Takardar Bayanin Fasaha na SMD LED LTST-C990NRKT-PO - AlInGaP Ja - 20mA - 900-2240mcd

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakken bayanin fasaha na fitilar LED mai hawa a saman (SMD). An ƙera wannan ɓangaren don haɗa allon da'ira da aka buga (PCB) ta atomatik, yana da ƙaramin siffa wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari. Babban aikinsa shine zama mai nuna alama ta gani ko tushen haske a cikin kayan aikin lantarki iri-iri.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Musamman da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

LED yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci ga masana'antar kayan lantarki na zamani. Yana amfani da ƙwayar AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) mai haske sosai, wanda ke ba da ingantaccen haske don fitar da ja. An tattara na'urar a kan tef ɗin inci 8 wanda aka nannade akan reels mai diamita inci 7, wanda ya yi daidai da ka'idojin EIA, wanda ya sa ya dace da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa na atomatik mai sauri. Bugu da ƙari, an ƙera shi don jurewa tsarin gudanar da gishiri na infrared (IR) da ake amfani da shi a cikin layukan haɗawa marasa gubar (Pb), yana tabbatar da haɗawa mai ƙarfi zuwa PCB. Samfurin ya bi ka'idar Ƙuntata Abubuwa masu haɗari (RoHS).

Aikace-aikacen da ake nufi suna da faɗi, sun haɗa da kayan aikin sadarwa, na'urori na sarrafa ofis, na'urorin gida, da tsarin sarrafa masana'antu. Amfanin takamaiman ya haɗa da hasken baya na maɓallan rubutu da madannai, fitilolin nuna matsayi, haɗawa cikin ƙananan nuni, da hasken siginar ko alama na gaba ɗaya.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana cikakken bayyana iyakoki da halayen aiki na LED. Duk sigogi an ayyana su a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C sai dai idan an faɗi daban.

2.1 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙarfafawa

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Ba a tabbatar da aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):62.5 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da fakitin LED zai iya watsawa azaman zafi.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_F(PEAK)):60 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba da aka halatta a lokaci guda, yawanci ana ƙayyade shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms) don sarrafa damuwar zafi.
• Ci gaba da DC Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_F):25 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu da aka ba da shawarar don ci gaba da aiki.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya wanda ya wuce wannan ƙimar zai iya haifar da rushewa da gazawa.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-30°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon zafin muhalli wanda aka ƙera LED don yin aiki a cikinsa.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon zafin jiki don ajiyar da ba ta aiki ba.
• Yanayin Gishiri na Infrared:260°C na dakika 10. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi da fakitin zai iya jurewa yayin gishiri na sake kwarara.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da na Gani

Waɗannan su ne sigogin aiki na yau da kullun da aka auna a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):900.0 - 2240.0 mcd (millicandela). An auna shi a halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) na 20mA. Ana auna ƙarfin ta amfani da haɗin firikwensin da tace wanda ya kusanci lanƙwasa amsawar ido (CIE). Faɗin kewayon yana nuna ana amfani da tsarin rarrabuwa (duba Sashe na 4).
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ_1/2):Digiri 75. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya rabi ƙimar da aka auna akan axis na tsakiya (0°). Kusurwar digiri 75 tana ba da madaidaicin mazugi na kallo.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsakiya (λ_P):639 nm (nanometers). Wannan shine tsawon tsawon raƙuman ruwa wanda rarraba ƙarfin haske na fitar da haske ya kasance a matsakaicinsa.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsakiya (λ_d):624.0 - 632.0 nm. An samo wannan daga zanen launi na CIE kuma yana wakiltar launin fahimtar LED, wanda yake cikin yankin ja na bakan.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):20 nm. Wannan yana nuna faɗin bakan, wanda aka auna azaman cikakken faɗi a rabin matsakaicin (FWHM) na kololuwar fitarwa. Ƙimar 20nm ta zama ruwan dare ga LED ja na AlInGaP mai launi ɗaya.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):1.7 - 2.5 V. Faɗin ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da aka tuƙa shi da 20mA. Wannan kewayon yana lissafin bambance-bambancen ƙira na yau da kullun a cikin ƙwayar semiconductor.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R):10 μA (matsakaici). Ƙananan halin yanzu na ɓarna wanda ke gudana lokacin da aka yi amfani da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya (5V).

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a aikace-aikace, ana rarraba LED bisa mahimman sigogi na gani bayan ƙira.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Hasken

Babban sigar rarrabawa na wannan LED shine ƙarfin haskensa. An rarraba samfurin zuwa rukunoni da yawa, kowanne yana da ƙayyadaddun ƙima mafi ƙanƙanta da matsakaicin ƙarfin haske lokacin da aka tuƙa shi da 20mA. Lambar rukunin, wanda aka buga akan reel ko marufi, yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LED masu daidaitaccen haske don aikace-aikacensu. Rangwame a cikin kowane rukunin shine +/- 15%. Jerin rukunin shine kamar haka:

• Lambar Rukunin V2:900.0 - 1120.0 mcd
• Lambar Rukunin W1:1120.0 - 1400.0 mcd
• Lambar Rukunin W2:1400.0 - 1800.0 mcd
• Lambar Rukunin X1:1800.0 - 2240.0 mcd

Zaɓin lambar rukunin mafi girma (misali, X1) yana tabbatar da mafi girman haske mafi ƙanƙanta, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen gani mai girma ko inda halin yanzu na tuƙi zai iya iyakancewa.

4. Bincike akan Lanƙwasa Aiki

Bayanan hoto suna ba da zurfin fahimta game da halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Lanƙwasan da aka haɗa a cikin takardar bayanin suna kwatanta alaƙar tsakanin mahimman sigogi.

4.1 Halin Yanzu na Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta layi tsakanin halin yanzu da ke gudana ta cikin LED da ƙarfin lantarki a cikinta. 'Gwiwa' na lanƙwasa, yawanci kusan 1.7V zuwa 2.0V na wannan na'urar, shine inda LED ta fara fitar da haske sosai. Sama da wannan gwiwa, ƙaramin ƙari a cikin ƙarfin lantarki yana haifar da babban ƙari a cikin halin yanzu. Don haka, koyaushe ana tuƙa LED tare da tsarin iyakance halin yanzu, ba tushen ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙayyadaddun ƙima ba.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken da Halin Yanzu na Gaba

Wannan jadawalin yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu na tuƙi. Ga yawancin LED, alaƙar tana kusan layi a cikin kewayon aikin da aka ba da shawarar (har zuwa 25mA na wannan na'urar). Tuƙi LED fiye da matsakaicin ƙimar halin yanzu na ci gaba ba zai haifar da ƙarin haske daidai gwargwado ba kuma zai haifar da zafi mai yawa, yana rage tsawon rayuwa da aminci.

4.3 Rarraba Bakan

Zanen bakan yana nuna ƙarfin hasken da aka fitar a tsawon raƙuman ruwa daban-daban. Zai ƙunshi kololuwa guda ɗaya, babba a kusa da 639 nm (matsakaicin tsawon raƙuman ruwa) tare da siffa ta musamman da aka ayyana ta 20 nm rabin faɗi. Wannan yana tabbatar da fitar da launin ja mai launi ɗaya.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

5.1 Girman Na'ura da Halin Ƙarfin Lantarki

Fakitin LED yana da takamaiman girmansa mai mahimmanci don ƙirar sawun PCB. Takardar bayanin tana ba da cikakken zane mai girma. Muhimman fasali sun haɗa da tsawon gabaɗaya, faɗi, da tsayi. Fakitin kuma yana da mai nuna halin ƙarfin lantarki, yawanci tsaga, kore ɗigo, ko alamar cathode a ƙarshen ɗaya, wanda dole ne a daidaita shi daidai da sawun PCB don tabbatar da haɗin lantarki mai kyau (anode da cathode).

5.2 Tsarin Dandalin Haɗawa na PCB da Aka Ba da Shawara

An ba da tsarin ƙasa da aka ba da shawarar (tsarin dandalin tagulla) don PCB. An ƙera wannan tsarin don tabbatar da haɗin gishiri mai aminci yayin sake kwarara, samar da isassun taimakon zafi, da hana gada gishiri. Bin wannan shawarar yana da mahimmanci don nasarar haɗawa da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya na dogon lokaci.

5.3 Ƙayyadaddun Marufi na Tef da Reel

Don haɗawa ta atomatik, ana samar da abubuwan a cikin tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya akan reels. Takardar bayanin tana ƙayyade girmen aljihun tef ɗin da ke riƙe da kowane LED, faɗin tef, da girmen reel (diamita inci 7). Matsakaicin adadin reel shine guda 3000. Marufin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481. Bayanan sun haɗa da cikakkun bayanai kan tef ɗin murfi, matsakaicin abubuwan da suka ɓace a jere (2), da mafi ƙarancin adadin oda na ragowar (guda 500).

6. Jagororin Gishiri, Haɗawa, da Sarrafawa

6.1 Bayanin Siffar Sake Kwararar IR da Aka Ba da Shawara

Don hanyoyin gishiri marasa gubar, ana ba da shawarar takamaiman bayanin zafi don hana lalacewa. Muhimman sigogi sun haɗa da:

• Zafin Dumama Kafin:150-200°C
• Lokacin Dumama Kafin:Matsakaicin dakika 120
• Matsakaicin Zafin Jiki:Matsakaicin 260°C
• Lokaci Sama da 260°C:Matsakaicin dakika 10 (an halatta matsakaicin sake zagayowar kwarara guda biyu)

Ya kamata a haɓaka bayanin daidai da ƙa'idodin JEDEC kuma a tabbatar da shi tare da takamaiman ƙirar PCB, man gishiri, da tanda da ake amfani da su a cikin samarwa.

6.2 Yanayin Ajiya

Ajiya mai kyau tana da mahimmanci saboda hankalin ɗanɗano na fakitin filastik (MSL 3).

• Fakitin da aka Rufe:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH. Yi amfani da shi cikin shekara guda bayan ranar tattarawa.
• Fakitin da aka Buɗe:Ga abubuwan da aka cire daga jakar hana ɗanɗano, yanayin muhalli bai kamata ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Ana ba da shawarar kammala sake kwararar IR cikin mako guda. Don ajiya fiye da mako guda, gasa LED a 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin gishiri don cire ɗanɗano da aka sha da hana 'gwaiduwa' yayin sake kwarara.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan tsaftacewa bayan gishiri ya zama dole, yi amfani da kaushi da aka amince da su kawai. An ƙayyade nutsar da LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Sinadarai masu tsauri ko waɗanda ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na filastik da fakitin.

6.4 Taka Tsantsan Game da Fitowar Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

Ƙwayar semiconductor a cikin LED tana da hankali ga fitar da wutar lantarki da hawan ƙarfin lantarki. Ana buƙatar taka tsantsan game da sarrafawa: yi amfani da abin wuya na wuya mai ƙasa ko safofin hannu masu hana wutar lantarki, kuma tabbatar da cewa duk kayan aiki da saman aiki suna da ƙasa daidai.

7. Abubuwan da Ake Yi la'akari da Ƙirar Aikace-aikace

7.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Tuƙi

LED na'urori ne masu tuƙi na halin yanzu. Babban abin da ke da mahimmanci na da'irar tuƙi shine ƙa'idar halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaitaccen haske, musamman lokacin da aka haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya, ya kamata a sanya resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere tare dakowanne LED na musamman. Sauraran da'irar tuƙi ta ƙunshi tushen ƙarfin lantarki (V_CC), LED, da resistor na jere (R_S). Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R_S= (V_CC- V_F) / I_F, inda V_Fshine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED a halin yanzu da ake so I_F(misali, 20mA). Yin amfani da resistor ga kowane LED yana rama ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin V_Fdaga na'ura zuwa na'ura.

7.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Duk da cewa rushewar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa (62.5 mW matsakaici), ingantaccen sarrafa zafi yana tsawaita rayuwar LED kuma yana kiyaye ingantaccen fitar da haske. PCB da kanta tana aiki azaman mai sanyaya zafi. Tabbatar da kyakkyawar haɗin zafi daga dandalin gishiri na LED zuwa faranti na tagulla akan PCB yana taimakawa wajen watsar da zafi. Guji yin amfani da LED a matsakaicin halin yanzu da iyakokin zafi na tsawon lokaci.

7.3 Iyakar Aikace-aikace da Iyakoki

Wannan LED an yi niyya ne don kayan aikin lantarki na gabaɗaya. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar aminci na musamman inda gazawar zai iya haifar da haɗari (misali, jiragen sama, tallafin rayuwa na likita, tsarin amincin sufuri), ƙarin cancanta da shawarwari tare da mai ƙera ɓangaren sun zama dole kafin ƙirar.

8. Kwatanta da Bambance-bambancen Fasaha

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP (Gallium Arsenide Phosphide) LED ja, ƙwayar AlInGaP da aka yi amfani da ita a nan tana ba da ingantaccen haske sosai, wanda ke haifar da haske mafi girma don halin yanzu na tuƙi ɗaya. Ƙirar ruwan tabarau na dome tana taimakawa wajen cimma ƙayyadaddun kusurwar kallo na digiri 75, yana ba da daidaito mai kyau tsakanin haske na axial da gani na kashe axis. Daidaitawa tare da sanyawa ta atomatik da sake kwararar IR ya sa ya zama zaɓi mai tsada don samarwa mai yawa, yana bambanta shi da LED waɗanda ke buƙatar gishiri da hannu.

9. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Me yasa LED dina yana duhu ko kuma bashi da daidaitaccen haske idan aka kwatanta da sauran da ke kan allon?

A: Babban dalili na yau da kullun shine rashin amfani da resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu na kowane LED lokacin da aka haɗa su a layi daya. Ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) suna haifar da rabon halin yanzu bai zama daidai ba. Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jere ga kowane LED. Haka nan, duba cewa kuna amfani da LED daga rukunin ƙarfin haske ɗaya.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED da 3.3V ba tare da resistor ba?

A: A'a. Haɗa LED kai tsaye zuwa tushen ƙarfin lantarki kamar 3.3V zai haifar da halin yanzu mai yawa, mai yiwuwa ya wuce matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba na DC (25mA) kuma ya lalata na'urar. Resistor na jere ya zama dole don iyakance halin yanzu zuwa ƙima mai aminci (misali, 20mA).

Q: Takardar bayanin tana nuna kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na 1.7V zuwa 2.5V. Wace ƙima ya kamata in yi amfani da ita don lissafin resistor na?

A: Don ƙira mai ra'ayin mazan jiya wanda ke tabbatar da cewa halin yanzu bai wuce abin da kuke nufi ba (misali, 20mA) ko da tare da V_FLED mai ƙasa, yi amfani da mafi ƙarancin ƙimar V_F(1.7V) a cikin lissafin ku. Wannan yana haifar da ƙimar resistor ɗan ƙarami da ɗan ƙaramin halin yanzu ga LED masu V_Fmafi girma, amma yana tabbatar da aminci ga duk na'urori.

Q: Me 'MSL 3' ke nufi ga ajiya?

A> Matakin Hankalin Danshi 3 yana nuna cewa fakitin za a iya fallasa shi ga yanayin bene na masana'anta (≤30°C/60% RH) har zuwa sa'o'i 168 (mako guda) kafin ya buƙaci gasa kafin gishiri na sake kwarara. Wuce wannan lokacin yana haifar da haɗarin lalacewar fakitin ciki yayin tsarin sake kwarara mai zafi.

10. Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi: Ƙirar allon mai nuna matsayi tare da LED ja guda 10 masu daidaitaccen haske.

1. Ƙirar Da'ira:Yi amfani da layin samar da wutar lantarki 5V. Manufa I_F= 20mA. Zaton V_Fna yau da kullun na 2.1V, lissafa R_S= (5V - 2.1V) / 0.020A = 145 Ohms. Mafi kusancin ƙimar daidaitaccen ƙima shine 150 Ohms. Sanya resistor 150-ohm guda ɗaya a jere tare da anode na kowane LED 10. Haɗa duk ɓangarorin cathode zuwa ƙasa.

2. Shimfidar PCB:Yi amfani da tsarin ƙasa da aka ba da shawarar daga takardar bayanin. Tabbatar da alamun halin ƙarfin lantarki akan silkscreen na PCB sun yi daidai da mai nuna halin ƙarfin lantarki na LED. Samar da ingantaccen filin ƙasa don watsar da zafi da dawowar lantarki.

3. Sayayya:Ƙayyade lambar rukunin ƙarfin haske da ake buƙata (misali, W2 don 1400-1800 mcd) ga mai rarrabawa don tabbatar da cewa duk LED 10 suna da haske iri ɗaya.

4. Haɗawa:Bi bayanin siffar sake kwararar IR da aka ba da shawarar. Bayan haɗawa, idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa, yi amfani da barasa na isopropyl.

Wannan hanya tana tabbatar da aiki mai aminci, daidaitaccen bayyanar gani, da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci ga allon mai nuna alama.

11. Gabatarwa kan Ƙa'idar Aiki

LED diode ne na semiconductor. Tsakiyarsa ita ce haɗin p-n da aka yi daga kayan bandgap kai tsaye kamar AlInGaP. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da wani electron ya sake haɗuwa da rami, ana sakin makamashi. A cikin LED, ana sakin wannan makamashi a cikin siffar photon (ɓangaren haske). Tsawon raƙuman ruwa (launi) na photon da aka fitar yana ƙaddara ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor. AlInGaP yana da bandgap daidai da hasken ja. Ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai siffar dome yana aiki don kare ƙwayar semiconductor da kuma siffanta katakon fitar da haske, yana fitar da ƙarin haske daga ƙwayar kuma yana ayyana kusurwar kallo.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Gabaɗayan yanayin a cikin SMD mai nuna alamar LED yana ci gaba zuwa ga ingantaccen aiki, ƙananan girman fakitin, da ƙara aminci. Duk da yake AlInGaP ya kasance babbar fasaha don ingantaccen LED ja da amber, wasu kayan kamar InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) sun rufe bakan shuɗi, kore, da fari. Akwai ci gaba da haɓakawa a cikin fakitin ma'aunin ƙwaya (CSP) inda aka ɗora ƙwayar LED kai tsaye ba tare da fakitin filastik na al'ada ba, yana ba da damar ƙananan siffofi. Bugu da ƙari, haɗa kayan aikin sarrafa lantarki, kamar direbobi na halin yanzu na yau da kullun, a cikin fakitin LED da kansa wani yanayi ne mai girma don sauƙaƙe ƙirar da'ira da inganta daidaiton aiki.