Bayanin Fasaha na LED Mai Haske Shudi na PLCC-2 - Kunshin 3.2x2.8x1.9mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 3.1V - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 0.075W

1. Bayanin Samfurin Gabaɗaya

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakken bayanai game da LED mai haske shudi mai ƙarfi a cikin kunshin PLCC-2 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier) wanda ake haɗawa a saman. Na'urar an tsara ta don inganci da aiki mai kyau a cikin yanayi masu wuyar gaske, tana da kusurwar kallo mai faɗin digiri 120 da kuma ƙarfin haske na yau da kullun na millicandelas 200 (mcd) a daidai ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 10mA. Babban manufar tsarinta shine aikace-aikacen cikin mota, inda daidaiton launi, ƙarfi, da bin ka'idojin masana'antu suke da muhimmanci. LED ɗin ya cancanci bin ma'aunin AEC-Q101 na kayan mota kuma yana bin ka'idojin muhalli na RoHS da REACH.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali

• Inganci Mai Girma:Ya cancanci bin AEC-Q101 don amfani a cikin mota, yana tabbatar da aiki mai kyau a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai tsanani da girgiza.
• Daidaiton Launi:An sarrafa ma'aunin launi (0.16, 0.08) sosai don samun launin shudi iri ɗaya a cikin samfuran samarwa.
• Kusurwar Kallo Mai Faɗi:Tsarin fitar da haske na digiri 120 wanda ya dace don hasken yanki da aikace-aikacen nuna alama inda ake buƙatar ganin haske daga kusurwoyi da yawa.
• Kariya Mai Ƙarfi daga ESD:Ma'aunin ESD na Tsarin Jikin Mutum (HBM) na 8kV yana ƙara ƙarfin sarrafawa da haɗawa.
• Bin Ka'idojin Muhalli:Yana cika buƙatun RoHS da REACH, ba shi da abubuwa masu haɗari.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bayani game da mahimman halayen wutar lantarki, haske, da zafi na LED.

2.1 Halayen Hasken Gani da Na Lantarki

Teburin da ke ƙasa ya lissafa mafi ƙarancin tabbatacce, na yau da kullun, da mafi girman ƙimomi don mahimman ma'auni da aka auna a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (T_s=25°C, I_F=10mA sai dai idan an lura).

• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Na Gaba (I_F):Ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka ba da shawarar shine 10mA, tare da mafi girman ma'auni na 20mA. Ana buƙatar mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 2mA don aiki.
• Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (I_V):Fitowar ta yau da kullun ita ce 200 mcd, tare da ƙayyadadden kewayon daga 112 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 450 mcd (Mafi girma). Ana rarraba ainihin fitarwa, kamar yadda aka yi cikakken bayani a Sashe na 4.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Na Gaba (V_F):Yawanci 3.1V, yana kewayo daga 2.75V zuwa 3.75V a 10mA. Wannan ma'auni yana da iyakar aunawa na ±0.05V.
• Kusurwar Kallo (2φ_1/2):An ayyana shi azaman cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwar sa. Wannan LED yana da kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 tare da iyakar ±5 digiri.
• Ma'aunin Launi (CIE x, y):Matsakaicin wurin launi shine x=0.16, y=0.08, tare da ƙaƙƙarfan iyakar ±0.005 don tabbatar da daidaiton launi.

2.2 Halayen Zafi

Gudanar da zafi yana da mahimmanci ga tsawon rayuwar LED da kwanciyar hankali na aiki.

• Juriya na Zafi (R_thJS):An ba da ƙimomi guda biyu: ma'aunin lantarki na 100 K/W da ainihin (aunanne) ƙimar 130 K/W. Ya kamata a yi amfani da mafi girman ƙimar na gaske don ingantaccen ƙirar zafi.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d):Mafi girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka yarda shine 75 mW.
• Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa (T_J):Mafi girman zazzabin haɗin gwiwar da aka yarda shine 125°C.
• Kewayon Yanayin Aiki (T_opr):An ƙididdige LED don aiki daga -40°C zuwa +110°C, wanda ya dace da yanayin mota.

3. Mafi Girman Ma'auni

Matsalolin da suka wuce waɗannan iyakoki na iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin. Ba a tsara na'urar don aikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya ba.

• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Na Gaba (I_F): 20 mA (DC)
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Mai Ƙarfi (I_FM): 300 mA (t_p≤ 10μs, Duty Cycle 0.005)
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Na Baya (V_R): Ba a tsara shi don aikin baya ba
• Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa (T_J): 125°C
• Zazzabin Ajiya (T_stg): -40°C zuwa +110°C
• Hankalin ESD (HBM): 8 kV
• Zazzabin Solder Reflow: 260°C kololuwa na daƙiƙa 30 iyaka

4. Bincike na Lanƙwan Aiki

Bayanin bayanan ya haɗa da jadawali da yawa da ke nuna halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Rarraba Tsarin Haske da Radiation

JadawalinRarraba Tsarin Haske na Dangiya nuna LED yana fitar da haske a yankin tsawon raƙuman shuɗi, wanda ya ta'allaka a kusan 470-490nm, yana ayyana launin shudinsa na sama. JadawalinZanen Halayen Radiation na Yau da Kullunya tabbatar da tsarin fitar da haske mai kama da Lambertian wanda ke haifar da kusurwar kallo na digiri 120.

4.2 Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Na Gaba da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Na Gaba (Lanƙwan I-V)

Wannan jadawali yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni ta yau da kullun na diodes. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Masu ƙira suna amfani da wannan don ƙididdige ƙimar resistor na jerin gwano ko buƙatun direba don cimma wurin aiki da ake so (misali, 10mA a ~3.1V).

4.3 Ƙarfin Hasken Gani na Dangi da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Na Gaba

Fitowar haske kusan layi ne tare da ƙarfin wutar lantarki a cikin kewayon 0-20mA. Tuƙi LED sama da 10mA yana haifar da haske mai girma daidai gwargwado amma yana ƙara rushewar wutar lantarki da zazzabin haɗin gwiwa, wanda dole ne a sarrafa su.

4.4 Dogaro da Zazzabi

Jadawali biyu masu mahimmanci suna nuna tasirin zazzabi:

• Ƙarfin Hasken Gani na Dangi da Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa:Fitowar haske tana raguwa yayin da zazzabi ya tashi. A mafi girman zazzabin haɗin gwiwa na 125°C, fitarwa kusan kashi 40-50% ne na ƙimarsa a 25°C.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Na Gaba na Dangi da Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa:Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba yana da ma'auni mara kyau na zazzabi, yana raguwa da kusan 2mV/°C. Ana iya amfani da wannan don sa ido kan zazzabin haɗin gwiwa a wasu aikace-aikace.
• Canjin Launi da Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa:Ma'aunin launi (x, y) yana ɗan motsi kaɗan tare da zazzabi, amma canjin ba shi da yawa a cikin kewayon aiki, kamar yadda ƙananan ƙimar Δ suka nuna akan jadawalin.

4.5 Rage Ƙimar da Sarrafa bugun jini

JadawalinRage Ƙimar Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Na Gabaya tilasta rage mafi girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba da ake iya ci gaba da yin amfani da shi yayin da zazzabin solder pad ya ƙaru. A mafi girman zazzabin yanayi / solder na 110°C, dole ne a iyakance ƙarfin wutar lantarki zuwa 20mA. JadawalinƘarfin Sarrafa bugun jini da aka yardaya nuna cewa ana iya amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki mafi girma (har zuwa 300mA) na ƙaramin lokaci (≤10μs) a ƙananan zagayowar aiki, mai amfani don aikace-aikacen haɗawa ko bugun jini.

5. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba

Don sarrafa bambance-bambancen samarwa, ana rarraba LEDs zuwa kwandon shara dangane da ƙarfin haske.

5.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Hasken Gani

Na'urar tana amfani da lambar rarraba ta haruffa da lambobi (misali, R1, R2, S1). Kowane kwandon shara ya ƙunshi takamaiman kewayon mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin haske zuwa mafi girma wanda aka auna a cikin millicandelas (mcd). Ga wannan samfurin, an haskaka kwandon shara mai yuwuwar fitarwa kuma ya kewayo daga R1 (112-140 mcd) har zuwa T2 (355-450 mcd). Ƙimar yau da kullun na 200 mcd ta faɗi cikin kwandon shara na S1 (180-224 mcd) ko S2 (224-280 mcd). Ya kamata masu ƙira su ƙayyade kwandon shara da ake buƙata ko su shirya don bambancin ƙarfi a cikin kewayon da aka haskaka.

5.2 Rarraba Launi

An yi nuni da daidaitaccen tsarin kwandon shara na launin shudi na sama, yana tabbatar da cewa duk raka'o'in sun faɗi cikin akwatin iyakar CIE (0.16, 0.08) ±0.005 akan jadawalin launi. Wannan ƙaƙƙarfan sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaita launi a cikin LEDs da yawa.

6. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

6.1 Girman Kunshi

LED yana cikin daidaitaccen kunshin PLCC-2 na haɗawa a saman. Mahimman girmansa sun haɗa da girman jiki na kusan 3.2mm x 2.8mm da tsayi na 1.9mm. Ya kamata a duba cikakkun zane-zanen injiniya don ainihin iyakoki da ƙirar ƙirar ƙasa.

6.2 Gano Polarity

Kunshin PLCC-2 yana da mai nuna polarity da aka gina a ciki, yawanci tsaga ko kusurwa mai siffa a gefen cathode (-). Daidaitaccen alkibla yana da mahimmanci yayin haɗawa.

6.3 Shawarar Tsarin Solder Pad

An ba da shawarar ƙirar ƙasa don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya. Bin wannan sawun yana da mahimmanci don samun ingantaccen samuwar haɗin gwiwa yayin reflow da hana kabari.

7. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

7.1 Bayanin Siffar Solder Reflow

LED ya dace da daidaitattun hanyoyin reflow na infrared ko convection. Ƙayyadadden bayanin ya haɗa da kololuwar zazzabi na 260°C na iyakar daƙiƙa 30. Lokacin da ya wuce 220°C ya kamata a sarrafa shi. Bin wannan bayanin yana hana lalacewar zafi ga kunshin filastik da guntun semiconductor.

7.2 Abubuwan Kariya don Amfani

• Sarrafa ESD:Yi amfani da matakan kariya na ESD na yau da kullun yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa saboda ma'aunin 8kV HBM.
• Tsaftacewa:Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, yi amfani da kaushi masu dacewa waɗanda ba su lalata ruwan tabarau na filastik ba.
• Iyaka Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki:Koyaushe a yi amfani da LED tare da resistor na jerin gwano ko direba mai ƙarfin wutar lantarki don hana wucewa da mafi girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba, musamman la'akari da ma'auni mara kyau na zazzabi na V_F.

8. Bayanin Kunshi da Oda

Ana ba da LEDs akan tef da reel don haɗawa ta atomatik. Ana amfani da adadin reel na yau da kullun (misali, 2000 ko 4000 guda a kowace reel). Lambar sashi67-11-SB0100L-AMtana ɓoye mahimman halaye: mai yiwuwa kunshi (67), launi (SB don Shudi na Sama), da takamaiman kwandon shara na aiki. Dole ne masu ƙira su koma ga cikakken bayanin oda don zaɓar daidaitaccen kwandon shara na ƙarfin haske don aikace-aikacensu.

9. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

9.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

• Hasken Cikin Mota:Hasken baya na dashboard, hasken maɓalli, fitilun ƙafar ƙafa, da hasken yanayi. Ingancin AEC-Q101 da kewayon zazzabi mai faɗi sun sa ya zama mai kyau.
• Kayan Lantarki na Masu Amfani:Masu nuna matsayi, hasken baya don maɓallai ko bangarori a cikin na'urori masu buƙatar mai nuna alama shuɗi.
• Masu Nuna Alama na Masana'antu:Fitilun panel ko masu nuna matsayi akan injina inda ake buƙatar sigina mai haske, mai haske.

9.2 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da Ƙira

• Gudanar da Zafi:Yi amfani da ainihin juriya na zafi (130 K/W) don ƙididdigewa. Tabbatar da PCB yana ba da isasshen nutsewar zafi, musamman idan ana tuƙi a ƙarfin wutar lantarki sama da 10mA ko a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma. Dole ne a bi lanƙwan rage ƙimar.
• Tuƙi na Yanzu:Don ingantaccen fitar da haske da dogon rayuwa, yi amfani da direba mai ƙarfin wutar lantarki maimakon resistor mai sauƙi idan zai yiwu, musamman a cikin yanayin mota inda ƙarfin wutar lantarki na samarwa zai iya bambanta.
• Ƙirar Hasken Gani:Kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 tana da faɗi sosai. Don hasken da aka mayar da hankali, ana iya buƙatar na'urar gani na biyu na waje (ruwan tabarau).
• Zaɓin Kwandon Shara:Ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton haske a cikin LEDs da yawa, ƙayyade ƙaƙƙarfan kwandon shara na ƙarfin haske ko aiwatar da daidaita haske na lantarki.

10. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da LEDs shuɗi na gabaɗaya, wannan na'urar tana ba da fa'idodi daban-daban ga aikace-aikacen ƙwararru:

• vs. LEDs marasa Motoci:Ingancin AEC-Q101 ya ƙunshi gwaji mai tsanani na damuwa don girgizar zafi, ɗanɗano, da tsawon rayuwa wanda LEDs na kasuwanci na yau da kullun ba sa fuskanta.
• vs. LEDs masu Kusurwar Kallo Mai Faɗi:Kusurwar digiri 120 tana ba da kyakkyawar ganin kashe axis idan aka kwatanta da na'urori masu ƙunƙuntaccen kusurwa, yana rage adadin LEDs da ake buƙata don hasken yanki.
• vs. LEDs masu Iyakar Launi Sako-sako:Ƙaƙƙarfan iyakar CIE ±0.005 yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi, wanda ke da mahimmanci a cikin tsararrun LED da yawa inda rashin daidaiton launi ya bayyana a zahiri.

11. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Zan iya tuƙi wannan LED a 20mA akai-akai?

A: I, amma kawai idan an kiyaye zazzabin solder pad a ko ƙasa da 25°C (bisa ga lanƙwan rage ƙimar). A cikin aikace-aikacen gaske tare da mafi girman yanayin zafi, dole ne ka rage ƙarfin wutar lantarki. A mafi girman zazzabin aiki na 110°C, ƙarfin wutar lantarki bai kamata ya wuce 20mA ba, wanda shine mafi girman ma'auni.

Q: Wane ƙimar resistor ne ya kamata in yi amfani da shi don samar da wutar lantarki 12V?

A: Don V na yau da kullun_Fna 3.1V a 10mA: R = (12V - 3.1V) / 0.01A = 890 ohms. Yi amfani da ƙimar daidaitaccen da ke kusa (misali, 910 ohms) kuma tabbatar da ƙimar ƙarfin wutar lantarki na resistor ya isa: P = (12V-3.1V)*0.01A ≈ 0.089W (resistor na 1/8W ko 1/4W ya dace).

Q: Ta yaya zazzabi ke shafar haske?

A: Hasken yana raguwa tare da ƙara zazzabin haɗin gwiwa. Duba jadawalin \"Ƙarfin Hasken Gani na Dangi da Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa\". Ingantaccen ƙirar zafi yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye ingantaccen fitar da haske.

Q: Shin wannan LED ya dace don amfani da waje na mota?

A: Wannan bayanin bayanan ya ƙayyade aikace-aikace don \"Hasken cikin mota.\" Amfani da waje yawanci yana buƙatar mafi girman ƙimar kariya ta shiga (IP), ƙayyadaddun launi daban-daban, kuma sau da yawa gine-ginen kunshi daban-daban don jure yanayi, bayyanar UV, da ƙarin yanayin zafi mai tsanani. Tuntubi takamaiman samfuran LED na matakin waje.

12. Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira mai Amfani

Yanayi:Ƙirar panel mai haske na zaɓin gear na mota tare da LEDs shudi na sama iri ɗaya 5.

Matakan Ƙira:

1. Ƙirar Lantarki:Ana ɗauka kwanciyar hankali 5V rail daga na'urar sarrafa jikin mota. Manufa I_F= 10mA don daidaita haske da tsawon rai. Ƙididdigar resistor na jerin gwano: R = (5V - 3.1V) / 0.01A = 190Ω. Yi amfani da resistors na daidaitaccen 200Ω.

2. Binciken Zafi:Wutar lantarki kowane LED: P_d= V_F* I_F= 3.1V * 0.01A = 31mW. Tare da R_thJS=130 K/W, ΔT_J= 0.031W * 130 K/W ≈ hawan 4°C sama da wurin solder. Idan zazzabin PCB na panel ya kai 85°C max, T_J≈ 89°C, ƙasa da iyakar 125°C.

3. Hasken Gani/Injiniya:Sanya LEDs bayan panel acrylic mai watsewa. Kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 tana tabbatar da daidaitaccen haske a saman panel ba tare da wuraren duhu ba.

4. Sayayya:Ƙayyade kwandon shara na ƙarfin haske da ake buƙata (misali, S1 ko S2) don tabbatar da cewa duk LEDs 5 sun daidaita haske. Yi oda akan tef da reel don haɗawa ta atomatik.

13. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan diode ne mai fitar da haske na semiconductor (LED). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin wutar lantarki na bandgap (kusan 3.1V ga wannan LED shuɗi), electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na guntun semiconductor (yawanci bisa kayan InGaN don fitar da shuɗi). Wannan sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin yadudduka na semiconductor yana ƙayyade tsawon raƙuman ruwa (launi) na hasken da aka fitar. Kunshin PLCC na filastik yana ɗauke da guntun, yana ba da kariya ta injiniya, ya haɗa da ruwan tabarau da aka ƙera wanda ke siffanta fitar da haske zuwa tsarin digiri 120, kuma yana ɗauke da tsarin jagora don haɗin lantarki.

14. Trends na Fasaha

Ci gaban LEDs kamar wannan wani ɓangare ne na faɗaɗa trends a cikin optoelectronics:

• Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki:Binciken kimiyyar kayan aiki na ci gaba yana nufin inganta ingancin haske (lumens kowace watt) na LEDs shuɗi da sauran launuka, rage amfani da wutar lantarki don fitar da haske iri ɗaya.
• Ƙananan Girma:Yayin da PLCC-2 ke da daidaitaccen kunshi, akwai wani yanayi zuwa ƙananan kunshin ma'auni na guntu (CSP) don aikace-aikace masu yawa, ko da yake sau da yawa a farashin aikin zafi da sauƙin sarrafawa.
• Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki:Ma'auni kamar AEC-Q101 suna ci gaba da haɓaka, suna tuƙa don tsawon rayuwa da aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi mafi tsanani ga kasuwannin mota da masana'antu.
• Maganganun Haɗin kai:Wani yanayi mai girma shine haɗa guntun LED, direba IC, da dabaru na sarrafawa cikin guda ɗaya, kunshin modular mai hankali, yana sauƙaƙa ƙira ga masu amfani na ƙarshe.

Wannan takamaiman LED yana wakiltar cikakkiyar mafita, mai inganci sosai wanda aka inganta don takamaiman jerin aikace-aikace masu wuyar gaske, yana daidaita aiki, farashi, da iya samarwa.