Bayanin Fasaha na LED SMD 19-213 Mai Haske Mai Kyau - Girman Kunshin - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 1.75-2.35V - Ƙarfin Haske 45-112mcd - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfurin

Na'urar 19-213/Y2C-AP1Q2B/3T LED ce da aka tsara don ayyukan lantarki na zamani waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙananan, amintacce, da ingantattun hanyoyin nuna alama ko hasken baya. Wannan ɓangaren yana amfani da fasahar semiconductor AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide) don samar da fitowar haske mai kyau. Babban fa'idarsa yana cikin ƙaramin girmansa, wanda ke ba da damar rage girman allon da'ira (PCB) sosai, haɓaka yawan ɓangarorin da ake tattarawa, kuma a ƙarshe yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka ƙananan kayan aiki masu sauƙi ga masu amfani. An gina na'urar da ruwa mai tsabta na resin, wanda ke inganta fitar da haske da kusurwar kallo.

1.1 Fasali na Asali da Daidaitawa

An tattara LED a kan tef ɗin 8mm da aka nannade a kan reel mai diamita 7-inch, wanda ya sa ya dace da kayan aikin tattarawa na atomatik masu sauri. An tsara shi don amfani da tsarin sayar da infrared (IR) da tururi, yana tabbatar da haɗin kai cikin layukan masana'antu na zamani. An rarraba samfurin a matsayin nau'in launi ɗaya. An ƙera shi azaman ɓangaren da ba shi da gubar (lead-free) kuma ya bi ka'idodin Tarayyar Turai na RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari) da REACH (Rajista, Kimantawa, Izini da Ƙuntata Sinadarai). Bugu da ƙari, ya cika buƙatun da ba su da halogen, tare da abun ciki na bromine (Br) da chlorine (Cl) kowanne ƙasa da 900 ppm kuma jimlar su gaba ɗaya ƙasa da 1500 ppm.

1.2 Ayyukan Da Ake Nufi

Wannan LED ta dace da nau'ikan ayyuka daban-daban inda ake buƙatar ceton sarari da haske mai aminci. Misalan amfani sun haɗa da hasken baya na dashboard na mota da maɓallan sarrafawa, alamomin yanayi da hasken baya na maɓallan waya a cikin na'urorin sadarwa kamar wayoyi da na'urorin faks, raka'o'in hasken baya na LCD, da ayyukan nuna alama gabaɗaya a cikin kayan lantarki na masu amfani da masana'antu.

2. Cikakken Bayanin Fasaha

2.1 Cikakken Iyakar Ma'auni

Waɗannan ma'auni suna bayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a tabbatar da aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba. Duk ƙimomin an ƙayyade su a yanayin zafin jiki (Ta) na 25°C.

• Ƙarfin Wutar Baya (VR):5 V. Wuce wannan ƙarfin wutar lantarki a cikin karkatar da baya na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Ci gaba da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (IF):25 mA.
• Kololuwar Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (IFP):60 mA, ana yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da aikin aiki na 1/10 da mitar 1 kHz.
• Rashin Wutar Lantarki (Pd):60 mW. Wannan shine iyakar yawan wutar lantarki da aka yarda da ita azaman zafi.
• Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD) Tsarin Jikin Mutum (HBM):2000 V. Wannan ma'auni yana nuna yadda na'urar ke kula da wutar lantarki; dole ne a bi hanyoyin kula da ESD da suka dace.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki (Topr):-40°C zuwa +85°C.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya (Tstg):-40°C zuwa +90°C.
• Zafin Solder (Tsol):Don sake sayar da solder, an ƙayyade zafin kololuwa na 260°C na iyakar 10 seconds. Don solder na hannu, dole ne zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe ya wuce 350°C, tare da iyakance lokacin tuntuɓar kowane tasha zuwa 3 seconds.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Waɗannan sigogi suna bayyana aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun, ana auna su a Ta=25°C da ƙarfin wutar gaba (IF) na 20 mA, sai dai idan an faɗi.

• Ƙarfin Haske (Iv):Ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 45.0 mcd zuwa mafi girma 112.0 mcd. Ƙimar ta yau da kullun tana cikin wannan kewayon dangane da takamaiman lambar kwandon shara.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Digiri 120 (na yau da kullun). Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya rabi na mafi girman ƙarfin da aka auna a digiri 0 (a kan-axis).
• Kololuwar Tsawon Zango (λp):Kimanin 591 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan shine tsawon zangon da fitowar haske ta fi ƙarfi.
• Mafi Girman Tsawon Zango (λd):Ya bambanta daga 585.5 nm zuwa 594.5 nm. Wannan shine tsawon zango guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ke gani wanda ya dace da launin hasken da aka fitar.
• Bandwidth na Radiation na Spectrum (Δλ):15 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan yana nuna faɗin bakan da aka fitar a rabin mafi girman ƙarfi (Cikakken Faɗi a Rabin Mafi Girma - FWHM).
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (VF):Ya bambanta daga 1.75 V zuwa 2.35 V a IF=20mA. Wannan shine raguwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki a kan LED lokacin da yake gudana.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Baya (IR):Mafi girman 10 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar baya (VR) na 5V. Bayanin yana nuna a fili cewa ba a tsara na'urar don aiki a cikin karkatar da baya ba; wannan sigogi ne kawai don dalilai na gwaji.

Muhimman Bayanan Kula:Bayanin yana ƙayyade ƙayyadaddun masana'antu: Ƙarfin Haske ±11%, Mafi Girman Tsawon Zango ±1 nm, da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba ±0.1 V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samar da yawa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon shara bisa mahimman sigogi na aiki. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar ɓangarorin da suka cika takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikacen don haske da launi.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Haske

An rarraba shi a IF=20mA. Lambar kwandon shara (misali, P1, Q2) tana bayyana takamaiman kewayon ƙarfi.

• P1:45.0 – 57.0 mcd
• P2:57.0 – 72.0 mcd
• Q1:72.0 – 90.0 mcd
• Q2:90.0 – 112.0 mcd

3.2 Rarrabawar Mafi Girman Tsawon Zango

An rarraba shi a IF=20mA. Wannan yana ƙayyade takamaiman inuwar rawaya.

• D3:585.5 – 588.5 nm
• D4:588.5 – 591.5 nm
• D5:591.5 – 594.5 nm

3.3 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba

An rarraba shi a IF=20mA. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga ƙirar da'ira, musamman lokacin tuka LED da yawa a jere.

• 0:1.75 – 1.95 V
• 1:1.95 – 2.15 V
• 2:2.15 – 2.35 V

4. Bincike akan Lankwasa Aiki

Bayanin yana ba da jadawali na halaye da yawa waɗanda ke nuna halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Waɗannan suna da mahimmanci ga ƙirar da'ira mai ƙarfi.

4.1 Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (Lankwasa I-V)

Wannan lankwasa tana nuna alaƙar haɓaka tsakanin wutar lantarki da ke gudana ta LED da ƙarfin wutar lantarki a cikinta. Yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki da ya dace. Lankwasa za ta canza tare da zafin jiki.

4.2 Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba

Wannan jadawali yana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin wutar gaba. Yawanci ba ya layi, kuma aiki kusa da mafi girman wutar lantarki na iya ba da raguwar haske yayin haɓaka zafi da rage rayuwa.

4.3 Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Zafin Yanayi

Fitowar hasken LED tana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi. Wannan jadawali yana ƙididdige wannan raguwa, yana nuna kashi na ƙarfin haske da aka adana daga -40°C zuwa +110°C. Gudanar da zafi mai inganci shine mabuɗin don kiyaye haske mai daidaito.

4.4 Lankwasa Rage Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba

Don hana yin zafi sosai, dole ne a rage mafi girman ƙarfin wutar gaba mai ci gaba yayin da zafin yanayi ke ƙaruwa. Wannan jadawali yana ba da jagororin rage ƙarfin sama da 25°C har zuwa mafi girman zafin aiki.

4.5 Tsarin Radiation da Rarraba Spectrum

Zanen tsarin radiation yana wakiltar kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 a zahiri. Taswirar rarraba bakan tana nuna ƙananan kololuwar fitarwa a kusa da 591 nm, halayen fasahar AlGaInP, wanda ke samar da launin rawaya mai cikar cikar.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

5.1 Girman Kunshi

LED yana da ƙaramin ƙafar SMD. Muhimman girmansa sun haɗa da girman jiki, tazarar tasha (pad), da tsayin gaba ɗaya. Duk ƙayyadaddun da ba a ƙayyade ba su ne ±0.1 mm. Ana nuna polarity ta hanyar alama akan kunshin ko ƙirar takamaiman pad (yawanci cathode). Dole ne masu zane su koma ga ainihin zanen girma don ƙirar ƙirar ƙasa ta PCB.

6. Jagororin Solder da Tattarawa

6.1 Ajiya da Hancin Danshi

Ana tattara LED a cikin jakar shinge mai hana danshi tare da busasshen abu. Kada a buɗe jakar har sai an shirya ɓangarorin don amfani. Bayan buɗewa, LED da ba a yi amfani da su ba yakamata a adana su a ≤30°C da ≤60% Danshi Dangi (RH) kuma a yi amfani da su cikin sa'o'i 168 (7 kwanaki). Idan lokacin ajiya ya wuce ko busasshen abu ya nuna cikar cikar, ana buƙatar maganin gasa a 60 ±5°C na awanni 24 kafin solder don hana lalacewar "popcorning" yayin sake kunnawa.

6.2 Bayanin Siffar Sake Solder

An ƙayyade bayanin sake kunnawa mara gubar (Pb-free):

• Dafaffen Gaba:150–200°C na 60–120 seconds.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus (TAL):60–150 seconds sama da 217°C.
• Zafin Kololuwa:Mafi girman 260°C, an riƙe shi na iyakar 10 seconds.
• Ƙimar Haɓaka:Mafi girman 6°C/daƙiƙa.
• Lokaci Sama da 255°C:Mafi girman 30 seconds.
• Ƙimar Ragewa:Mafi girman 3°C/daƙiƙa.

Kada a yi sake kunnawa solder fiye da sau biyu. PCB bai kamata a karkata ko damu yayin ko bayan solder ba.

6.3 Solder na Hannu da Sake Aiki

Idan solder na hannu ba zai yuwu ba, yi amfani da ƙarfen solder tare da zafin ƙarshen ≤350°C da ƙarfin ≤25W. Lokacin tuntuɓar kowane tasha dole ne ya zama ≤3 seconds. Ka ba da tazarar sanyaya aƙalla 2 seconds tsakanin solder kowane tasha. Ana ƙin sake aiki sosai. Idan da gaske ya zama dole, dole ne a yi amfani da ƙarfen solder na kai biyu na musamman don dumama tashoshi biyu lokaci guda don guje wa damuwa na injiniya akan haɗin gwiwar solder. Dole ne a tabbatar da tasirin halayen LED bayan sake aiki.

6.4 Kariyar Da'ira

Resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarkidole nea jere tare da LED. Ƙarfin wutar gaba yana da ƙimar zafi mara kyau, ma'ana yana raguwa yayin da LED ke zafi. Ba tare da resistor ba, ƙananan haɓakar wutar lantarki ko raguwar VF na iya haifar da babban haɓakar ƙarfin wutar gaba, wanda zai iya lalata shi.

7. Bayanin Kunshi da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Reel da Tef

Ana samar da ɓangarorin a cikin tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya a kan reels masu diamita 7-inch. Ƙididdigar da aka ɗora ta yau da kullun ita ce guda 3000 a kowane reel. An ba da cikakkun girmomi don reel, aljihun tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya, da tef ɗin rufewa don dacewa da kayan ciyarwa na atomatik.

7.2 Bayanin Alamar

Lambar kunshi ta haɗa da lambobi da yawa:

• CPN:Lambar Samfurin Abokin Ciniki.
• P/N:Lambar Samfurin Masana'anta (misali, 19-213/Y2C-AP1Q2B/3T).
• QTY:Yawan Tattarawa.
• CAT:Matsayi na Ƙarfin Haske (Lambar Kwandon Shara).
• HUE:Haɗin Haɗin Launi & Matsayi na Mafi Girman Tsawon Zango (Lambar Kwandon Shara).
• REF:Matsayi na Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (Lambar Kwandon Shara).
• LOT No:Lambar Rukunin Masana'antu don bin diddigin.

8. Abubuwan Ƙira na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Tuka LED

Koyaushe ku tuka LED tare da wutar lantarki mai ci gaba ko ta hanyar resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki daga tushen wutar lantarki. Yi lissafin ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_supply - VF_LED) / I_desired. Yi amfani da mafi girman VF daga kwandon shara ko bayanin don tabbatar da isasshen wutar lantarki a ƙarƙashin duk yanayi. Misali, tare da wadataccen wutar lantarki na 5V, wutar lantarki da ake so na 20mA, da matsakaicin VF na 2.35V: R = (5 - 2.35) / 0.02 = 132.5 Ω. Daidaitaccen resistor 130 Ω ko 150 Ω zai dace, ana duba ƙimar wutar lantarki (P = I²R).

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Duk da kunshin yana da ƙanƙanta, ɓarnar wutar lantarki (har zuwa 60mW) na iya haifar da hawan zafi. Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB (pad ɗin taimakon zafi) don fitar da zafi daga tashoshin LED, musamman lokacin aiki a manyan yanayin zafi ko kusa da mafi girman wutar lantarki. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye ƙarfin haske da amincin dogon lokaci.

8.3 Ƙirar Haske

Kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 tana ba da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi, mai yaduwa wanda ya dace da hasken yanki da alamomin da ake duba daga kusurwoyi daban-daban. Don ƙarin haske mai mai da hankali, za a buƙaci na'urorin gani na biyu (lenses). Ruwan resin mai tsabta yana ba da cikar launi mai kyau.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Matsayi

Idan aka kwatanta da LED na hanyar rami na al'ada, wannan nau'in SMD yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci a cikin saurin tattarawa, ceton sararin allon, da amincin injiniya ta hanyar kawar da jagororin. A cikin nau'in LED SMD rawaya, fasahar AlGaInP da ake amfani da ita a nan yawanci tana ba da inganci mafi girma da ingantaccen launi fiye da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP don tsawon zango na rawaya. Takamaiman tsarin rarrabawa yana ba da damar ƙarin sarrafa launi da haske a cikin jerin samarwa idan aka kwatanta da madadin da ba a rarraba su ba ko kuma an rarraba su sosai.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

10.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin kololuwar tsawon zango da mafi girman tsawon zango?

Kololuwar tsawon zango (λp) ita ce tsawon zango na zahiri wanda LED ke fitar da mafi yawan ƙarfin haske. Mafi girman tsawon zango (λd) ma'auni ne na fahimta; shi ne tsawon zango na haske guda ɗaya wanda zai bayyana yana da launi ɗaya da fitowar LED ga idon ɗan adam. Ga LED mai ƙunƙuntaccen bakan kamar wannan, sau da yawa suna kusa, amma λd shine mafi dacewa sigogi don ƙayyadaddun launi.

10.2 Me yasa resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki ya zama dole?

LED diode ce mai lankwasa I-V mai zurfi a yankin gaba. Ƙarfin wutar gabanta kuma yana raguwa tare da haɓakar zafi. Ba tare da resistor na jere ba, kowane ɗan canji a cikin wadataccen wutar lantarki ko zafi na iya haifar da haɓakar wutar lantarki, wanda zai wuce Cikakken Iyakar Ma'auni da sauri kuma ya haifar da gazawar bala'i (konewa). Resistor yana ba da martani mara kyau, yana daidaita wurin aiki.

10.3 Zan iya amfani da wannan LED don ci gaba da aiki a 25mA?

Ee, 25mA shine ƙimar ci gaba da ƙarfin wutar gaba (IF) a 25°C. Koyaya, idan ana tsammanin zafin yanayi zai fi girma, dole ne ku tuntuɓi Lankwasa Rage Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba kuma ku rage wutar aiki daidai don kasancewa cikin iyakokin ɓarnar wutar lantarki da tabbatar da amincin dogon lokaci.

10.4 Ta yaya zan fassara lambar ɓangaren 19-213/Y2C-AP1Q2B/3T?

Duk da cewa ainihin raguwa na iya zama na musamman, yawanci yana ɓoye mahimman halaye. "19-213" yana yiwuwa shine jerin samfurin tushe. Ƙarshen sau da yawa yana haɗa da lambar launi (Y don Yellow), kwandon shara na ƙarfi (Q2), kwandon shara na tsawon zango (wataƙila an nuna shi), da kwandon shara na ƙarfin wutar lantarki (3T na iya danganta da kwandon shara '2' ko kunshi). Takamaiman lambobin alama (CAT, HUE, REF) akan reel suna ba da cikakkun bayanan kwandon shara don odar ku.