Takardar Bayani na Fasaha na SMD LED 15-11/BHC-ZL2N1QY/2T - Shudi - 1.6x0.8x0.6mm - 3.2V - 40mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

15-11/BHC-ZL2N1QY/2T ƙaramin LED ne na shudi da aka tsara don haɗawa a saman allon, wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani waɗanda ke buƙatar sanya kayan aiki cikin ƙaramin sarari. Wannan na'urar tana amfani da fasahar semiconductor na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) don samar da hasken shudi tare da matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman ruwa na 468 nm. Ƙananan girmansa da ƙirar sa mara tsayi sun sa ya zama zaɓi mai kyau don aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari.

1.1 Siffofi da Fa'idodi na Asali

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED ya samo asali ne daga kayan haɗinsa na SMD (Surface Mount Device). Ana ba da shi a kan tef na 8mm da aka nannade akan reel mai diamita 7-inch, wanda ke tabbatar da dacewa da kayan aikin haɗawa na atomatik masu sauri. Wannan yana rage lokacin samarwa da farashi sosai idan aka kwatanta da kayan aikin da ake haɗawa ta rami. Na'urar tana da cancanta don daidaitattun hanyoyin gini na infrared da tururi, wanda ya dace da fasahohin haɗa PCB na yau da kullun.

Mahimman siffofi na samfur sun haɗa da bin manyan ka'idojin muhalli da aminci: ba shi da gubar (Pb-free), yana ɗauke da kariya daga ESD (Electrostatic Discharge), yana bin ƙa'idar EU REACH, kuma ya cika buƙatun rashin halogen (Br<900 ppm, Cl<900 ppm, Br+Cl<1500 ppm). An kuma tsara samfurin don ci gaba da kasancewa cikin ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodin RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances).

Ƙananan girma (kimanin 1.6mm x 0.8mm x 0.6mm) yana ba da damar adana sararin allon, ƙara yawan adadin da za a iya haɗawa, da rage girman samfurin ƙarshe. Ƙirarsa mai sauƙi tana ƙarfafa amfani da shi a cikin ƙananan aikace-aikace da na hannu.

1.2 Aikace-aikacen da Ake Nufi

Wannan LED shudi ya dace da ayyuka daban-daban na nuna alama da hasken baya. Yankunan aikace-aikace na yau da kullun sun haɗa da hasken baya don allunan motoci da maɓallai, alamomin yanayi da hasken baya na maɓallan waya a cikin na'urorin sadarwa kamar wayoyi da na'urorin faks, hasken baya mai lebur don allunan LCD, hasken maɓalli, da amfani na gama gari na nuna alama inda ake buƙatar sigina shudi mai haske da bayyananne.

2. Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha da Fassarar Manufa

2.1 Iyakokin Ƙididdiga na Cikakke

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar idan aka wuce su. Ba a nufin su don aiki na yau da kullun ba.

• Ƙarfin Wutar Juyawa (V_R):5V. Wuce wannan ƙarfin wutar a cikin juyawa na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba (I_F):10 mA. Matsakaicin halin DC don aiki mai dogon lokaci mai dogaro.
• Kololuwar Halin Gaba (I_FP):100 mA (a cikin zagayowar aiki 1/10, 1 kHz). Wannan yana ba da damar ɗigon ƙarfin wutar gajerun lokaci, mai amfani don haɗawa da yawa ko siginar bugun jini, amma dole ne a sarrafa matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar.
• Rushewar Wutar (P_d):40 mW. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar da aka yarda (V_F* I_F) a yanayin zafin jiki na 25°C. Ana buƙatar rage ƙimar a yanayin zafi mafi girma.
• Jurewar ESD (HBM):2000V. Yana ba da matakin kariya daga rushewar wutar lantarki yayin sarrafawa, amma har yanzu ana ba da shawarar daidaitattun ƙa'idodin ESD.
• Yanayin Zafin Aiki (T_opr):-40°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon yanayin zafin jiki don aiki mai aiki.
• Yanayin Zafin Ajiya (T_stg):-40°C zuwa +90°C.
• Zafin Gini:Matsakaicin bayyanannen reflow a 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10; Ginin hannu a 350°C na matsakaicin dakika 3 a kowace tasha.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Hasken Ido (Ta=25°C, I_F=5mA)

Waɗannan sigogi suna ayyana matsakaicin aikin LED a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji.

• Ƙarfin Hasken Ido (I_v):14.5 zuwa 36.0 mcd (millicandela). Ainihin fitarwa ana binning dinsa (duba Sashe na 3).
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ_1/2):Digiri 130 (na yau da kullun). Wannan faɗin kusurwar kallo siffa ce ta ƙirar ruwan tabarau na LED, yana ba da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi.
• Kololuwar Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa (λ_p):468 nm (na yau da kullun). Tsayin raƙuman ruwa inda rarraba ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma.
• Babban Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa (λ_d):465 zuwa 475 nm. Wannan yana ayyana launin hasken da ake gani kuma ana binning dinsa.
• Faɗin Bakan (Δλ):25 nm (na yau da kullun). Faɗin bakan da aka fitar a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfi (FWHM).
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (V_F):2.70 zuwa 3.20 V. Faɗin wutar da ke kan LED a lokacin gwajin halin wutar. Wannan sigogi ana binning dinsa kuma yana da ƙimar kuskuren ±0.05V a cikin bin.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa da yawa, ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa bins na aiki. 15-11/BHC-ZL2N1QY/2T yana amfani da tsarin binning mai girma uku don ƙarfin hasken ido, babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa, da ƙarfin wutar gaba.

3.1 Binning na Ƙarfin Hasken Ido

Ana ayyana bins ta lambobin L2, M1, M2, da N1, tare da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin haske daga 14.5 mcd zuwa 28.5 mcd. Lambar bin a cikin lambar sashi (misali 'N1' a cikin ZL2N1QY) tana ƙayyadad da mafi ƙarancin da matsakaicin fitarwar haske da aka garanti. Ƙimar kuskuren ±11% tana aiki akan ƙarfin hasken ido.

3.2 Babban Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa (Binning Launi)

Ana rarraba tsayin raƙuman ruwa zuwa lambobi biyu: 'X' (465-470 nm) da 'Y' (470-475 nm). Lambar sashi tana nuna wannan bin (misali ZL2N1QY). An ƙayyade ƙimar kuskuren ±1nm don babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa.

3.3 Binning na Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba

Ana rarraba ƙarfin wutar gaba zuwa bins biyar da aka sanya lambobi 29 zuwa 33, wanda ya dace da kewayon ƙarfin wutar daga 2.70-2.80V har zuwa 3.10-3.20V. Lambar sashi tana nuna wannan bin (misali ZL2N1QY). Ƙimar kuskuren a cikin bin shine ±0.05V.

4. Bincike akan Lankwasa na Aiki

Duk da yake ba a cikakken bayanin takamaiman lankwasa a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, halayen lantarki da na gani na yau da kullun don irin wannan LED zai haɗa da:

• Lankwasa I-V (Hali-Ƙarfin Wutar):Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni tsakanin halin gaba da ƙarfin wutar gaba. Ƙarfin wutar gwiwa yawanci yana kusa da 2.7-3.2V don LED shudi na InGaN.
• Ƙarfin Hasken Ido vs. Halin Gaba:Ƙarfi gabaɗaya yana ƙaruwa daidai da halin wutar a cikin kewayon aiki na yau da kullun (har zuwa I_F), amma inganci na iya raguwa a halin wutar da yawa saboda zafi.
• Ƙarfin Hasken Ido vs. Yanayin Zafin Jiki:Fitarwar haske yawanci tana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru. Fahimtar wannan rage ƙimar yana da mahimmanci don ƙira waɗanda ke aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma.
• Rarraba Bakan:Zane da ke nuna ƙarfin da aka fitar a kan tsayin raƙuman ruwa, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a kusa da 468 nm tare da FWHM na ~25 nm.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

LED yana da matsakaicin girman jiki na 1.6mm a tsayi, 0.8mm a faɗi, da 0.6mm a tsayi. Zanen kunshin ya ƙayyade ainihin girmansa da ƙimar kuskure (±0.1mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka) don jikin LED, filayen gini, da wurin alamar cathode. Ana gano cathode ta wata takamaiman alama akan kunshin, wanda ke da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen alkiblar PCB.

5.2 Ƙirar Sawun PCB da Ake Ba da Shawara

Ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙirar ƙasa wacce ta ɗauki girman kunshin kuma ta ba da damar samar da fillet na gini mai kyau. Zanen girma na takardar bayani yana ba da tushen ƙirar wannan sawu a cikin software na CAD na PCB.

6. Jagororin Gini da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayyanannen Reflow Gini

Don haɗawa mara gubar, an ba da shawarar bayyanannen reflow: dumama kafin a yi tsakanin 150-200°C na dakika 60-120, lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (217°C) na dakika 60-150, tare da matsakaicin zafi bai wuce 260°C ba na matsakaicin dakika 10. Matsakaicin ƙimar hawan shine 6°C/sec, kuma matsakaicin ƙimar saukowa shine 3°C/sec. Kada a yi reflow gini fiye da sau biyu.

6.2 Ginin Hannu

Idan ginin hannu ya zama dole, dole ne zafin ƙarshen ginin ya kasance ƙasa da 350°C, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar kowace tasha bai wuce dakika 3 ba. Ana ba da shawarar ƙaramin gini (<25W). Ya kamata a ba da tazarar sanyaya aƙalla dakika 2 tsakanin ginin kowace tasha don hana damuwa na zafi.

6.3 Ajiya da Hatsarin Danshi

Ana tattara samfurin a cikin jakar da ke hana danshi tare da abin bushewa. Kada a buɗe jakar har sai an shirya kayan aikin don amfani. Bayan buɗewa, ya kamata a adana LED a ≤ 30°C da ≤ 60% RH. "Rayuwar bene" a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan shekara 1 ce. Idan lokacin ajiya ya wuce ko abin bushewa ya nuna ɗaukar danshi, ana buƙatar maganin gasa a 60 ± 5°C na awanni 24 kafin gini.

7. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Ana ba da LED ɗin a cikin tef mai ɗaukar kaya tare da ƙayyadaddun girma a cikin takardar bayani. Kowace reel tana ɗauke da guda 2000. Hakanan ana ba da girman reel don kayan aikin sarrafawa ta atomatik.

7.2 Bayanin Alamar

Alamar reel tana ɗauke da mahimman bayanai: Lambar Samfurin Abokin Ciniki (CPN), Lambar Sashen Masana'anta (P/N), Adadin Tattarawa (QTY), da takamaiman lambobin bin don Matsayin Ƙarfin Hasken Ido (CAT), Matsayin Launi/Babban Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa (HUE), da Matsayin Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (REF), tare da Lambar Lot.

8. Abubuwan Ƙira na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Iyakance Halin Wutar

Mahimmanci:Dole ne a yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin wutar ko direba mai tsayayyen halin wutardolea yi amfani da shi a jere tare da LED. Ƙarfin wutar gaba yana da ƙimar zafi mara kyau, ma'ana yana raguwa yayin da haɗin gwiwa ya yi zafi. Ba tare da iyakance halin wutar ba, wannan na iya haifar da guduwar zafi da gazawar sauri (konewa). Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F.

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Ko da yake rushewar wutar yana da ƙasa (40mW matsakaici), daidaitaccen shimfidar PCB na iya taimakawa wajen sarrafa zafin haɗin gwiwa. Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na jan ƙarfe da aka haɗa zuwa filayen zafi na LED (idan akwai) ko alamun anode/cathode don zama mai sanyaya zafi, musamman lokacin aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma ko kusa da matsakaicin halin wutar.

8.3 ESD da Sarrafawa

Duk da kariyar ESD da aka gina a ciki, ya kamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD na yau da kullun (bel ɗin wuyan hannu, tashoshin aiki masu tushe, kumfa mai ɗaukar wutar lantarki) yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa don hana lalacewa a ɓoye.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Kunshin 15-11 yana ba da daidaito tsakanin ƙananan girma da sauƙin sarrafawa/samarwa. Idan aka kwatanta da manyan LED na SMD (misali 3528, 5050), yana adana sararin allon sosai. Idan aka kwatanta da ƙananan ƙananan kunshin (CSP), gabaɗaya yana da sauƙin haɗawa, dubawa, da sake yin aiki ta amfani da daidaitattun hanyoyin SMT. Faɗin kusurwar kallonsa na digiri 130 ya bambanta shi da LED ɗin da ke da ƙunƙuntaccen kusurwar katako da aka tsara don haske mai mai da hankali.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (FAQ)

Q: Shin zan iya tuka wannan LED ba tare da resistor na jere ba idan wadata ta wutar lantarki ta 3.0V ce?

A: A'a. Ko da ƙarfin wutar wadata yana kusa da V na yau da kullun_F, bambancin V_F(bin-zuwa-bin kuma tare da zafi) da ƙimar kuskuren wutar wadata sun sa haɗin kai kai tsaye yana da haɗari. Koyaushe ana buƙatar tsarin iyakance halin wutar.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin kololuwar tsayin raƙuman ruwa da babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa?

A: Kololuwar tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λ_p) shine ainihin tsayin raƙuman ruwa na matsakaicin fitarwar bakan. Babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λ_d) shine tsayin raƙuman ruwa na haske mai launi ɗaya wanda zai dace da launin da ake gani na LED. Don LED shudi, sau da yawa suna kusa sosai.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambar sashi '15-11/BHC-ZL2N1QY/2T'?

A: '15-11' shine lambar kunshin. 'BHC' mai yiwuwa yana nuna launi (Shudi) da wasu halaye. 'ZL2N1QY' ya ƙunshi lambobin bin: Ƙarfin Hasken Ido (N1), Babban Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa (Q), da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (Y). '2T' na iya nufin tattarawar tef.

11. Misalin Amfani a cikin Ƙira

Yanayi: Hasken baya na allon maɓalli na membrane.An sanya LED shudi na 15-11 da yawa a bayan gumakan da ke bayyana a kan allon. Ƙira mai sauƙi zai yi amfani da wadata ta 5V. Don I_Fna 5mA da V na yau da kullun_Fna 3.0V, ƙimar resistor na jere ita ce R = (5V - 3.0V) / 0.005A = 400Ω. Dangane da ƙimar kuskuren V_Fbambance-bambance. Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen hasken yankin alamar.

12. Ƙa'idar Aiki

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan haɗin gwiwar p-n semiconductor da aka yi daga kayan InGaN. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar gaba wanda ya wuce yuwuwar da aka gina a cikin haɗin gwiwa, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yanki mai aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa. A cikin InGaN, wannan sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi da farko a cikin nau'in photons (haske) a cikin yankin shudi na bakan gani. Takamaiman tsayin raƙuman ruwa an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na abun da ke cikin InGaN.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Haɓaka LED shudi mai inganci, wanda fasahar InGaN ta ba da damar, wani babban nasara ne a cikin hasken ƙwaƙƙwaran jiki, wanda ya haifar da ƙirƙirar LED fari (ta hanyar canza phosphor) da lambar yabo ta Nobel a Physics a 2014. Trends na yanzu a cikin LED na SMD suna ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci (lumens da yawa a kowace watt), ƙara ƙarfin wutar lantarki a cikin ƙananan fakitin, ingantaccen bayyana launi, da ƙunƙuntaccen ƙimar kuskuren binning don daidaitaccen aiki a cikin aikace-aikace masu wahala kamar hasken baya na nuni da hasken mota.