Bayanin Fasaha na LED SMD 15-21/BHC-AN1P2/2T - Shudi - 2.0x1.25x0.8mm - 3.3V - 20mA - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

15-21/BHC-AN1P2/2T wata LED shudi ce mai ƙaramin girma, mai hawa a saman allon lantarki (SMD), wadda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen lantarki na zamani waɗanda ke buƙatar sanya kayan aiki cikin ƙanƙanta. Babban fa'idarta shine girmanta da ya ragu sosai idan aka kwatanta da LED na gargajiya, wanda ke ba da damar ƙirar allon lantarki (PCB) mafi ƙanƙanta da samfuran ƙarshe mafi ƙanƙanta. An gina na'urar ta amfani da fasahar guntu InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride), wadda aka lulluɓe da resin mai tsabta, wadda ke fitar da haske a cikin bakan shudi. Ta cika ka'idojin RoHS, REACH, da na rashin sinadarin halogen, don haka ta dace da tsarin masana'antu masu kula da muhalli.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da ƙaramin girman ta (2.0mm x 1.25mm x 0.8mm), wanda kai tsaye yana taimakawa wajen rage sararin ajiya da ƙara yawan ƙirar PCB. Sauƙin nauyinta ya sa ta dace sosai don aikace-aikacen ɗauka da ƙanƙanta. Ana samar da kayan aikin a kan tef mai girman 8mm wanda aka ɗora akan reeli mai diamita inci 7, wanda ke tabbatar da dacewa da na'urorin haɗawa ta atomatik masu sauri. Bugu da ƙari, an tsara ta don jure tsarin gudanar da gishiri na infrared da na tururi, wanda ke sauƙaƙa samarwa mai yawa.

1.2 Aikace-aikacen Da Ake Nufi

Wannan LED tana da amfani a wurare daban-daban na haskakawa da nuni. Aikace-aikacen gama gari sun haɗa da hasken baya na allunan kayan aiki, maɓalli, da na'urorin buga lambobi. A cikin na'urorin sadarwa, tana aiki azaman alamun matsayi da hasken baya ga na'urori kamar wayoyi da na'urorin fax. Hakanan tana dacewa don samar da hasken baya mai lebur ga allunan nuni na ruwa (LCDs) da ayyukan nuni na gabaɗaya inda ake buƙatar tushen haske shudi mai aminci da ƙanƙanta.

2. Zurfin Binciken Sigogi na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na gaskiya game da mahimman sigogin lantarki, haske, da zafi na na'urar kamar yadda aka ayyana a cikin Teburan Iyakokin Ƙididdiga na Ƙarshe da Halayen Lantarki da Haske.

2.1 Iyakokin Ƙididdiga na Ƙarshe

Iyakokin Ƙididdiga na Ƙarshe suna ayyana iyakokin matsin lamba waɗanda idan aka wuce su, lalacewa ta dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Waɗannan ba yanayin aiki ba ne. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya (V_R) shine 5V. Wucewa wannan na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa. Ci gaba da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (I_F) an ƙididdige shi a 25mA. Don aikin bugun jini, matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (I_FP) na 100mA yana yiwuwa a ƙarƙashin tsarin aiki na 1/10 a 1kHz. Matsakaicin ƙarfin watsawa (P_d) shine 95mW, wanda aka ƙididdige shi azaman samfurin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da ƙarfin lantarki. Na'urar na iya jure watsawar lantarki (ESD) na 150V bisa ga Tsarin Jikin Mutum (HBM). Kewayon zafin aiki (T_opr) daga -40°C zuwa +85°C ne, kuma zafin ajiya (T_stg) ya faɗaɗa ɗan kaɗan zuwa -40°C zuwa +90°C. Tsarin zafin gishiri yana da mahimmanci: don sake gudana, matsakaicin zafin 260°C na iya zama aƙalla daƙiƙa 10; don gishiri da hannu, zafin ƙarshen guntun ƙarfe bai kamata ya wuce 350°C ba na daƙiƙa 3 a kowane tasha.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Ana auna waɗannan sigogi a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na zafin yanayi 25°C da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na 20mA. Ƙarfin haske (I_v) yana da ƙima ta yau da kullun a cikin babban kewayon da tsarin rarrabuwa ya ayyana, tare da mafi ƙanƙanta na 28.5 mcd da matsakaicin 72.0 mcd. Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) yawanci digiri 130 ne, yana nuna faɗaɗɗen tsarin fitarwa. Matsakaicin tsawon raƙuman ruwa (λ_p) yawanci 468 nm ne, kuma babban tsawon raƙuman ruwa (λ_d) yana tsakanin 464.5 nm zuwa 476.5 nm, yana ayyana launin shudin da ake gani. Faɗin bakan raƙuman ruwa (Δλ) yawanci 25 nm ne. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) yana tsakanin 2.7V (mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 3.7V (matsakaici), tare da ƙima ta yau da kullun na 3.3V a 20mA. Ƙarfin lantarki na baya (I_R) yana da ƙasa sosai, tare da matsakaicin 50 µA a cikakken ƙarfin lantarki na baya na 5V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa rukunoni na aiki. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman buƙatun haske da launi.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Hasken

An rarraba fitarwar haske zuwa rukunoni huɗu daban-daban: N1 (28.5-36.0 mcd), N2 (36.0-45.0 mcd), P1 (45.0-57.0 mcd), da P2 (57.0-72.0 mcd). Tolerancin ±11% yana aiki a cikin kowane rukuni. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da wannan bambanci lokacin da suke ƙira don mafi ƙanƙanta matakan haske a aikace-aikacen su.

3.2 Rarrabuwar Babban Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa

An kuma rarraba launi (babban tsawon raƙuman ruwa) don sarrafa bambancin launi. Rukunoni sune A9 (464.5-467.5 nm), A10 (467.5-470.5 nm), A11 (470.5-473.5 nm), da A12 (473.5-476.5 nm). An ayyana tolerancin ±1nm. Wannan rarrabuwar yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikace inda daidaiton launi a cikin LED da yawa ke da mahimmanci, kamar a cikin jerin hasken baya.

4. Binciken Lankwasa na Aiki

Duk da yake PDF yana nuna wani sashe na lankwasan halayen lantarki da haske na yau da kullun, ba a ba da takamaiman bayanan hoto (misali, lankwasan I-V, ƙarfi da ƙarfin lantarki, tsawon raƙuman ruwa da zafin jiki) a cikin rubutun da aka ciro. A cikin cikakken bayanin bayanai, waɗannan lankwasan suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba na daidaitaccen tsari ba. Masu ƙira yawanci suna dogara da irin waɗannan lankwasan don hasashen aiki a ƙarfin lantarki daban-daban da yanayin zafi, wanda kai tsaye yana shafar fitarwar haske, ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, da amincin dogon lokaci.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Fakitin

LED ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen fakitin SMD 15-21. Mahimman girmansu kusan 2.0mm ne a tsayi, 1.25mm a faɗi, da 0.8mm a tsayi. Zanen fakitin yana ayyana wuri da girman ƙafafun gishiri (yawanci 0.6mm x 0.9mm), tazarar da ke tsakanin su, da jimlar tolerancin (gabaɗaya ±0.1mm sai dai idan an lura da haka). Wannan takamaiman bayanan girma yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar daidaitaccen tsarin ƙasa na PCB (sawun ƙafa) don tabbatar da gishiri da daidaitawa daidai.

5.2 Gano Ƙarshen Ƙarshe

Ana yiwa alama akan na'urar cathode (tasha mara kyau), sau da yawa ta hanyar ƙaramin tsaga, ɗigon kore, ko kusurwar da aka yanka akan fakitin. Ya kamata zanen girman da aka bayar ya nuna wannan alama a sarari. Daidaitaccen jagorar ƙarshen ƙarshe yayin haɗawa wajibi ne don na'urar ta yi aiki.

6. Jagororin Gishiri da Haɗawa

Sarrafawa da gishiri daidai suna da mahimmanci don kiyaye amincin da aikin na'urar.

6.1 Sigogi na Gishirin Sake Gudana

An ayyana bayanin martaba na sake gudana mara gubar. Yankin kafin dumama ya kamata ya tashi daga 150°C zuwa 200°C cikin daƙiƙa 60-120. Lokacin da ya wuce zafin ruwan gishiri (217°C) ya kamata ya zama daƙiƙa 60-150. Matsakaicin zafin jiki bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba, kuma lokacin a wannan kololuwar ya kamata ya zama matsakaicin daƙiƙa 10. Matsakaicin ƙimar haɓaka shine 6°C/sec, kuma matsakaicin ƙimar saukowa shine 3°C/sec. Bai kamata a yi gishirin sake gudana fiye da sau biyu akan na'urar ɗaya ba.

6.2 Ajiya da Hancin Danshi

Ana tattara LED a cikin jakunkunan shinge masu hana danshi tare da busassun abu. Ba za a buɗe jakar ba har sai an shirya kayan aikin don amfani. Kafin buɗewa, yanayin ajiya ya kamata ya zama ≤30°C da ≤90% RH. Bayan buɗewa, "rayuwar bene" shekara 1 ce a ƙarƙashin yanayin ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Idan mai nuna busassun abu ya nuna cikakkiya ko kuma an wuce lokacin ajiya, ana buƙatar maganin gasa a 60±5°C na awanni 24 kafin sake gudana don hana lalacewar "popcorning" yayin gishiri.

6.3 Gishiri da Hannu da Kariya na Gyara

Idan gishiri da hannu ya zama dole, ana ba da shawarar kulawa sosai. Ya kamata a yi amfani da guntun ƙarfe mai zafin ƙarshe ƙasa da 350°C da ƙimar watsawa ƙasa da 25W. Lokacin tuntuɓar kowane tasha bai kamata ya wuce daƙiƙa 3 ba. Ya kamata a bar tazara mafi ƙanƙanta na daƙiƙa 2 tsakanin gishiri kowane tasha. Ana ƙarfafa hana gyara bayan gishiri na farko. Idan ba za a iya kaucewa ba, ya kamata a yi amfani da guntun ƙarfe na musamman mai kai biyu don dumama tashoshi biyu lokaci ɗaya don guje wa matsin lamba na injiniya akan fakitin.

7. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tattarawa

Ana samar da samfurin akan tef mai ƙima tare da girmansu da aka keɓance don fakitin 15-21. Ana nannade tef ɗin akan daidaitaccen reeli mai diamita inci 7 (178mm). Kowane reeli yana ɗauke da guda 2000. An ba da girman reeli, tef, da murfin tef a cikin zane-zanen bayanin bayanai don tabbatar da dacewa da masu ciyarwa ta atomatik.

7.2 Bayanin Alamar

Alamar reeli ta ƙunshi mahimman lambobi da yawa: P/N (Lambar Samfur: 15-21/BHC-AN1P2/2T), QTY (Adadin Tattarawa: 2000), CAT (Matsayi na Ƙarfin Hasken, misali, N1, P2), HUE (Matsayi na Launi/Babban Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa, misali, A10, A12), REF (Matsayi na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba), da LOT No (Lambar Lot Mai Bincike). Filin CPN don lambar ɓangaren cikin gida na abokin ciniki ne.

8. Shawarwari na Ƙirar Aikace-aikace

8.1 Bukatar Iyakance Ƙarfin Lantarki

LED na'urori ne masu motsa ƙarfin lantarki. Resistan mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki a jere yana da mahimmanci a cikin ƙirar da'ira don hana guduwar zafi da lalacewa. Bayanin bayanai yana nuna cewa ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba zai iya haifar da babban ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki. Ya kamata a ƙididdige ƙimar resistor bisa ga ƙarfin lantarki na wadata (V_supply), matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED (V_F, misali, 3.3V), da ƙarfin lantarki na aiki da ake so (I_F, dole ne ya zama ≤25mA ci gaba). Tsarin shine R = (V_supply - V_F) / I_F.

8.3 La'akari da Gudanar da Zafi

Ko da yake ƙanƙanta, LED tana watsa zafi (har zuwa 95mW). Don aiki mai aminci na dogon lokaci, musamman a yanayin zafi mai girma ko kusa da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki, ya kamata a yi amfani da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB (ƙafafun taimakon zafi) don fitar da zafi daga haɗin gishiri da guntu LED kanta. Yin aiki a ƙarƙashin ƙarfin lantarki ƙasa da matsakaicin ƙididdiga yana inganta rayuwa da aminci sosai.

9. Kwatancin Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban bambancin fakitin LED 15-21 idan aka kwatanta da manyan LED SMD (misali, 3528, 5050) ko LED na rami shine ƙaramin girman sa, wanda ke ba da damar ƙirar ƙanƙanta. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran LED masu ƙanƙanta, manyan fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 130 don daidaitaccen haskakawa, bin ƙa'idodin muhalli masu tsauri (RoHS, Maras Halogen), da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai don haɗawa ta atomatik. Cikakken tsarin rarrabuwa yana ba masu ƙira sigogi na aiki masu hasashe don launi da haske.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Bisa Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya kunna wannan LED kai tsaye daga wadataccen 5V ba tare da resistor ba?

A: A'a. Wannan tabbas zai lalata LED. Dole ne ku yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin lantarki a jere kamar yadda aka bayyana a sashe na 8.1.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin Matsakaicin Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa da Babban Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa?

A: Matsakaicin tsawon raƙuman ruwa (λ_p) shine tsawon raƙuman ruwa inda bakan fitarwa yake da mafi girman ƙarfinsa. Babban tsawon raƙuman ruwa (λ_d) shine tsawon raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya na haske mai launi ɗaya wanda ya dace da launin da ake gani na LED. λ_d ya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin rukuni (misali, P2 A11) lokacin yin oda?

A: Lambar rukuni tana ƙayyadadden kewayon aikin da aka garanta. "P2" yana nufin ƙarfin haske yana tsakanin 57.0 da 72.0 mcd. "A11" yana nufin babban tsawon raƙuman ruwa yana tsakanin 470.5 da 473.5 nm. Ya kamata ku zaɓi rukunoni waɗanda suka cika buƙatun mafi ƙanƙanta haske da daidaiton launi na aikace-aikacenku.

Q: Shin wannan LED ta dace da hasken allon mota?

A: Duk da yake an jera ta don hasken baya na allon, sashen "Ƙuntataccen Aikace-aikace" ya bayyana a sarari cewa aikace-aikacen aminci mai girma kamar tsarin amincin mota na iya buƙatar samfura daban-daban. Don irin waɗannan aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci, shawarwari tare da mai kera kuma yuwuwar amfani da abu mai cancantar AEC-Q102 yana da mahimmanci.

11: Nazarin Ƙira da Amfani

Labari: Ƙirar allon nuna matsayi mai ƙanƙanta don na'urar likita mai ɗauka.

Ƙirar tana buƙatar LED shudi guda huɗu na matsayi a cikin ƙaramin sarari. An zaɓi fakitin 15-21 saboda ƙaramin girman sa. Mai ƙira ya zaɓi rukunin haske P1 (45-57 mcd) don tabbatar da isasshen gani. An zaɓi rukunin tsawon raƙuman ruwa A10 (467.5-470.5 nm) don daidaiton launi. Da'irar tana aiki da layin 3.3V. Ta amfani da matsakaicin V_F na 3.3V a 20mA, za a yi amfani da ƙaramin resistor a jere (misali, 0-1 Ohm) ko direba mai ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun da aka saita zuwa 18mA (don gefe). Tsarin shimfidar PCB ya haɗa da ƙafafun zafi waɗanda aka haɗa zuwa filin ƙasa don watsa zafi. Haɗawa yana bin ƙayyadadden bayanin martaba, kuma ana amfani da na'urori masu hankali ga danshi a cikin ƙayyadadden rayuwar bene bayan buɗe jakar.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan LED tana aiki bisa ka'idar hasken lantarki a cikin haɗin gwiwar p-n na semiconductor. Yankin aiki an yi shi da InGaN. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin da aka gina a cikin haɗin gwiwa, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yankin aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gami na InGaN yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kuma ke ƙayyade tsawon raƙuman ruwa (launi) na hasken da aka fitar, a wannan yanayin, shudi. Lulluɓin resin mai tsabta yana kare guntu semiconductor kuma yana aiki azaman ruwan tabarau don siffata fitarwar haske.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Haɓaka LED SMD kamar fakitin 15-21 yana motsa shi ta hanyar ci gaba da ƙanƙanta da ƙara aiki a cikin na'urorin lantarki. Manyan abubuwan da ke faruwa a wannan yanki sun haɗa da ci gaba da rage girman fakitin yayin kiyayewa ko ƙara fitarwar haske (ingantacciyar inganci), ingantaccen bayyana launi da daidaito ta hanyar ci gaba da rarrabuwa da fasahar guntu, da ingantaccen aminci don aiki a cikin mawuyacin yanayi (zafi mai girma, danshi). Bugu da ƙari, haɗawa tare da direbobi masu hankali da haɓaka jerin micro-LED don aikace-aikacen nuni suna wakiltar manyan hanyoyin gaba a fasahar hasken ƙwaƙƙwaran jiki.