Bayanin LED na SMD 42-21/BHC-AUW/1T - Shudi - 2.1x2.1x1.2mm - 3.3V - 20mA - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Duba na Samfur

42-21/BHC-AUW/1T ƙaramin LED ne mai haɗawa da saman, wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani waɗanda ke buƙatar ingantaccen mafita na nuna alama ko hasken baya mai ƙaramin ƙarfi. Wannan LED shudi yana amfani da fasahar guntu na InGaN, wanda aka lulluɓe a cikin resin mai tsabta, don ba da ingantaccen aiki a cikin ƙaramin ƙafa. Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da tanadin sarari mai mahimmanci akan PCBs, babban yawan tattarawa, da dacewa don hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik, wanda ya sa ya dace da samarwa mai yawa.

Bangaren ya cika da RoHS, EU REACH, da ka'idojin marasa halogen, yana tabbatar da alhakin muhalli da karɓuwa mai faɗi a kasuwa. Ginin sa mai sauƙi da ƙananan girmansa suna ba da damar ƙirar ƙananan kayan aiki masu ɗaukuwa.

2. Zurfin Bayanan Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsayin Aiki

An ayyana iyakokin aikin na'urar don tabbatar da dogon lokacin aminci. Wucewa waɗannan matakan na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5V. Ana ba da shawarar da'ira mai kariya idan yanayin ƙarfin lantarki na baya yana yiwuwa.
• Ci gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (I_F):25mA. Yanayin aiki na yau da kullun shine 20mA.
• Kololuwar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (I_FP):100mA (Duty 1/10 @1KHz). Ya dace da aikin bugun jini amma ba don DC ba.
• Rushewar Ƙarfi (P_d):95mW. Wannan iyaka yana la'akari da ƙuntatawa na lantarki da na zafi.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +85°C / -40°C zuwa +90°C. Wannan faɗin kewayon yana goyan bayan aikace-aikacen masana'antu.
• Zubar da Lantarki Mai Tsanani (ESD):150V (HBM). Ana buƙatar matakan kariya na ESD na yau da kullun yayin sarrafawa.
• Zafin Haɗawa:Reflow: 260°C na dakika 10; Hannu: 350°C na dakika 3. Biyayya yana da mahimmanci don hana lalacewar zafi.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske (T_a=25°C)

Waɗannan sigogi suna ayyana aikin LED a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (I_F=20mA).

• Ƙarfin Haske (I_v):450 zuwa 1800 mcd (millicandela). An sarrafa faɗin kewayon ta hanyar tsarin rarrabuwa.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 30 (na yau da kullun). Wannan yana ayyana yaduwar kusurwar hasken da aka fitar.
• Kololuwar Tsawon Zango (λ_p):468 nm (na yau da kullun). Tsawon zango inda ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma.
• Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (λ_d):464.5 zuwa 476.5 nm. Wannan shine launin hasken da ake gani, tare da jurewar ±1nm.
• Faɗin Bakan (Δλ):25 nm (na yau da kullun). Faɗin bakan da aka fitar a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):2.7V zuwa 3.7V, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 3.3V a 20mA.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 50 µA a V_R=5V.

Mahimmin Bayanin Ƙira:Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana da kewayon. Resistor mai iyakancewar ƙarfin lantarkiya zama dole sosaidon hana guduwar zafi da konewa daga ƙananan sauye-sauyen ƙarfin wadata. Dole ne a ƙididdige ƙimar resistor bisa ainihin ƙarfin wadata da matsakaicin V_Fda ake tsammani don tabbatar da I_Fbai wuce 25mA ba.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LEDs zuwa kwandon shara. 42-21 yana amfani da tsarin rarrabuwa guda biyu masu zaman kansu.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Haske

Ana rarraba LEDs ta hanyar auna fitowar haske a I_F=20mA. An yiwa lambar kwandon shara alama don ganewa.

• Kwandon Shara U:450 – 715 mcd
• Kwandon Shara V:715 – 1120 mcd
• Kwandon Shara W:1120 – 1800 mcd

Jurewa: ±11%

3.2 Rarrabuwar Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye

Hakanan ana rarraba LEDs ta hanyar daidaitaccen inuwar shudi don kiyaye daidaiton launi a cikin jeri.

• Ƙungiya A, Kwandon Shara A9:464.5 – 467.5 nm
• Ƙungiya A, Kwandon Shara A10:467.5 – 470.5 nm
• Ƙungiya A, Kwandon Shara A11:470.5 – 473.5 nm
• Ƙungiya A, Kwandon Shara A12:473.5 – 476.5 nm

Jurewa: ±1nm

Tasirin Ƙira:Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitaccen haske ko launi (misali, hasken baya na LED da yawa, sandunan matsayi), ƙayyadaddun kwandon shara ɗaya ko neman ƙuntataccen rarrabuwa daga mai siyarwa yana da mahimmanci.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

4.1 Girman Jiki

LED yana da ƙaramin fakitin SMD. Mahimman girmansu (jurewa ±0.1mm sai dai an lura):

• Girman Fakitin: Kusan 2.1mm x 2.1mm.
• Tsayi: Kusan 1.2mm.
• An gano cathode ta hanyar takamaiman alama akan jikin fakitin.

4.2 Gano Tabbataccen Ƙarshe

Daidaitaccen ƙarshe yana da mahimmanci. An nuna tashar cathode a fili akan jikin bangaren. Tsarin ƙasa na PCB da aka ba da shawarar (sawun ƙafa) ya kamata ya yi daidai da wannan ƙira don tabbatar da daidaitawar daidai yayin haɗa reflow.

4.3 Bayanan Marufi

Ana ba da LEDs a cikin marufi na daidaitattun masana'antu don haɗawa ta atomatik:

• Kaset ɗin Mai ɗauka:Faɗin 8mm, akan reels masu diamita inci 7.
• Adadin kowane Reel:Guda 1000.
• Hankalin Danshi:An tattara shi a cikin jakar aluminum mai jure danshi tare da desiccant don hana ɗaukar danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da fashewar "guguru" yayin reflow.

Lakabin reel yana ɗauke da mahimman bayanai: Lambar Samfur (P/N), adadi (QTY), kwandon shara na ƙarfin haske (CAT), kwandon shara na tsawon zango mai rinjaye (HUE), matsayin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (REF), da lambar kuri'a (LOT No).

5. Jagororin Haɗawa da Haɗawa

5.1 Tsarin Haɗa Reflow

Bangaren ya dace da hanyoyin reflow na infrared da tururi. Ana buƙatar bayanin martaba mara gubar (Pb-free):

• Matsakaicin Zazzabi:260°C matsakaici.
• Lokacin Sama da Liquidus:Ana ba da shawarar dakika 30-60.
• Preheat:Haɓaka a hankali don kunna flux da rage girgizar zafi.

Mahimmanci:Bai kamata a yi haɗa reflow sama da sau biyu akan taron LED ɗaya ba.

5.2 Haɗa da Hannu

Idan gyaran hannu ba zai yiwu ba, dole ne a yi taka tsantsan:

• Zafin Ƙarfe:Ƙasa da 350°C.
• Lokacin Tuntuɓar:Dakika 3 ko ƙasa da haka kowane tasha.
• Ƙarfin Ƙarfe:Ƙasa da 25W.
• Hanya:Yi amfani da ƙarfe mai haɗawa biyu don dumama tashoshi biyu lokaci ɗaya kuma a guji matsin lamba na injiniya akan haɗin gwiwar. Tabbatar da aikin LED bayan kowane gyara.

5.3 Ajiya da Sarrafawa

• Kafin Buɗe Jakar:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH.
• Bayan Buɗe Jakar (Rayuwar Ƙasa):Shekara 1 a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Dole ne a sake rufe sassan da ba a yi amfani da su ba a cikin jakar mai hana danshi tare da sabon desiccant.
• Baking:Idan an buɗe jakar fiye da rayuwar ƙasa ko desiccant ya cika, yi baking a 60±5°C na awanni 24 kafin reflow don fitar da danshi.
• Kada a lanƙwasa ko karkatar da PCB bayan haɗawa, saboda hakan na iya damun haɗin gwiwar LED kuma ya haifar da gazawa.

6. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ɗauka

6.1 Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

• Hasken Baya na Panel ɗin Kayan aiki:Hasken baya don alamun dashboard da maɓallai.
• Na'urorin Sadarwa:Alamun matsayi da hasken baya na maɓalli a cikin wayoyi da na'urorin faks.
• Hasken Baya na LCD:Hasken baya na gefe ko kai tsaye don ƙananan LCDs masu launi ɗaya ko launi.
• Nuni na Gabaɗaya:Matsayin wutar lantarki, alamomin yanayi, da sauran abubuwan mu'amalar mai amfani.

6.2 Ƙirar Da'ira

Mafi mahimmancin al'amarin da'irar tuƙi shine resistor na jerin iyakancewar ƙarfin lantarki. Ƙimarsa (R_s) ana iya ƙididdige shi ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R_s= (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F.

Misali:Don wadata na 5V kuma ta amfani da matsakaicin V_Fna 3.7V don tabbatar da amintaccen ƙarfin lantarki a ƙarƙashin duk yanayi a I_F=20mA:
R_s= (5V - 3.7V) / 0.020A = 65 Ohms.
Za a zaɓi ƙimar daidaitaccen daidaitaccen (misali, 68 Ohms), kuma ya kamata a duba ƙimar ƙarfin resistor: P = I²R = (0.02)²* 68 = 0.0272W. Daidaitaccen resistor 1/10W (0.1W) ya fi isa.

6.3 Gudanar da Zafi

Duk da cewa rushewar ƙarfi yana da ƙasa (95mW matsakaici), daidaitaccen shimfidar PCB yana taimakawa tsawon rai. Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla a kusa da kushin LED don yin aiki azaman mai sanyaya zafi, musamman idan ana aiki a manyan yanayin yanayi ko kusa da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki.

6.4 Hani na Aikace-aikace

Wannan daidaitaccen LED na kasuwanci ba a ƙera shi musamman ko cancanta don aikace-aikacen babban aminci inda gazawar za ta iya haifar da haɗarin aminci ko babban lalacewar dukiya ba. Wannan ya haɗa da, amma bai iyakance ga:

• Tsarin soja, sararin samaniya, ko tsarin aminci na jirgin sama.
• Tsarin aminci na motoci masu mahimmanci (misali, fitilun birki, alamun jakar iska).
• Kayan aikin tallafin rayuwa ko bincike na likita.

Don irin waɗannan aikace-aikacen, dole ne a samo abubuwan da suka dace da motoci, soja, ko cancantar likita. Ana ba da garantin aikin kawai a cikin bayanan da aka zayyana a cikin wannan takarda.

7. Kwatancen Fasaha da Matsayi

Fakitin 42-21 yana wakiltar daidaito tsakanin girman, aiki, da iya samarwa. Idan aka kwatanta da manyan LEDs na ginshiƙan jagora (misali, nau'ikan rami na 3mm ko 5mm), yana ba da raguwa mai tsanani a sararin allo da nauyi, yana ba da damar ƙirar ƙanƙanta na zamani. Idan aka kwatanta da ƙananan fakitin ma'auni na guntu (CSP), yana ba da sauƙin sarrafawa tare da kayan aikin SMT na yau da kullun kuma yana ba da ruwan tabarau don sarrafa rarraba haske (kusurwar dubawa digiri 30). Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na 20mA da V na yau da kullun na 3.3V_Fsanya shi dace kai tsaye tare da kayan wadataccen dabaru na 3.3V da 5V tare da resistor mai sauƙi.

8. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

8.1 Me yasa resistor mai iyakancewar ƙarfin lantarki ya zama dole?

LEDs na'urori ne masu tuƙi na ƙarfin lantarki. Halayensu na V-I yana da ƙima. Ƙananan haɓakar ƙarfin lantarki fiye da V na yau da kullun_Fyana haifar da babban haɓakar ƙarfin lantarki, mai yuwuwar lalacewa. Resistor na jerin yana ba da alaƙa mai layi, mai hasashe tsakanin ƙarfin wadata da ƙarfin lantarki na LED, yana tabbatar da aiki mai tsayi da aminci.

8.2 Shin zan iya kunna wannan LED kai tsaye daga filin GPIO na microcontroller?

Mai yiwuwa, amma da taka tsantsan. Yawancin filayen GPIO na iya samarwa ko nutsewa kawai 10-25mA. Dole ne ku duba takardar bayanin microcontroller ɗinku. Ko da a cikin iyakoki, har yanzu kuna buƙatar resistor na jerin. Yana da sauƙi sau da yawa don amfani da GPIO don sarrafa transistor (BJT ko MOSFET) wanda sannan ya kunna LED, yana ware MCU daga nauyin ƙarfin lantarki na LED.

8.3 Me ake nufi da "ruwa mai tsabta" resin?

Yana nufin ruwan tabarau na lulluɓe na filastik yana bayyane, ba yaɗuwa ko launi ba. Wannan yana ba da damar ainihin launin guntu na InGaN shudi a gani, yana ba da mafi girman yuwuwar fitowar haske da ƙayyadaddun kusurwar dubawa.

8.4 Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin kwandon shara a kan lakabin reel?

Lambar "CAT" (U, V, W) tana gaya muku kewayon haske. Lambar "HUE" (misali, A10) tana gaya muku kewayon tsawon zango mai rinjaye. Don daidaitaccen bayyanar a cikin samfur, yi odar LEDs daga kwandon shara ɗaya na CAT da HUE. Lambar "REF" tana nuna matsayin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, wanda zai iya zama da amfani don ƙayyadaddun ƙirar ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin lantarki.

9. Nazarin Ƙirar Aiki

Yanayi:Ƙirar ƙaramin na'ura mai amfani da wutar lantarki ta USB tare da LEDs 4 na matsayin shudi.

1. Tushen Wutar Lantarki:USB yana ba da 5V.
2. Zaɓin LED:42-21/BHC-AUW/1T, Kwandon Shara V don matsakaicin haske, Kwandon Shara A11 don daidaitaccen launin shudi.
3. Ƙididdigar Ƙarfin Lantarki:Manufa I_F= 18mA (ƙasa da matsakaici kaɗan don gefe). Yi amfani da matsakaicin V_F= 3.7V don mafi munin yanayi.
   R_s= (5V - 3.7V) / 0.018A ≈ 72.2Ω. Yi amfani da daidaitaccen resistor na 75Ω.
4. Ƙarfi kowane LED: P_LED= 3.3V(typ) * 0.018A ≈ 59.4mW. Yana cikin iyakar 95mW.
5. Jimlar Ƙarfin Lantarki:4 LEDs * 18mA = 72mA. Yana cikin iyakar ƙarfin tashar USB na 500mA.
6. Shimfidar PCB:Sanya LEDs tare da daidaitaccen ƙarshe. Yi amfani da ƙaramin yanki na ƙasa a ƙarƙashin da kewaye da kushin LED don zubar da zafi. Tabbatar da bayanin martabar reflow ya dace da shawarar kololuwar 260°C.
7. Sakamako:Ingantaccen tsarin nuni mai tsayi, mai daidaitaccen haske tare da ƙaramin sararin allo da amfani da wutar lantarki.

10. Ka'idar Aiki da Fasaha

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan tsarin semiconductor heterostructure da aka yi da Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan mahaɗin p-n, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yanki mai aiki. Haɗuwarsu yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gami na InGaN yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yana ayyana tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, shudi (~468 nm). Epoxy resin mai tsabta na ruwa yana kare guntu na semiconductor, yana aiki azaman ruwan tabarau don siffanta fitowar haske (kusurwar dubawa digiri 30), kuma yana ba da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya.

11. Trends na Masana'antu

Kasuwar SMD LEDs kamar 42-21 na ci gaba da kasancewa ƙarƙashin ƙarfin ƙananan duk na'urorin lantarki. Akwai ci gaba mai ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci (ƙarin lumens kowane watt), wanda ke ba da damar ko dai fitowa mai haske a ƙarfin lantarki ɗaya ko haske iri ɗaya a ƙaramin ƙarfi, yana tsawaita rayuwar baturi a cikin na'urori masu ɗaukuwa. Bugu da ƙari, buƙatar ƙuntataccen rarrabuwar launi da haske yana ƙaruwa yayin da aikace-aikace kamar nuni mai cikakken launi da hasken yanayi ke buƙatar daidaito na musamman. Fasahar InGaN na tushe don LEDs shudi ta balaga amma tana ci gaba da ganin haɓaka a hankali a cikin inganci da aminci. Fasahar marufi kuma tana haɓaka, tare da trends zuwa har ma da ƙarin bayanan martaba da ingantattun kayan gudanar da zafi don sarrafa manyan yawan wutar lantarki a cikin ƙananan wurare.