Bayanin Fasaha na LED SMD 17-21 Mai Haske Orange - Kunshin 2.0x1.25x0.8mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 1.75-2.35V - Ƙarfin Wuta 60mW - Takardun Fasaha na Turanci

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

Na'urar 17-21/S2C-AP1Q2B/3T LED ce da aka tsara don haɗa kayan lantarki masu yawa. Babban aikinta shine ba da alamar orange mai haske ko hasken baya. Babban fa'idar wannan kayan aikin shine ƙaramin girmansa, wanda ya kai kusan 2.0mm x 1.25mm, wanda ke ba da damar ajiye sarari sosai akan allunan da'ira (PCBs) idan aka kwatanta da LED na gargajiya. Wannan rage girman yana taimakawa wajen ƙirƙirar samfuran ƙarshe masu ƙanƙanta, rage buƙatun ajiya na kayan aiki, da ƙara yawan adadin kayan aikin da ake haɗawa akan reels da PCBs. An gina na'urar ta amfani da guntu na semiconductor AIGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide), wanda aka lulluɓe a cikin ruwan tabarau na resin mai tsabta. Wannan haɗin kayan ne ke samar da launin orange mai haske da ya saba. Samfurin ya cika ka'idojin muhalli na zamani, ba shi da gubar, ya bi ka'idojin RoHS, ya bi ka'idojin EU REACH, kuma ba shi da halogen (tare da Bromine <900ppm, Chlorine <900ppm, Br+Cl < 1500ppm). Ana ba da shi akan tef ɗin 8mm da aka ɗora akan reels masu diamita 7-inch, wanda ya sa ya dace da na'urorin haɗawa ta atomatik masu sauri.

2. Zurfin Bincike na Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsayin Matsayi

An tsara na'urar don yin aiki cikin aminci a cikin ƙayyadaddun iyakokin lantarki da zafin jiki. Wucewa waɗannan Matsakaicin Matsayin Matsayi na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya (VR) shine 5V. Ci gaba da gaba na gaba (IF) bai kamata ya wuce 25mA ba. Don aikin bugun jini, ana iya yarda da ƙarfin gaba na gaba (IFP) na 60mA a ƙarƙashin zagayowar aiki na 1/10 a 1kHz. Jimlar ƙarfin wutar lantarki (Pd) don kunshin yana iyakance zuwa 60mW. Na'urar na iya jure fitar da wutar lantarki (ESD) na 2000V bisa Tsarin Jikin Mutum (HBM). Kewayon zafin aiki (Topr) daga -40°C zuwa +85°C ne, yayin da kewayon zafin ajiya (Tstg) ya fi faɗi kaɗan daga -40°C zuwa +90°C. Don yin gishiri, zai iya jure tsarin sake kunnawa tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C har zuwa dakika 10, ko gishiri na hannu a 350°C har zuwa dakika 3 kowace tasha.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Gani

Ana auna mahimman sigogin aiki a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C da ƙarfin gaba (IF) na 20mA. Ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana da kewayon yau da kullun daga 45.00 mcd zuwa 112.00 mcd, wanda aka rarraba zuwa takamaiman kwandon shara. Kallon kusurwa (2θ1/2), wanda aka ayyana shi azaman cikakken kusurwa a rabin ƙarfi, yawanci digiri 140 ne, yana ba da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen nuni da yawa. Halayen bakan suna da ma'anar tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λp) na 611 nm da kewayon tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λd) daga 600.50 nm zuwa 612.50 nm. Faɗin bakan (Δλ) yana kusan 17 nm. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (VF) da ake buƙata don tuƙi LED a 20mA ya bambanta daga 1.75V zuwa 2.35V, kuma an tsara shi cikin kwandon shara. An tabbatar da ƙarfin baya (IR) ya zama ƙasa da 10 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya na 5V, ko da yake ba a nufin na'urar don aikin baya ba.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED ɗin cikin kwandon shara bisa mahimman sigogi uku: Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken, Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa, da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba.

3.1 Kwandon Shara na Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken

Ana rarraba fitarwar haske zuwa kwandon shara huɗu (P1, P2, Q1, Q2) lokacin da aka tuƙa shi a IF=20mA. Kwandon shara na P1 ya ƙunshi kewayon daga 45.00 mcd zuwa 57.00 mcd. P2 ya ƙunshi 57.00 mcd zuwa 72.00 mcd. Q1 ya ƙunshi 72.00 mcd zuwa 90.00 mcd. Mafi girman fitarwa, Q2, ya ƙunshi 90.00 mcd zuwa 112.00 mcd. Ana amfani da jurewar ±11% a cikin kowane kwandon shara.

3.2 Kwandon Shara na Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa

Tsayin raƙuman ruwa, wanda ke ayyana launin da ake gani, ana rarraba shi zuwa kwandon shara huɗu (D8, D9, D10, D11). D8 ya bambanta daga 600.50 nm zuwa 603.50 nm. D9 ya bambanta daga 603.50 nm zuwa 606.50 nm. D10 ya bambanta daga 606.50 nm zuwa 609.50 nm. D11 ya bambanta daga 609.50 nm zuwa 612.50 nm. An ƙayyade jurewar ±1nm.

3.3 Kwandon Shara na Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba

Ana rarraba faɗuwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba zuwa kwandon shara uku (0, 1, 2) don taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'ira, musamman don lissafin resistor mai iyakancewa. Kwandon shara 0 ya ƙunshi 1.75V zuwa 1.95V. Kwandon shara 1 ya ƙunshi 1.95V zuwa 2.15V. Kwandon shara 2 ya ƙunshi 2.15V zuwa 2.35V. An lura da jurewar ±0.1V.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa na Aiki

Takardun bayanan yana ba da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Tsarin Radiation

Zanen radiation yana nuna rarraba sararin samaniya na ƙarfin haske. Tsarin yawanci Lambertian ne ko kusa da Lambertian, tare da ƙarfin dangi da aka tsara akan kusurwar kallo. Kusurwar kallon digiri 140 ta tabbatar da fitarwa mai faɗi, mai watse wanda ya dace da hasken yanki ko alamun da ke buƙatar ganuwa mai faɗi.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken Dangi vs. Ƙarfin Gaba

Wannan lanƙwasa yana kwatanta alaƙar da ba ta da layi tsakanin ƙarfin tuƙi da fitarwar haske. Ƙarfin haske yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin lantarki amma a ƙarshe zai cika. Yin aiki sosai sama da shawarar 20mA na iya haifar da raguwar inganci da haɓaka tsufa.

4.3 Ƙarfin Hasken Dangi vs. Zafin Yanayi

Wannan jadawali yana da mahimmanci ga sarrafa zafin jiki. Fitarwar haske tana raguwa yayin da zafin yanayi ke tashi. Misali, a matsakaicin zafin aiki na +85°C, fitarwa na iya zama ƙasa da na 25°C sosai. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan a cikin ƙira inda ake buƙatar daidaiton haske a cikin kewayon zafin jiki.

4.4 Lanƙwasa Rage Ƙarfin Gaba

Wannan lanƙwasa yana ayyana matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba da aka yarda da shi azaman aikin zafin yanayi. Yayin da zafin jiki ke ƙaruwa, matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai aminci yana raguwa don hana wuce iyakar 60mW na ƙarfin wutar lantarki da kuma sarrafa zafin haɗin gwiwa, yana tabbatar da dogon lokacin aminci.

4.5 Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Gaba

Wannan halayen IV (Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki-Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki) yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni da aka saba da diode. Sanin wannan lanƙwasa yana taimakawa wajen ƙirƙirar da'ira mai iyakancewa da ya dace.

4.6 Rarraba Bakan

Jadawalin rarraba ƙarfin bakan yana nuna ƙarfin hasken da aka fitar a tsawon raƙuman ruwa, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a kusa da kololuwar 611nm. Ƙunƙarar bandwidth (~17nm) tana nuna launin orange mai tsafta.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

LED yana da ƙaramin kunshin rectangular. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da tsayin gabaɗaya, faɗi, da tsayi. An gano cathode ta hanyar takamaiman alama a jikin kunshin, wanda ke da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen alkibla yayin haɗawa. Duk ƙayyadaddun jurewar ba a ƙayyade su ba yawanci ±0.1mm.

5.2 Reel, Tef, da Kunshin Mai Hatsarin Danshi

Ana ba da kayan aikin a cikin kunshin mai jure danshi. An sanya su a cikin tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya tare da takamaiman girman aljihu, an nannade su akan reel mai diamita 7-inch. Kowace reel tana ƙunshe da guda 3000. Kunshin ya haɗa da desiccant kuma an rufe shi a cikin jakar aluminum mai hana danshi. Alamun da ke kan jakar suna ba da mahimman bayanai: Lambar Samfurin Abokin Ciniki (CPN), Lambar Samfurin (P/N), Adadin Tattarawa (QTY), Matsayin Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (CAT), Matsayin Launi/Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa (HUE), Matsayin Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (REF), da Lambar Lot (LOT No).

6. Jagororin Gishiri & Haɗawa

6.1 Ajiya da Kula da Kulawa

LED ɗin na'urori ne masu kula da danshi (MSD). Ba za a buɗe jakar da ba a buɗe ba har sai an shirya kayan aikin don amfani. Bayan buɗewa, LED ɗin da ba a yi amfani da su ba yakamata a adana su a yanayin 30°C ko ƙasa da haka da danshi na dangi 60% ko ƙasa da haka. "Rayuwar bene" bayan buɗe jakar shine sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7). Idan kayan aikin sun wuce wannan lokacin ko kuma mai nuna desiccant ya canza launi, ana buƙatar maganin gasa a 60 ±5°C na tsawon awanni 24 kafin amfani da su don cire danshin da aka ɗauka da hana "popcorning" yayin gishiri sake kunnawa.

6.2 Bayanin Gishiri Sake Kunnawa

An ƙayyade bayanin gishiri sake kunnawa mara gubar. Mahimman sigogi sun haɗa da: matakin kafin dumama tsakanin 150-200°C na dakika 60-120; lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (217°C) na dakika 60-150; matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba, an riƙe shi har zuwa dakika 10; matsakaicin ƙimar dumama da sanyaya. Ba za a yi gishiri sake kunnawa fiye da sau biyu akan kayan aikin guda ɗaya ba.

6.3 Gishiri Hannu & Gyara

Idan gishiri na hannu ya zama dole, dole ne a yi kulawa sosai. Zafin ƙarshen gishiri na ƙarfe yakamata ya zama ƙasa da 350°C, a yi amfani da shi akan kowace tasha ba fiye da dakika 3 ba. Ƙarfin gishiri na ƙarfe yakamata ya zama 25W ko ƙasa da haka. Yakamata a bar tazarar aƙalla dakika 2 tsakanin gishiri kowace tasha. Ana ƙin gyara sosai. Idan ba za a iya kaucewa ba, yakamata a yi amfani da gishiri na ƙarfe mai kai biyu don dumama tashoshi biyu lokaci guda kuma a guji matsin lamba na injiniya akan haɗin gishiri. Yuwuwar lalata LED yayin gyara yana da yawa.

6.4 La'akari da Ƙirar Da'ira

Resistor mai iyakancewa na waje ya zama dole. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na LED yana da ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau, ma'ana yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ke tashi. Ba tare da resistor na jerin ba, ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki ko raguwa a cikin VF na iya haifar da babban ƙarfin gaba, mai yuwuwar lalacewa. Dole ne a ƙididdige ƙimar resistor bisa ƙarfin wutar lantarki, kwandon shara na ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na LED, da ƙarfin aikin da ake so (yawanci 20mA ko ƙasa da haka).

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Launin orange mai haske da ƙaramin girma sun sa wannan LED ya dace da aikace-aikace iri-iri: Hasken baya don allunan kayan aikin, maɓalli, da alamomi; Alamomin matsayi a cikin kayan aikin sadarwa kamar wayoyi da na'urorin faks; Fitilun nuni na gabaɗaya a cikin kayan lantarki na mabukaci, sarrafa masana'antu, da cikin motoci; Hasken baya mai lebur don ƙananan allunan LCD.

7.2 La'akari da Ƙira

Lokacin haɗa wannan LED, dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da abubuwa da yawa:Ƙarfin Tuƙi:Koyaushe yi amfani da tushen ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun ko tushen ƙarfin wutar lantarki tare da resistor na jerin.Gudanar da Zafin Jiki:Tabbatar da isasshen yankin jan ƙarfe na PCB ko ramukan zafi idan ana aiki a manyan yanayin zafi ko kusa da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki don sarrafa zafin haɗin gwiwa.Ƙirar Gani:Kusurwar kallo mai faɗi na iya buƙatar jagororin haske ko masu watsewa don siffanta haske don takamaiman aikace-aikace.Kariya ta ESD:Aiwatar da matakan kariya na ESD na yau da kullun yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa, kamar yadda ƙimar HBM na 2000V, yayin da yake da ƙarfi, ana iya wuce shi a cikin yanayin da ba a sarrafa shi ba.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohin LED ta hanyar rami, wannan LED SMD yana ba da fa'idodi masu yawa: rage sararin allon sama da 70%, dacewa da cikakken haɗawa ta atomatik yana rage farashin aiki, da ingantaccen aminci saboda rashin lanƙwasa. A cikin kasuwar LED SMD, mahimman bambance-bambancen sa shine amfani da fasahar AIGaInP don hasken orange mai inganci (mafi girma fiye da LED ɗin da aka tace ko rini), takamaiman bin buƙatun marasa halogen, da cikakken tsarin rarrabuwa wanda ke ba da damar daidaita launi da haske daidai gwargwado a cikin samarwa. Haɗin ƙarfin haske mai yawa don girmansa da ƙaramin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba yana ba da gudummawar ingantaccen ƙarfin wutar lantarki gabaɗaya.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa Sigogin Fasaha)

Q: Wane ƙimar resistor yakamata in yi amfani da shi tare da samar da 5V?

A: Ƙimar ta dogara da kwandon shara na ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (VF) na LED. Ta amfani da mafi munin yanayi (VF mafi ƙanƙanta) na 1.75V da manufar ƙarfin lantarki na 20mA: R = (Vsupply - Vf) / If = (5V - 1.75V) / 0.02A = 162.5 Ohms. Dangantakar daidaitaccen 160 ko 180 Ohm zai dace. Koyaushe lissafta don takamaiman kwandon shara na VF da kuke amfani da shi kuma tabbatar da ɓarnar wutar lantarki a cikin resistor.

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙi wannan LED tare da siginar PWM don duhu?

A: Ee, canjin faɗin bugun jini (PWM) hanya ce mai inganci don duhu LED. Tabbatar cewa matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki a cikin kowane bugun jini bai wuce ƙimar 60mA ba, kuma matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki akan lokaci bai wuce ƙimar ci gaba na 25mA ba. Mitoci 100Hz zuwa 1kHz na yau da kullun.

Q: Me yasa lokacin ajiya bayan buɗe jakar ya iyakance zuwa kwanaki 7?

A: Kayan kunshin filastik na iya ɗaukar danshi daga iska. A lokacin babban zafin jiki na sake kunnawa gishiri, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya faɗaɗa cikin sauri zuwa tururi, yana haifar da rabuwa na ciki ko fashe ("popcorning"), wanda ke lalata kayan aikin. Iyakar kwanaki 7 ta dogara ne akan matakin hankali na danshi (MSL) na kunshin.

Q: Ta yaya zafin jiki ke shafar fitarwar haske?

A: Fitarwar haske tana da ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau. Yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru, ingancin haske yana raguwa, yana haifar da ƙaramin fitarwar haske don ƙarfin tuƙi iri ɗaya. Lanƙwasa ayyuka a sashe na 4 suna ƙididdige wannan alaƙar, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a cikin yanayi mai zafi.

10. Nazarin Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi: Ƙirƙirar allon matsayi mai nuni da yawa don mai sarrafa masana'antu.Allon yana buƙatar LED 20 iri ɗaya mai haske orange don nuna yanayin tsarin daban-daban. Don tabbatar da kamanni iri ɗaya, ƙayyade LED daga kwandon shara ɗaya na ƙarfin haske (misali, Q1) da kwandon shara ɗaya na tsayin raƙuman ruwa (misali, D10) yana da mahimmanci. Tsarin PCB dole ne ya haɗa da takamaiman gatura masu girman daidai gwargwado bisa zanen kunshin da resistor mai iyakancewa ga kowane LED, wanda aka ƙididdige shi bisa tsarin samar da dabaru na 3.3V na tsarin da zaɓaɓɓen kwandon shara na VF. Don sauƙaƙe haɗawa, ƙirar yakamata ta yi amfani da tsarin tef-da-reel kai tsaye tare da na'urorin sanyawa ta atomatik. Tsarin samarwa dole ne ya bi bayanin sake kunnawa kuma ya sarrafa rayuwar bene na kwanaki 7 don buɗe reel don hana asarar yawan amfanin ƙasa saboda danshi.

11. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Aiki

Fitarwar haske a cikin wannan LED ya dogara ne akan electroluminescence a cikin haɗin gwiwar p-n semiconductor da aka yi da AIGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin da aka gina a cikin haɗin gwiwa, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. Anan, sun sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman ƙarfin bandgap na gami na AIGaInP yana ƙayyade tsayin raƙuman ruwa (launi) na hasken da aka fitar, wanda a wannan yanayin yana cikin bakan orange (~611 nm). Resin na epoxy mai tsabta na ruwa yana kare guntu na semiconductor, yana ba da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya, kuma yana aiki azaman ruwan tabarau don siffanta tsarin fitarwar haske.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Gabaɗayan yanayin a cikin LED na nuni na SMD yana ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci (ƙarin lumens ko millicandelas kowace watt), ƙananan girman kunshin don ƙara yawan adadin, da ingantaccen daidaiton launi ta hanyar ƙara ƙarfin rarrabuwa. Hakanan akwai ƙaƙƙarfan tuƙi don mafi ingantaccen aminci da dogon rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai faɗi, gami da babban zafin aiki don aikace-aikacen mota da masana'antu. Haɗa fasali, kamar na cikin gida na iyakancewa resistors ko diodes na kariya a cikin kunshin ɗaya, wani ci gaba ne na ci gaba don sauƙaƙe ƙirar da'ira da ajiye sararin allon ƙarin. Bin ka'idojin muhalli, gami da kayan da ba su da halogen da cikakken bin RoHS, ya zama daidaitaccen buƙatu maimakon bambanci.