Bayanin Fasaha na LED SMD 19-213/R6C-AM2P1VY/3T - Ja Mai Haske - 5mA - 2.2V - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

19-213 LED ne na Surface-Mount Device (SMD) wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen nuna alama da hasken baya na gabaɗaya. Yana amfani da guntu na AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide) don samar da fitowar haske mai launin ja mai haske. Wannan kayan yana da siffar girmansa ƙanƙanta, wanda ke sauƙaƙa mafi girman yawan ajiya akan allunan da'ira (PCBs) kuma yana ba da damar ƙirar ƙananan kayan aikin mai amfani. Ana ba da na'urar a kan reels na tef 8mm, wanda ya sa ya dace cikakke da hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik na ɗauka da sanyawa.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da ƙaramin ƙafarsa, ginin nauyi mai sauƙi, da bin ƙa'idodin masana'antu da muhalli na zamani. Ba shi da gubar, ya bi ka'idodin RoHS, ya bi ka'idodin REACH, kuma an rarraba shi a matsayin maras halogen. Waɗannan siffofi sun sa ya dace da kewayon kayan lantarki na masu amfani, kayan aikin sadarwa (misali, wayoyi, na'urorin faks), hasken baya na dashboard na mota da sauyawa, da hasken baya na gabaɗaya don LCDs da alamomi.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken fassara, mai ma'ana na mahimman ma'auni na lantarki, haske, da zafi da aka ƙayyade a cikin takardun bayanan.

2.1 Madaidaicin Iyaka na Gabaɗaya

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki a waje da waɗannan iyakokin.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5V. Wuce wannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin bias na baya zai iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_F):25mA DC. Ya kamata ci gaba da halin yanzu na DC bai wuce wannan ƙimar ba.
• Kololuwar Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_FP):60mA. Wannan yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (duty cycle 1/10, 1kHz) don ɗaukar ƙaruwar wuce gona da iri.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d):60mW. Wannan shine iyakar wutar lantarki da fakitin zai iya watsawa a yanayin zafi na muhalli (T_a) na 25°C.
• Zubar da Lantarki Mai Tsarki (ESD):2000V (Samfurin Jikin Mutum). Hanyoyin sarrafa ESD masu dacewa suna da mahimmanci yayin haɗawa.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +85°C (aiki), -40°C zuwa +90°C (ajiye).
• Zafin Solder:Bayanan reflow kololuwa a 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10; solder da hannu a 350°C na matsakaicin dakika 3 kowace tasha.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na I_F= 5mA da T_a= 25°C. Suna ayyana aikin al'ada na na'urar.

• Ƙarfin Haske (I_v):Ya kewayo daga 22.5 mcd (ƙarami) zuwa 57.0 mcd (matsakaici), tare da matsakaicin jurewar ±11%. Ana ƙayyade ainihin ƙimar ta lambar bin (M2, N1, N2, P1).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Matsakaicin kusurwa mai faɗi 120 digiri, yana ba da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi wanda ya dace da hasken yanki.
• Kololuwar Tsawon Zango (λ_p):Yawanci 632 nm, yana sanya fitarwa a cikin yankin ja na bakan haske da ake iya gani.
• Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (λ_d):An ƙayyade tsakanin 617.5 nm da 633.5 nm, tare da jurewar ±1 nm. Wannan shine ainihin ma'auni na launi, an bin shi azaman E4 zuwa E7.
• Faɗin Bakan (Δλ):Yawanci 20 nm, yana nuna tsaftar bakan na hasken ja.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):Ya kewayo daga 1.70V zuwa 2.20V a 5mA, tare da jurewar ±0.05V. An bin shi daga lamba 19 zuwa 23. Resistor mai iyakancewar halin yanzu ya zama dole a cikin jerin don hana guduwar zafi daga ƙananan sauye-sauyen ƙarfin lantarki.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 µA a V_R=5V. Ba a tsara na'urar don aiki a cikin bias na baya ba.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Ana rarraba samfurin zuwa kwandon shara bisa mahimman ma'auni na aiki don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin kayan samarwa. Masu zane na iya ƙayyade kwandon shara don biyan ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatun aikace-aikace.

3.1 Binning na Ƙarfin Haske

Kwandon shara: M2 (22.5-28.5 mcd), N1 (28.5-36.0 mcd), N2 (36.0-45.0 mcd), P1 (45.0-57.0 mcd). Zaɓin babban kwandon shara (misali, P1) yana ba da garantin mafi girman haske mafi ƙanƙanta.

3.2 Binning na Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye

Kwandon shara: E4 (617.5-621.5 nm), E5 (621.5-625.5 nm), E6 (625.5-629.5 nm), E7 (629.5-633.5 nm). Wannan yana ba da damar daidaiton launi a aikace-aikacen da ake amfani da LED da yawa a gefe.

3.3 Binning na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba

Kwandon shara: 19 (1.70-1.80V), 20 (1.80-1.90V), 21 (1.90-2.00V), 22 (2.00-2.10V), 23 (2.10-2.20V). Daidaita V_Fkwandon shara na iya taimakawa cimma daidaiton raba halin yanzu a cikin tsarin layi daya.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da ba a ƙididdige takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, lanƙwasa na al'ada don irin wannan LED zai haɗa da:

• Lanƙwasa I-V (Halin Yanzu-Ƙarfin Lantarki):Yana nuna alaƙar ƙima tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da halin yanzu. Ƙarfin lantarki na gwiwa yana kusa da 1.7-2.2V.
• Ƙarfin Haske vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Ƙarfin yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu amma yana iya cika a mafi girman halin yanzu saboda tasirin zafi.
• Ƙarfin Haske vs. Yanayin Zafi na Muhalli:Ƙarfin yawanci yana raguwa yayin da yanayin zafi ya tashi, wani muhimmin abu ne don sarrafa zafi.
• Rarraba Bakan:Wani makirci da ke nuna ƙarfin haske mai dangi da tsawon zango, wanda ke tsakiya a kusa da 632 nm tare da bandwidth na ~20 nm.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girmamin Fakitin

LED yana zuwa a cikin daidaitaccen fakitin SMD. Zanen girma yana ƙayyade tsayi, faɗi, tsayi, girman kushin, da matsayinsu tare da matsakaicin jurewar ±0.1mm. Daidaitaccen shimfidar kushin yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen solder da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya.

5.2 Gano Polarity

Ana yiwa alama cathode a jikin na'urar ko kuma a nuna shi a cikin zanen sawun ƙafa. Daidaitaccen alkibla yana da mahimmanci don aikin da'ira.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Solder na Reflow

Ana ba da shawarar bayanin reflow maras gubar: Preheating a 150-200°C na 60-120s, lokaci sama da 217°C (liquidus) na 60-150s, kololuwar zazzabi a 260°C matsakaici na dakika 10 matsakaici. Matsakaicin ƙimar dumama ya kamata ya zama 6°C/s kuma ƙimar sanyaya 3°C/s. Kada a yi reflow fiye da sau biyu.

6.2 Solder da Hannu

Idan solder da hannu ya zama dole, yi amfani da ƙarfe na solder tare da zazzabin ƙarshe a ƙasa da 350°C, yana amfani da zafi ga kowace tasha ba fiye da dakika 3 ba. Yi amfani da ƙarfe mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki (<25W) kuma ku ba da tazarar sanyaya aƙalla dakika 2 tsakanin tashoshi don hana lalacewar zafi.

6.3 Ajiya da Hancin Danshi

Ana tattara abubuwan a cikin jakunkuna masu jure danshi tare da desiccant. Kada ku buɗe jakar har sai an shirya don amfani. Bayan buɗewa, dole ne a adana LED da ba a yi amfani da su ba a ≤ 30°C da ≤ 60% RH kuma a yi amfani da su cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7). Idan ya wuce, ana buƙatar maganin gasa a 60 ± 5°C na awanni 24 kafin reflow.

7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Marufi

Ana ba da LED a cikin tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya akan reels mai diamita inci 7. Kowace reel tana ƙunshe da guda 3000. An ba da girman reel, tef, da murfin tef a cikin takardun bayanan.

7.2 Bayanin Lakabi

Lakabin marufi ya haɗa da mahimman bayanai: Lambar Samfur (P/N), yawa (QTY), da takamaiman lambobin kwandon shara don Ƙarfin Haske (CAT), Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (HUE), da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (REF), tare da Lambar Lot.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

• Masu Nuna Matsayi:Wutar lantarki, haɗin kai, ko masu nuna yanayi a cikin kayan lantarki na masu amfani da na'urorin sadarwa.
• Hasken Baya:Don maɓallan membrane, maɓallan maɓalli, gumakan dashboard na mota, da allunan LCD a cikin buƙatun haske mai ƙanƙanta zuwa matsakaici.
• Hasken Kayan Ado na Gabaɗaya:Inda ake buƙatar ƙaramin girma da takamaiman launin ja.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ake Bukatar Yi La'akari da su a Zane

• Iyakancewar Halin Yanzu:KOYAUŠE yi amfani da resistor na jerin. Ƙididdige ƙimarsa bisa ƙarfin wadata (V_supply), ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED (V_Fdaga kwandon shara), da halin yanzu na gaba da ake so (I_F, ba zai wuce 25mA ba). R = (V_supply- V_F) / I_F.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Ko da yake ƙarancin wutar lantarki, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko taimakon zafi idan yana aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma ko kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu don kiyaye fitowar haske da tsawon rai.
• Kariya ta ESD:Aiwatar da kariyar ESD akan layukan shigar idan LED yana cikin wurin da mai amfani zai iya isa.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fakitin LED ta hanyar rami, wannan LED SMD yana ba da tanadin sarari mai mahimmanci, mafi dacewa don haɗawa ta atomatik, da yuwuwar mafi kyawun aikin zafi saboda haɗin kai kai tsaye na PCB. A cikin nau'in LED ja na SMD, manyan bambance-bambancensa su ne takamaiman fasahar guntu na AlGaInP (wanda ke ba da inganci da launin ja mai haske), faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120, da cikakken bin muhalli (RoHS, Maras Halogen).

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yi akai-akai (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

10.1 Me yasa resistor na jerin ya zama dole?

LEDs na'urori ne masu motsa halin yanzu. Halayensu na V-I yana da ƙima. Ƙananan ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki sama da madaidaicin gwiwa yana haifar da babban, mai yuwuwar lalacewa, ƙaruwa a cikin halin yanzu. Resistor na jerin yana sa halin yanzu ya dogara da ƙimar resistor da ƙarfin wadata, yana ba da sauƙi kuma mai inganci na kusan halin yanzu na akai-akai.

10.2 Shin zan iya amfani da wannan LED tare da wadata na 3.3V ko 5V?

Ee, duka biyun na kowa ne. Don wadata na 3.3V da manufa I_Fna 5mA, tare da V na al'ada_Fna 2.0V, resistor na jerin zai zama R = (3.3V - 2.0V) / 0.005A = 260 Ohms. Don wadata na 5V, R = (5V - 2.0V) / 0.005A = 600 Ohms. Koyaushe yi amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga kwandon shara don zane mai ra'ayin mazan jiya.

10.3 Menene ma'anar bayanin "binning" ga zanena?

Binning yana tabbatar da daidaito. Idan zanenku yana buƙatar daidaiton haske a cikin LED da yawa (misali, a cikin tsarin hasken baya), ya kamata ku ƙayyade ƙaƙƙarfan kwandon shara mai ƙarfin haske (misali, P1 kawai). Hakazalika, don daidaitaccen launi, ƙayyade ƙaƙƙarfan kwandon shara mai tsawon zango mai rinjaye (misali, E6 kawai). Wannan na iya shafar farashi da samuwa.

11. Misalin Zane da Amfani na Aiki

Harka: Zanen allon nuna alama na LED da yawa.Mai zane yana buƙatar alamun ja 10 akan panel da ke amfani da layin dogo na 5V. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske da launi, sun ƙayyade kwandon shara P1 don ƙarfi da E6 don tsawon zango. Amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga kwandon shara 23 (2.20V) don zane mai ra'ayin mazan jiya, da zaɓin I_F= 10mA don kyakkyawan gani, an ƙididdige ƙimar resistor na jerin: R = (5V - 2.20V) / 0.01A = 280 Ohms. An zaɓi mafi kusancin ƙimar daidaitaccen 270 Ohms, wanda ya haifar da ɗan ƙaruwa a halin yanzu zuwa ~10.4mA, wanda har yanzu yana cikin iyakar 25mA. An sanya LED akan PCB tare da shimfidar ƙafar da aka ba da shawarar, kuma haɗin yana bin ƙayyadaddun bayanin reflow.

12. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan haɗin gwiwar p-n semiconductor da aka yi da kayan AlGaInP. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce yuwuwar gina haɗin gwiwa, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka a kan haɗin gwiwa. Haɗuwarsu yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske), wani tsari da ake kira electroluminescence. Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na AlGaInP yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yayi daidai da tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar, a wannan yanayin, ja mai haske (~632 nm). Ruwan tabarau na resin mai tsabta yana taimakawa wajen cirewa da rarraba hasken.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Gabaɗayan yanayin a cikin nau'in nuna alama na SMD LED yana zuwa ga ƙananan girman fakitin (misali, 0402, 0201 metric) don ƙananan na'urori masu ƙarancin ƙarfi, mafi girman inganci wanda ke haifar da mafi girman ƙarfin haske a ƙananan halin yanzu, da faɗaɗa gamut na launi. Har ila yau, akwai ci gaba da turawa don ingantaccen dogaro a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsanani (zafi mafi girma, danshi) da ƙaƙƙarfan bin ƙa'idodin muhalli na duniya. Abubuwan semiconductor na asali, kamar AlGaInP da InGaN (don shuɗi/kore), ana ci gaba da gyara su don ingantaccen aiki da ingancin farashi.