Bayanin Fasaha na Nunin LED LTS-10804KF - Tsayin Lamba 1.0-inch - Launi Mai-Rawaya-Orange - Halin Gaba na 25mA - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTS-10804KF nunin lamba ɗaya ne, mai lamba bakwai wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karanta lambobi (0-9) da wasu haruffa ta amfani da sassan LED da aka sarrafa su daban. Na'urar tana amfani da fasahar semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) mai ci gaba da aka girma akan substrate na Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) don samar da haskenta na musamman mai launin rawaya-orange. Wannan zaɓin kayan yana da mahimmanci ga aikin sa, yana ba da ingantacciyar inganci da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar Gallium Phosphide na yau da kullun. Nunin yana da farantin fuska mai baƙi tare da alamomin sassa fari, wanda ke haɓaka bambanci da karantawa sosai a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban, yana mai da shi dacewa da aikace-aikacen cikin gida da na waje inda gani ke da mahimmanci.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Musamman da Kasuwar Manufa

LTS-10804KF yana ba da fa'idodi daban-daban waɗanda ke sanya shi da kyau a cikin kasuwar kayan lantarki na masana'antu da na mabukaci. Ƙarancin buƙatun wutar lantarki shine babban fa'ida, yana ba da damar haɗawa cikin na'urori masu amfani da baturi ko masu kula da makamashi ba tare da lalata haske ba. Babban ƙarfin haske, wanda aka rarraba don daidaito, yana tabbatar da kamanni iri ɗaya a cikin batutuwan samarwa, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga nunin lambobi da yawa a cikin kayan aiki da bangarori. Ingantaccen amincin LED yana fassara zuwa tsawon rayuwar aiki da juriya ga girgiza da rawar jiki, yana fi na'urorin nunin fitila ko na'urori masu haske na yau da kullun. Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana tabbatar da karantawa daga matsayi daban-daban, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga mitoci na panel, kayan aikin gwaji, da alamomin yanayi. Kunshin da ba shi da gubar yana tabbatar da bin ka'idojin muhalli na duniya kamar RoHS. Wannan haɗin siffofi ya sa nunin ya zama manufa ga kasuwanni da suka haɗa da bangarorin sarrafa masana'antu, dashbodin motoci (don kayan haɗi na baya), kayan aikin likitanci, kayan aikin gwaji da aunawa, da kayan amfanin gida inda ake buƙatar nunin lambobi mai ƙarfi, bayyananne, da inganci.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Cikakkiyar fahimtar ƙayyadaddun lantarki da na gani yana da mahimmanci don nasarar ƙira da haɗa da'ira.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsayi

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Matsakaicin ɓarnar wutar lantarki a kowane yanki shine 134 mW. Matsakaicin halin gaba na kowane yanki an ƙididdige shi a 60 mA, amma wannan yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da aikin 1/10 da faɗin bugun 0.1 ms. Don ci gaba da aiki, matsakaicin halin gaba na kowane yanki shine 25 mA a 25°C, yana raguwa a layi a 0.33 mA/°C yayin da yanayin yanayi ya tashi. Wannan raguwa yana da mahimmanci ga sarrafa zafin jiki; wuce gona da iri na halin gaba a wani yanayin zafin jiki na iya haifar da zafi mai yawa, saurin raguwar lumen, da gazawar ƙarshe. Yanayin aiki da ajiya yana daga -35°C zuwa +105°C, yana nuna ingantaccen aiki a cikin yanayi mai tsanani. Yanayin solder yana ƙayyadad da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na tsawon dakika 3 a nisan 1/16 inch (kusan 1.6 mm) a ƙasa da farantin zama, yana ba da ƙayyadaddun jagorori don hanyoyin haɗa PCB.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan su ne madaidaicin sigogin aiki da aka auna a Ta=25°C. Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske (Iv) a kowane yanki ya bambanta daga 420 μcd (mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 1400 μcd (na yau da kullun) a halin gaba (If) na 1 mA. Wannan babban haske a ƙarancin wutar lantarki alama ce ta fasahar AlInGaP. Matsakaicin tsayin tsayin fitarwa (λp) shine 611 nm, kuma babban tsayin tsayi (λd) shine 605 nm, yana ayyana wurin launin rawaya-orange. Ramin rabin layin bakan (Δλ) shine 17 nm, yana nuna ƙunƙuntaccen bandwidth na bakan wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga tsaftar launi. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki (Vf) a kowane yanki yana da kewayon na yau da kullun na 4.20V zuwa 5.20V a If=20mA. Musamman ma, maki goma (DP) yana da ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki, wanda aka nuna a cikin baka a matsayin 2.1V zuwa 2.6V, wanda dole ne a yi la'akari da shi a cikin da'irar tuƙi, mai yiwuwa yana nuna yana amfani da wata fasahar guntu daban (watakila GaP na yau da kullun). Juyin halitta (Ir) an ƙayyade shi a matsakaicin 100 μA a jujjuyawar ƙarfin lantarki (Vr) na 10V don sassa da 5V don DP. Wannan siga ne kawai don dalilai na gwaji, kuma bai kamata a yi amfani da na'urar a ƙarƙashin juzu'in baya ba. Matsakaicin daidaiton ƙarfin haske tsakanin sassa a cikin yanki mai haske iri ɗaya shine 2:1 matsakaici a If=10mA, yana tabbatar da daidaito mai karɓuwa. An ƙayyade magana tsakanin sassa don zama ƙasa da 1.0%, yana rage hasken sassa na kusa da ba a so.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Bayanin bayanin yana nuna cewa na'urar "An Rarraba don Ƙarfin Haskakawa." Wannan yana nuna tsarin binning yana nan, kodayake ba a ƙididdige takamaiman lambobin kwandon a nan ba. A aikace, masana'anta sau da yawa suna rarraba LED zuwa kwandon bisa mahimman sigogi kamar ƙarfin haske da ƙarfin lantarki don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin guda ɗaya na samarwa ko oda. Masu ƙira yakamata su tuntubi masana'anta don cikakkun bayanan binning idan ana buƙatar daidaita ƙarfin haske a cikin nunin da yawa don aikace-aikacensu. Kewayon ƙarfin haske na yau da kullun da aka bayar (420-1400 μcd) yana ba da alamar yiwuwar yaduwa.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da PDF ya yi nuni da "Madaidaicin Lanƙwasa Halayen Lantarki / Na Gani," takamaiman jadawali ba a haɗa su a cikin abubuwan da aka bayar. Yawanci, irin waɗannan lanƙwasa don nunin LED za su haɗa da:Halin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V): Wannan jadawali yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta dace ba tsakanin halin yanzu da ƙarfin lantarki. Ƙarfin gwiwa shine inda LED ta fara fitar da haske sosai. Lanƙwasa yana taimakawa wajen zaɓar madaidaicin resistor mai iyakancewa ko ƙirar tuƙi na halin yanzu.Ƙarfin Haskakawa vs. Halin Gaba (Lanƙwasa L-I): Wannan yana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu. Gabaɗaya yana layi ne a cikin kewayon amma zai cika a manyan halayen yanzu saboda tasirin zafi.Ƙarfin Haskakawa vs. Yanayin Yanayi: Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna raguwar fitowar haske yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru, yana nuna mahimmancin sarrafa zafin jiki.Rarraba Ƙarfin Bakan: Jadawali da ke jera ƙarfin dangi akan tsayin tsayi, yana nuna kololuwa a ~611 nm da siffar da aka ayyana ta 17 nm rabin faɗi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin da Tolerances

Nunin yana da tsayin lamba 1.0 inch (25.4 mm). Duk manyan girmansu suna da jurewa na ±0.25 mm (0.01"). Muhimman bayanan injiniya sun haɗa da iyakoki akan kayan waje ko kumfa a cikin wani yanki (≤20 mils), lanƙwasa mai nuna haske (≤1% na tsayinsa), da gurɓataccen tawada na saman (≤20 mils). Juzu'in ƙaramin ƙarfe shine ±0.40 mm. Diamita na ramin PCB da aka ba da shawarar don ƙusoshin shine 1.00 mm, wanda ke da mahimmanci don tabbatar da dacewar injiniya da amincin haɗin gwiwa yayin igiyar ruwa ko sake kunnawa.

5.2 Saitin Fil da Polarity

LTS-10804KF nunin anode gama gari ne. Zanen da'irar ciki yana nuna duk anodes ɗin yanki suna haɗuwa tare zuwa fil ɗin anode gama gari (fil 4 da fil 11). Kowane cathode na yanki (A-G da DP) yana da nasa fil na musamman. Don haskaka wani yanki, dole ne a haɗa fil ɗin anode gama gari zuwa ƙarfin lantarki mai kyau (ta hanyar resistor mai iyakancewa ko direba), kuma fil ɗin cathode na yanki dole ne a ja ƙasa (a jefa shi ƙasa). Fil 3, 7, 10, da 13 an lura da su a matsayin "Babu Haɗin" (N/C). Pinout shine: 1:E, 2:D, 3:N/C, 4:Anode Gama Gari, 5:C, 6:DP, 7:N/C, 8:B, 9:A, 10:N/C, 11:Anode Gama Gari, 12:F, 13:N/C, 14:G.

6. Jagororin Solder da Hada

Matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar suna ƙayyadad da yanayin solder: zafin jikin kayan bai kamata ya wuce matsakaicin ƙimar sa ba yayin haɗawa, tare da jagora na 260°C na tsawon dakika 3 a 1/16 inch a ƙasa da farantin zama. Wannan shine na yau da kullun don solder igiyar ruwa. Don sake kunnawa solder, daidaitaccen bayanin martaba maras gubar tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki kusan 260°C zai yi aiki, amma lokacin bayyanawa sama da ruwa yakamata a sarrafa shi. Masu ƙira dole ne su tabbatar da shimfidar PCB yana ba da taimakon zafi mai isa don hana zafi mai yawa na guntuwar LED ta hanyar jagororin. Kafin solder, yakamata a adana kayan a cikin ƙayyadadden kewayon -35°C zuwa +105°C a cikin yanayi bushewa don hana ɗaukar danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da "popcorning" yayin sake kunnawa.

7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

7.1 Madaidaicin Da'irori na Aikace-aikace

Nunin yana buƙatar resistors masu iyakancewa na waje don kowane yanki ko takamaiman IC direban LED. Don ƙirar sauƙaƙa mai yawa tare da microcontroller, za a sauya fil ɗin anode gama gari ta hanyar transistors na PNP ko direbobi masu babban gefe, yayin da za a haɗa cathodes ɗin yanki zuwa fil ɗin microcontroller ko rijistar motsi mai ikon nutsewa. Bambancin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na maki goma (DP) yana buƙatar lissafin resistor mai iyakancewa daban. Ana ba da shawarar direban halin yanzu na yau da kullun don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar sarrafa haske daidai da kwanciyar hankali akan zafin jiki.

7.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

• Iyakance Halin Yanzu: Koyaushe yi amfani da resistors na jerin ko direbobi na halin yanzu na yau da kullun. Ƙididdige ƙimar resistor bisa ƙarfin wutar lantarki, ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED (amfani da Vf matsakaicin don ƙira mai aminci), da halin gaba da ake so (zauna ƙasa da matsakaicin ci gaba na 25mA, misali, 10-15mA don kyakkyawan haske da tsawon rai).
• Gudanar da Zafin Jiki: Ko da yake ɓarnar wutar lantarki ƙarami ne a kowane yanki, nunin lambobi da yawa ko yanayin zafi mai yawa yana buƙatar kulawa. Tabbatar da isasshen iskar iska kuma yi la'akari da lanƙwasa raguwa. Guji sanya nunin kusa da wasu tushen zafi.
• Kusurwar Dubawa: Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana da fa'ida, amma don mafi kyawun karantawa, sanya nunin a kai tsaye zuwa babban layin gani na mai amfani.
• Kariya ta ESD: LED suna da hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki. Aiwatar da daidaitattun hanyoyin sarrafa ESD yayin haɗawa.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin nunin LED na jan GaAsP ko kore GaP na yau da kullun, fasahar AlInGaP a cikin LTS-10804KF tana ba da ingantaccen inganci na haske, ma'ana fitarwa mai haske don halin yanzu iri ɗaya, ko daidaitaccen fitarwa a ƙarancin wutar lantarki. Launin rawaya-orange yana ba da kyakkyawan gani kuma galibi ana ganin shi a matsayin mai haske fiye da ja. Idan aka kwatanta da nunin matrix-dot, na'urar mai lamba bakwai tana da sauƙin tuƙi da warwarewa, tana buƙatar ƙananan fil ɗin I/O don lamba ɗaya, yana mai da shi mai fa'ida don aikace-aikacen da kawai ke nuna lambobi. Babban cinikin sa shine iyakancewa ga haruffan lambobi maimakon cikakkun zane-zane.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Me yasa akwai kewayon ƙarfin lantarki guda biyu daban-daban da aka jera (don sassa da DP)?

A: Wataƙila maki goma yana amfani da wani abu daban na semiconductor (misali, GaP na yau da kullun don ja) tare da ƙaramin bandgap, yana haifar da ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan lokacin ƙirar da'irar tuƙi.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan nunin tare da samar da wutar lantarki 5V?

A: Ee, amma ana buƙatar lissafin a hankali na resistor mai iyakancewa. Don wani yanki tare da Vf(max)=5.2V a 20mA, samar da wutar lantarki 5V bai isa ya shawo kan ƙarfin lantarki na gaba ba. Dole ne ko dai ku yi aiki a ƙarancin halin yanzu (inda Vf ya yi ƙasa, duba lanƙwasa na yau da kullun) ko kuma ku yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki sama da matsakaicin Vf, kamar 6V ko 12V, tare da madaidaicin resistor.

Q: Me yake nufi da "daidaiton ƙarfin haske 2:1"?

A: Yana nufin auna ƙarfin mafi ƙanƙanta na yanki idan aka kwatanta da yanki mafi haske a cikin yanki iri ɗaya (misali, duk yankuna "A") ba zai fi muni ba fiye da rabo 1:2. Yankin mafi haske ba zai fi sau biyu haske fiye da mafi duhu ba a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji iri ɗaya.

10. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki

Harka: Ƙirar Karatun Voltmeter na Lamba

Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙirar voltmeter na DC mai lamba 3. Sun zaɓi nunin LTS-10804KF guda uku. Microcontroller yana da iyakataccen I/O, don haka suna amfani da tsarin yawa. Fil ɗin anode gama gari guda uku (ɗaya kowace lamba) an haɗa su zuwa mai tattara transistors na PNP guda uku, waɗanda emitters ɗinsu aka ɗaure zuwa layin dogo na 12V. Microcontroller yana tuƙi tushen transistor ta hanyar resistors don sauya kowane lamba a jere. An haɗa cathodes ɗin yanki (A-G) na duk nunin uku a layi ɗaya zuwa fitarwar decoder/direban BCD-zuwa-7-yanki guda ɗaya (misali, 74HC4511). Wannan direba yana nutsewa halin yanzu don sassan aiki. An sanya resistors masu iyakancewa daban tsakanin fitarwar direba da cathodes ɗin nunin. Maki goma don lamba ta tsakiya (don nuna kashi goma na volt) ana tuƙa shi kai tsaye ta fil ɗin microcontroller tare da nasa resistor na musamman, wanda aka ƙididdige shi don ƙananan Vf na DP. Yawan yawa yana da sauri sosai (misali, 100Hz kowace lamba) don bayyana ci gaba ga idon ɗan adam. Wannan ƙirar tana rage adadin abubuwan yayin da take ba da karatu mai haske, bayyananne.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

Nunin LED mai lamba bakwai tarin diodes masu haske ne da aka tsara a cikin tsarin adadi takwas. Kowane ɗayan sassa bakwai (mai lakabin A zuwa G) LED ne daban ko haɗin jerin/ layi daya na guntu LED. Ana amfani da ƙarin LED don maki goma (DP). A cikin tsarin anode gama gari kamar LTS-10804KF, anodes na duk sassan suna haɗuwa tare zuwa fil ɗaya ko fiye. An fitar da cathode na kowane yanki zuwa fil ɗin mutum ɗaya. Ana fitar da haske lokacin da aka sanya bias na gaba: an saita anode gama gari zuwa ƙarfin lantarki mai kyau dangane da cathode na yanki da aka yi niyya, yana haifar da halin yanzu ya gudana ta hanyar LED(s) na wannan yanki kuma ya samar da photons ta hanyar electroluminescence a cikin kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP. Ta hanyar zaɓin ƙarfafa haɗuwa daban-daban na sassa, ana iya samar da lambobi 0-9 da wasu haruffa.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Amfani da AlInGaP yana wakiltar fasaha mai girma da inganci don LED na amber, orange, da ja. Trends na yanzu a cikin fasahar nunin sun haɗa da canzawa zuwa mafi girma-yawa, cikakkun mafita masu launi kamar OLEDs da micro-LEDs don zane-zane masu sarƙaƙiya. Duk da haka, don sauƙi, ƙarancin farashi, babban aminci, da babban haske na lambobi da lambobi, nunin LED masu rarrafe sun kasance masu dacewa sosai, musamman a cikin masana'antu, motoci, da aikace-aikacen waje. Ci gaba na gaba na iya mayar da hankali kan ƙarin ribar inganci, ko da faɗin kusurwar kallo, haɗakar direbobi ko masu sarrafa jirgin sama (nunin wayo), da ƙananan ƙira yayin kiyayewa ko ƙara tsayin lamba don gani. Tuƙi zuwa IoT da na'urori masu wayo na iya ganin waɗannan nunin ana amfani da su a cikin ƙarin aikace-aikacen da aka haɗa, kodayake ainihin aikinsu na matsayi mai ƙarfi na mutum-mutumi ya kasance akai.