Bayanin Fasaha na SMD LED 19-213/BHC-AP1Q2/3T Mai Launin Shudi - Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

19-213/BHC-AP1Q2/3T wata na'urar LED ce mai haɗawa da allon (SMD) wacce aka tsara don aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙananan hanyoyin haske masu ƙarfi da amintattu. Wannan ɓangaren nau'in launi ɗaya ne, musamman yana fitar da hasken shudi, kuma an gina shi ta amfani da kayan da ba su da gubar, yana tabbatar da bin ka'idojin muhalli da aminci na zamani kamar RoHS, EU REACH, da buƙatun marasa halogen (Br<900 ppm, Cl<900 ppm, Br+Cl<1500 ppm).

Babban fa'idar wannan SMD LED yana cikin ƙaramin ƙafarsa, wanda ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da LED na tsohuwar nau'in gubar. Wannan raguwar girma yana ba masu zane damar samun ƙananan tsarin allon da'ira (PCB), mafi girman yawan abubuwan haɗawa, rage buƙatun sararin ajiya, kuma a ƙarshe, haɓaka ƙananan kayan aikin mai amfani. Bugu da ƙari, ƙirarsa mai sauƙi ya sa ya zama zaɓi mai kyau don aikace-aikace inda rage nauyi ya zama muhimmin al'amari.

Ana samar da na'urar a cikin kaset ɗin 8mm na masana'antu akan reels masu diamita 7-inch, yana tabbatar da dacewa da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa na atomatik masu sauri waɗanda aka saba amfani da su wajen samarwa mai yawa. An kuma tsara shi don ya dace da daidaitattun hanyoyin solder na reflow na infrared (IR) da tururi, yana sauƙaƙa haɗawa cikin layukan haɗawa ta atomatik.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Iyakokin Ƙididdiga na Gabaɗaya

Iyakar ƙididdiga na gabaɗaya suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ana ƙayyade waɗannan ƙimar a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C kuma ba za a wuce su a ƙarƙashin kowane yanayi na aiki ba.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V. Ba a tsara LED don aiki na baya ba; wuce wannan ƙarfin lantarki zai iya haifar da gazawa nan take.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (IF):20 mA. Wannan shine ƙarfin lantarki na ci gaba da aiki da aka ba da shawarar.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba na Kololuwa (IFP):40 mA. Ana yarda da wannan kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da cikakken aiki na 1/10 a 1 kHz.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):75 mW. Wannan shine iyakar wutar lantarki da marufi zai iya watsawa ba tare da wuce iyakokin zafinsa ba.
• Zubar da Lantarki Mai Tsauri (ESD) Tsarin Jikin Mutum (HBM):150 V. Hanyoyin gudanar da ESD da suka dace suna da mahimmanci don hana lalacewa a ɓoye.
• Zazzabi na Aiki (Topr):-40°C zuwa +85°C. An ƙididdige na'urar don yin aiki a cikin wannan faɗin kewayon zafin jiki.
• Zazzabi na Ajiya (Tstg):-40°C zuwa +90°C.
• Zazzabi na Solder (Tsol):Don solder na reflow, an ƙayyade kololuwar zazzabi na 260°C na iyakar dakika 10. Don solder da hannu, zafin ƙarshen gwangwani bai kamata ya wuce 350°C ba na iyakar dakika 3 kowace tasha.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Ana auna halayen lantarki da haske a Ta=25°C da IF na 20 mA, wanda ke wakiltar aikin na'urar na yau da kullun a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin aiki.

• Ƙarfin Haske (Iv):Ba a ƙayyade ƙimar al'ada a matsayin lamba ɗaya ba; a maimakon haka, ana bin na'urar. Kewayon ya kai daga mafi ƙanƙanta na 45.0 mcd zuwa mafi girma na 112.0 mcd. Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) yawanci digiri 120 ne, yana ba da tsarin haske mai faɗi.
• Tsawon Zango na Kololuwa (λp):Yawanci 468 nm, yana nuna tsayin zango inda fitowar haske ta fi ƙarfi.
• Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (λd):Ya kewayo daga 464.5 nm zuwa 476.5 nm. Wannan shine tsayin zango guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ke gani kuma shi ma yana ƙarƙashin binning.
• Faɗin Bakan Radiation (Δλ):Yawanci 25 nm, yana ayyana faɗin bakan da aka fitar a rabin mafi girman ƙarfi (FWHM).
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Ya kewayo daga 2.7 V zuwa 3.7 V a IF=20mA. Wannan ma'auni yana da jurewar ±0.1V kuma shi ma ana binning.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (IR):Iyakar 50 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V. Wannan yanayin gwaji na don siffanta kawai.

Mahimman Bayanin Kula:An ƙayyade jurewa don mahimman ma'auni: Ƙarfin Haske (±11%), Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (±1 nm), da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (±0.1 V). Ba a tsara na'urar don aiki na baya a fili ba; ƙimar VR ta shafi gwajin IR kawai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa kwandon shara dangane da ƙarfin haske da tsayin zango mai rinjaye.

3.1 Binning na Ƙarfin Haske

Ana ayyana kwandon shara ta lambar harafi-lamba (P1, P2, Q1, Q2), kowanne yana rufe takamaiman kewayon ƙarfin haske da aka auna a millicandelas (mcd) a IF=20mA.

• Bin P1:45.0 mcd (Min) zuwa 57.0 mcd (Max)
• Bin P2:57.0 mcd zuwa 72.0 mcd
• Bin Q1:72.0 mcd zuwa 90.0 mcd
• Bin Q2:90.0 mcd zuwa 112.0 mcd

3.2 Binning na Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye

Ana ayyana kwandon shara na tsawon zango ta lambar harafi-lamba (A9, A10, A11, A12), kowanne yana rufe takamaiman kewayon tsayin zango mai rinjaye da aka auna a nanometers (nm) a IF=20mA.

• Bin A9:464.5 nm zuwa 467.5 nm
• Bin A10:467.5 nm zuwa 470.5 nm
• Bin A11:470.5 nm zuwa 473.5 nm
• Bin A12:473.5 nm zuwa 476.5 nm

Wannan binning yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar abubuwan haɗawa waɗanda suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun haske da daidaiton launi don aikace-aikacensu.

4. Binciken Lanƙwan Ayyuka

Bayanin bayanin yana ba da lanƙwai na halaye na yau da kullun waɗanda ke nuna halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Waɗannan suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar aiki a cikin yanayin duniya na gaske.

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Zazzabin Muhalli:Wannan lanƙwan yana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke raguwa yayin da zafin muhalli ya tashi sama da 25°C. Yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar sarrafa zafin jiki don kiyaye matakan haske da ake so.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba:Wannan jadawali yana kwatanta dangantakar da ba ta layi tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki da fitowar haske. Yin aiki sama da 20mA da aka ba da shawarar na iya haifar da raguwar dawowa a cikin haske yayin da yake ƙara zafi da damuwa akan na'urar.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwan IV):Wannan lanƙwan na asali yana nuna alaƙar ƙima tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki da ƙarfin lantarki a cikin diode. Ana karanta ƙayyadaddun kewayon VF (2.7V-3.7V a 20mA) daga wannan lanƙwan.
• Lanƙwan Rage Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba:Wannan lanƙwan yana ƙayyade iyakar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da za a iya yarda da shi a matsayin aikin zafin muhalli. Yayin da zazzabi ke ƙaruwa, mafi girman ƙarfin lantarki mai aminci yana raguwa don hana yin zafi sosai.
• Rarraba Bakan:Zane na ƙarfin dangi da tsayin zango, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a kusa da madaidaicin tsayin zango na 468 nm tare da faɗin band na kusan 25 nm.
• Zanen Radiation:Zanen iyakacin duniya wanda ke nuna rarraba sararin samaniya na ƙarfin haske, yana tabbatar da kusurwar kallo na yau da kullun na digiri 120.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

5.1 Girman Marufi

Bayanin bayanin ya haɗa da cikakken zanen injiniya na marufin LED. Zanen ya ƙayyade duk mahimman girmansu ciki har da tsayi, faɗi, tsayi, girman kushin, da matsayinsu. Sai dai in an faɗi akasin haka, jurewar girma shine ±0.1 mm. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar sawun PCB (tsarin ƙasa) don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da daidaitawa.

5.2 Girman Reel da Kaset

Ana samar da samfurin a cikin marufi mai hana danshi. An ƙayyade girman kaset ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya don riƙe abubuwan haɗawa cikin aminci. Kowace reel tana ƙunshe da guda 3000. An ba da cikakkun zane-zane na reel (diamita 7-inch), kaset ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya, da kaset ɗin murfi, duk tare da daidaitaccen jurewar ±0.1 mm sai dai in an faɗi akasin haka. Wannan yana tabbatar da dacewa da kayan aikin haɗawa ta atomatik.

5.3 Bayanin Alama

Alamun marufi sun ƙunshi mahimman bayanai don bin sawu da aikace-aikace daidai:

• CPN:Lambar Samfur na Abokin Ciniki.
• P/N:Lambar Samfur (misali, 19-213/BHC-AP1Q2/3T).
• QTY:Yawan Tattarawa.
• CAT:Matsayi na Ƙarfin Haske (Lambar bin don ƙarfi).
• HUE:Ma'auni na Launi & Matsayi na Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (Lambar bin don tsawon zango).
• REF:Matsayi na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba.
• LOT No:Lambar Rukunin Samarwa don bin sawu.

Jak ɗin hana danshi ya haɗa da abin bushewa da katin nuna danshi don kare abubuwan haɗawa daga ɗaukar danshi yayin ajiya da sufuri.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Ajiya da Gudanarwa

Waɗannan LED ɗin suna da hankali ga danshi. Ba za a buɗe jak ɗin hana danshi ba har sai an shirya abubuwan haɗawa don amfani. Bayan buɗewa:

• Ya kamata a ajiye LED ɗin a ≤30°C da ≤60% Danshi Dangi.
• Dole ne a yi amfani da su cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7).
• LED ɗin da ba a yi amfani da su ba ya kamata a sake rufe su a cikin marufi mai hana danshi tare da sabon abin bushewa.
• Idan an wuce lokacin ajiya ko abin bushewa ya nuna babban danshi, ana buƙatar maganin gasa a 60 ±5°C na awanni 24 kafin solder.

6.2 Bayanin Yanayin Solder na Reflow

An ƙayyade bayanin zafin jiki na solder na reflow mara gubar:

• Dumama Kafin:150-200°C na dakika 60-120.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus (217°C):Dakika 60-150.
• Zazzabi na Kololuwa:Iyakar 260°C.
• Lokaci a Kololuwa:Iyakar dakika 10.
• Ƙimar Dumama:Iyakar 6°C/sec har zuwa 255°C, sannan iyakar 3°C/sec zuwa kololuwa.

Mahimman Gargaɗi:Bai kamata a yi solder na reflow fiye da sau biyu ba. Kada a yi amfani da damuwa ga LED ɗin yayin dumama, kuma kada PCB ta karkace bayan solder.

6.3 Solder da Hannu da Gyara

Idan solder da hannu ba za a iya kaucewa ba:

• Yi amfani da gwangwanin solder tare da zafin ƙarshen<350°C.
• Iyakance lokacin solder zuwa ≤3 dakika kowace tasha.
• Yi amfani da gwangwani tare da wutar lantarki ≤25W.
• Bari aƙalla tazarar dakika 2 tsakanin solder kowace tasha.

Ana ƙin gyara bayan solder sosai. Idan da gaske ya zama dole, ya kamata a yi amfani da gwangwanin solder mai kai biyu don dumama tashoshi biyu lokaci guda kuma a guji damuwar injiniya. Dole ne a tantance yuwuwar lalata halayen LED yayin gyara a baya.

7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Dangane da bayanin bayanin, wannan SMD LED shudi ya dace da aikace-aikace daban-daban na nuni da hasken baya na ƙarfi mai ƙasa zuwa matsakaici, ciki har da:

• Hasken Baya:Don dashbodi, maɓalli, da alamomi a cikin kayan lantarki na masu amfani, cikin motoci (waɗanda ba su da mahimmanci), da allunan sarrafa masana'antu.
• Kayan Aikin Sadarwa:Alamomin yanayi da hasken baya na maɓalli a cikin wayoyi da na'urorin faks.
• Hasken Baya na LCD:A matsayin tushen hasken baya mai lebur don ƙananan nunin LCD ɗin launi ɗaya ko sassa.
• Nuni na Gabaɗaya:Matsayin wutar lantarki, zaɓin yanayi, da sauran alamomin mu'amala mai amfani a cikin kayan lantarki iri-iri.

7.2 Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da su na Zane

• Iyakance Ƙarfin Lantarki:Resistan mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki na wajewajibi ne. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana da kewayon (2.7V-3.7V), kuma ƙaramin canji a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na wadata zai iya haifar da babban canji, mai yuwuwar lalacewa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba saboda halayen ƙima na diode. Dole ne a ƙididdige ƙimar resistor dangane da mafi munin VF (mafi ƙanƙanta) don tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin lantarki bai taɓa wuce iyakar gabaɗaya na 20mA na ci gaba ba.
• Gudanar da Zafin Jiki:Yayin da marufi yake ƙanƙanta, dole ne a yi la'akari da rushewar wutar lantarki (75mW max) da lanƙwan rage ƙarfi, musamman a cikin yanayin zafin muhalli mai girma ko wuraren da aka rufe. Isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB (kushin taimakon zafi) na iya taimakawa wajen watsa zafi.
• Kariya ta ESD:Ƙimar ESD na 150V HBM tana da ƙasa sosai. Aiwatar da matakan kariya na ESD akan PCBs waɗanda ke sarrafa waɗannan LED ɗin, kuma koyaushe ku bi daidaitattun ƙa'idodin ESD yayin haɗawa da gudanarwa.

7.3 Hani na Aikace-aikace

Bayanin bayanin ya faɗi a fili cewa wannan samfurinba a ba da shawarar don aikace-aikace masu aminci mai girma bakamar tsarin soja/sararin samaniya ko tsarin aminci/tsaro na motoci (misali, fitilun birki, alamun jakar iska). Don irin waɗannan aikace-aikace, ya kamata a zaɓi LED ɗin tare da cancantar motoci (AEC-Q101) ko soja da suka dace.

8. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q1: Me ya sa resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki ya zama dole?

A1: LED ɗin na'urori ne masu motsa ƙarfin lantarki. Ƙarfin lantarki na gabansu (VF) yana da jurewar samarwa kuma ya bambanta da zafin jiki. Ba tare da resistor na jerin ba, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade shi kaɗai ta ƙarfin lantarki na wadata da juriyar motsi na LED, wanda yake da ƙasa sosai. Ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na wadata ko raguwar VF (saboda hauhawar zafin jiki) na iya haifar da ƙarfin lantarki ya haura sama da iyakar 20mA, wanda ke haifar da zafi mai sauri da gazawa. Resistor yana ba da ƙarfin lantarki mai tsayayye, mai hasashe, da aminci.

Q2: Ta yaya zan zaɓi bin da ya dace don aikace-aikacena?

A2: Zaɓin ya dogara da buƙatunku na daidaiton haske da daidaiton launi. Idan an yi amfani da LED ɗin da yawa a gefe (misali, a cikin tsararrun ko zane na mashaya), zaɓar LED ɗin daga kwandon shara ɗaya na ƙarfin haske (CAT) da kwandon shara na tsayin zango mai rinjaye (HUE) yana da mahimmanci don guje wa bambance-bambancen da ake iya gani a cikin haske ko inuwar shudi. Don aikace-aikacen nuni guda ɗaya waɗanda ba su da mahimmanci, ƙaramin kwandon shara na iya zama abin karɓa kuma ya fi dacewa da kuɗi.

Q3: Shin zan iya motsa wannan LED ɗin tare da ƙarfin lantarki mai bugun jini sama da 20mA don sanya shi ya fi haske?

A3: Ee, amma kawai a cikin iyakoki masu tsauri. Bayanin bayanin ya ƙayyade Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba na Kololuwa (IFP) na 40mA a cikin cikakken aiki na 1/10 da mitar 1kHz. Bugun jini na iya samun mafi girman haske da ake gani. Duk da haka, dole ne ku tabbatar da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki a kan lokaci bai wuce ƙimar ci gaba ba, kuma zafin haɗin bai wuce iyakokinsa ba. Dole ne a mutunta lanƙwan rage ƙarfi da ƙimar rushewar wutar lantarki har yanzu.

Q4: Me zai faru idan na wuce rayuwar bene na kwanaki 7 bayan buɗe jak ɗin hana danshi?

A4: Marufin SMD na filastik na iya ɗaukar danshi daga iska. Yayin solder na reflow, wannan danshin da aka kama yana canzawa zuwa tururi cikin sauri, wanda zai iya haifar da rabuwar ciki, fashewar marufi, ko gazawar haɗin solder ("popcorning"). Idan an wuce rayuwar bene, dole ne a gasa abubuwan haɗawa (60°C na awanni 24) don fitar da danshi kafin a iya solder su cikin aminci.

9. Gabatarwa kan Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan tsarin diode na semiconductor da aka ƙera daga kayan Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN), kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Jagoran Zaɓin Na'ura. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙofar kunna diode (kusan 2.7-3.7V), ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yanki mai aiki na semiconductor. Waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke ciki na gawa na InGaN yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap na semiconductor, wanda kai tsaye yake ƙayyade tsayin zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar. A wannan yanayin, an ƙera gawa don samar da photons a cikin yankin shudi na bakan gani, tare da tsayin zango mai kololuwa kusan 468 nm. Resin ɗin da ba shi da ruwa yana kare guntun semiconductor kuma yana aiki azaman ruwan tabarau, yana siffata hasken da aka fitar zuwa kusurwar kallo mai faɗi na digiri 120.

10. Trends na Fasaha

19-213/BHC-AP1Q2/3T yana wakiltar fasahar SMD LED mai girma. Trends na gabaɗaya a cikin masana'antar LED waɗanda ke haɗa wannan ɓangaren sun haɗa da ci gaba da tuƙi donƙaruwar inganci(ƙarin lumens kowace watt), wanda ke ba da damar ko dai fitarwa mai haske a ƙarfin lantarki ɗaya ko haske iri ɗaya tare da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki da ƙarancin zafi. Akwai kuma wani yanayi zuwamafi daidaiton launi da ƙaramin binningdon biyan buƙatun aikace-aikacen nuni da haske. Bugu da ƙari,ƙananan girmayana ci gaba, tare da ƙananan sawun marufi (misali, 0402, 0201 metric) suna zama gama gari don aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari. A ƙarshe,ingantaccen aminci da ƙarfi, gami da mafi girman ƙimar ESD da ingantaccen juriya ga danshi, sune mahimman wuraren ci gaba don faɗaɗa amfani da LED zuwa cikin yanayi masu ƙarfi kamar hasken motoci.