar dacewa a cikin murfin samfurin, da kuma daidaita nunin daidai akan allon.

6. Haɗin Fil da Da'irar Ciki

LTS-4301JD na'ura ce ta Cathode Gama Gari. An bayar da zanen haɗin fil a sarari:

1. Fil 1: Anode G (Sashi G)
2. Fil 2: Anode F (Sashi F)
3. Fil 3: Cathode Gama Gari
4. Fil 4: Anode E (Sashi E)
5. Fil 5: Anode D (Sashi D)
6. Fil 6: Anode D.P. (Maki Goma)
7. Fil 7: Anode C (Sashi C)
8. Fil 8: Cathode Gama Gari
9. Fil 9: Anode B (Sashi B)
10. Fil 10: Anode A (Sashi A)

Kasancewar filayen cathode gama gari biyu (3 da 8) na al'ada ne, suna aiki don rage yawan ƙarfi a cikin fakitin da kuma inganta amincin aiki. Zanen da'irar ciki yana nuna cewa duk anodes na sassa (A-G da DP) an keɓe su da juna ta hanyar lantarki, yayin da an haɗa cathodes ɗin su a ciki zuwa filayen cathode gama gari biyu. Wannan tsari yana buƙatar da'irar tuƙi don samo ƙarfi zuwa ga takamaiman anodes na sassa kuma a zubar da jimlar ƙarfin ta hanyar haɗin cathode gama gari.

7. Jagororin Solder da Taro

Babban jagorar taro da aka bayar shine iyakar zafin soldering: kayan aikin na iya jure 260°C na tsawon dakika 3 a wani batu 1.6 mm ƙasa da matakin wurin zama. Wannan daidaitaccen bayanin bayanin sake kunnawa ne na IPC. Don taro:

• Yi amfani da shawarar bayanin sake kunnawa don soldering mara gubar (kamar yadda aka nuna ta kololuwar zafin 260°C).
• Tabbatar da ƙirar kushin PCB ta dace da girma na fakitin don guje wa kabari ko rashin daidaito.
• Guci matsin lamba na injiniya akan jagororin yayin sarrafawa. Kada a taɓa ruwan tabarau na filastik kai tsaye da kayan aikin da aka gurbata.
• Bi daidaitattun matakan kariya na ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) yayin sarrafawa da taro don kare haɗin gwiwar semiconductor.
• Ku bi ƙayyadaddun kewayon zafin ajiya (-35°C zuwa +85°C) da yanayin zafi kafin amfani.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Wannan nunin ya dace da kowane na'urar da ke buƙatar nuni na lamba guda ɗaya mai sauƙin karantawa. Aikace-aikacen gama gari sun haɗa da: ma'aunin zafi/ɗanɗano na dijital, nunin lokaci da ƙidaya, karatun mita na ƙarfin wutar lantarki/ƙarfi, bangarorin sarrafa kayan aiki (misali, tanda, microwave), nunin kalkuleta na asali, da alamun lambar yanayi akan kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa ko masana'antu.

8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

• Iyaka Ƙarfi:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa ƙarfi a jere don kowane anode na sashi. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor kamar R = (Vsupply - VF) / IF, inda VF shine ƙarfin wutar gaba (yi amfani da ƙimar matsakaici don aminci) kuma IF shine ƙarfin aiki da ake so (ba ya wuce ƙimar ci gaba).
• Haɗawa:Don aikace-aikacen lambobi da yawa ta amfani da irin waɗannan nunin da yawa, tsarin tuƙi mai haɗawa daidaitacce ne. Wannan ya ƙunshi ƙarfafa cathode gama gari na lamba ɗaya a lokaci guda yayin gabatar da bayanan sashi don wannan lamba. Matsakaicin ƙimar ƙarfin yana ba da damar manyan ƙarfin bugun jini a cikin wannan yanayin, amma dole ne a sarrafa aikin aiki da matsakaicin ƙarfi don ci gaba da kasancewa cikin iyakokin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki na ci gaba.
• Haɗin Microcontroller:Ana sarrafa nunin cikin sauƙi ta filayen GPIO na microcontroller, sau da yawa ta hanyar IC ɗin direba ko tsarar transistor don sarrafa buƙatun ƙarfi mafi girma, musamman don cathode gama gari.
• Kusurwar Dubawa:Takardar bayanin ta yi iƙirarin cewa kusurwar dubawa mai faɗi. Don mafi kyawun sanyawa, yi la'akari da manyan layukan gani na mai amfani na ƙarshe dangane da nunin da aka saka.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP (Gallium Arsenide Phosphide) LED ja, fasahar AlInGaP a cikin LTS-4301JD tana ba da inganci mafi girma na haske, yana haifar da haske mafi girma don ƙarfin shigarwa iri ɗaya ko daidaitaccen haske a ƙarancin wutar lantarki. Amfani da wani tushe mara watsa haske yana inganta bambanci idan aka kwatanta da na'urori akan tushe masu watsa haske, saboda yana hana fitar da haske da ba a so daga ɓangarorin guntu. Fuskar launin toka tare da sassa fari tana ba da bayyanar ƙwararru, babban bambanci ko da lokacin da ba a samar da wutar lantarki ba, wanda ya fi dukan baƙar fata ko nunin fuska a bayyane a yawancin yanayin hasken yanayi. Tsayin lambarsa na 0.4-inch yana cika takamaiman rami tsakanin ƙananan nunin da ba a iya karantawa da manyan, waɗanda ke da ƙarancin wutar lantarki.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan nunin kai tsaye daga fil ɗin microcontroller na 5V?

A: A'a. Dole ne ka yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa ƙarfi a jere tare da kowane sashi. Don samar da 5V da ƙarfin da ake so na 20 mA, ta amfani da matsakaicin VF na 2.6V, ƙimar resistor zata kasance (5V - 2.6V) / 0.020A = 120 Ohms. Koyaushe tabbatar da ikon samar da ƙarfin fil ɗin microcontroller.

Q: Me "cathode gama gari" ke nufi ga ƙirar da'irata?

A: Yana nufin cewa an haɗa duk cathodes (bangarori marasa kyau) na sassan LED tare a cikin fakitin. Don kunna sashi, ka shigar da ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai kyau (ta hanyar resistor) zuwa takamaiman fil ɗin anode kuma ka haɗa fil ɗin cathode gama gari zuwa ƙasa (0V).

Q: Matsakaicin ƙarfin ci gaba shine 25 mA, amma yanayin gwaji don VF yana amfani da 20 mA. Wanne yakamata in yi amfani da shi?

A: 20 mA daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji ne kuma wurin aiki mai aminci, na al'ada wanda ke ba da kyakkyawan haske yayin kiyaye tsawon rai. Kuna iya aiki har zuwa 25 mA idan ana buƙatar haske mafi girma, amma dole ne ku bi ƙa'idodin zafin yanayi da raguwa. Yin aiki a ko kusa da matsakaicin ƙimar na iya rage tsawon lokacin aiki.

Q: Me yasa akwai filayen cathode gama gari biyu?

A> Don daidaiton injiniya da kuma rarraba jimlar ƙarfin cathode (wanda shine jimlar ƙarfin daga duk sassan da aka kunna) a cikin fil biyu. Wannan yana rage yawan ƙarfi kowane fil, yana inganta amincin aiki, kuma yana iya sauƙaƙe shimfidar PCB.

11. Ƙira mai Aiki da Misalin Amfani

Harka: Ƙirar Karatun Mita na Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Dijital Mai Sauƙi.

Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙirar mita na DC 0-5V. Ana haɗa mai canzawa daga analog zuwa dijital (ADC) tare da fitarwa mai lamba 3 zuwa microcontroller. Firmware na microcontroller yana canza karatun dijital zuwa lamba mai lamba 3 (misali, 4.23V). Don nuna wannan, ana amfani da raka'o'in LTS-4301JD guda uku. Ƙirar tana amfani da haɗawa ta hanyar raba lokaci. Microcontroller yana amfani da tashar jiragen ruwa don tuƙa anodes na sassa (A-G, DP) don duk nunin uku a layi daya. Ana amfani da transistors NPN guda uku (ko takamaiman IC direba) don zubar da ƙarfi ta hanyar cathode gama gari na kowane lamba, ɗaya bayan ɗaya, cikin sauri (misali, a 100 Hz kowane lamba). Firmware yana daidaita bayanan sashi tare da cathode na lamba mai aiki. An sanya resistors masu iyakancewa ƙarfi akan kowane layin sashi guda takwas. Babban haske da bambanci suna tabbatar da cewa karatun yana bayyananne ko da a cikin yanayin da aka haskaka. Ƙarfin hasken da aka rarraba yana tabbatar da cewa duk lambobi uku suna bayyana daidai da haske.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'ida

Nuni mai sassa bakwai wani nau'i ne na na'urar nuni ta lantarki wacce ta ƙunshi fitilun fitilun haske (LEDs) guda bakwai waɗanda aka jera a cikin tsarin takwas mai rectangular. Ana kiran kowane LED sashi saboda yana zama wani ɓangare na lamba lokacin da aka kunna shi. Ta hanyar kunna takamaiman haɗuɗɗun waɗannan sassa bakwai, nunin na iya wakiltar lambobi goma na goma (0-9) da wasu haruffa hexadecimal (A, b, C, d, E, F). Ana haɗa ƙarin LED don maki goma (DP) sau da yawa. LTS-4301JD yana aiwatar da wannan ka'ida ta amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP. Lokacin da aka shigar da ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai karkatar da gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin haɗin gwiwar diode a kan anode da cathode na sashi, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na semiconductor, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske) a tsawon raƙuman ruwa da aka ƙaddara ta hanyar bandgap na kayan - a wannan yanayin, kusan 650 nm (ja). Tushen da ba ya watsa haske yana ɗaukar photons ɓatacce, yana haɓaka bambanci.

13. Trends na Ci gaba

Juyin halittar nunin sassa bakwai yana bin manyan trends a cikin optoelectronics. Duk da yake ainihin siffar sassa bakwai ta ci gaba da zama mai amfani don karatun lamba, fasahar da ke ƙasa tana ci gaba da ci gaba. Akwai ci gaba mai ci gaba zuwa mafi girman ingancin haske (ƙarin fitowar haske kowace watt na shigarwar lantarki), wanda ke inganta ingantaccen amfani da makamashi kuma yana ba da damar ƙarancin wutar lantarki ko ƙara haske. Mafi faɗin gamut launi da ci gaban mafi inganci kore da shuɗi LEDs dangane da kayan kamar InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) sun ba da damar cikakken launi, nunin ɗigo-matrix mai lamba da yawa su zama gama gari, ko da yake sassa bakwai ya kasance mafi rinjaye don aikace-aikacen lamba kawai saboda sauƙinsa da ingancin farashi. Haɗin kai wani trend ne, tare da na'urorin tuƙi na lantarki, microcontrollers, kuma wani lokacin ma firikwensin suna haɗuwa cikin "na'urorin nuni masu hankali". Koyaya, ɓangarorin daban-daban kamar LTS-4301JD suna riƙe da matsayi mai ƙarfi a cikin ƙirar da ke buƙatar sassauci, takamaiman halayen aiki, ko inganta farashi a manyan adadi.