Bayanin Fasaha na SMD LED LTST-108TBKT - Girman 3.2x2.8x1.9mm - Ƙarfin Lantarki 2.8-3.8V - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 80mW - InGaN Blue - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakken bayanin fasaha na na'urar haske mai haske (LED) mai hawa a saman (SMD). An ƙera wannan ɓangaren don tsarin haɗa allon da'ira da aka buga (PCB) ta atomatik, wanda ya sa ya dace da samarwa mai yawa. Girman sa na ƙanƙanta yana magance buƙatun aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari a cikin sassa daban-daban na lantarki.

1.1 Siffofi

• Yana bin umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari).
• An shirya shi a cikin tef na 8mm akan reels mai diamita 7-inch don kayan aikin zaɓi da sanyawa ta atomatik.
• Madaidaicin tsarin fakitin EIA don dacewar ƙira.
• Daidaitaccen shigar da dabaru, ya dace don tuƙi kai tsaye daga da'irar dijital na yau da kullun.
• An ƙera shi don dacewa da tsarin sanyawa ta atomatik da infrared (IR) reflow.
• An riga an shirya shi zuwa Matakin Hatsarin Danshi na JEDEC 3.

1.2 Aikace-aikace

Ana amfani da wannan LED azaman nuna matsayi, ɓangaren hasken baya, ko hasken sigina a cikin kayan lantarki iri-iri. Yankunan aikace-aikacen yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Na'urorin sadarwa (misali, wayoyin mara igiya, wayoyin salula).
• Kayan aikin sarrafa ofis (misali, kwamfutocin littafin rubutu, tsarin cibiyar sadarwa).
• Kayan amfanin gida na mabukaci.
• Kayan sarrafa masana'antu da kayan sa ido.
• Allunan alamar cikin gida da hasken gaban allon.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Manufa

Sassan masu zuwa suna cikakken bayanin mahimman ma'auni na lantarki, na gani, da na muhalli waɗanda ke ayyana aikin ɓangaren da iyakokin aiki.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba. Duk ƙimar an ƙayyade su a yanayin zafin jiki (Ta) na 25°C.

• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki (Pd):80 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka yarda a cikin na'urar, musamman azaman zafi daga halin yanzu na gaba.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_F(PEAK)):100 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba na nan take, wanda aka yarda kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms).
• DC Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_F):20 mA. Wannan shine shawarar matsakaicin ci gaba da halin yanzu na gaba don dogon lokaci mai aminci.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki (T_opr):-40°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon yanayin zafin jiki wanda aka ƙera na'urar don yin aiki a cikinsa.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya (T_stg):-40°C zuwa +100°C. Kewayon zafin jiki don ajiyar da ba ta aiki ba.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki-Gani

Ana auna waɗannan halaye a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C, I_F=20mA) kuma suna wakiltar aikin yau da kullun.

• Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (I_V):112.0 - 280.0 mcd (millicandela). Hasken da ake gani na LED kamar yadda aka auna ta na'urar da aka tace zuwa amsawar ido na CIE photopic. Ana sarrafa babban kewayon ta hanyar tsarin binning.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):110° (na yau da kullun). An ayyana shi azaman cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar axial (a kan-axis). Kusurwar 110° tana nuna faɗaɗɗen tsarin fitarwa mai yaduwa wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen nuna alama.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_p):468 nm (na yau da kullun). Tsawon tsawon raƙuman ruwa inda ƙarfin fitarwa na gani ya fi girma.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):465 - 475 nm. Wannan shine tsawon raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ke gani wanda ke ayyana launi (shuɗi). An samo shi daga madaidaitan madaidaitan launi na CIE.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):Lanƙwasa fitarwar bakan yana tsakiya a kusa da matsakaicin tsawon raƙuman ruwa na 468 nm tare da rabin faɗi na yau da kullun na 25 nm, yana ayyana tsaftar launin shuɗi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):2.8 - 3.8 V. Faɗin ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da aka tuƙa shi a ƙayyadaddun halin yanzu na gaba (20mA).
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R):10 μA (matsakaici) a V_R=5V. Ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin karkatar da baya ba; wannan ma'auni don dalilai na gwaji ne kawai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa ƙungiyoyin aiki ko \"kwandon shara.\" Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar abubuwan da suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikace.

3.1 Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F) Binning

Raka'o'in suna cikin Volts a I_F= 20mA. Haƙuri a cikin kowane kwandon shara shine ±0.10V.

• Bin D7: 2.8V (Ƙarami) - 3.0V (Matsakaici)
• Bin D8: 3.0V - 3.2V
• Bin D9: 3.2V - 3.4V
• Bin D10: 3.4V - 3.6V
• Bin D11: 3.6V - 3.8V

3.2 Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (I_V) Binning

Raka'o'in suna cikin millicandela (mcd) a I_F= 20mA. Haƙuri a cikin kowane kwandon shara shine ±11%.

• Bin R1: 112 mcd - 140 mcd
• Bin R2: 140 mcd - 180 mcd
• Bin S1: 180 mcd - 224 mcd
• Bin S2: 224 mcd - 280 mcd

3.3 Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d) Binning

Raka'o'in suna cikin nanometers (nm) a I_F= 20mA. Haƙuri a cikin kowane kwandon shara shine ±1nm.

• Bin AC: 465.0 nm - 470.0 nm
• Bin AD: 470.0 nm - 475.0 nm

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Lanƙwasa na aiki na yau da kullun suna ba da haske game da yadda ma'auni ke canzawa tare da yanayin aiki. Waɗannan suna da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar ƙarfi.

4.1 Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Lanƙwasa I-V yana nuna alaƙar ƙima tsakanin halin yanzu da ƙarfin lantarki. Yin amfani da LED yana buƙatar tsarin iyakance halin yanzu (misali, resistor na jerin ko direban halin yanzu akai-akai) don hana wuce matsakaicin ƙimar halin yanzu, saboda ƙananan ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na iya haifar da manyan ƙaruwa a cikin halin yanzu.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba

Wannan lanƙwasa yawanci yana nuna alaƙar kusa da layi tsakanin halin yanzu na tuƙi da fitarwar haske a cikin shawarar kewayon aiki. Duk da haka, inganci na iya raguwa a halin yanzu mai yawa saboda ƙaruwar tasirin zafi.

4.3 Rarraba Bakan

The spectral output curve centers around the peak wavelength of 468 nm with a typical half-width of 25 nm, defining the blue color purity.

4.4 Dogaro da Zazzabi

Mahimman ma'auni kamar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da ƙarfin haske suna dogara da zafin jiki. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yawanci yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin haɗin gwiwa, yayin da ƙarfin haske gabaɗaya yana raguwa. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da sarrafa zafi, musamman a cikin aikace-aikacen ƙarfin wutar lantarki ko babban yanayin zafi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakiti

5.1 Girman Fakiti

Bangaren yana da daidaitaccen fakiti na SMD. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da girman jiki na kusan 3.2mm a tsayi, 2.8mm a faɗi, da tsayi na 1.9mm. Duk iyakokin girma suna ±0.2mm sai dai idan an lura daban. Launin ruwan tabarau yana da tsabta, kuma launin tushen haske shine InGaN blue.

5.2 Shawarar Tsarin Kafaffen PCB

An ba da zanen tsarin ƙasa don ƙirar sawun PCB. An inganta wannan tsarin don samar da haɗin gwiwar gini mai aminci yayin haɗa infrared ko tururi reflow, yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen haɗin injiniya da ɓarnar zafi.

5.3 Ganewar Polarity

Ana nuna cathode ta hanyar alamar gani akan fakiti, kamar tsaga, kore dot, ko yanke kusurwa. Dole ne a kiyaye daidaitaccen polarity yayin haɗawa don tabbatar da aikin da ya dace.

6. Jagororin Haɗawa da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Zafin IR Reflow

An ba da shawarar bayanin yanayin zafin jiki wanda ya dace da J-STD-020B don hanyoyin haɗawa marasa gubar (Pb-free). Mahimman ma'auni sun haɗa da:

• Zafin Jiki Kafin:150-200°C
• Lokacin Dumama Kafin:Matsakaicin dakika 120.
• Matsakaicin Zazzabi:Matsakaicin 260°C.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus:Kamar yadda aka ba da lanƙwasa bayanin martaba.
• Jimlar Lokacin Haɗawa:Matsakaicin dakika 10 a matsakaicin zafin jiki (an yarda da zagayowar reflow biyu kawai).

Lura:Mafi kyawun bayanin martaba ya dogara da takamaiman ƙirar PCB, manna gami, da tanda. Bayanin da aka bayar yana aiki azaman manufa ta gaba ɗaya bisa ma'auni na JEDEC.

6.2 Haɗa Hannu

Idan haɗa hannu ya zama dole, yi amfani da ƙarfe na haɗawa tare da zafin jiki bai wuce 300°C ba. Lokacin tuntuɓar ya kamata a iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin dakika 3, kuma wannan ya kamata a yi sau ɗaya kawai.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan haɗawa, yi amfani da kaushi da aka ƙayyade kawai. Nitsar LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya yana da kyau. Masu tsabtace sinadarai da ba a bayyana ba na iya lalata kayan fakiti.

6.4 Ajiya da Sarrafawa

• Fakitin da aka rufe:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤70% Danshi na Dangi (RH). Tsawon rayuwar shimfidar shekara ɗaya lokacin da aka adana shi a cikin jakar kariya daga danshi ta asali tare da desiccant.
• Fakitin da aka buɗe:Don abubuwan da aka cire daga jakar kariya daga danshi, yanayin ajiyar bai kamata ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Ana ba da shawarar kammala haɗa IR reflow a cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) na fallasa.
• Faɗaɗa Fallasa:LEDs da aka fallasa fiye da sa'o'i 168 yakamata a gasa su a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 48 kafin haɗa gami don cire danshin da aka sha da hana \"popcorning\" yayin reflow.

7. Bayanin Fakiti da Oda

7.1 Tef da Ƙayyadaddun Reel

Ana samar da abubuwan a cikin tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya tare da tef ɗin murfi.

• Faɗin Tef ɗin Mai ɗaukar Kaya: 8mm.
• Diamita na Reel:7 inches (178mm).
• Adadin kowane Reel:Guda 4000.
• Matsakaicin Adadin Oda (MOQ):Guda 500 don sauran adadi.
• Fakitin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

8.1 Da'irar Aikace-aikacen Yau da Kullun

Dole ne a tuƙi LED tare da na'urar iyakance halin yanzu. Hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce resistor na jerin. Ƙimar resistor (R_s) za a iya ƙididdige shi ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R_s= (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Yi amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga takardun bayanan (misali, 3.8V) don tabbatar da isasshen halin yanzu a ƙarƙashin duk yanayi. Misali, tare da wadata 5V da manufa I_Fna 20mA: R_s= (5V - 3.8V) / 0.020A = 60Ω. Daidaitaccen resistor na 62Ω ko 68Ω zai dace. Don daidaito ko kwanciyar hankali, ana ba da shawarar direban halin yanzu akai-akai.

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Yayin da ɓarnar wutar lantarki ta yi ƙasa (80mW), ingantaccen ƙirar zafi akan PCB har yanzu yana da mahimmanci don tsawon rai da ingantaccen aiki, musamman a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma ko wuraren da aka rufe. Tabbatar cewa ƙirar kafaffen PCB yana ba da isasshen taimakon zafi da kuma la'akari da gabaɗayan shimfidar allon don ɓarnar zafi.

8.3 Ƙirar Gani

Faɗin kusurwar kallo na 110° ya sa wannan LED ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar faɗin ganuwa. Don haske mai mai da hankali ko jagora, za a buƙaci na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau, jagororin haske). Ruwan tabarau mai tsabta yana da kyau don fitar da launi na gaskiya.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Wannan ɓangaren yana cikin dangin daidaitattun LED na SMD. Mahimman bambance-bambancensa sun haɗa da takamaiman haɗin guntun InGaN shuɗi, faɗin kusurwar kallo, da tsarin binning don V_F, I_V, da λ_d. Idan aka kwatanta da madadin da ba a binne su ko faɗi, yana ba masu ƙira ikon sarrafa daidaiton launi da daidaiton haske a cikin tsararrun LED masu yawa, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikace kamar hasken baya ko alamomin matsayi inda ake buƙatar kamanni iri ɗaya.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

10.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon da Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon?

Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_p)shine tsawon raƙuman ruwa na zahiri inda LED ke fitar da mafi yawan ƙarfin gani.Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d)ƙimar ƙididdiga ce bisa ga fahimtar launin ɗan adam (madaidaitan CIE) wanda ya fi wakiltar launin da muke gani. Don LED masu launi ɗaya kamar wannan shuɗi, sau da yawa suna kusa, amma λ_dshine ma'auni mai dacewa don daidaitawar launi.

10.2 Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED tare da wadata 3.3V ba tare da resistor ba?

No.Ba a ba da shawarar wannan kuma yana iya lalata LED. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana daga 2.8V zuwa 3.8V. A 3.3V, LED tare da V_Fa ƙarshen ƙasan kewayon (misali, 2.9V) zai fuskanci haɓakar halin yanzu mara sarrafawa kuma mai yuwuwar lalacewa. Koyaushe yi amfani da tsarin iyakance halin yanzu.

10.3 Me ya sa akwai tsawon rayuwar bene na sa'o'i 168 bayan buɗe jakar shinge na danshi?

Fakitin SMD na iya sha danshi daga yanayi. Yayin babban tsarin haɗa reflow na zafin jiki, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya yin tururi cikin sauri, yana haifar da matsa lamba na ciki wanda zai iya fashe fakiti (\"popcorning\" ko \"delamination\"). Iyakar sa'o'i 168 ita ce lokacin fallasa mai aminci don ƙayyadadden Matakin Hatsarin Danshi (MSL 3) kafin a buƙaci gasa.

11. Ƙirar Aiki da Amfani da Hali

Yanayi: Ƙirar allon matsayi mai yawa don na'urar hanyar sadarwa.Allon yana buƙatar LED shuɗi guda 10 iri ɗaya don nuna ayyukan haɗin gwiwa da matsayin wutar lantarki. Don tabbatar da cewa duk LED suna bayyana daidai da haske da inuwar shuɗi iri ɗaya, mai ƙira ya kamata ya ƙayyade ƙaƙƙarfan lambobin kwandon shara lokacin yin oda. Misali, ƙayyade Bin S1 don ƙarfi (180-224 mcd) da Bin AC don tsawon raƙuman ruwa (465-470 nm) zai tabbatar da daidaiton gani a duk faɗin allon. Da'irar tuƙi za ta yi amfani da layin dogo na 5V na gama-gari tare da resistors na jerin 68Ω na kowane LED, wanda aka ƙididdige shi bisa matsakaicin V_Fdon tabbatar da isasshen halin yanzu ko da ga LED a cikin manyan kwandon shara na ƙarfin lantarki.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Diodes masu fitar da haske (LEDs) na'urorin semiconductor ne waɗanda ke fitar da haske ta hanyar electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin gwiwar p-n, electrons daga kayan n-type suna sake haɗuwa da ramuka daga kayan p-type a cikin yanki mai aiki. Wannan tsarin sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman launi (tsawon raƙuman ruwa) na fitar da haske an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su a cikin yanki mai aiki. Wannan takamaiman LED yana amfani da Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN) azaman kayan aiki, wanda ke da ikon samar da haske mai inganci a cikin bakan shuɗi.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Ci gaban SMD LEDs yana ci gaba da mayar da hankali kan wasu mahimman wurare da yawa: ƙara ingancin haske (ƙarin fitarwar haske a kowace watt na lantarki), ingantaccen bayyanar launi da daidaito, ƙarin ƙananan fakiti, da ingantaccen aminci a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki mafi girma na zafi da halin yanzu. Amfani da manyan kayan semiconductor kamar InGaN ya kasance mai mahimmanci wajen cimma manyan LED shuɗi da kore, waɗanda kuma su ne tushen samar da farin haske ta hanyar jujjuyawar phosphor. Yarjejeniya zuwa atomatik da Intanet na Abubuwa (IoT) yana haifar da buƙatar amintacce, ƙanƙanta, da mafita mai inganci na nuna alama kamar wannan ɓangaren.