Takardar Bayani na Fasaha na LED SMD 17-21 Mai Haske Mai Kyau - Kunshin 1.6x0.8x0.6mm - Ƙarfin Lantarki 1.75-2.35V - Ƙarfin Wuta 60mW - Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

LED SMD 17-21 wata na'ura ce mai ƙaramin girma, mai hawa a saman, wadda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar tushen haske mai haske mai kyau. Babban fa'idarta shine a cikin ƙarancin girman ƙafarta idan aka kwatanta da LED na gargajiya, wanda ke ba da damar ƙirar allon da'ira (PCB) mafi ƙanƙanta, mafi girman yawan abubuwan da ake hawa, da kuma kayan aiki na ƙarshe mafi ƙanƙanta. Ginin mai sauƙi ya sa ya zama mafi dacewa don aikace-aikacen ƙanana da na ɗauka inda nauyi da sarari suke da mahimmanci.

Wannan LED nau'in launi ɗaya ne, yana fitar da haske mai haske mai kyau. An gina shi ta amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide), wanda aka sani da ingantaccen aiki da tsaftar launi a cikin bakan rawaya zuwa ja. An rufe na'urar a cikin resin mai tsabta, don ba da damar fitar da haske mafi girma. Ya cika ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hatsari), dokokin EU REACH, kuma ba shi da halogen, yana cika ƙa'idodin muhalli (Br <900 ppm, Cl <900 ppm, Br+Cl < 1500 ppm). Ana samar da samfurin a cikin tef na 8mm akan reels masu diamita 7-inch, wanda ya sa ya dace da kayan haɗin gwiwar sarrafa kai ta atomatik da kuma tsarin sayar da infrared ko tururi.

2. Zurfin Bayanin Fasaha

2.1 Madaidaicin Ma'auni na Gabaɗaya

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin kuma ya kamata a guje su don ingantaccen aiki.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V. Wuce wannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin baya zai iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Madaidaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (IF):25 mA. Madaidaicin halin yanzu na DC wanda za'a iya amfani dashi akai-akai.
• Madaidaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (IFP):60 mA. Wannan shine madaidaicin halin yanzu na bugun jini, wanda aka yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin zagayowar aiki na 1/10 a 1 kHz. Wannan ma'auni yana da amfani don haɗawa ko yanayin wuce gona da iri na ɗan lokaci.
• Rushewar Wuta (Pd):60 mW. Madaidaicin wutar da kunshin zai iya tarwatsa, wanda aka lissafta shi azaman Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF) wanda aka ninka da Halin Yanzu na Gaba (IF).
• Fitowar Lantarki Mai Tsauri (ESD) Tsarin Jikin Mutum (HBM):2000 V. Wannan yana nuna hankalin na'urar ga lantarki mai tsauri. Dole ne a bi tsarin sarrafa ESD daidai.
• Zazzabi na Aiki (Topr):-40 zuwa +85 °C. Kewayon yanayin zafi wanda aka ƙayyade na'urar don yin aiki a cikinsa.
• Zazzabi na Ajiya (Tstg):-40 zuwa +90 °C.
• Zazzabin Solder (Tsol):Don sayar da sake kunnawa, an ƙayyade madaidaicin zazzabi na 260°C na fiye da dakika 10. Don sayar da hannu, zazzabin ƙarshen gwangwani bai kamata ya wuce 350°C ba na fiye da dakika 3 a kowane tasha.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a zazzabin haɗin gwiwa (Tj) na 25°C da halin yanzu na gaba na 20 mA, wanda shine daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):Ya bambanta daga mafi ƙanƙanta na 57.00 mcd zuwa mafi girma na 112.00 mcd. Ƙimar yau da kullun tana cikin wannan kewayon. Ana amfani da juzu'i na ±11% ga ƙarfin hasken.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Madaidaicin cikakkiyar kusurwar dubawa a rabin ƙarfin ita ce digiri 140, yana ba da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen hasken baya da nuni.
• Madaidaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λp):Tsawon tsawon lokacin da rarraba ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma. Ƙimar yau da kullun ita ce 591 nm, yana sanya shi a yankin haske mai kyau.
• Madaidaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λd):Ya bambanta daga 585.50 nm zuwa 591.50 nm. Wannan shine madaidaicin tsawon tsawon da idon mutum ya gane wanda ya dace da launin fitarwar LED. An ƙayyade ƙuntataccen juzu'i na ±1 nm.
• Faɗin Bakan (Δλ):Madaidaicin cikakkiyar faɗi a rabin mafi girma (FWHM) na bakan fitarwa shine 15 nm, yana nuna ƙuntataccen fitarwa mai tsafta.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Ya bambanta daga 1.75 V zuwa 2.35 V a 20 mA. An ƙayyade juzu'i na ±0.1 V. Wannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance halin yanzu.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):Mafi girma na 10 µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya na 5V. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba a tsara wannan na'urar don yin aiki a cikin baya ba; wannan yanayin gwaji ne don siffanta kawai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon bin bisa mahimman ma'auni na aiki. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman buƙatu don haske, launi, da halayen lantarki.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Hasken

An rarraba shi a IF=20mA. An ayyana kwandon bin guda uku: P2 (57.00-72.00 mcd), Q1 (72.00-90.00 mcd), da Q2 (90.00-112.00 mcd). Wannan yana ba da damar zaɓi bisa matakan haske da ake buƙata.

3.2 Rarrabawar Madaidaicin Tsawon Tsawon

An rarraba shi a IF=20mA. An ayyana kwandon bin guda biyu: D3 (585.50-588.50 nm) da D4 (588.50-591.50 nm). Wannan ƙaƙƙarfan sarrafawa yana tabbatar da ƙarancin bambancin launi a cikin aikace-aikace.

3.3 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba

An rarraba shi a IF=20mA. An ayyana kwandon bin guda uku: 0 (1.75-1.95 V), 1 (1.95-2.15 V), da 2 (2.15-2.35 V). Zaɓin LED daga kwandon bin ƙarfin lantarki ɗaya zai iya taimakawa wajen samun mafi daidaiton haske lokacin da tushen ƙarfin lantarki mai dorewa ke motsa shi ko sauƙaƙe lissafin resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Duk da yake ba a bayyana takamaiman lanƙwasa masu hoto a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, halayen lantarki da na gani na yau da kullun don irin waɗannan LED ɗin zasu haɗa da mahimman alaƙa da yawa. Lanƙwasa Halin Yanzu da Ƙarfin Lantarki (I-V)zai nuna alaƙar ma'auni, tare da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu da zazzabi. Lanƙwasa Ƙarfin Hasken da Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I-L)yawanci yana kusan layi daya a cikin kewayon aiki, yana nuna cewa fitarwar haske yana daidai da halin yanzu. Lanƙwasa Ƙarfin Hasken da Yanayin Yanayizai nuna raguwar fitarwa yayin da zazzabi ya tashi, wata halayar duk LED. Rarraba Bakanzai nuna kololuwa guda ɗaya a kusa da 591 nm tare da FWHM na kusan 15 nm, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen fitarwa na rawaya. Fahimtar waɗannan lanƙwasa yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa zafi da ƙirar da'irar tuƙi don kiyaye daidaitaccen aiki a cikin kewayon zafin aiki.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

5.1 Girman Kunshi

LED SMD 17-21 yana da ƙaramin kunshin hawa a saman. Mahimman girma (tare da daidaitaccen juzu'i na ±0.1 mm sai dai idan an lura daban) sun haɗa da tsawon 1.6 mm, faɗin 0.8 mm, da tsayi na 0.6 mm. Kunshin yana da alamar cathode don gano daidaitaccen polarity yayin haɗawa. Ya kamata a sami shawarwarin ƙirar ƙasa (ƙafar ƙafa) daga cikakkiyar zane mai girma don tabbatar da ingantaccen sayarwa da daidaitawa.

5.2 Gano Polarity

Daidaitaccen polarity yana da mahimmanci don aikin na'urar. Kunshin ya haɗa da alamar cathode daban. Sanya LED a cikin polarity na baya zai hana shi haskakawa kuma, idan ƙarfin lantarki na baya ya wuce madaidaicin ma'auni na 5V, zai iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin.

6. Jagororin Solder da Hawa

6.1 Bayanin Siffar Sake Solder

Na'urar ta dace da tsarin sayar da sake kunnawa mara gubar (Pb-free). Siffar zazzabin da aka ba da shawarar ta haɗa da: matakin kafin dumama tsakanin 150-200°C na dakika 60-120; lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (217°C) na dakika 60-150; madaidaicin zazzabi bai wuce 260°C ba, an riƙe shi na fiye da dakika 10; kuma madaidaicin ƙimar hawa da sanyaya na 6°C/sec da 3°C/sec bi da bi. Kada a yi sayar da sake kunnawa fiye da sau biyu. Dole ne a guje wa damuwa akan jikin LED yayin dumama da kuma karkatar da PCB bayan sayarwa.

6.2 Solder Hannu

Idan sayar da hannu ya zama dole, dole ne a yi taka tsantsan. Zazzabin ƙarshen gwangwani na solder ya kamata ya kasance ƙasa da 350°C, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar kowane tasha bai kamata ya wuce dakika 3 ba. Ana ba da shawarar gwangwani mai ƙaramin ƙarfi (<25W). Bari tazara aƙalla dakika 2 tsakanin sayar da kowane tasha. Solder hannu yana haifar da haɗarin lalacewa mai zafi mafi girma.

6.3 Ajiya da Hankalin Danshi

Ana tattara LED a cikin jakunkuna masu hana danshi tare da desiccant. Kada a buɗe jakar har sai an shirya abubuwan don amfani. Bayan buɗewa, LED ɗin da ba a yi amfani da su ba ya kamata a adana su a 30°C ko ƙasa da haka da kuma danshi na kusan 60% ko ƙasa da haka. "Rayuwar bene" bayan buɗewa shine sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7). Idan wannan lokacin ya wuce ko kuma idan mai nuna desiccant ya nuna jikewa, dole ne a gasa abubuwan a 60 ± 5°C na awanni 24 kafin amfani da su don cire danshin da aka sha da kuma hana "popcorning" yayin sake kunnawa.

7. Bayanin Kunshi da Oda

Kunshin daidaitaccen ya ƙunshi guda 3000 a kowane reel. An ƙayyade tef ɗin mai ɗauka da girman reel don tabbatar da dacewa da kayan haɗin gwiwar atomatik. Alamar kunshin ta ƙunshi mahimman bayanai don gano asali da daidaitaccen aikace-aikace: Lambar Samfurin Abokin Ciniki (CPN), Lambar Samfurin (P/N), Yawan Tattarawa (QTY), Matsayin Ƙarfin Hasken (CAT), Matsayin Launi/Madaidaicin Tsawon Tsawon (HUE), Matsayin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (REF), da Lambar Lot (LOT No).

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikacen Yau da Kullun

• Hasken Baya:Mai dacewa don nuna alamar dashboard, hasken baya na maɓalli, da kuma hasken baya mai lebur don LCD da alamomi saboda faɗin kusurwar dubawa da daidaitaccen fitarwar haske.
• Kayan Aikin Sadarwa:Ya dace azaman alamomin matsayi da hasken baya na maɓalli a cikin wayoyi da na'urorin faks.
• Nuni na Gabaɗaya:Ana iya amfani dashi a cikin nau'ikan kayan lantarki na mabukaci, sarrafa masana'antu, da kayan aiki inda ake buƙatar mai nuni mai haske mai kyau.

8.2 Abubuwan Ƙira

Iyakance Halin Yanzu:Resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu na waje yana da mahimmanci. LED na'urori ne masu tuƙi, kuma ƙaramin canji a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba zai iya haifar da babban canji a cikin halin yanzu, wanda zai iya haifar da guduwar zafi da gazawa. Ana iya lissafin ƙimar resistor (R) ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vsupply - VF) / IF, inda VF shine ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED a halin yanzu da ake so IF. Koyaushe kuyi ƙira don mafi girman VF da aka ƙayyade don tabbatar da cewa halin yanzu bai wuce iyaka ba.Gudanar da Zafi:Duk da yake tarwatsewar wutar tana da ƙasa, kiyaye ƙaramin zazzabin haɗin gwiwa shine mabuɗin dogon lokaci na aminci da kwanciyar hankali. Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko ramukan zafi idan ana aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma ko kusa da madaidaicin halin yanzu.Kariya ta ESD:Aiwatar da matakan kariya na ESD da suka dace a cikin da'ira da kuma yayin sarrafawa, kamar yadda aka ƙididdige na'urar don 2000V HBM.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban bambancin LED 17-21 yana cikin haɗin gwiwar sa na ƙaramin siffa (1.6x0.8mm) tare da halayen aikin fasahar AlGaInP. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LED na rawaya ta hanyar rami, yana ba da raguwa mai yawa a sararin allon da nauyi. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran LED na rawaya na SMD, takamaiman tsarin rarrabawa don ƙarfin haske (P2, Q1, Q2), madaidaicin tsawon tsawon (D3, D4), da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (0, 1, 2) yana ba masu zane babban iko akan daidaiton aikin gani da na lantarki na samfurinsu na ƙarshe. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 140 shine babban fa'ida don aikace-aikacen hasken baya akan na'urori masu ƙunƙuntaccen kusurwa.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQs)

Q: Menene babban dalilin gazawar LED a aikace?

A: Mafi yawan dalili shine wuce gona da iri na halin yanzu saboda rashin isasshen ko rashin da'irar iyakance halin yanzu ko kuma tuƙi LED daga tushen ƙarfin lantarki mara tsari. Matsanancin zafi daga zafi mai yawa na solder ko aiki mai zafi na yanayi shine wani babban abu.

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙi wannan LED kai tsaye daga wadataccen dabaru na 3.3V ko 5V?

A: A'a. Dole ne koyaushe ka yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu na jeri. Misali, tare da wadataccen 5V da kuma VF na yau da kullun na 2.0V a 20mA, resistor ɗin da ake buƙata zai kasance (5V - 2.0V) / 0.02A = 150 Ohms. Koyaushe ku lissafta don mafi girman VF don tabbatar da amincin halin yanzu.

Q: Me yasa bayanin ajiya da gasa yake da mahimmanci haka?

A: Kunshin SMD na iya ɗaukar danshi daga iska. A lokacin babban zafin jiki na sake sayar da sake kunnawa, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya yin tururi da sauri, yana haifar da matsa lamba a ciki wanda zai iya fashe kunshin resin na epoxy ("popcorning"), yana haifar da gazawar nan take ko a ɓoye.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin kwandon bin akan lakabin?

A: Lambar CAT ta dace da kwandon bin ƙarfin haske (misali, Q1), lambar HUE zuwa kwandon bin madaidaicin tsawon tsawon (misali, D4), da lambar REF zuwa kwandon bin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (misali, 1). Zaɓin sassa daga lambobin kwandon bin ɗaya yana tabbatar da ƙaramin bambanci a cikin rukunin samarwa.

11. Ƙirar Aiki da Shari'ar Amfani

Shari'a: Ƙirar allon nuna matsayi tare da daidaitaccen haske.Mai zane yana ƙirƙirar allon sarrafawa tare da alamomin LED 20 na rawaya. Don tabbatar da duk LED suna bayyana daidai da haske, suna ƙayyade LED daga kwandon bin ƙarfin haske ɗaya (misali, duk daga kwandon bin Q1: 72-90 mcd). Don sauƙaƙe ƙirar da'irar tuƙi da kuma tabbatar da daidaitaccen halin yanzu, suna kuma ƙayyade LED daga kwandon bin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba ɗaya (misali, duk daga kwandon bin 1: 1.95-2.15V). Suna lissafin ƙimar resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu guda ɗaya ta amfani da mafi girman VF daga wannan kwandon bin (2.15V) don tabbatar da cewa babu LED da ya wuce 20mA ko da tare da juzu'in wadataccen ƙarfin lantarki. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 140 yana tabbatar da cewa ana iya ganin alamomin daga matsayi daban-daban na ma'aikaci. Ƙaramin kunshin 17-21 yana ba su damar sanya alamomin kusa da juna akan PCB mai yawa.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Diodes Masu Fitowa Hasken (LED) na'urori ne na semiconductor waɗanda ke fitar da haske ta hanyar electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin gwiwar p-n, electrons daga kayan n-type suna sake haɗuwa da ramuka daga kayan p-type a cikin yanki mai aiki. Don wannan takamaiman LED mai haske mai kyau, kayan semiconductor shine AlGaInP. Bandgap na wannan semiconductor ɗin ya ƙayyade tsawon tsawon (launi) na photons da aka fitar. A wannan yanayin, an ƙera bandgap don samar da photons tare da tsawon tsawon da ke kewaye da 591 nm, wanda idon mutum ya gane a matsayin haske mai kyau. Resin na epoxy mai tsabta yana kare guntu na semiconductor kuma yana aiki azaman ruwan tabarau, yana siffanta fitarwar haske zuwa ƙayyadaddun kusurwar dubawa na digiri 140.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Trend a cikin LED na nuni da hasken baya yana ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci (ƙarin fitarwar haske a kowace raka'a na wutar lantarki), ƙananan girman kunshi don ba da damar ƙarin ƙananan na'urori, da ingantaccen daidaiton launi da kwanciyar hankali akan zazzabi da rayuwa. Haka nan akwai ƙaƙƙarfan tuƙi zuwa ga faɗaɗa amfani da kayan aikin muhalli da tsarin masana'antu, kamar yadda wannan samfurin ya nuna RoHS, REACH, da dacewa mara halogen. Haɗin kai, kamar haɗa resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu ko diodes na kariya a cikin kunshin LED kanta, wani trend ne mai gudana don sauƙaƙe ƙirar da'ira da adana sararin allon. Don LED na rawaya, AlGaInP ya kasance babban fasahar kayan aiki mai inganci, tare da ci gaba da gyare-gyare ga tsarinsa na girma don samar da inganci mafi kyau da ƙaƙƙarfan sarrafa tsawon tsawon.