Bayanin Fasaha na SMD LED 0603 Blue - Girma 1.6x0.8x0.8mm - Ƙarfin Lantarki 2.8-3.8V - Ƙarfin Wuta 80mW - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na Na'urar Haske mai ƙyalli (LED) da ake hawa a saman kayan lantarki (SMD) a cikin daidaitaccen girman fakitin 0603. Na'urar tana fitar da hasken shuɗi ta amfani da kayan Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN). An tsara ta don tsarin haɗa kayan lantarki ta atomatik kuma tana dacewa da gyarawar lantarki ta infrared reflow, wanda ya sa ta dace da masana'antar kera kayan lantarki mai yawa.

1.1 Muhimman Siffofi da Fa'idodi

LED tana ba da siffofi da yawa waɗanda ke haɓaka amfani da amincinta a cikin ƙirar lantarki na zamani. Tana bin umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa masu haɗari), wanda ya sanya ta a matsayin samfurin kore. Ana ba da kayan a cikin daidaitaccen tef ɗin 8mm akan reels masu diamita 7-inch, wanda ke sauƙaƙe sarrafa su ta atomatik. Ƙirarta tana dacewa da I.C. (Integrated Circuit), wanda ke ba da damar haɗa su cikin sauri a cikin da'irori na dijital da na analog.

1.2 Aikace-aikacen da Ake Nufi

Ana amfani da wannan LED a cikin na'urorin lantarki na gabaɗaya. Aikace-aikacen da aka saba yi sun haɗa da alamomin yanayi, hasken baya don ƙananan nuni, hasken panel, da hasken ado a cikin na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, na'urorin sadarwa, da kayan aikin ofis. Ƙananan girmanta da amincinta sun sa ta zama zaɓi mai yawa don ƙirar da ke da ƙarancin sarari.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

Ana ƙayyade duk ma'auni a yanayin zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Fahimtar waɗannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira mai kyau da kuma tabbatar da aiki na dogon lokaci.

2.1 Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Gabaɗaya

Waɗannan ma'auni suna bayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a nufin su don ci gaba da aiki ba.

• Rushewar Ƙarfin Wuta (Pd):80 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar da fakitin LED zai iya fitarwa a matsayin zafi.
• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (IFP):100 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na nan take da aka yarda, yawanci ana ƙayyade shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms) don hana yin zafi sosai.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na DC na Gaba (IF):20 mA. Wannan shine shawarar matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba don aiki mai aminci.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-40°C zuwa +85°C. An tabbatar da cewa na'urar za ta yi aiki a cikin wannan kewayon zafin yanayi.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +100°C. Ana iya adana na'urar ba tare da lalacewa ba a cikin waɗannan iyakokin.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da na Gani

Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na yau da kullun na aiki a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji.

• Ƙarfin Haske (Iv):Ya bambanta daga 140 mcd (mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 450 mcd (mafi girma) a ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (IF) na 20 mA. Ana auna ƙarfin ta amfani da firikwensin da aka tace don dacewa da amsawar idon ɗan adam (lanƙwasa CIE).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Digiri 120. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimarsa da aka auna akan tsakiyar axis. Babban kusurwar dubawa kamar wannan yana ba da haske mai faɗi, mai yaduwa.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsinkaya (λP):468 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan shine tsawon tsinkaya inda fitar da ƙarfin haske ya fi girma.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsinkaya (λd):Ya bambanta daga 465 nm zuwa 475 nm a IF=20mA. Wannan shine tsawon tsinkaya guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ke gani wanda ke bayyana launin hasken, wanda aka samo daga zanen launi na CIE.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Haske (Δλ):25 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan ma'auni yana nuna tsaftar haske ko faɗin hasken da aka fitar.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Ya bambanta daga 2.8 V (mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 3.8 V (mafi girma) a IF=20mA. Wannan shine raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da yake gudanar da ƙarfin lantarki.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (IR):10 μA (matsakaici) a Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR) na 5V. Ba a tsara na'urar don aiki na baya ba; wannan ma'auni ne don siffanta ƙarfin lantarki na yoyo kawai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa mai yawa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon aiki bisa mahimman ma'auni. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka dace da takamaiman buƙatu don daidaiton launi da haske a aikace-aikacensu.

3.1 Binning na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba

Ana yiwa kwandon lakabi D7 zuwa D11, kowanne yana ɗauke da kewayon 0.2V daga 2.8V zuwa 3.8V a 20mA. Haƙuri a cikin kowane kwandon shine ±0.1V. Zaɓin LED daga kwandon ƙarfin lantarki iri ɗaya yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye rabon ƙarfin lantarki daidai lokacin da aka haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya.

1.3.2 Binning na Ƙarfin Haske

Ana yiwa kwandon lakabi R2, S1, S2, T1, da T2. Ƙarfin ya bambanta daga 140 mcd (R2 mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 450 mcd (T2 mafi girma) a 20mA. Haƙuri akan kowane kwandon ƙarfi shine ±11%. Wannan binning yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar matakan haske iri ɗaya a cikin alamomi da yawa.

3.3 Binning na Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsinkaya

Ana yiwa kwandon lakabi AC (465-470 nm) da AD (470-475 nm). Haƙuri ga kowane kwandon shine ±1 nm. Wannan yana tabbatar da sarrafa launin shuɗi da aka gani sosai, wanda ke da mahimmanci don daidaita launi a cikin jerin LED da yawa ko tsarin hasken baya.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa na Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman zane-zane a cikin takardar bayanai (misali, Hoto.1, Hoto.5), lanƙwasa na yau da kullun don irin waɗannan na'urori suna ba da mahimman bayanai na ƙira.

4.1 Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Dangantakar tana da ƙima. Ƙaramin ƙari a cikin ƙarfin lantarki bayan bakin kofa yana haifar da babban ƙari a cikin ƙarfin lantarki. Saboda haka, dole ne a motsa LED ta hanyar tushen da ke da iyaka, ba tushen ƙarfin lantarki akai-akai ba, don hana guduwar zafi da lalacewa.

4.2 Ƙarfin Haske vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba

Ƙarfin haske yana kusan daidai da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Duk da haka, yuwuwar iyawa na iya raguwa a ƙarfin lantarki mai yawa saboda ƙarin samar da zafi a cikin haɗin semiconductor.

4.3 Rarraba Haske

Hasken da aka fitar yana tsakiya a kusa da matsakaicin tsawon tsinkaya (468 nm na yau da kullun) tare da rabin faɗi na halaye. Matsakaicin tsawon tsinkaya yana ƙayyade launin da aka gani. Bambance-bambance a cikin masana'antu da ƙarfin tuƙi na iya haifar da ƙananan canje-canje a cikin waɗannan halayen haske.

4.4 Dogaro da Zazzabi

Aikin LED yana da hankali ga zafin jiki. Yawanci, ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana raguwa tare da ƙara zafin haɗin gwiwa, yayin da ƙarfin haske shima yana raguwa. Yin aiki da LED a cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon zafinsa yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye aiki da tsawon rai.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Na'ura

LED ya yi daidai da daidaitaccen fakitin EIA 0603. Muhimman girma sun haɗa da tsawon jiki kusan 1.6 mm, faɗin 0.8 mm, da tsayin 0.8 mm. Ya kamata a duba cikakkun zane-zane na injiniya don daidaitaccen shimfidar pad da haƙƙin sanyawa, waɗanda galibi suke ±0.2 mm.

5.2 Gano Polarity

Ana yiwa cathode alama, sau da yawa ta launin kore a gefen ruwan tabarau ko tsaga a cikin fakitin. Daidaitaccen alkiblar polarity wajibi ne yayin haɗawa don tabbatar da aiki mai kyau.

5.3 Shawarar Ƙirar Pad na PCB

Ana ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa wanda ya fi girman ƙafar na'ura don tabbatar da haɗin gyarawa mai aminci. Takardar bayanai tana ba da takamaiman zanen shimfidar pad wanda aka inganta don hanyoyin gyarawa na infrared ko tururi, wanda ke taimakawa hana tombstoning (kayan aiki suna tsaye a ƙarshen ɗaya) yayin sake kwarara.

6. Jagororin Gyarawa da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Gyarawa na Reflow

Na'urar tana dacewa da hanyoyin gyarawa na infrared reflow. Ana ba da shawarar bayanin gyarawa mara gubar wanda ya dace da J-STD-020B. Muhimman ma'auni sun haɗa da zafin jiki na riga-kafi na 150-200°C, matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba, da lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (TAL) wanda aka keɓance don takamaiman manna gyarawa. Ya kamata a iyakance jimlar lokacin riga-kafi zuwa matsakaicin dakika 120.

6.2 Gyarawar Hannu

Idan gyarawar hannu ya zama dole, yi amfani da ƙarfe mai gyarawa wanda zafinsa bai wuce 300°C ba. Ya kamata a iyakance lokacin gyarawa zuwa matsakaicin dakika 3 a kowane pad, kuma wannan ya kamata a yi sau ɗaya kawai don rage matsin lamba na zafi akan kayan.

6.3 Ajiya da Sarrafawa

Maras Buɗe Marufi:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤70% Yanayin Yanayi (RH). Tsawon rai a cikin jakar hana danshi tare da busassun abu shine shekara guda.
Buɗe Marufi:Don sassan da aka fallasa zuwa iskar yanayi, yanayin ajiya bai kamata ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Ana ba da shawarar sosai a kammala tsarin sake kwarara na IR cikin sa'o'i 168 (7 kwanaki) na buɗe jakar. Don ajiya mai tsawo a waje da ainihin marufi, ajiye a cikin akwati mai rufi tare da busassun abu ko a cikin yanayin nitrogen. Ya kamata a gasa sassan da aka ajiye fiye da sa'o'i 168 a kusan 60°C na aƙalla awanni 48 kafin gyarawa don cire danshin da aka sha da kuma hana \"popcorning\" (fashewar fakitin saboda saurin faɗaɗawar tururi yayin sake kwarara).

6.4 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftace allon da aka haɗa, yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi kawai. Tsoma LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin daki na ƙasa da minti ɗaya yana da kyau. Kada a yi amfani da masu tsaftacewa na sinadarai waɗanda ba a bayyana ba saboda suna iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy ko fakitin.

7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Ana ba da LED akan tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin 8mm wanda aka nannade akan reels masu diamita 7-inch (178 mm). Kowace reel tana ƙunshe da guda 2000. Aljihun tef ɗin an rufe shi da tef ɗin saman kariya. Marufi yana bin ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481. Don adadin ƙasa da cikakken reel, matsakaicin adadin shiryawa na guda 500 ya shafi ragowar kuri'u.

7.2 Tabbacin Inganci akan Tef

Matsakaicin adadin abubuwan da ba a taɓa samun su ba (aljihun fanko) akan reel shine biyu, yana tabbatar da daidaito don masu ciyar da atomatik.

8. La'akari da Ƙirar Aikace-aikace

8.1 Hanyar Tuƙi

LED na'ura ce mai sarrafa ƙarfin lantarki. Don tabbatar da haske iri ɗaya, musamman lokacin haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya, kowace LED ya kamata a motsa ta da nasa resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki. Tuƙi LED a jere tare da tushen ƙarfin lantarki akai-akai sau da yawa hanya ce mai aminci don cimma ƙarfi iri ɗaya, saboda ƙarfin lantarki iri ɗaya yana gudana ta cikin duk na'urori a cikin kirtani.

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Ko da yake raguwar wuta yana da ƙasa (80mW matsakaici), daidaitaccen shimfidar PCB na iya taimakawa wajen kawar da zafi. Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla da aka haɗa zuwa pad ɗin zafi (idan akwai) ko alamun cathode/anode don zama mai sanyaya zafi, musamman lokacin aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma ko kusa da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki.

8.3 Kariya ta Lantarki

Yi la'akari da ƙara diodes na murƙushe ƙarfin lantarki na ɗan lokaci (TVS) ko wasu da'irori na kariya idan LED yana haɗe zuwa layukan da ke da saurin kamuwa da ƙarfin lantarki ko fitar da lantarki (ESD). LED yana da ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki na baya kuma ana iya lalata shi cikin sauƙi ta hanyar baya ko yanayin wuce gona da iri.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

9.1 Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga fitarwar dabaru na 5V ko 3.3V?

A'a. Dole ne ka yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki a jere. Za'a iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor da ake buƙata (R) ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vcc - VF) / IF, inda Vcc shine ƙarfin lantarkin ku (misali, 5V), VF shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED (yi amfani da matsakaicin ƙimar daga kwandon, misali, 3.8V), kuma IF shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da kuke so (misali, 20mA). Misali: R = (5V - 3.8V) / 0.02A = 60 Ohms. Koyaushe zaɓi ƙimar resistor na gaba mafi girma kuma tabbatar da raguwar wuta a cikin resistor.

9.2 Me ya sa akwai ƙayyadaddun kusurwar dubawa, kuma ta yaya zan yi amfani da ita?

Kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120 tana nuna cewa wannan LED ne mai faɗin kusurwa. Fitowar haske tana yaduwa maimakon mayar da hankali zuwa ƙaramin katako. Wannan yana da kyau ga alamomin yanayi waɗanda ke buƙatar ganin su daga wurare da yawa. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar katako mai jagora, ruwan tabarau ko LED mai ƙunƙuntacciyar kusurwar dubawa zai fi dacewa.

9.3 Menene bambanci tsakanin Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsinkaya da Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsinkaya?

Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsinkaya (λP)shine tsawon tsinkaya na zahiri inda fitar da haske ya fi ƙarfi.Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsinkaya (λd)ƙima ce da aka ƙididdige bisa yadda idon ɗan adam ke fahimtar launi; shine tsawon tsinkaya guda ɗaya wanda zai bayyana yana da launi iri ɗaya da fitarwar LED. Don LED masu launi ɗaya kamar wannan shuɗi, sau da yawa suna kusa, amma matsakaicin tsawon tsinkaya shine ma'auni mai mahimmanci don daidaita launi.

9.4 Aikace-aikacena yana buƙatar launin shuɗi mai daidaito sosai. Me ya kamata in ƙayyade?

Ya kamata ka ƙayyade matsakaicin tsawon tsinkaya mai ƙarfi, kamar neman duk sassa daga kwandon \"AC\" (465-470 nm) ko \"AD\" (470-475 nm). Wannan yana tabbatar da ƙaramin bambancin launi tsakanin LED daban-daban a cikin samfurin ku.

10. Nazarin Ƙira da Amfani

10.1 Panel na Alamar Yanayi na LED da yawa

Yanayi:Ƙirar panel ɗin sarrafawa tare da alamomin yanayi na shuɗi 10 waɗanda dole ne su kasance da haske iri ɗaya.
Hanyar Ƙira:
1. Da'ira:Yi amfani da haɗin jere don daidaito. Tare da samar da 24V, haɗa LED 5 a jere a kowane kirtani (5 * 3.8V matsakaici = 19V), ta amfani da kirtani iri ɗaya biyu a layi daya. Direba mai ƙarfin lantarki akai-akai ɗaya ko resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki ga kowane kirtani yana ƙididdige bisa ga jimlar raguwar ƙarfin lantarki na kirtani.
2. Zaɓin Kayan Aiki:Ƙayyade LED daga kwandon Ƙarfin Haske iri ɗaya (misali, duk daga kwandon T1: 280-355 mcd) da kuma kwandon Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsinkaya iri ɗaya (misali, duk kwandon AC) don tabbatar da daidaiton gani.
3. Shimfidawa:Sanya LED a kan PCB daidai gwargwado. Tabbatar da an yi amfani da lissafin pad da aka ba da shawarar don haɓaka gyarawa mai aminci da daidaitaccen jeri.

11. Gabatarwar Fasaha

11.1 Fasahar Semiconductor na InGaN

Wannan LED tana amfani da Layer mai aiki na Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN). Ta hanyar bambanta rabon indium zuwa gallium a cikin lattice crystal, ana iya daidaita bandgap na semiconductor, wanda kai tsaye yana ƙayyade tsawon tsinkaya (launi) na hasken da aka fitar. InGaN shine kayan da aka fi amfani da su don samar da LED masu inganci na shuɗi, kore, da fari (na ƙarshe ta amfani da LED shuɗi tare da murfin phosphor). Fakitin 0603 yana ɗauke da ƙananan semiconductor die, igiyoyin waya, da ruwan tabarau na epoxy wanda ke kare die da kuma tsara fitarwar haske.

12. Trends na Masana'antu

12.1 Ƙananan da Haɗawa

Trend a cikin SMD LED yana ci gaba zuwa ƙananan girman fakitin (misali, 0402, 0201) don adana sararin allo a cikin na'urori masu ƙarancin sarari kamar wayoyin hannu, abubuwan sawa, da nuni masu siriri. Bugu da ƙari, akwai haɓaka a cikin ƙirar LED da aka haɗa waɗanda ke haɗa LED die tare da direba IC, abubuwan kariya, kuma wani lokacin launuka da yawa (RGB) a cikin fakitin guda ɗaya, yana sauƙaƙe ƙira da inganta aiki.

12.2 Ingantacciya da Aminci

Ci gaban kimiyyar kayan aiki da ingantattun hanyoyin masana'antu suna ƙara haɓaka ƙarfin haske (lumens kowace watt) na LED, yana ba da damar fitarwa mai haske a ƙaramin wuta ko rage nauyin zafi. Ingantattun kayan marufi da dabarun kuma suna inganta amincin dogon lokaci, kwanciyar hankali na launi, da juriya ga mawuyacin yanayi kamar zafi da danshi.