SMD LED 0603 Blue Datasheet - Dimensions 1.6x0.8x0.6mm - Voltage 2.8-3.8V - Power 76mW - English Technical Document

1. Product Overview

This document provides the complete technical specifications for a surface-mount device (SMD) light-emitting diode (LED) in the 0603 package size. The device features a water-clear lens and utilizes an InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) semiconductor structure to emit blue light. It is designed for automated assembly processes and is compatible with various reflow soldering techniques, making it suitable for high-volume electronics manufacturing.

1.1 Core Features and Advantages

The LED is characterized by several key features that enhance its usability and reliability in modern electronic applications. It is compliant with RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) directives, classifying it as a green product. The components are supplied in industry-standard 8mm tape on 7-inch diameter reels, facilitating compatibility with automated pick-and-place equipment. This packaging standard ensures efficient handling and reduces the risk of damage during the assembly process. The device is also designed to withstand the thermal profiles of both infrared (IR) and vapor phase reflow soldering processes, which are common in lead-free (Pb-free) assembly lines. Its package conforms to EIA (Electronic Industries Alliance) standards, and its electrical characteristics are compatible with standard integrated circuit (IC) drive levels.

1.2 Aikace-aikacen Manufa da Kasuwa

Wannan LED na SMD shuɗi an yi niyya ne don amfani da shi a cikin kayan aikin lantarki na yau da kullun. Aikace-aikacen yau da kullun sun haɗa da alamomin yanayi, hasken baya don ƙananan nuni, hasken panel, da hasken kayan ado a cikin kayan lantarki na mabukaci, kayan aikin sarrafa ofis, na'urorin sadarwa, da kayan aikin gida. Ƙananan siffarsa da amincinsa sun sa ya zama abu mai fa'ida ga masu ƙira waɗanda ke neman ƙananan mafita na haske mai inganci. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa wannan LED ba a ƙayyadad da shi musamman don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar aminci na musamman inda gazawar za ta iya haifar da haɗari ga rayuwa ko lafiya, kamar a cikin jiragen sama, tsarin tallafin rayuwa na likita, ko sarrafa sufuri mai mahimmanci ga aminci. Don irin waɗannan aikace-aikace, tuntuɓar masana'anta don samfuran musamman ya zama dole.

2. Technical Parameters: In-Depth Objective Interpretation

A thorough understanding of the electrical and optical parameters is crucial for successful circuit design and reliable operation.

2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Wadannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki da LED a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan da suka wuce waɗannan ƙimar ba. An ƙayyade ƙididdiga mafi girma na cikakke a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C.

• Power Dissipation (Pd): 76 mW. This is the maximum amount of power the LED package can dissipate as heat.
• Peak Forward Current (I_F(peak)): 100 mA. This current can only be applied under pulsed conditions with a 1/10 duty cycle and a pulse width of 0.1ms. Exceeding this in DC operation will cause damage.
• DC Forward Current (I_F): 20 mA. This is the recommended continuous forward current for normal operation.
• Derating: The maximum allowable DC forward current decreases linearly above 50°C ambient temperature at a rate of 0.25 mA per °C. This is critical for thermal management.
• Reverse Voltage (V_R): 5 V. Applying a reverse voltage higher than this can damage the LED junction. The datasheet explicitly notes that reverse voltage operation cannot be continuous.
• Operating Temperature Range: -20°C to +80°C. The device is guaranteed to function within this ambient temperature range.
• Storage Temperature Range: -30°C to +100°C.
• Soldering Conditions: The LED can withstand wave soldering at 260°C for 5 seconds, IR reflow at 260°C for 5 seconds, and vapor phase reflow at 215°C for 3 minutes.

2.2 Electrical & Optical Characteristics

These are the typical performance parameters measured at Ta=25°C and I_F=20mA, unless otherwise stated.

• Luminous Intensity (I_V): 28.0 to 180.0 mcd (millicandela). The wide range indicates the device is available in different brightness bins (see Section 3). Measurement is done with a filter approximating the CIE photopic eye-response curve.
• Viewing Angle (2θ_1/2): 130 degrees. This is the full angle at which the luminous intensity is half of the intensity measured on the central axis (0°). A wide viewing angle is typical for LEDs with a water-clear, non-diffused lens.
• Peak Emission Wavelength (λ_P): 468 nm. This is the wavelength at which the spectral power distribution is at its maximum.
• Dominant Wavelength (λ_d): 465.0 to 475.0 nm. This is the single wavelength perceived by the human eye that defines the color of the light, derived from the CIE chromaticity diagram.
• Spectral Line Half-Width (Δλ): 25 nm. This indicates the spectral bandwidth; a smaller value would indicate a more monochromatic light source.
• Forward Voltage (V_F): 2.80 to 3.80 V. The voltage drop across the LED when driven at 20mA. This parameter is also binned (see Section 3).
• Reverse Current (I_R): 10 μA (max). The leakage current when a reverse voltage of 5V is applied.

3. Binning System Explanation

To ensure consistency in mass production, LEDs are sorted into bins based on key parameters. This allows designers to select parts that meet specific requirements for color and brightness uniformity in their application.

3.1 Forward Voltage Binning

LEDs are categorized by their forward voltage (V_F) at 20mA. The bin codes (D7 to D11) represent voltage ranges with a tolerance of ±0.1V within each bin. For example, bin D8 includes LEDs with V_F between 3.00V and 3.20V. Selecting LEDs from the same voltage bin can help achieve more uniform current sharing when multiple LEDs are connected in parallel.

3.2 Luminous Intensity Binning

This is a critical bin for brightness consistency. The bins (N, P, Q, R) define minimum and maximum luminous intensity values, each with a tolerance of ±15%. Bin N covers 28.0-45.0 mcd, while bin R covers the highest brightness range of 112.0-180.0 mcd. Using LEDs from the same intensity bin is essential for applications where uniform perceived brightness is important.

3.3 Dominant Wavelength Binning

This binning ensures color consistency. The two bins, AC (465.0-470.0 nm) and AD (470.0-475.0 nm), have a tight tolerance of ±1 nm. Bin AC represents a slightly shorter, more pure blue, while bin AD is a slightly longer, slightly greenish-blue. Consistent wavelength selection is key for color-critical indicator applications or when mixing colors.

4. Performance Curve Analysis

While the datasheet references typical characteristic curves, the provided data allows for analysis of performance trends.

4.1 Forward Current vs. Forward Voltage (I-V Curve)

Based on the specified V_F range of 2.8-3.8V at 20mA, the LED exhibits a characteristic exponential I-V curve typical of a diode. The forward voltage has a negative temperature coefficient, meaning it decreases slightly as the junction temperature increases for a given current.

4.2 Luminous Intensity vs. Forward Current

The luminous intensity is approximately proportional to the forward current in the normal operating range (up to 20mA). However, efficiency may drop at very high currents due to increased junction temperature and other non-linear effects. The derating specification above 50°C is directly related to managing this thermal effect to maintain light output and longevity.

4.3 Spectral Distribution

With a peak wavelength of 468 nm and a dominant wavelength range of 465-475 nm, the LED emits in the blue region of the visible spectrum. The spectral half-width of 25 nm indicates a relatively narrow emission band, which is characteristic of InGaN-based blue LEDs.

5. Mechanical & Package Information

5.1 Package Dimensions

The LED uses the industry-standard 0603 package footprint, which nominally measures 1.6mm in length, 0.8mm in width, and 0.6mm in height. All dimensional tolerances are ±0.10mm unless otherwise specified. The package has a water-clear epoxy lens.

5.2 Polarity Identification and Pad Design

Cathode yawanci ana yiwa alama, sau da yawa ta hanyar launin kore a gefen da ya dace na kunshin ko kuma a cikin ramin kaset. Datasheet ya haɗa da girmen ginshiƙan gado da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da ingantaccen haɗin gwiwa da daidaitawar da ta dace yayin sake kunnawa. Bin waɗannan shawarwarin tsarin ƙasa yana da mahimmanci don kyakkyawan yawan siyar da gado da kwanciyar hankali na inji.

6. Soldering & Assembly Guidelines

6.1 Bayanan Siyarwar Sake Kunnawa

Datasheet ina bayar da shawarar hanyoyin reflow na infrared (IR) guda biyu: daya don tsarin al'ada (tin-lead) da kuma daya don tsarin Pb-free ta amfani da man gini na SnAgCu. Tsarin Pb-free yawanci yana da mafi girman zafin jiki (har zuwa 260°C) amma lokaci mai kama da na sama da ruwa. Bin waɗannan hanyoyin yana da mahimmanci don hana lalacewar zafi ga epoxy na LED ko kuma die na semiconductor.

6.2 Cleaning and Storage

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan siyar da guduro, kawai ƙayyadaddun kaushi kamar ethyl alcohol ko isopropyl alcohol ya kamata a yi amfani da su a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata kunshin. Don adanawa, LEDs da aka cire daga jakar shinge na danshi na asali ya kamata a sake karkatar da su cikin mako guda. Don adanawa mai tsawo a waje da marufi na asali, dole ne a adana su a cikin yanayi mai bushewa (misali, tare da desiccant) kuma suna iya buƙatar tsarin gasa (misali, 60°C na awanni 24) kafin haɗawa don cire danshin da aka ɗauka da hana "popcorning" yayin sake karkatarwa.

7. Packaging and Ordering Information

Ana samar da LEDs akan tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin milimita 8 da aka yi wa embossed a kan reels masu diamita 7-inch (178mm). Kowane reel ya ƙunshi guda 3000. Ƙayyadaddun tef da reel sun yi daidai da ANSI/EIA 481-1-A-1994. Aljihun fanko a cikin tef ɗin an rufe su da tef ɗin murfi. Matsakaicin adadin abubuwan da aka ɓace a jere (tsalle) da aka yarda shine biyu. Don adadin da bai kai cikakken reel ba, an ƙayyade mafi ƙarancin adadin shiryawa na guda 500 don ragowar kuri'un.

8. Application Suggestions and Design Considerations

8.1 Drive Circuit Design

LEDs are current-operated devices. The most reliable method to drive multiple LEDs is to use a series current-limiting resistor for each LED (Circuit Model A in the datasheet). This ensures uniform brightness despite variations in the forward voltage (V_F) of individual LEDs. Connecting multiple LEDs directly in parallel without individual resistors (Circuit Model B) is not recommended, as small differences in V_F can cause significant current imbalance, leading to uneven brightness and potential over-current in the LED with the lowest V_F.

8.2 Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection

LED yana da hankali ga zubar da wutar lantarki. Don hana lalacewar ESD yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa, waɗannan matakan kariya ne dole: ma'aikata dole ne su sanya belun wuyan da aka kafa ko safofin hannu masu hana tashin hankali; duk tashoshin aiki, kayan aiki, da kuma shiryayye na ajiya dole ne a kafa su yadda ya kamata; kuma ana ba da shawarar amfani da ionizers don kawar da cajin tsaye a cikin yanayin aiki.

9. Kwatancin Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohin LED, wannan InGaN-based blue LED yana ba da ingantacciyar inganci da haske a cikin ƙaramin fakitin 0603. Dacewarsa tare da tsarin sake karkatarwa mara gubar, mai zafi yana daidaita shi da ka'idojin muhalli na zamani da kuma yanayin masana'antu. Samuwar ƙananan kwandon lantarki da na gani yana ba da damar aikace-aikacen babban daidaici inda daidaito ya fi mahimmanci. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 130 ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai faɗi maimakon wani haske mai mai da hankali.

10. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)

Q: Can I drive this LED with 3.3V directly?
A: E yiyo, amma ba tabbatacce ba. Ƙarfin gaba yana kewayo daga 2.8V zuwa 3.8V. A 3.3V, LED daga rukunin D11 (3.6-3.8V) bazai haskaka ko kaɗan ba, yayin da wanda ke cikin rukunin D7 (2.8-3.0V) zai yi matukar wuce gona da iri. Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jerin don saita halin yanzu daidai zuwa 20mA (ko ƙasa da haka), ba tare da la'akari da ƙarfin wadata ba.

Q: Me yasa akwai irin wannan babban kewayon ƙarfin haske (28 zuwa 180 mcd)?
A: Wannan shine jimillar yaduwar samarwa. Don takamaiman oda, zaɓi kwandon (N, P, Q, R) don samun ƙaramin kewayon. Wannan tsarin binning yana tabbatar da cewa kuna karɓar LEDs tare da daidaitaccen haske don aikin ku.

Q: Ta yaya zan sami daidaitaccen launi a cikin samfura na?
A: Yi odar LEDs daga rukunin Tsayayyen Tsayin Tsaki (ko dai AC ko AD). Haɗa rukunoni na iya haifar da bambance-bambancen shuɗi da ake iya gani.

11. Zane mai Amfani da Shari'ar Amfani

Scenario: Zana allon nuna matsayi tare da LEDs shuɗi 10.
1. Brightness Requirement: Decide on the required brightness. For a high-ambient-light environment, select bin Q or R (71-180 mcd). For a dim environment, bin N or P may suffice.
2. Color Consistency: Specify a single Dominant Wavelength bin (e.g., AC) to ensure all indicators are the same shade of blue.
3. Circuit Design: Use a 5V supply. Calculate the series resistor for each LED: R = (V_supply - V_F) / I_F. Using the worst-case V_F from your selected voltage bin (e.g., D9 max of 3.4V), R = (5V - 3.4V) / 0.020A = 80 Ohms. Use the nearest standard value (82 Ohms). This ensures no LED exceeds 20mA even if its V_F is at the low end of the bin.
4. Layout: Follow the suggested pad layout from the datasheet for reliable soldering.
5. Assembly: Follow the recommended Pb-free reflow profile if applicable. Store opened reels in a dry cabinet if not used immediately.

12. Operating Principle Introduction

This LED is based on a semiconductor heterostructure made of Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN). When a forward voltage is applied, electrons and holes are injected into the active region where they recombine. This recombination process releases energy in the form of photons (light). The specific composition of the InGaN alloy determines the bandgap energy, which directly corresponds to the wavelength (color) of the emitted light. For blue emission, a material with a relatively wide bandgap (~2.7 eV) is required. The water-clear epoxy lens serves to protect the semiconductor die and shape the light output, resulting in the wide viewing angle.

13. Technology Trends and Developments

The development of efficient blue LEDs based on InGaN was a foundational achievement in solid-state lighting, enabling the creation of white LEDs (via phosphor conversion) and full-color displays. Current trends in SMD LEDs like this 0603 type continue to focus on increasing luminous efficacy (more light output per electrical watt), improving color rendering and consistency, and enhancing reliability under higher temperature operating conditions. There is also ongoing development in miniaturization beyond the 0603 size (e.g., 0402, 0201 packages) for ultra-compact devices, as well as integration of control electronics within the LED package itself for "smart" lighting solutions. The drive for higher efficiency and lower cost per lumen remains a central theme in the industry.