Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfur
- 1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Manufa
- 2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Fassarar Manufa Mai zurfi
- 2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici
- 2.2 Halayen Thermal
- 2.3 Halayen Lantarki da Na'urar Gani
- . Bin Rank System ExplanationThe luminous output of LEDs can vary from batch to batch. A binning system is used to sort devices into groups with consistent performance. This LED uses an intensity (IV) bin rank system. The bins are labeled R2, S1, S2, and T1, with corresponding minimum and maximum luminous intensity values at 20 mA (e.g., S1: 185-240 mcd, T1: 315-420 mcd). A tolerance of +/-11% is applied within each bin. This system allows designers to select LEDs with the required brightness consistency for their application.. Performance Curve AnalysisWhile specific graphical data is referenced in the datasheet, typical curves for such a device would include the following relationships, crucial for design analysis:I-V Curve (Current vs. Voltage):Shows the exponential relationship between forward current and forward voltage. The knee voltage is typically around the specified VFrange. This curve is vital for designing the current-limiting driver circuit.Luminous Intensity vs. Forward Current:Demonstrates how light output increases with current, usually in a near-linear relationship within the operating range, before potentially saturating or causing excessive heat at higher currents.Luminous Intensity vs. Ambient Temperature:Shows the derating of light output as the ambient (or junction) temperature increases. This is critical for applications operating in elevated temperature environments.Spectral Distribution:A plot of relative radiant power versus wavelength, showing a peak emission wavelength (λP) around 630 nm and a spectral half-width (Δλ) of approximately 15 nm, confirming a narrow-band red emission.. Mechanical and Package Information
- . Soldering and Assembly Guidelines
- .1 Recommended IR Reflow Profile
- .2 Cleaning
- .3 Storage and Handling
- . Packaging and Ordering Information
- . Application Recommendations
- .1 Typical Application Circuits
- .2 Design Considerations and Cautions
1. Bayanin Samfur
Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakken bayanin fasaha na na'urar haske mai fitar da haske (LED) mai hawa a saman (SMD). An tsara wannan kayan don tsarin haɗa allon da'ira da aka buga (PCB) ta atomatik, wanda ya sa ya dace don samar da yawan kaya. Girman sa na ƙanƙanta ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari a cikin sassa daban-daban na lantarki.
1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Manufa
Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da bin umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa masu haɗari), marufi a cikin madaidaicin madaidaicin tef na 8mm akan reels na inci 7 don injunan ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik, da cikakkiyar dacewa da hanyoyin goge-goge na infrared (IR). An riga an shirya shi zuwa matakin 3 na JEDEC na ƙarancin danshi, yana tabbatar da amincin yayin haɗawa. Aikace-aikacen sa na manufa suna da faɗi, sun haɗa da alamun matsayi, hasken sigina da alama, da hasken baya na gaban gaba a cikin kayan aikin sadarwa, na'urori na sarrafa ofis, kayan aikin gida, da tsarin sarrafa masana'antu.
2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Fassarar Manufa Mai zurfi
2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici
Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a tabbatar da aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba. Babban iyakoki sun haɗa da matsakaicin ci gaba na gaba (IF) na 30 mA, matsakaicin gudun gaba na 80 mA a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms), matsakaicin ƙarancin ƙarfi (VR) na 5V, da iyakar watsawar wutar lantarki (PD) na 75 mW. An ƙayyade kewayon zafin jiki da ajiya daga -40°C zuwa +100°C.
2.2 Halayen Thermal
Gudanar da zafi yana da mahimmanci don aikin LED da tsawon rayuwa. Matsakaicin zafin jiki da aka yarda (Tj) shine 115°C. Matsakaicin juriyar zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa iska (RθJA) shine 140 °C/W. Wannan ma'auni yana nuna yadda ake fitar da zafi daga haɗin gwiwar semiconductor; ƙananan ƙima ya fi kyau. Daidaitaccen tsarin PCB tare da isasshen taimakon zafi yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa a cikin iyakokin aminci, musamman lokacin aiki a manyan igiyoyin ruwa.
2.3 Halayen Lantarki da Na'urar Gani
Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na aiki na yau da kullun da aka auna a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C, IF=20mA). Ƙarfin haske (IV) ya bambanta daga mafi ƙanƙanta na 140 mcd zuwa matsakaicin 420 mcd, tare da takamaiman ƙididdiga da aka ƙaddara ta hanyar bin rank. Kallon kusurwa (2θ1/2) shine digiri 120, wanda aka ayyana shi azaman cikakken kusurwar inda ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar axis, yana nuna faɗin tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi. Tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon 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tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsawon tsd) falls between 615 nm and 628 nm, characterizing the perceived red color. The forward voltage (VF) typically ranges from 1.7V to 2.5V at the test current.
. Bin Rank System Explanation
The luminous output of LEDs can vary from batch to batch. A binning system is used to sort devices into groups with consistent performance. This LED uses an intensity (IV) bin rank system. The bins are labeled R2, S1, S2, and T1, with corresponding minimum and maximum luminous intensity values at 20 mA (e.g., S1: 185-240 mcd, T1: 315-420 mcd). A tolerance of +/-11% is applied within each bin. This system allows designers to select LEDs with the required brightness consistency for their application.
. Performance Curve Analysis
While specific graphical data is referenced in the datasheet, typical curves for such a device would include the following relationships, crucial for design analysis:
- I-V Curve (Current vs. Voltage):Shows the exponential relationship between forward current and forward voltage. The knee voltage is typically around the specified VFrange. This curve is vital for designing the current-limiting driver circuit.
- Luminous Intensity vs. Forward Current:Demonstrates how light output increases with current, usually in a near-linear relationship within the operating range, before potentially saturating or causing excessive heat at higher currents.
- Luminous Intensity vs. Ambient Temperature:Shows the derating of light output as the ambient (or junction) temperature increases. This is critical for applications operating in elevated temperature environments.
- Spectral Distribution:A plot of relative radiant power versus wavelength, showing a peak emission wavelength (λP) around 630 nm and a spectral half-width (Δλ) of approximately 15 nm, confirming a narrow-band red emission.
. Mechanical and Package Information
The LED comes in a standard SMD package. The lens color is water clear, while the light source color is red, produced by an AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) semiconductor material. Detailed package dimensions are provided in the datasheet drawings, including length, width, height, and pad spacing. All dimensions are in millimeters with a standard tolerance of ±0.2 mm unless otherwise noted. The polarity is indicated by the physical marking or pad design (typically a cathode mark).
. Soldering and Assembly Guidelines
.1 Recommended IR Reflow Profile
The device is compatible with lead-free (Pb-free) soldering processes. The recommended infrared reflow profile should comply with J-STD-020B standards. Key parameters include a preheat temperature of 150-200°C, a preheat time of up to 120 seconds, a peak temperature not exceeding 260°C, and a time above liquidus (TAL) as per the solder paste specification. The total time within 5°C of the peak temperature should be limited to a maximum of 10 seconds, and reflow should not be performed more than twice.
.2 Cleaning
If cleaning is required after soldering, only specified solvents should be used. Immersing the LED in ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol at normal temperature for less than one minute is acceptable. Unspecified chemical cleaners may damage the epoxy lens or package.
.3 Storage and Handling
The LEDs are moisture-sensitive. When sealed in the original moisture-proof bag with desiccant, they should be stored at ≤30°C and ≤70% RH and used within one year. Once the bag is opened, the storage environment must not exceed 30°C and 60% RH. Components exposed to ambient conditions for more than 168 hours should be baked at approximately 60°C for at least 48 hours before soldering to remove absorbed moisture and prevent \"popcorning\" during reflow.
. Packaging and Ordering Information
The standard packaging is 8mm wide embossed carrier tape on 7-inch (178 mm) diameter reels. Each reel contains 5000 pieces. A minimum packing quantity of 500 pieces is available for remainder orders. The tape is sealed with a cover tape. The packaging complies with ANSI/EIA-481 specifications.
. Application Recommendations
.1 Typical Application Circuits
LEDs are current-driven devices. To ensure uniform brightness and prevent current hogging, especially when multiple LEDs are connected in parallel, a current-limiting resistor must be used in series with each LED. The resistor value (R) is calculated using Ohm's Law: R = (Vsupply- VF) / IF, where VFis the forward voltage of the LED at the desired current IF. Driving LEDs directly from a voltage source without a current limit is not recommended and will likely destroy the device.
.2 Design Considerations and Cautions
This product is intended for general-purpose electronic equipment. For applications requiring exceptional reliability where failure could jeopardize safety (e.g., aviation, medical, transportation), specific qualification and consultation are necessary. PCB pad layout should follow the recommended design in the datasheet to ensure proper soldering and mechanical stability. Attention must be paid to thermal design on the PCB to manage the heat dissipation of 75 mW, especially in enclosed spaces or high ambient temperatures.
. Technical Comparison and Differentiation
Compared to older technologies like GaAsP (Gallium Arsenide Phosphide) red LEDs, the AlInGaP material used in this device offers significantly higher luminous efficiency, resulting in brighter output at the same current, and better temperature stability. The 120-degree viewing angle provides a very wide and even illumination pattern suitable for panel indicators where viewing from off-axis angles is required, as opposed to narrower-angle LEDs used for focused light. Its compatibility with standard IR reflow processes differentiates it from LEDs that require manual or wave soldering, enabling cost-effective, high-speed automated assembly.
. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)
Q: Can I drive this LED with a 5V supply directly?
A: No. You must use a series current-limiting resistor. For example, with a typical VFof 2.0V at 20mA and a 5V supply, R = (5V - 2.0V) / 0.020A = 150 Ω. A resistor is mandatory.
Q: What does \"Water Clear\" lens mean for a red LED?
A: The lens material itself is colorless/transparent. The red color is emitted solely by the AlInGaP semiconductor chip inside. A clear lens often allows for a wider viewing angle and less color distortion compared to a tinted diffused lens.
Q: The max current is 30mA, but the test condition is 20mA. Which should I use?
A: The 20mA condition is the standard test point for specifying optical characteristics. You can operate the LED at any current up to the absolute maximum of 30mA DC, but the luminous intensity and forward voltage will scale accordingly (see performance curves). Operating at lower currents increases longevity and reduces heat.
Q: Why is storage humidity so important?
A: SMD packages can absorb moisture from the air. During the high-temperature reflow soldering process, this trapped moisture can vaporize rapidly, creating internal pressure that can crack the package or delaminate internal bonds—a phenomenon known as \"popcorning.\"
. Practical Application Case Study
Scenario: Designing a status indicator panel for a network router.Multiple LEDs (Power, LAN, WAN, Wi-Fi) are needed. Using this LED model, the designer would: 1) Place the LEDs on the front panel PCB layout according to the recommended pad footprint. 2) For each LED, calculate a series resistor based on the system's 3.3V logic supply and a target current of 15mA (for balance of brightness and power). Assuming VF= 2.0V, R = (3.3V - 2.0V)/0.015A ≈ 87 Ω (use 82 Ω or 100 Ω standard value). 3) Ensure the PCB layout provides some thermal copper area under the LED pads. 4) Specify the same intensity bin code (e.g., S1) for all LEDs in the Bill of Materials (BOM) to guarantee uniform brightness across the panel. 5) Follow the recommended reflow profile during assembly.
. Operating Principle Introduction
A Light Emitting Diode is a semiconductor p-n junction diode. When a forward voltage is applied, electrons from the n-type region and holes from the p-type region are injected into the junction region. When these charge carriers recombine, energy is released. In a standard silicon diode, this energy is released primarily as heat. In an LED, the semiconductor material (in this case, AlInGaP) has a direct bandgap, meaning the energy is released in the form of photons (light). The specific wavelength (color) of the light is determined by the bandgap energy of the semiconductor material. A wider bandgap produces shorter wavelength (bluer) light.
. Technology Trends and Developments
The general trend in SMD indicator LEDs is toward higher efficiency (more light output per watt of electrical input), which reduces power consumption and heat generation. This allows for either brighter indicators at the same current or the same brightness at lower currents, extending device battery life. Package sizes continue to shrink, enabling denser indicator arrays and integration into ever-smaller consumer electronics. There is also a focus on improving color consistency and stability over temperature and lifetime through advanced binning techniques and more stable semiconductor materials. The drive for broader adoption of lead-free and halogen-free materials in compliance with global environmental regulations remains a key industry driver.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |