Bayanin Fasaha na LED LTST-C190KEKT - AlInGaP Ja - Kallon 130° - 1.7-2.5V - 30mA - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTST-C190KEKT na'urar LED ce da aka tsara don haɗa allon lantarki (PCB) ta atomatik. Tana cikin iyalin ƙananan LED da aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari a cikin kayan lantarki.

1.1 Fa'idodi da Kasuwa

Wannan LED tana ba da fa'idodi da yawa waɗanda suka sa ta dace da masana'antar lantarki ta zamani. Fa'idodinta sun haɗa da bin ka'idojin RoHS, amfani da ƙwayar AlInGaP mai haske sosai don fitar da hasken ja, da kuma shiryawa akan tef 8mm a kan reels masu diamita 7-inch waɗanda suka dace da kayan aikin atomatik. Hakanan an tsara na'urar don ta dace da hanyoyin IR reflow, wanda shine ma'auni na masana'antu don haɗa SMD.

Aikace-aikacen sun bambanta, suna nuna yadda ake amfani da kayan. Kasuwanni sun haɗa da kayan aikin sadarwa (misali, wayoyin hannu), na'urori na ofis (misali, kwamfutoci, tsarin sadarwa), kayan gida, da alamun cikin gida. Ana amfani da su don haskaka madannai, nuna matsayi, ƙananan nuni, da haskaka alamomi.

2. Bayanan Fasaha: Cikakken Bayani

Aikin LTST-C190KEKT an bayyana shi ta hanyar ma'auni na iyaka da halaye na lantarki/haske, duk an ƙayyade su a yanayin zafi (Ta) na 25°C.

2.1 Ma'auni na Iyaka

Waɗannan ma'auni suna bayyana iyakokin da za su iya lalata na'urar. Ba za a wuce su ba a kowane yanayi.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):75 mW. Wannan shine mafi girman adadin wutar lantarki da fakitin LED zai iya fitarwa a matsayin zafi.
• Madaidaicin Halin Yanzu (I_F(PEAK)):80 mA. Wannan shine mafi girman halin yanzu na lokaci guda, wanda aka yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da aikin 1/10 da faɗin bugun 0.1ms.
• Halin Yanzu na DC (I_F):30 mA. Wannan shine mafi girman halin yanzu na ci gaba don aiki mai dogon lokaci.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya da ya wuce wannan ƙimar zai iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:-55°C zuwa +85°C.
• Yanayin Solder na Infrared:Yana jure zafin 260°C na tsawon dakika 10, wanda ya zama al'ada don bayyanannen reflow na solder mara gubar.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Waɗannan sune ma'auni na aikin da aka auna a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):28.0 zuwa 112.0 mcd a halin yanzu (I_F) na 20mA. Ana auna ƙarfin ta amfani da na'urar gani da tacewa wanda ke kusantar da madaidaicin amsawar ido na ɗan adam.
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ_1/2):Darakon 130. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar da aka auna akan tsakiyar axis (0°). Faɗin kusurwar kallo kamar wannan ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai faɗi, maimakon hasken da aka mai da hankali.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsinkaya (λ_P):632.0 nm. Wannan shine tsawon tsinkaya inda fitarwar ƙarfin haske ya fi girma.
• Tsawon Tsinkaya Mai Girma (λ_d):617.0 zuwa 631.0 nm a I_F=20mA. An samo wannan daga zanen launi na CIE kuma yana wakiltar tsawon tsinkaya guda wanda ya fi bayyana launin hasken da aka gani. Kewayon yana nuna yuwuwar bambance-bambance tsakanin raka'a.
• Faɗin Ramin Tsinkaya (Δλ):20 nm. Wannan yana nuna faɗin tsinkaya, wanda aka auna shi azaman cikakken faɗi a rabin madaidaicin fitarwa.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):1.7 zuwa 2.5 V a I_F=20mA. Wannan shine raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin aiki. Kewayon yana lissafin bambance-bambancen masana'antu na yau da kullun a cikin kayan semiconductor.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R):10 μA mafi girma a ƙarfin lantarki na baya (V_R) na 5V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba

Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske ga samfuran ƙarshe, ana rarraba LED zuwa rukunin aiki bayan masana'anta.

3.1 Lambar Rukunin Ƙarfin Hasken

Ga LTST-C190KEKT mai launin ja, an rarraba ƙarfin haske zuwa rukunoni kamar haka, an auna su a 20mA:

• Lambar Rukuni N:Mafi ƙanƙanta 28.0 mcd, Mafi girma 45.0 mcd.
• Lambar Rukuni P:Mafi ƙanƙanta 45.0 mcd, Mafi girma 71.0 mcd.
• Lambar Rukuni Q:Mafi ƙanƙanta 71.0 mcd, Mafi girma 112.0 mcd.

Ana amfani da jurewar +/-15% akan iyakokin kowane rukuni. Wannan rarrabuwa yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar LED tare da tabbataccen mafi ƙarancin haske don aikace-aikacensu, wanda yake da mahimmanci don samun kamanni iri ɗaya a cikin jerin LED masu yawa.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lanƙwasa a cikin takardun bayanai (misali, a shafi na 5/11), ana bincika ma'anarsu ta yau da kullun a nan.

4.1 Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Halin I-V na LED ba shi da layi. Ga kayan AlInGaP da aka yi amfani da su a nan, madaidaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana tsakanin 1.7V zuwa 2.5V a 20mA. Lanƙwasa ta nuna cewa ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki bayan bakin kofa yana haifar da saurin ƙaruwa a cikin halin yanzu. Saboda haka, dole ne a motsa LED ta hanyar tushen da ke da iyaka, ba tushen ƙarfin lantarki ba, don hana guduwar zafi da lalacewa.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba

Fitowar haske (ƙarfin haske) yana daidai da halin yanzu na gaba a cikin babban kewayon aiki. Duk da haka, yuwuwar iya aiki na iya raguwa a halin yanzu mai yawa saboda ƙaruwar samar da zafi a cikin guntu. Yin aiki a ko ƙasa da shawarar yanayin gwaji na 20mA yana tabbatar da mafi kyawun aiki da tsawon rai.

4.3 Rarraba Tsinkaya

Tsinkayan fitarwa yana tsakiyar kusan 632 nm (kololuwa) tare da rabin faɗin kusan 20 nm. Wannan yana bayyana launin ja mai tsafta. Tsawon tsinkaya mai girma (617-631 nm) yana ƙayyade launin da aka gani. Bambance-bambance a cikin wannan kewayon na al'ada ne kuma ana sarrafa su ta hanyar masana'antu.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin da Gano Polarity

LED yana cikin daidaitaccen kunshin SMD. Launin ruwan tabarau yana da haske, yayin da tushen haske ke fitar da hasken ja daga guntun AlInGaP. Duk girmansu an ba da su a cikin milimita tare da daidaitaccen jurewar ±0.1 mm sai dai idan an faɗi. Kunshin ya haɗa da fasaloli don daidaitaccen alkibla (polarity) yayin sanyawa, yawanci ana nuna shi ta hanyar alama a jiki ko siffar da ba ta dace ba. Daidaitaccen polarity yana da mahimmanci don na'urar ta yi aiki.

5.2 Tsarin Pad ɗin PCB da Aka Shawarta

An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa (sawun ƙafa) don PCB don tabbatar da samar da haɗin gwiwar solder daidai, kwanciyar hankali na injiniya, da sarrafa zafi yayin da bayan aikin reflow. Yin bin wannan ƙira yana da mahimmanci don samun haɗin gwiwar solder amintacce da sarrafa zafin haɗin gwiwar LED ta hanyar alamun PCB.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Ma'auni na Reflow Solder

Na'urar ta dace da hanyoyin IR reflow solder, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don haɗawa mara gubar. An ba da shawarar bayyanannen, wanda ya bi ka'idojin JEDEC. Ma'auni masu mahimmanci sun haɗa da:

• Pre-heat:150°C zuwa 200°C.
• Lokacin Pre-heat:Mafi ƙarancin dakika 120.
• Matsakaicin Zazzabi:Mafi ƙarancin 260°C.
• Lokacin Sama da Liquidus (a kololuwa):Mafi ƙarancin dakika 10. Na'urar na iya jure wannan bayyanannen har sau biyu kawai.

An jaddada cewa mafi kyawun bayyanannen ya dogara da takamaiman ƙirar PCB, abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, man solder, da tanda. Ana ba da shawarar siffanta takamaiman aikace-aikacen.

6.2 Solder na Hannu (Ƙarfe Solder)

Idan solder na hannu ya zama dole, dole ne a yi taka tsantsan:

• Zazzabin Ƙarfe:Mafi ƙarancin 300°C.
• Lokacin Solder:Mafi ƙarancin dakika 3 a kowane pad.
• Mita:Wannan yakamata a yi shi sau ɗaya kawai don guje wa damuwa na zafi.

6.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Ajiya daidai yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye iya solder da amincin na'urar.

• Kunshin da aka Rufe (Jakar Kariya daga Danshi):Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤90% Danshi (RH). Tsawon rayuwar shinge shine shekara guda idan an ajiye shi a cikin jakar kariya ta asali tare da desiccant.
• Kunshin da aka Buɗe:Yanayin yanayi bai kamata ya wuce 30°C ko 60% RH ba. Abubuwan da aka cire daga marufinsu na asali yakamata a yi musu IR-reflow a cikin mako guda (daidai da Matakin Hankali na Danshi 3, MSL 3). Don ajiya mai tsawo a waje da jakar asali, yi amfani da akwati mai rufi tare da desiccant ko nitrogen desiccator. Abubuwan da aka ajiye a buɗe fiye da mako guda suna buƙatar gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin solder don cire danshin da aka sha kuma don hana "popcorning" yayin reflow.

6.4 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, kawai yakamata a yi amfani da kaushi da aka ƙayyade. Tsoma LED a cikin barasa ko isopropyl alcohol a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya yana da kyau. Sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba na iya lalata fakitin filastik ko ruwan tabarau.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

7.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Motsa jiki

LED na'urar aiki ce ta halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske, musamman lokacin da ake amfani da LED da yawa a layi daya, kowace LED yakamata ta sami nasa resistor mai iyakancewa halin yanzu wanda aka haɗa a jere. Ƙimar resistor (R) ana ƙididdige ta ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_supply- V_F) / I_F, inda V_Fshine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED a halin yanzu da ake so I_F. Yin amfani da resistor gama gari don LED masu layi daya ba a ba da shawarar ba saboda bambance-bambance a cikin V na kowane mutum_F, wanda zai iya haifar da bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin halin yanzu don haka haske.

7.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Yayin da rushewar wutar lantarki ta kasance ƙasa kaɗan (75mW mafi girma), ƙirar zafi mai dacewa tana tsawaita rayuwar LED kuma tana kiyaye fitowar haske mai tsayi. Tabbatar da amfani da shawarar tsarin pad ɗin PCB yana taimakawa wajen fitar da zafi daga haɗin gwiwar LED. Yin aiki da LED a halin yanzu ƙasa da mafi girman ƙimar 30mA DC zai rage zafin haɗin gwiwa kuma ya inganta amincin dogon lokaci.

7.3 Kariya daga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

LED suna da hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki da ƙaruwar ƙarfin lantarki. Ana buƙatar taka tsantsan don hana lalacewa ko lalacewa. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da abin wuya na ƙasa ko safar hannu na anti-static lokacin sarrafa na'urorin. Duk kayan aiki, gami da tashoshi na aiki da ƙarfe solder, dole ne a kafa su da kyau.

8. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

8.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

LTST-C190KEKT ana ba da shi daidai akan tef mai faɗin 8mm wanda aka nannade akan reels masu diamita 7-inch (178mm). Wannan kunshin ya bi ka'idojin ANSI/EIA-481 don sarrafa atomatik.

• Adadin kowane Reel:Guda 4000.
• Mafi ƙarancin Adadin Oda (MOQ) na Saura:Guda 500.
• Rufin Aljihu:Aljihun abubuwan da ba kowa a kan tef ɗin ana rufe su da tef ɗin rufi na sama.
• Abubuwan da ba su nan:Mafi girman adadin fitilun da ba su nan a jere akan reel shine biyu.

An ba da cikakkun zane-zane masu girma don aljihun tef da reel a cikin takardun bayanai don saitin inji da tabbatar da dacewa.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

LTST-C190KEKT yana amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar LED ja na GaAsP, AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen haske sosai, yana haifar da fitarwa mai haske don irin wannan halin yanzu. Hakanan yawanci yana ba da mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali na zafi na fitowar haske da tsawon tsinkaya. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na 130° zaɓin ƙira ne wanda ya bambanta shi da LED masu ƙunƙuntaccen katako, yana mai da shi cikakke don hasken yanki da alamomin matsayi waɗanda ke buƙatar ganin su daga kusurwoyi masu yawa.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

10.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin Tsawon Tsinkaya da Tsawon Tsinkaya Mai Girma?

Tsawon Tsinkaya (λ_P):Takamaiman tsawon tsinkaya inda LED ke fitar da mafi yawan ƙarfin haske. Ma'auni ne na zahiri daga tsinkaya.
Tsawon Tsinkaya Mai Girma (λ_d):Ƙimar da aka ƙididdige daga ginshiƙin launi na CIE wanda ya dace da launin hasken da idon ɗan adam ya gani. Ga tushen launi ɗaya kamar LED ja, sau da yawa suna kusa, amma λ_dshine ma'aunin da ake amfani da shi don ƙayyadaddun launi da rarrabawa.

10.2 Me yasa ake buƙatar resistor mai iyakancewa halin yanzu ko da na ba LED ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na yau da kullun?

Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) yana da kewayon jurewa (1.7V zuwa 2.5V). Idan ka yi amfani da 2.0V akai-akai, LED tare da ƙananan V_Fna 1.7V na iya ɗaukar halin yanzu mai yawa, yayin da wanda ke da babban V_Fna 2.5V bazai haskaka ko kaɗan ba. Mafi mahimmanci, V_Fyana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zazzabi. Tushen ƙarfin lantarki akai-akai na iya haifar da guduwar zafi: yayin da LED ke zafi, V_Fya faɗi, halin yanzu yana ƙaruwa, yana haifar da ƙarin zafi, yana ƙara faɗuwar V_F, har sai ya gaza. Resistor na jere (ko, mafi kyau, direban halin yanzu akai-akai) yana ba da ra'ayi mara kyau, yana daidaita wurin aiki.

10.3 Zan iya motsa wannan LED tare da siginar dabaru 3.3V ko 5V kai tsaye?

A'a. Haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa fil ɗin fitarwa na dijital 3.3V ko 5V zai sanya wannan ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED. Tare da V na yau da kullun_Fna ~2.0V, ƙarin ƙarfin lantarki zai haifar da halin yanzu mai yawa sosai, wanda ke iyakance ta ƙaramin ƙarfin ciki na guntu da filin fitarwa, mai yuwuwa zai lalata LED nan take. Dole ne koyaushe ka yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa halin yanzu a jere lokacin motsa LED daga tushen ƙarfin lantarki.

11. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki

Yanayi: Ƙirar allon nuna matsayi na LED masu yawa don na'urar sadarwa.
Allon yana buƙatar LED 5 ja don nuna wutar lantarki, haɗin intanet, aikin Wi-Fi, da sauransu. Tsarin yana amfani da layin wutar lantarki na 3.3V.
Matakan Ƙira:
1. Zaɓi Halin Yanzu na Aiki:Zaɓi I_F= 20mA, wanda shine daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji kuma yana ba da haske mai kyau a cikin yankin aiki mai aminci.
2. Ƙididdige Ƙimar Resistor:Yi amfani da mafi girman V_Fdaga takardun bayanai (2.5V) don ƙira mai ra'ayin mazan jiya wanda ke tabbatar da duk LED suna haskaka ko da tare da sassa masu babban V_F. R = (3.3V - 2.5V) / 0.020A = 40 Ohms. Mafi kusancin ƙimar daidaitaccen shine 39 Ohms ko 43 Ohms.
3. Duba Wutar Lantarki a cikin Resistor: P_R= I_F²* R = (0.02)²* 39 = 0.0156W. Daidaitaccen resistor 1/10W (0.1W) ya fi isa.
4. Tsarin Da'ira:Aiwatar da da'irori iri ɗaya guda biyar, kowanne yana da LED ɗaya da resistor 39-ohm a jere, duk an haɗa su tsakanin layin wutar lantarki na 3.3V da filayen GPIO na microcontroller da aka saita azaman fitarwa. Motsa fili ƙasa (0V) zai kammala da'irar kuma ya kunna LED.
5. Ƙirar PCB:Yi amfani da shawarar tsarin ƙasa daga takardun bayanai. Tabbatar da isasshen faɗin alama don halin yanzu na 20mA.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

LEDs na'urorin semiconductor ne waɗanda ke fitar da haske ta hanyar aikin da ake kira electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin p-n na kayan semiconductor (a wannan yanayin, AlInGaP), electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da wani electron ya sake haɗuwa da rami, yana faɗuwa daga babban matakin makamashi a cikin band ɗin gudanarwa zuwa ƙananan matakin makamashi a cikin band ɗin valence. An saki bambancin makamashi a cikin nau'in photon (ɓangaren haske). Tsawon tsinkaya (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor, wanda shine ainihin dukiya na haɗin AlInGaP da aka yi amfani da shi a nan, yana haifar da fitar da hasken ja.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Masana'antar optoelectronics na ci gaba da haɓaka tare da wasu mahimman abubuwan da suka shafi SMD LEDs kamar LTST-C190KEKT. Akwai ci gaba na ƙara ingantaccen haske (ƙarin fitowar haske a kowace wutar lantarki), wanda ke inganta ingancin makamashi. Ƙananan ƙira ya kasance mai mahimmanci, yana tura ƙananan girman fakitin yayin kiyayewa ko inganta aikin gani. Ingantaccen aminci da tsawon rayuwar aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban suma manyan manufofin ci gaba ne. Bugu da ƙari, ƙuntataccen jurewar rarrabawa don launi da haske suna zama ma'auni don biyan buƙatun ingantaccen nuni da aikace-aikacen haske inda daidaiton launi ya fi mahimmanci.