Bayanin SMD LED LTST-C950RTBKT - Kunshin 3.2x2.8x1.9mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 2.8-3.8V - Wutar Lantarki 76mW - InGaN Chip Shudi - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakken bayanin fasaha na fitilar SMD LED. An tsara shi don haɗa allon da'ira (PCB) ta atomatik, wannan kayan yana dacewa da aikace-aikace masu matsi a sararin samaniya a cikin kayan lantarki da yawa.

1.1 Siffofi

• Yayi daidai da umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hatsari).
• Ya haɗa da ƙirar ruwan tabarau don ingantaccen rarraba haske.
• Yana amfani da babban ƙwayar semiconductor Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN).
• An kunna shi a cikin tef na 8mm akan reels mai diamita 7-inch don sarrafawa ta atomatik.
• Yayi daidai da ma'aunin kunshin EIA (Ƙungiyar Masana'antu ta Lantarki).
• Halayen tuƙi masu dacewa da IC (Da'irar Haɗe).
• Yana cikakken dacewa da daidaitattun kayan aikin haɗawa ta atomatik.
• An tsara shi don jurewa hanyoyin siyar da reflow na infrared (IR).

1.2 Aikace-aikacen Manufa

An ƙera wannan LED don amfani a cikin sassa daban-daban waɗanda ke buƙatar ingantattun alamomi ko hanyoyin hasken baya.

• Sadarwa & Sarrafa Ofis:Alamomin matsayi a cikin na'urorin hanyar sadarwa, modem, firinta, da kwafi.
• Masu Amfani & Kayan Aikin Gida:Alamomin wutar lantarki, yanayi, ko aiki.
• Kayan Aikin Masana'antu:Alamar matsayin inji, kuskure, ko yanayin aiki.
• Hasken Baya na Maɓalli/Madannai:Hasken don wuraren da ke da ƙarancin haske.
• Alamomin Matsayi:Kunna wutar lantarki, cajin baturi, ayyukan cibiyar sadarwa.
• Ƙananan Nuni & Fitilun Alama:Ƙananan nunin bayanai da hasken alama.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Manufa

Sashe na gaba yana ba da cikakken bayani game da mahimman ma'auni na lantarki, na gani, da na zafi waɗanda ke ayyana iyakar aikin kayan. Duk ma'aunin an daidaita su a yanayin zafi (Ta) na 25°C sai dai idan an faɗi.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar

Waɗannan ƙimomi suna wakiltar iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da shawarar ci gaba da aiki a ko kusa da waɗannan iyakokin kuma zai rage aminci da rayuwa.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):76 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin jimlar wutar lantarki da kunshin zai iya watsawa azaman zafi, wanda aka lissafta daga ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf) da na yanzu (If).
• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Yanzu na Gaba (Ifp):100 mA. Ana yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun 0.1ms) don hana yin zafi sosai.
• Ci gaba da DC Gaba Yanzu (If):20 mA. Matsakaicin ƙarfin da aka ba da shawarar don ingantaccen aiki na ci gaba.
• Kewayon Yanayin Aiki:-20°C zuwa +80°C. Kewayon yanayin zafi wanda aka ƙayyade na'urar don yin aiki daidai.
• Kewayon Yanayin Ajiya:-30°C zuwa +100°C. Kewayon yanayin zafi mai aminci don na'urar lokacin da ba a kunna wutar lantarki ba.
• Yanayin Siyar da Reflow na Infrared:Matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10. Wannan yana ayyana yanayin zafi da kayan zai iya jurewa yayin haɗa PCB.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki & Na Gani

Waɗannan sune ma'auni na aikin al'ada a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):450 - 2800 mcd (millicandela) a If=20mA. Ana sarrafa wannan faɗin kewayon ta hanyar tsarin binning (duba Sashe na 3). Ma'aunin yana amfani da tacewa wanda ke kusantar da lanƙwasa amsa ido na CIE photopic.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ½):Digiri 25. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwa (axial), yana ayyana faɗin katako.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Watsawa (λp):468 nm (na al'ada). Tsawon zango wanda fitarwar ƙarfin gani ya fi girma.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (λd):460 - 475 nm a If=20mA. Wannan shine tsawon zango guda ɗaya wanda idon ɗan adam ya gane, wanda aka samo daga zanen launi na CIE. Hakanan ana binning.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Gani (Δλ):25 nm (na al'ada). Faɗin faɗin gani wanda aka auna a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfi, yana nuna tsaftar launi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Vf):2.8 - 3.8 V a If=20mA. Faɗin ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED yayin aiki. Wannan ma'auni yana binning.
• Ƙarfin Yanzu na Baya (Ir):10 μA (matsakaici) a Vr=5V. Ba a ƙera LED don aikin karkatar da baya ba; wannan ma'auni don dalilai na gwaji ne kawai.

2.3 Abubuwan Da Suka Shafi Zafi

Duk da yake ba a nuna su a fili a cikin bayanan da aka bayar, sarrafa zafi yana cikin ƙimar. Wucewa matsakaicin zafin jiki na haɗin gwiwa, wanda aka samo daga Rushewar Wutar Lantarki da juriya na zafi na kunshin, zai hanzarta raguwar lumen kuma zai iya haifar da gazawar bala'i. Ƙayyadaddun kewayon yanayin aiki na -20°C zuwa +80°C shine yanayin zafi; zafin haɗin gwiwa zai fi girma dangane da ƙarfin tuƙi da tsarin PCB.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Saboda bambance-bambancen da ke cikin masana'antar semiconductor, ana rarraba LED (binning) bayan samarwa bisa mahimman ma'auni. Wannan tsarin yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar abubuwan da suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun daidaito don aikace-aikacensu.

3.1 Binning na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Vf)

Ana rarraba raka'a ta hanyar faɗin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a 20mA. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irori masu iyakancewa na yanzu da kuma tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jerin LED da yawa waɗanda ke samun wutar lantarki ta madadin ƙarfin lantarki mai tsayi.

• Lambobin Bin:D7 (2.80-3.00V), D8 (3.00-3.20V), D9 (3.20-3.40V), D10 (3.40-3.60V), D11 (3.60-3.80V).
• Jurewa:+/- 0.1V a cikin kowane bin.

3.2 Binning na Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv)

Wannan shine ma'auni na farko na rarraba haske, wanda aka auna a millicandelas (mcd) a 20mA.

• Lambobin Bin:U (450-710 mcd), V (710-1120 mcd), W (1120-1800 mcd), X (1800-2800 mcd).
• Jurewa:+/- 15% a cikin kowane bin.

3.3 Hue (Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango, λd) Binning

Wannan binning yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikace inda ake kallon LED da yawa tare.

• Lambobin Bin:AB (460.0-465.0 nm), AC (465.0-470.0 nm), AD (470.0-475.0 nm).
• Jurewa:+/- 1 nm a cikin kowane bin.

Cikakken lambar sashi don yin oda yawanci zai haɗa da lambobin bin na Vf, Iv, da λd don tabbatar da takamaiman halayen aiki.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Bayanan hoto suna ba da haske game da halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Binciken na gaba ya dogara ne akan lanƙwasa na al'ada da ake tsammani don LED shudi na InGaN.

4.1 Halayen Yanzu vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki (I-V)

Lanƙwasa I-V ba ta da layi, tana nuna jujjuyawar ƙarfi a ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf). Sama da wannan ƙarfin lantarki na gwiwa, ƙarfin yana ƙaruwa da ƙarfi tare da ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki. Wannan yana jaddada wajibcin tuƙi LED tare da tushen da aka iyakance (misali, direban yanzu mai tsayi ko tushen ƙarfin lantarki tare da resistor na jerin) maimakon tushen ƙarfin lantarki mai tsabta, don hana "guduwar zafi".

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Ƙarfin Yanzu na Gaba (Iv-If)

Wannan lanƙwasa tana nuna cewa ƙarfin haske yana kusan daidai da ƙarfin yanzu na gaba a cikin kewayon aikin al'ada (misali, har zuwa 20mA). Duk da haka, inganci (lumens kowace watt) na iya kololuwa a ƙarfin da ya fi ƙasa da matsakaicin ƙimar. Tuƙi sama da ƙarfin da aka ba da shawarar yana haifar da ƙarin zafi, rage inganci, da hanzarta lalacewa.

4.3 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Duk da yake ba a nuna shi a fili ba, yana da mahimmanci cewa aikin LED yana da hankali ga zafin jiki.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Vf):Yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin haɗin gwiwa (mummunan ƙimar zafin jiki). Wannan na iya shafar kwanciyar hankali na sauƙaƙan da'irori masu iyakancewa na yanzu na resistor.
• Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):Yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin haɗin gwiwa. Aiki mai zafi zai haifar da raguwar fitarwar haske.
• Tsawon Zango (λd):Yawanci yana motsi kaɗan tare da zafin jiki, wanda zai iya zama la'akari a cikin aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci na launi.

4.4 Rarraba Gani

Zanen fitarwar gani zai nuna kololuwa guda ɗaya, mai rinjaye a yankin shudi (~468 nm) tare da cikakken faɗi a rabin matsakaici (FWHM) na kusan 25 nm. Akwai ƙaramin fitarwa a wasu sassan bakan gani, wanda shine na al'ada ga LED na InGaN mai launi ɗaya.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Kunshi

5.1 Ma'aunin Kunshi

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen sawun SMD. Mahimman ma'auni (a cikin milimita) sun haɗa da girman jiki na al'ada na kusan 3.2mm (L) x 2.8mm (W) x 1.9mm (H), tare da jurewar ±0.1mm sai dai idan an faɗi. An ba da takamaiman tsarin ƙasa (sawun) don ƙirar PCB.

5.2 Gano Polarity

Ana nuna cathode ta hanyar alamar gani akan kunshin, kamar tsaga, kore dot, ko yanke kusurwa akan ruwan tabarau. Sawun PCB ya kamata ya haɗa da alamar da ta dace. Haɗin polarity mara daidai zai hana LED haskakawa kuma, idan an yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya wanda ya wuce matsakaicin ƙimar, zai iya lalata na'urar.

5.3 Bayanan Tef da Reel

Ana samar da kayan a cikin tef mai ɗaukar kaya don haɗawa ta atomatik.

• Faɗin Tef:8 mm.
• Diamita na Reel:7 inches.
• Adadin kowane Reel:Guda 2000.
• Rufe Aljihu:Ana rufe aljihu mara komai da tef ɗin rufi.
• Ma'aunin Kunshi:Yayi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481.

6. Jagororin Siyarwa & Haɗawa

6.1 Shawararriyar Bayanin Reflow na IR (Tsarin Ba Mai Gubar ba)

Ana ba da shawarar bayanin reflow mai daidaitawa da ma'aunin JEDEC don ingantaccen siyarwa.

• Zafin Jiki na Farko:150-200°C.
• Lokacin Dumama na Farko:Matsakaicin dakika 120 don ba da damar dumama daidai da kunna manna.
• Matsakaicin Zafin Jiki:Matsakaicin 260°C.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus (TAL):Bayanin samfurin yana nuna manufar dakika 10 matsakaici a matsakaicin zafin jiki.
• Matsakaicin Zangon Reflow:Sau biyu aka ba da shawarar.

Lura:Mafi kyawun bayanin ya dogara da takamaiman ƙirar PCB, manna siyarwa, da tanda. Ƙimar da aka bayar jagorori ne; an ba da shawarar siffanta matakin allon.

6.2 Siyar da Hannu (Idan Ana Bukata)

Yi amfani da himma sosai don guje wa girgizar zafi.

• Zafin Jiki na Ƙarfe:Matsakaicin 300°C.
• Lokacin Siyarwa:Matsakaicin dakika 3 kowane kafa.
• Matsakaicin Zanguna:Sau ɗaya kawai.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan siyarwa, yi amfani da kawai abubuwan narkewa da aka amince da su don guje wa lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy.

• Abubuwan Narkewa da Aka Ba da Shawara:Barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl alcohol.
• Tsari:Tsoma cikin yanayin zafi na al'ada na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Kar a yi amfani da tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic sai dai idan an tabbatar da amincin kayan.
• Kaucewa:Masu tsaftacewa na sinadarai waɗanda ba a bayyana su ba ko masu ƙarfi.

7. Ajiya & Sarrafawa

7.1 Kariya daga Zubar da Lantarki (ESD)

Wannan na'urar tana da hankali ga zubar da lantarki. Dole ne a sami ingantattun sarrafawa na ESD a wuri yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa.

• Yi amfani da igiyoyin wuyan hannu na ƙasa ko safofin hannu masu hana lantarki.
• Tabbatar cewa duk tashoshin aiki, kayan aiki, da kayan aiki suna da ƙasa daidai.
• Ajiye da jigilar kaya a cikin kunshin mai ɗaukar lantarki ko mai hana lantarki.

7.2 Hankalin Danshi & Ajiya

Kunshin yana da hankali ga danshi (mai yiwuwa MSL 3).

• Kunshin da aka Rufe:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH. Yi amfani da shi cikin shekara guda daga ranar busasshen kunshi.
• Kunshin da aka Buɗe:Don abubuwan da aka cire daga jakar shinge na danshi na asali, yanayin ajiyar bai kamata ya wuce 30°C / 60% RH ba.
• Rayuwar Bene:Ana ba da shawarar kammala reflow na IR cikin mako guda bayan buɗe busasshen kunshi.
• Ajiya Mai Tsayi (Ba a cikin Jakar ba):Ajiye a cikin akwati mai rufi tare da desiccant ko a cikin desiccator na nitrogen.
• Rebaking:Idan an fallasa fiye da mako guda, gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin siyarwa don cire danshin da aka sha da kuma hana "popcorning" yayin reflow.

8. Bayanan Aikace-aikace & Abubuwan Da Suka Shafi Ƙira

8.1 Iyakancewa na Yanzu

Koyaushe yi amfani da hanyar iyakancewa na yanzu. Hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce resistor na jerin da aka lissafta kamar R = (Vsupply - Vf) / If, inda Vf ya kamata ya zama matsakaicin ƙimar daga bin ko takardun bayanai don tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin bai wuce iyaka ba a ƙarƙashin mafi munin yanayi. Don ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali da inganci a cikin zafin jiki da bambance-bambancen Vf na raka'a-raka'a, yi la'akari da amfani da direban yanzu mai tsayi.

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi akan PCB

Ko da yake ƙaramin na'ura ne, rushewar wutar lantarki (har zuwa 76mW) yana haifar da zafi.

• Yi amfani da tsarin kafa na PCB da aka ba da shawarar don sauƙaƙe canja wurin zafi daga kafan zafi na LED (idan yana nan) zuwa tagulla akan allon.
• Haɗa hanyoyin zafi a ƙarƙashin kafa don kai zafi zuwa ciki ko ƙasan allon.
• Kaucewa sanya LED kusa da wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da zafi.
• Don aikace-aikace masu ƙarfin yanzu ko babban yanayin zafi, rage matsakaicin ƙarfin yanzu na gaba don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa a cikin iyakoki masu aminci.

8.3 Ƙirar Gani

Kusurwar kallo na digiri 25 tana ba da katako mai mai da hankali. Don haske mai faɗi, za a buƙaci na'urorin gani na biyu (misali, masu watsawa, jagororin haske). Ruwan tabarau mai tsabta ya dace da aikace-aikace inda ake son launin shudi na guntu; don bayyanar da aka watsa, za a buƙaci ƙara ruwan tabarau mai watsawa mai launin fari ko launi a waje.

9. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

9.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin Tsawon Zango Kololuwa da Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye?

Tsawon Zango Kololuwa (λp)shine ainihin kololuwar lanƙwasa rarraba ƙarfin gani (468 nm).Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (λd)shine tsawon zango guda ɗaya wanda idon ɗan adam ya gane, wanda aka lissafta daga madaidaitan launi na CIE, kuma yana iya bambanta kaɗan da λp (460-475 nm). λd ya fi dacewa da ƙayyadaddun launi.

9.2 Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a 30mA don ƙarin haske?

A'a. Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar don ci gaba da DC gaba yanzu shine 20 mA. Wucewa wannan ƙimar zai ƙara zafin haɗin gwiwa fiye da iyakokin ƙira, yana haifar da saurin raguwar lumen, canjin launi, da yuwuwar gazawar bala'i. Don mafi girman fitarwar haske, zaɓi LED bin tare da mafi girman ƙarfin haske ko samfurin da aka ƙididdige shi don mafi girman ƙarfin yanzu.

9.3 Me yasa kewayon Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba yake da faɗi sosai (2.8-3.8V)?

Wannan wani siffa ne na bambance-bambancen masana'antar semiconductor. Tsarin binning (D7 zuwa D11) yana wanzu daidai don sarrafa wannan. Don daidaitaccen aiki a cikin jeri, ƙayyade kuma yi amfani da LED daga bin Vf ɗaya, ko kuma yi amfani da direban yanzu mai tsayi wanda ke daidaita bambance-bambancen Vf.

9.4 Shin wannan LED ya dace da aikace-aikacen mota ko na likita?

Takardun bayanai ya bayyana cewa LED an yi niyya ne don kayan lantarki na yau da kullun. Don aikace-aikace waɗanda ke buƙatar ingantaccen aminci ko inda gazawar za ta iya haifar da haɗari (mota, likita, jirgin sama), ana buƙatar tuntuɓar masana'anta don samun abubuwan da suka cancanta kuma an gwada su zuwa daidaitattun masana'antu (misali, AEC-Q102 don mota).

10. Gabatarwar Fasaha & Trends

10.1 Fasahar InGaN Chip

Wannan LED yana amfani da ƙwayar semiconductor Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN). InGaN shine tsarin kayan da ke ba da damar fitarwa mai inganci a cikin shudi, kore, da fari (ta hanyar canza phosphor) yankuna na bakan. Ci gabansa ya kasance mai mahimmanci don ƙirar LED fari da cikakkun nunin launi. Fasahar tana ba da inganci mai girma, ingantaccen aminci, da ikon samar da na'urori masu haske sosai daga ƙananan yankunan guntu.

10.2 Trends na Masana'antu

Gabaɗayan yanayin a cikin SMD LED yana zuwa ga:

• Mafi Girman Ingantacciyar (lm/W):Rage amfani da makamashi don fitarwar haske iri ɗaya.
• Ingantacciyar Daidaiton Launi:Ƙuntataccen jurewar binning don aikace-aikace kamar hasken baya na nuni.
• Mafi Girman Aminci & Rayuwa:Musamman ga aikace-aikace masu wahala kamar hasken mota.
• Ƙananan Girma:Ci gaba da rage girman kunshi (misali, ma'auni na 0201, 01005) don na'urori masu ƙanƙanta.
• Maganganun Haɗe:LED tare da haɗaɗɗun resistors masu iyakancewa na yanzu, diodes na Zener don kariya daga ESD, ko kunshin guntu da yawa don haɗa launi.

Wannan kayan yana wakiltar ingantaccen rukunin samfurin da aka inganta don ingantaccen aiki a cikin yanayi mai girma, atomatik na haɗawa.