Bayanin Fasaha na LED SMD 17-21/BHC-AP1Q2/3T - Shudi - 2.0x1.25x0.8mm - 3.3V - 75mW - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakkun bayanai game da LED shudi mai ƙarami, wanda aka ƙera don haɗawa a saman allon lantarki (SMD) don aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani. Na'urar tana amfani da guntu na semiconductor InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) don samar da hasken shudi tare da mafi yawan tsawon zango na 468 nm. Babban fa'idodinsa sun samo asali ne daga ƙaramin girmansa (SMD), wanda ke rage girman wurin da zai ɗauka akan allon lantarki (PCB), yana ba da damar haɗa ƙarin na'urori, kuma yana taimakawa wajen rage girman kayan aiki gaba ɗaya. Sauƙin nauyin girmansa ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen ɗaukar kayayyaki da waɗanda ba su da isasshen sarari.

1.1 Siffofi na Asali da Bin Ka'idoji

Ana isar da LED a kan tef ɗin mai nisan milimita 8 wanda aka nannade a kan ƙwanƙwasa mai diamita inci 7, wanda ya sa ya dace sosai da na'urorin haɗawa ta atomatik. An ƙera shi don amfani da tsarin gama na infrared da na'urar tururi. Na'urar LED ce mai launi ɗaya (shudi). Dangane da kayan da bin ka'idojin muhalli, ba ta da gubar (Pb-free), tana bin ka'idar RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Illa), tana bin ƙa'idodin EU REACH, kuma ta cika ka'idojin rashin halogen tare da iyakar Bromine (Br) < 900 ppm, Chlorine (Cl) < 900 ppm, da jimlar su (Br+Cl) < 1500 ppm.

1.2 Aikace-aikace da Ake Nufi

Aikace-aikacen wannan LED sun haɗa da hasken baya na allunan kayan aiki, maɓalli, da alamomi. A cikin sadarwa, tana aiki azaman nuni ko hasken baya a cikin na'urori kamar wayoyi da na'urorin faks. Hakanan tana dacewa azaman tushen hasken baya mai lebur na LCD da kuma amfani da nuni na gabaɗaya inda ake buƙatar ingantaccen tushen hasken shudi mai ƙarami.

2. Cikakken Bayanin Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

2.1 Iyakar Ma'auni Mafi Girma

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin da suka wuce waɗanda za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a nufin su don aiki na ci gaba ba. An ƙayyade iyakar ma'auni mafi girma a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V. Wuce wannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin jujjuyawar baya zai iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Halinka Gaba na Ci gaba (IF):20 mA.
• Kololuwar Halinka Gaba (IFP):40 mA, ana yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da aikin 1/10 a 1 kHz.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):75 mW. Wannan shine iyakar yawan wutar lantarki da na'urar za ta iya fitarwa azaman zafi.
• Fitowar Lantarki Mai Tsanani (ESD) Tsarin Jikin Mutum (HBM):150 V. Dole ne a bi ingantaccen tsarin sarrafa ESD.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki (Topr):-40°C zuwa +85°C.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya (Tstg):-40°C zuwa +90°C.
• Zafin Gama (Tsol):Don gama ta hanyar sake kwarara, an ƙayyade kololuwar zafin jiki na 260°C na iyakar daƙiƙa 10. Don gama da hannu, zafin ƙarshen gwangwani bai kamata ya wuce 350°C ba na iyakar daƙiƙa 3 kowace tasha.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Hasken Gani

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun, yawanci ana auna su a Ta=25°C da halinka gaba (IF) na 20 mA, sai dai idan an faɗi.

• Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (Iv):Ya bambanta daga mafi ƙanƙanta na 45.0 mcd zuwa mafi girma na 112.0 mcd. Ba a ƙayyade ƙimar yau da kullun a cikin tebur, tana cikin wannan kewayon da ya dogara da rarrabawa.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Kusurwar rabin ƙarfi ita ce yawanci digiri 140, yana nuna faɗin mazugi na dubawa.
• Kololuwar Tsawon Zango (λp):Yawanci 468 nm. Wannan shine tsawon zango inda rarraba ƙarfin haske ya fi girma.
• Mafi Yawan Tsawon Zango (λd):Ya bambanta daga 464.5 nm zuwa 476.5 nm. Wannan shine tsawon zango da ake gani.
• Faɗin Bakan Hasken (Δλ):Yawanci 25 nm, ana auna shi a rabin mafi girman ƙarfi (FWHM).
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Ya bambanta daga 2.7 V (mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 3.7 V (mafi girma), tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 3.3 V a IF=20mA.
• Halinka Baya (IR):Mafi girma na 50 µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V. Ba a ƙera na'urar don aiki a cikin jujjuyawar baya ba.

Muhimman Bayanai:An ƙayyade jurewa a matsayin ±11% don ƙarfin hasken gani, ±1 nm don mafi yawan tsawon zango, da ±0.1V don ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki na baya tana aiki ne kawai ga yanayin gwajin IR.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa rukunoni dangane da mahimman ma'auni na aiki. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman buƙatun haske da launi.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Hasken Gani

An ayyana rukunoni ta lambobi P1, P2, Q1, da Q2, kowanne yana ɗauke da takamaiman kewayon ƙarfin hasken gani da aka auna a millicandelas (mcd) a IF=20mA.

• P1:45.0 – 57.0 mcd
• P2:57.0 – 72.0 mcd
• Q1:72.0 – 90.0 mcd
• Q2:90.0 – 112.0 mcd

3.2 Rarrabawar Mafi Yawan Tsawon Zango

An ayyana rukunin tsawon zango ta lambobi A9 har zuwa A12, kowanne yana ɗauke da kewayon 3 nm, yana tabbatar da ingantaccen sarrafa launi.

• A9:464.5 – 467.5 nm
• A10:467.5 – 470.5 nm
• A11:470.5 – 473.5 nm
• A12:473.5 – 476.5 nm

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardun bayanai tana ba da lanƙwaso masu mahimmanci waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga ƙira na'urar lantarki da sarrafa zafi.

4.1 Halinka Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Wannan lanƙwasa tana nuna alaƙar da ba ta da layi tsakanin halin da ke gudana ta cikin LED da ƙarfin lantarki a fadinta. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu. Masu ƙira suna amfani da wannan lanƙwasa don ƙayyade ƙimar resistor mai iyakancewa da ake buƙata don wani ƙarfin lantarki da aka bayar don cimma halin aiki da ake so (misali, 20 mA). VF na yau da kullun na 3.3V mahimmin ma'auni ne na ƙira.

4.2 Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken Gani da Halinka Gaba

Wannan jadawalin yana kwatanta yadda fitowar haske ke daidaitawa tare da halin tuƙi. Duk da yake ƙara halin yanzu yana haɓaka haske, ba layi ba ne kuma yana iyakance ta iyakar halin yanzu mafi girma da tasirin zafi. Yin aiki fiye da iyakar ma'auni mafi girma zai rage tsawon rayuwa kuma zai iya haifar da gazawa.

4.3 Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken Gani da Zafin Muhalli

Fitowar hasken LED tana dogara da zafin jiki. Wannan lanƙwasa yawanci tana nuna cewa ƙarfin hasken gani yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi. Fahimtar wannan raguwa yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a manyan yanayin zafi don tabbatar da cewa an kiyaye isasshen haske.

4.4 Lanƙwasa Rage Halinka Gaba

Wannan jadawali ne mai mahimmanci ga amintacce. Yana nuna iyakar halin gaba na ci gaba da aka yarda da shi a matsayin aikin zafin muhalli. Yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru, iyakar halin yanzu mai aminci yana raguwa don hana yin zafi da tabbatar da aiki na dogon lokaci. Dole ne masu ƙira su tabbatar cewa wurin aikin su ya faɗi cikin wannan yanki da aka rage.

4.5 Rarraba Bakan Hasken

Jadawalin bakan yana jera ƙarfin haske mai alaƙa da tsawon zango. Yana tabbatar da fitar da launin shudi tare da kololuwar kusan 468 nm da faɗin bakan haske na yau da kullun (Δλ) na 25 nm, yana nuna tsaftar launi.

4.6 Zanen Radiation

Wannan zanen polar yana nuna rarraba sararin samaniya na ƙarfin haske, yana tabbatar da faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 140. An daidaita ƙarfin zuwa mafi girman ƙimarsa (yawanci a digiri 0, daidai da saman da ke fitar da haske).

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

LED yana cikin ƙaramin kunshin da za'a haɗa a saman allon lantarki (SMD). Muhimman girma (a cikin mm, tare da jurewa na yau da kullun na ±0.1mm sai dai idan an lura) sun haɗa da tsawon jiki na 2.0 mm, faɗin 1.25 mm, da tsayi na 0.8 mm. Takardun bayanai tana ba da cikakken zane wanda ke nuna tsarin fakitin, tazarar tasha, da wurin alamar gano cathode, wanda ke da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen alkiblar PCB yayin haɗawa.

5.2 Gano Alkibla

Daidaitaccen alkibla wajibi ne. Kunshin yana da alamar cathode daban. Haɗa na'urar a cikin jujjuyawar baya zai iya lalata ta, saboda iyakar ƙarfin lantarki na baya shine 5V kawai.

6. Jagororin Gama da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Zafin Sake Kwarara

An ƙayyade bayanin yanayin zafin sake kwarara mara gubar. Muhimman ma'auni sun haɗa da: matakin kafin dumama tsakanin 150°C da 200°C na daƙiƙa 60-120; lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (217°C) na daƙiƙa 60-150; kololuwar zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba, an riƙe shi na iyakar daƙiƙa 10; da sarrafa ƙimar hawa da sanyaya (misali, 3°C/sec matsakaicin hawa, 6°C/sec matsakaicin sanyaya). Kada a yi sake kwarara fiye da sau biyu.

6.2 Kariya don Gama da Hannu

Idan gama da hannu ya zama dole, ana buƙatar kulawa sosai. Dole ne zafin ƙarshen gwangwanin gama ya kasance ƙasa da 350°C, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar kowace tasha bai kamata ya wuce daƙiƙa 3 ba. Ana ba da shawarar gwangwani mai ƙaramin ƙarfi (<25W). Ya kamata a ba da tazarar sanyaya aƙalla daƙiƙa 2 tsakanin gama kowace tasha don hana girgiza zafi.

6.3 Ajiya da Hancin Danshi

Ana tattara LED a cikin jakunkuna masu hana danshi tare da busassun abu. Kada a buɗe jakar har sai an shirya abubuwan don amfani. Bayan buɗewa, LED da ba a yi amfani da su ba ya kamata a adana su a ≤ 30°C da ≤ 60% Danshi Dangi. "Tsawon rayuwa" bayan buɗewa shine sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7). Idan wannan lokacin ya wuce ko alamar busassun abu ta canza launi, ana buƙatar maganin gasa a 60 ± 5°C na awanni 24 kafin amfani da su don cire danshin da aka ɗauka da hana "fasar wake" yayin sake kwarara.

7. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Ƙwanƙwasa da Tef

Ana isar da abubuwan a cikin tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya a kan ƙwanƙwasa mai diamita inci 7. Faɗin tef ɗin shine 8 mm. Kowace ƙwanƙwasa tana ƙunshe da guda 3000. An ba da cikakkun girma don ƙwanƙwasa, aljihun tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya, da tef ɗin murfi don tabbatar da dacewa da na'urorin ciyarwa ta atomatik.

7.2 Bayanin Lakabi

Lakabin tattarawa sun haɗa da lambobi da yawa: CPN (Lambar Samfur na Abokin Ciniki), P/N (Lambar Samfur), QTY (Yawan Tattarawa), CAT (Lambar Rukunin Ƙarfin Hasken Gani), HUE (Lambar Rukunin Launi/Mafi Yawan Tsawon Zango), REF (Matsayi na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba), da LOT No (Lambar Rukuni don bin sawu).

8. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

8.1 Iyakance Halin Yanzu Wajibi Ne

LED na'urori ne masu tuƙi ta hanyar halin yanzu. Resistor na iyakancewa na jerin yana da mahimmanci sosai a cikin ƙirar na'urar lantarki. Idan ba tare da shi ba, ko da ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na wadata zai iya haifar da babban ƙaruwa, mai yuwuwar lalacewa a cikin halin gaba saboda halayen I-V na diode.

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Duk da kunshin yana da ƙanƙanta, dole ne a yi la'akari da rushewar wutar lantarki (har zuwa 75 mW) da ƙimar zafi mara kyau na fitowar haske. Don mafi kyawun aiki da tsawon rai, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko ramukan zafi ana amfani da su don watsar da zafi, musamman lokacin aiki a manyan yanayin zafi ko kusa da iyakar halin yanzu.

8.3 Ƙirar Hasken Gani

Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 140 ya sa wannan LED ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai faɗi ko ganuwa daga kusurwoyi da yawa. Don haske mai mai da hankali, za a buƙaci na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau). Resin mai tsabtar ruwa yana ba da damar fitar da haske mai kyau.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Matsayi

Idan aka kwatanta da LED na gargajiya na rami, wannan nau'in SMD yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci a cikin saurin haɗawa (dacewa da zaɓi da sanya), ceton sararin allon, da sassaucin ƙira. A cikin nau'in LED shudi SMD, mahimman abubuwan da suka bambanta su ne takamaiman girman kunshinsa (2.0x1.25mm), ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na yau da kullun na 3.3V, faɗin kusurwar dubawa, da ƙayyadaddun tsarin rarrabawa don daidaiton haske da launi. Fasahar guntu na InGaN tana ba da ingantaccen fitar da shudi.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Wane ƙimar resistor ne zan yi amfani da shi tare da wadata na 5V?

A: Ta amfani da Dokar Ohm (R = (Vsupply - Vf) / If) da ƙimar yau da kullun: R = (5V - 3.3V) / 0.020A = 85 Ohms. Yi amfani da ƙimar daidaitaccen da ta fi kusa (misali, 82 ko 91 Ohms) kuma yi la'akari da Vf mafi ƙanƙanta/mafi girma don tabbatar da halin yanzu ya kasance cikin iyakoki.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a 30 mA don ƙarin haske?

A: A'a. Iyakar halin gaba na ci gaba shine 20 mA. Wuce wannan ƙimar yana lalata amintacce kuma yana iya haifar da gazawa nan take ko kafin lokaci. Yi amfani da lanƙwasa ragewa idan kuna aiki a yanayin zafi.

Q: LED yana da duhu sosai. Menene zai iya kasancewa?

A> Na farko, duba alkibla. Na biyu, tabbatar da halin gaba ta amfani da faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan resistor mai iyakancewa. Na uku, tabbatar cewa zafin muhalli bai yi yawa ba, saboda fitowar haske yana raguwa tare da zafin jiki.

Q: Shin ina buƙatar gasa LED kafin gama?

A> Kawai idan jakar hana danshi ta buɗe fiye da sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) ko kuma idan alamar busassun abu ta nuna fallasa danshi. Bi ƙayyadaddun tsarin gasa (60°C na awanni 24).

11. Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi: Ƙirar allon nuna matsayi tare da LED shudi da yawa.

Mai ƙira yana buƙatar nuni shudi guda 10 iri ɗaya akan allon sarrafawa. Za su:

1. Zaɓi LED daga rukunin ƙarfin hasken gani ɗaya (misali, Q1) da rukunin mafi yawan tsawon zango (misali, A10) don tabbatar da daidaiton gani.

2. Ƙira PCB tare da resistor mai iyakancewa ga kowane LED (wanda aka ƙidaya don Vf na yau da kullun na 3.3V) don hana cin halin yanzu.

2. Tsara allon don samar da ɗan yanki na tagulla a kusa da fakitin LED don ɗan watsar da zafi.

4. Ƙayyade gidan haɗawa don yin amfani da bayanin sake kwarara mara gubar da aka bayar da kuma sarrafa na'urori masu hankali ga danshi bisa ga jagororin (adana a cikin jakunkuna masu rufi, amfani da su cikin tsawon rayuwa).

Wannan hanya tana tabbatar da aiki mai aminci, kamanni iri ɗaya, da aiki na dogon lokaci.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan LED yana aiki bisa ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin haɗin gwiwar p-n na semiconductor. Yankin aiki an yi shi da InGaN. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin da aka gina a cikin haɗin gwiwa, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yankin aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa. Wannan tsarin sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman makamashin bandgap na kayan InGaN yana ƙayyade tsawon zango na photons da aka fitar, wanda a wannan yanayin yana cikin yankin shudi na bakan gani (~468 nm). Resin epoxy mai tsabtar ruwa yana kare guntu kuma yana taimakawa wajen siffantar fitar da haske.

13. Trends na Fasaha

LED shudi dangane da fasahar InGaN suna wakiltar fasaha mai girma kuma tushe a cikin hasken ƙwaƙƙwaran jiki. Su ne mahimman sassa ba kawai don nuni shudi ba har ma azaman tushen famfo don samar da hasken fari a cikin LED fari da aka canza phosphor, waɗanda suka mamaye kasuwar hasken gabaɗaya. Ci gaba da ci gaba a wannan fanni yana mai da hankali kan ƙara ingancin haske (ƙarin fitowar haske a kowace watt na lantarki), inganta daidaiton launi da kwanciyar hankali a tsawon rayuwa, haɓaka amintacce a ƙarƙashin aiki mai zafi da babban halin yanzu, da kuma ba da damar ko da ƙaramin girman kunshin don aikace-aikacen ƙanƙanta. Ƙoƙarin samun inganci mafi girma da ƙaramin farashi a kowane lumen ya ci gaba da zama babban al'adar masana'antu.