Takardar Bayani na SMD LED LTST-E682KGKFWT - Girman Kunshin - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 1.8-2.4V - Ƙarfin Haske har zuwa 450mcd - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ma'auni na SMD LED wanda aka ƙera don haɗa allon da'ira (PCB) ta atomatik. Abun yana da siffar ƙaramin girman sa, wanda ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari a cikin kewayon kayan aikin lantarki.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da bin ka'idojin muhalli, dacewa da tsarin masana'antu na atomatik, da ƙarfin kunshi don sarrafawa da ajiya. An ƙera shi musamman don haɗawa cikin na'urorin sadarwa, kayan aikin ofis, kayan amfani na gida, da tsarin sarrafa masana'antu. Babban aikinsa shine nuna matsayi, haskaka sigina da alamomi, da hasken baya na allon gaba.

1.2 Siffofi Mafi Muhimmanci

• Yana bin umarnin Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari (RoHS).
• An kunshi shi a cikin kaset mai girman 8mm akan reel mai diamita inci 7, yana sauƙaƙe haɗawa cikin sauri ta hanyar ɗauka da sanyawa.
• Daidaitaccen tsarin ƙafar kunshin EIA yana tabbatar da dacewa da tsarin PCB na masana'antu.
• Halayen tuƙi masu dacewa da da'irar haɗawa (IC).
• Cikakken dacewa da kayan aikin sanyawa ta atomatik.
• Yana jure tsarin solder na IR reflow kamar yadda tsarin masana'antu ya tanada.
• An riga an shirya shi zuwa matakin ɗanɗano na JEDEC Mai Saurin 3, yana nuna rayuwar bene na sa'o'i 168 a <30°C/60% RH bayan an buɗe jakar.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Bayani Mai Ma'ana

Sasannin masu zuwa suna ba da cikakken bincike game da halayen lantarki, na gani, da na zafi na LED bisa ga bayanan da aka bayar.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda bayansu lalacewa ta dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki a ko kusa da waɗannan iyakokin don ƙira mai dogaro.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d):Matsakaicin 72 mW ga duka guntun lemu da kore. Wannan ma'auni yana iyakance haɗuwar ƙarfin halin yanzu na gaba da ƙarfin wuta.
• Ƙarfin Halin Yanzu na Gaba Mai Kololuwa (I_FP):80 mA, ana iya yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms). Wannan yana da alaƙa da haɗawa da yawa ko ɓangarorin sigina na gajere.
• Ƙarfin Halin Yanzu na Gaba na Ci gaba (I_F):30 mA DC. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin halin yanzu da ake ba da shawarar don aiki mai tsayayye.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Koma Baya (V_R):Matsakaicin 5 V. Wuce wannan zai iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +85°C don aiki, da -40°C zuwa +100°C don ajiya. Waɗannan kewayon sune na al'ada ga abubuwan matakin kasuwanci.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan sune ma'auni na ayyuka na al'ada da aka auna a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C, I_F=20mA).

• Ƙarfin Haske (I_V):Lemu: 140-450 mcd (millicandela). Kore: 71-224 mcd. An auna shi tare da tacewa wanda ya kusanci amsawar ido na ɗan adam. Faɗin kewayon yana nuna ana amfani da tsarin rarrabe (duba Sashe na 3).
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ_1/2):Digiri 120 (na al'ada). Wannan faɗaɗɗen kusurwa, wanda ruwan tabarau mai watsawa ke sauƙaƙe, yana ba da tsarin haskakawa mai faɗi, daidai maimakon ƙaramin katako.
• Tsawon Zango Mai Kololuwa (λ_P):Lemu: 611 nm. Kore: 574 nm. Wannan shine tsawon zango inda mafi girman ƙarfin haske ke fitowa.
• Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (λ_d):Lemu: 605 nm. Kore: 571 nm. Wannan shine tsawon zango guda ɗaya wanda idon ɗan adam ke gani, yana ayyana wurin launi akan zanen CIE chromaticity.
• Faɗin Tsawon Zango (Δλ):Lemu: 17 nm. Kore: 15 nm. Wannan yana nuna tsaftar hasken tsarin haske; ƙaramin faɗin zango yana nufin launi mai cikar cikawa.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (V_F):1.8 V zuwa 2.4 V ga duka launuka a 20mA. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da wannan raguwar ƙarfin wuta lokacin ƙididdige masu iyakance ƙarfin halin yanzu na jerin.
• Ƙarfin Halin Yanzu na Koma Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 μA a V_R=5V. Ƙananan ƙima yana nuna kyakkyawan ingancin haɗin gwiwa.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabe (Binning)

Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED bisa ƙarfin haskensu. Tolerancin a cikin kowane rukunin shine +/-11%.

3.1 Rarrabe Ƙarfin Haske

Rukunonin LED na Lemu:R2 (140-180 mcd), S1 (180-224 mcd), S2 (224-280 mcd), T1 (280-355 mcd), T2 (355-450 mcd).
Rukunonin LED na Kore:Q1 (71-90 mcd), Q2 (90-112 mcd), R1 (112-140 mcd), R2 (140-180 mcd), S1 (180-224 mcd).
Wannan tsarin yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar matakin haske da ya dace don aikace-aikacensu, daidaita farashi da aiki.

4. Bincike na Lankwasa Ayyuka

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman zane-zane a cikin takardar bayani, tasirinsu yana da mahimmanci ga ƙira.

4.1 Ƙarfin Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (Lankwasa I-V)

Halayen I-V ba ta layi ba ce, ta al'ada na diode. Ƙarfin wutar gaba yana da ma'auni mara kyau na zafin jiki, ma'ana V_Fyana raguwa kaɗan yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan a cikin ƙirar tuƙi mai tsayayyen ƙarfin halin yanzu.

4.2 Ƙarfin Haske vs. Ƙarfin Halin Yanzu na Gaba

Ƙarfin haske yana kusan daidai da ƙarfin halin yanzu na gaba a cikin kewayon aiki da ake ba da shawarar. Duk da haka, inganci (lumens kowace watt) na iya raguwa a manyan ƙarfin halin yanzu saboda ƙarin zafi.

4.3 Rarraba Tsarin Haske (Spectral Distribution)

Lankwasan rarraba tsarin haske da aka ambata zai nuna ƙananan kololuwar fitarwa na fasahar AlInGaP, wanda ya ta'allaka a kusa da tsayin zango mai kololuwa da aka bayyana, yana tabbatar da tsaftar launi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

5.1 Girman Kunshi da Tsarin Ƙafar

LED yana amfani da daidaitaccen tsarin ƙafar SMD. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da girman jiki da tazarar jagora. Duk girma suna cikin millimeters tare da matsakaicin jurewa na ±0.2 mm. An ayyana tsarin ƙafar a sarari: Ƙafafu 1 da 2 suna da alaƙa da guntun LED kore, kuma ƙafafu 3 da 4 suna da alaƙa da guntun LED lemu. Wannan tsarin guntun biyu, ƙafar 4 yana ba da damar sarrafa launuka biyu daban.

5.2 Tsarin Ƙafar PCB da Ake Shawarar

An ba da zanen tsarin ƙasa don tabbatar da samar da haɗin gwiwar solder daidai da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya. Bin wannan shawarar yana da mahimmanci don cimma haɗin gwiwar solder mai dogaro yayin reflow da hana kabari ko karkace.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Tsarin Solder na IR Reflow

An ba da shawarar tsarin reflow wanda ya dace da J-STD-020B don hanyoyin da ba su da gubar. Mahimman ma'auni sun haɗa da yanki na riga-kafi (150-200°C har zuwa 120 sec max), matsakaicin zafin jikin kunshi bai wuce 260°C ba, da lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (TAL) an iyakance shi don tabbatar da samar da haɗin gwiwar solder daidai ba tare da lalacewar zafi ga kunshin LED ko ruwan tabarau na epoxy ba.

6.2 Gargaɗin Ajiya da Sarrafawa

• Ajiya (Jakar da aka Rufe):≤30°C da ≤70% RH. Yi amfani da shi cikin shekara guda.
• Ajiya (Bayan Buɗewa):≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Kammala IR reflow cikin sa'o'i 168 (mako ɗaya).
• Ajiya Mai Tsayi (An Buɗe):Ajiye a cikin akwati da aka rufe tare da busassun abu ko a cikin yanayin nitrogen.
• Gasasshen (Baking):Idan an fallasa shi na >168 hours, gasa a 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 48 kafin solder don cire ɗanɗanon da aka sha da hana "popcorning" yayin reflow.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Kawai yakamata a yi amfani da takamaiman wakilan tsaftacewa. Ana ba da shawarar barasa na isopropyl ko ethyl. Ya kamata nutsewa ya kasance a yanayin zafi na al'ada kuma ƙasa da minti ɗaya don hana lalata kayan kunshi.

7. Bayanin Kunshi da Oda

7.1 Ma'auni na Kaset da Reel

Ana samar da abubuwan akan kaset mai ɗaukar kaya, mai faɗin 8mm, wanda aka nannade akan reel mai diamita inci 7 (178mm). Matsakaicin adadin reel shine guda 2000. Ana samun mafi ƙarancin adadin kunshi na guda 500 don umarnin saura. Kunshin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

• Masu Nuna Matsayi:Kunna/kashe wutar lantarki, ayyukan cibiyar sadarwa, cajin baturi, tsarin shirye.
• Hasken Baya:Haskaka maɓallan maɓalli, gumaka, ko alamomi akan allon gaba.
• Fitilun Sigina:Saƙonni masu launi masu sauƙi (misali, kore don OK, lemu don gargaɗi).

8.2 Abubuwan da Ya Kamata A Yi La'akari da su Lokacin Ƙira

• Iyakance Ƙarfin Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jerin ko direba mai tsayayyen ƙarfin halin yanzu don saita ƙarfin halin yanzu na gaba. Lissafa ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F.
• Sarrafa Zafi:Yayin da rushewar wutar lantarki ta yi ƙasa, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko ramukan zafi idan ana aiki a manyan yanayin zafi na muhalli ko matsakaicin ƙarfin halin yanzu don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa a cikin iyakoki.
• Kariya daga ESD:Ya kamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD na al'ada yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa.

9. Kwatance da Bambance-bambance na Fasaha

Babban abin da ya bambanta wannan LED shine amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP da ruwan tabarau mai watsawa. Fasahar AlInGaP yawanci tana ba da ingantaccen ingancin haske da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki don launukan amber/lemu/ja idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP. Ruwan tabarau mai watsawa yana ba da kusurwar kallo mai faɗi sosai (120°) kuma daidai, wanda ke da fa'ida ga aikace-aikacen da LED za a iya duba shi daga kusurwoyi daban-daban, sabanin LED mai ƙunƙuntaccen kusurwa da ake amfani da shi don hasken da aka nufa.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha

10.1 Shin Zan iya tuka wannan LED a 30mA a ci gaba?

Ee, 30mA shine matsakaicin ƙimar ƙarfin halin yanzu na gaba na DC na ci gaba. Don mafi kyawun tsawon rayuwa da ingantaccen aiki, yin aiki a ƙaramin ƙarfin halin yanzu, kamar 20mA (yanayin gwaji), ana ba da shawarar sau da yawa.

10.2 Me yasa akwai kewayon ƙarfin haske da ƙarfin wutar gaba?

Bambance-bambancen masana'antu suna haifar da yaɗuwar halitta a cikin waɗannan ma'auni. Tsarin rarrabe (Sashe na 3) yana rarraba LED bisa ƙarfi. Ƙarfin wutar gaba yana da ƙayyadaddun jurewa na +/- 0.1V daga ƙimar al'ada a wani ƙarfin halin yanzu. Dole ne ƙirar da'ira ta ɗauki waɗannan kewayon.

10.3 Ta yaya zan iya sarrafa launuka biyu daban?

LED yana da guntun semiconductor daban-daban guda biyu (kore ɗaya, lemu ɗaya) tare da haɗin anode/cathode masu zaman kansu (ƙafafu 1-2 don kore, 3-4 don lemu). Kuna buƙatar da'irori na tuƙi daban-daban guda biyu (misali, masu iyakance ƙarfin halin yanzu guda biyu waɗanda aka haɗa su zuwa ƙafafun GPIO daban-daban na microcontroller) don sarrafa su da kansu.

11. Misalin Ƙira da Amfani na Aiki

Misali: Mai Nuna Matsayi Biyu don Na'urar Cibiyar Sadarwa.Mai ƙira yana buƙatar abu ɗaya don nuna matsayin "An Haɗa" (kore) da "Canja wurin Bayanai" (lemu). Wannan LED ya dace sosai. Guntun kore yana haɗe zuwa ƙafar GPIO da aka saita sama lokacin da aka kafa hanyar haɗi. Guntun lemu yana haɗe zuwa wani ƙafar GPIO wanda aka buga (misali, ta amfani da ƙimar ƙarfin halin yanzu mai kololuwa na 80mA) a cikin daidaitawa tare da aikin bayanai. Faɗaɗɗen kusurwar kallo yana tabbatar da cewa ana iya ganin matsayin daga ko'ina a gaban na'urar. Mai ƙira ya zaɓi rukunin R2 don kore da rukunin S1 don lemu don tabbatar da isasshen haske amma daidaitacce, kuma yana amfani da ƙarfin halin yanzu na tuƙi na 20mA tare da masu iyakance ƙarfin halin yanzu na jerin da aka ƙididdige bisa ga V na al'ada na 2.1V_Fda tsarin wadata na 3.3V.

12. Gabatarwa da Ka'ida

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan fasahar semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar gaba a kan haɗin p-n, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap don haka tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, kore da lemu. Ruwan tabarau mai watsawa an yi shi da resin na epoxy tare da barbashi masu watsawa waɗanda ke bazuwar alkiblar hasken da aka fitar, suna haifar da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi, mai kama da Lambertian.

13. Trends na Ci Gaba

Gabaɗayan yanayin a cikin SMD LED masu nuna alama yana ci gaba zuwa ga ingantaccen ingancin haske (ƙarin fitowar haske kowace watt na lantarki), ingantaccen daidaiton launi ta hanyar ƙaramin rarrabe, da ingantaccen dogaro a ƙarƙashin manyan hanyoyin solder na zafi. Hakanan akwai ƙoƙari don ƙananan ƙira yayin kiyayewa ko ƙara aikin gani. Amfani da manyan kayan semiconductor kamar AlInGaP don takamaiman kewayon launi yana wakiltar ci gaba da ƙoƙari don inganta inganci da tsaftar launi don aikace-aikacen nuna alama.