SMD 5050 High Power LED Datasheet - Size 5.0x5.0mm - Voltage 6.0V Max - Power 6.3W - White Light Technical Document

1. Product Overview

The 5050 package represents a lighting-grade, high-power LED solution designed for demanding illumination applications. It is a compact surface-mount device (SMD) that delivers high luminous flux and efficiency within a small footprint. The primary design goal is to provide a reliable and powerful light source suitable for a wide range of professional and general lighting uses where consistent, bright white light is required.

1.1 Core Advantages

The key advantages of this LED series include its high luminous intensity output, which enables excellent light performance. It features a typical wide viewing angle of 120 degrees, providing broad and even illumination. The product is manufactured to be Pb-free (lead-free), compliant with the EU REACH regulation, and meets halogen-free requirements, specifically with Bromine (Br) content below 900 ppm, Chlorine (Cl) content below 900 ppm, and their combined total below 1500 ppm. This makes it suitable for environmentally conscious designs and applications with strict material restrictions.

1.2 Target Markets and Applications

This LED is engineered for versatile lighting applications. Its primary markets include decorative and entertainment lighting, where color quality and brightness are crucial. It is also well-suited for agriculture lighting, supporting plant growth spectra when combined with appropriate phosphors. General illumination is a major application area, encompassing indoor and outdoor lighting. Specifically, it targets public lighting infrastructure such as street lights, high-bay lights for industrial or commercial spaces, and stadium lights, where high output and reliability are paramount.

2. In-Depth Technical Parameter Analysis

This section provides a detailed, objective interpretation of the key technical parameters that define the LED's performance and operational limits.

2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

These ratings define the stress limits beyond which permanent damage to the device may occur. Operation at or near these limits is not recommended for extended periods. The absolute maximum ratings are specified at a soldering point temperature (T_soldering) of 25°C.

• Forward Current (I_F): 1050 mA (DC). This is the maximum continuous current that can be applied.
• Power Dissipation (P_d): 6300 mW (6.3 W). This is the maximum power the package can dissipate.
• Pulse Forward Current (I_PF): 2000 mA. This higher current is permissible only under pulsed conditions, not continuous operation.
• Operating Temperature (T_opr): -35°C to +105°C. The ambient temperature range for reliable operation.
• Storage Temperature (T_stg): -35°C to +105°C. The safe temperature range when the device is not powered.
• Thermal Resistance (R_{th J-S}): 2.5 °C/W (Junction to Soldering point). A lower value indicates better heat transfer from the LED chip (junction) to the board. Effective thermal management is critical to stay within the junction temperature limit.
• Junction Temperature (T_j): 125 °C (maximum). The temperature at the semiconductor chip itself must not exceed this limit to ensure longevity and performance.
• ESD Sensitivity: 2000 V (Human Body Model). The device is sensitive to electrostatic discharge and requires proper handling procedures.
• Soldering Temperature: For reflow soldering, a peak temperature of 260°C for 10 seconds is specified. For hand soldering, 350°C for 3 seconds is the limit.

2.2 Electro-Optical Characteristics

These characteristics define the typical performance of the LED under normal operating conditions, measured at T_soldering = 25°C and a forward current (I_F) of 180mA.

• Luminous Flux (Φ): Ranges from a minimum of 160 lm to a maximum of 255 lm, depending on the specific product bin (see Section 3). The typical tolerance is ±11%.
• Forward Voltage (V_F): Maximum of 6.0 V at 180mA. The typical tolerance is ±0.1V. Actual V_F will vary by bin and individual unit.
• Color Rendering Index (CRI or R_a): Minimum of 70 for the standard series, with a tolerance of ±2. Higher CRI options are available (see Section 3.1).
• Viewing Angle (2θ_1/2): Typically 120 degrees. This is the full angle at which luminous intensity is half of the peak value.
• Reverse Current (I_R): Maximum of 10 µA at a reverse voltage (V_R) of 5V.

3. Binning System Explanation

To ensure color and brightness consistency in production, LEDs are sorted into bins based on key parameters. This allows designers to select parts that meet specific application requirements.

3.1 Color Rendering Index (CRI) Binning

The CRI indicates how naturally a light source renders colors compared to a reference source. A single-letter symbol in the part number denotes the minimum CRI. For example, 'L' corresponds to a minimum CRI of 70, 'K' to 80, and 'H' or 'R' to 90. The 'R' bin has the additional requirement of a minimum R9 value (saturated red) of 50, which is important for high-quality lighting. The tolerance for CRI is ±2.

3.2 Forward Current Index

The symbol 'Z18' in the part number indicates the nominal forward current for testing and specifying parameters, which is 180mA (I_F = 180mA).

3.3 Forward Voltage Index

The symbol '60' denotes the maximum forward voltage for the group, which is 6.0V.

3.4 Luminous Flux Binning

LEDs are binned according to their minimum luminous flux output at 180mA. The bin code, such as '160L15' or '230L15', specifies the flux range. For instance, '230L15' means the minimum flux is 230 lm, and the bin width is 15 lm (so the range is 230-245 lm). The overall flux tolerance is ±11%.

3.5 Forward Voltage Binning

Voltage is also binned to aid in driver design and current matching in arrays. Groups are defined by a two-digit code like '52B', where '52' indicates the minimum voltage (5.2V) and 'B' is the bin identifier. The range for '52B' is 5.2V to 5.4V. Other bins include '54B' (5.4-5.6V), '56B' (5.6-5.8V), and '58B' (5.8-6.0V). Tolerance is ±0.1V.

3.6 Chromaticity Coordinate (Color Temperature) Binning

The Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) is controlled by binning the chromaticity coordinates (x, y) on the CIE 1931 diagram. The datasheet provides detailed coordinate boxes for different CCTs like 1800K, 2200K, and 2700K (Warm White), and others up to 6500K (Cool White). Each CCT has multiple sub-bins (e.g., 18K-A, 18K-B) to ensure tight color consistency. The reference range for 1800K bins, for example, is between 1765K and 1960K, depending on the specific sub-bin selected.

4. Mass Production List and Part Number Decoding

A list of standard products in mass production is provided. For example, the part number XI5050EE/LKE-H5023060Z18/2N can be decoded as follows:

• XI5050EE/LKE: Base product family (5050 SMD High Power LED).
• H: Prefix for the performance code.
• 50: Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) code, representing 5000K.
• 230: Minimum luminous flux code, representing 230 lm.
• 60: Forward voltage index (6.0V max).
• Z18: Forward current index (180mA).
• /2N: Package or reel specification.

Therefore, this specific part is a 5000K (neutral white) LED with a minimum flux of 230 lm, a maximum forward voltage of 6.0V at 180mA, and a CRI of at least 70 (implied by the standard series). The mass production table lists variants from 1800K to 6500K with their corresponding minimum and typical flux values at different test currents (180mA, 640mA, 750mA).

5. Application Design Considerations

5.1 Thermal Management

Given the high power dissipation (up to 6.3W) and the critical junction temperature limit of 125°C, effective thermal management is the most crucial design aspect. The low thermal resistance of 2.5 °C/W from junction to solder point is beneficial, but it necessitates a well-designed PCB with adequate thermal vias and, often, connection to a heatsink. The maximum operating ambient temperature is 105°C, but the actual achievable current and brightness will be lower at high ambient temperatures due to thermal derating.

5.2 Electrical Drive

A constant-current driver is mandatory for reliable operation. The driver should be selected based on the desired operating current (up to 1050 mA maximum continuous) and the forward voltage bin of the LEDs used. For series connections, the total V_F of the string must be considered. The device is sensitive to reverse voltage, with a maximum of 5V before significant leakage occurs; circuits should protect against reverse bias.

5.3 ESD and Handling

The ESD sensitivity rating of 2000V (HBM) requires standard ESD precautions during handling, assembly, and installation. Use grounded workstations, wrist straps, and conductive containers.

5.4 Soldering Process

Adhere strictly to the soldering profile: reflow with a peak of 260°C for no more than 10 seconds. Avoid excessive time above the liquidus temperature. For repair, hand soldering at 350°C should be limited to 3 seconds per pad. These limits prevent damage to the internal die attach, wire bonds, and plastic package.

6. Performance Analysis and Trends

6.1 Luminous Efficacy

While not explicitly stated as lm/W, efficacy can be calculated from the data. For the 5000K, 230 lm min part at 180mA and a typical V_F of perhaps 5.6V (power = 1.008W), the minimum efficacy is approximately 228 lm/W. At higher currents like 750mA, the typical flux is 835 lm. Assuming a higher V_F at that current (e.g., 6.2V, power = 4.65W), the typical efficacy would be around 180 lm/W. This demonstrates the high-efficiency nature of this lighting-grade LED, though efficacy decreases at higher currents due to increased thermal and electrical losses.

6.2 Color Quality and Consistency

The availability of CRI options up to 90 (with R9 > 50) and tight chromaticity binning reflects the market demand for high-quality white light in professional applications. The multi-bin structure for each CCT allows manufacturers to offer products with very tight color matching for applications where batch-to-batch consistency is critical, such as in architectural or retail lighting.

6.3 Application-Specific Optimization

The wide range of CCTs (1800K-6500K) allows designers to tailor the light for specific environments: warm white (1800K-3000K) for cozy or decorative settings, neutral white (3500K-5000K) for general and office lighting, and cool white (5700K-6500K) for task lighting or simulating daylight. The high flux output makes it suitable for replacing traditional light sources in retrofit projects or designing new, efficient luminaires.

7. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)

Q: What is the main advantage of the 5050 package size?

A: The 5.0mm x 5.0mm footprint offers an excellent balance between high light output (from a relatively large emitting area) and board space efficiency. It allows for good thermal dissipation while maintaining a compact form factor suitable for many luminaire designs.

Q: Can I drive this LED at its maximum current of 1050mA continuously?

A: While technically possible, continuous operation at the absolute maximum rating is not recommended for reliable long-term performance. The practical maximum operating current will be lower and is determined by the thermal design of the system (PCB, heatsink, ambient temperature) to ensure the junction temperature (T_j) remains safely below 125°C. Derating curves, though not provided in this excerpt, are essential for such design.

Q: How do I choose the right CRI bin?

A: For applications where color appearance is critical (e.g., retail, museums, art galleries, high-end residential), choose a high CRI bin (80, 85, 90). The 'R' bin (CRI 90, R9>50) is especially good for rendering red tones. For general or utility lighting where cost is a bigger factor, the standard CRI 70 bin is often sufficient.

Q: Why is the viewing angle 120 degrees?

A: A wide viewing angle is desirable for many general lighting applications because it provides broad, even illumination, reducing harsh shadows and glare. It is ideal for area lighting, downlights, and panels where a wide beam is needed without secondary optics. For spotlighting, secondary lenses would be used to narrow the beam.

Q: What does \"Halogen Free\" compliance mean for my product?

A: It means the LED materials comply with restrictions on bromine and chlorine-based flame retardants. This is important for meeting certain environmental regulations (like IEC 61249-2-21), reducing toxic emissions in case of fire, and is often required in consumer electronics, automotive, and other eco-label certifications.