Bayanin Fasaha na SMD LED LTST-E142KRKFKT - LED Mai Launuka Biyu (Ja/Orange) - 30mA - 75mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakkun bayanai game da LED mai launuka biyu, wacce ake hawa a saman allon kewaye (PCB), wanda aka tsara don hawa ta atomatik. An kera wannan na'urar don aikace-aikacen da ke da matsalar sarari, kuma tana ba da hasken ja da orange daga kunshi guda. Girman ta na karami da kuma dacewa da hanyoyin hawa na yau da kullun sun sa ta dace da hawa cikin kayan lantarki na zamani iri-iri.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan kayan sun hada da bin ka'idojin RoHS (Hana Abubuwa Masu Illa), an kunshi shi a cikin tef na 8mm akan reeli na inci 7 don injinan dauka da sanyawa ta atomatik, da kuma cikakken dacewa da hanyoyin solder na IR reflow. An riga an shirya shi zuwa matakin 3 na JEDEC na karfin jinin danshi, yana tabbatar da amincin sa yayin hawa.

Aikace-aikacen da ake nufi sun hada da sassa da dama, ciki har da sadarwa (misali, nuna halin aiki a cikin na'urorin sadarwa), sarrafa ofis ta atomatik (misali, hasken baya na allon sarrafawa akan firafita, na'urori masu daukar hoto), kayan amfanin gida, da kayan aikin masana'antu iri-iri. Ana amfani da shi akai-akai don nuna halin aiki, hasken alama, da hasken baya na allon gaba inda ake bukatar bayyanannen amsa na gani mai dogaro.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Bayani Mai Ma'ana

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike mai ma'ana game da muhimman halayen aikin na'urar kamar yadda aka ayyana ta matsakaicin ma'auni da ma'auni na yau da kullun na aiki.

2.1 Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Gaba da Halayen Zafi

An auna na'urar don matsakaicin kwararar gaba (DC) na 30mA ga duka guntun LED na ja da orange. A karkashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, 0.1ms fadin bugun), tana iya ɗaukar matsakaicin kwararar gaba na 80mA. Matsakaicin watsar da wutar lantarki shine 75mW. Yanayin aiki da ajiya an ayyana shi daga -40°C zuwa +100°C, yana nuna dacewa ga yanayi mai tsanani.

Sarrafa zafi yana da mahimmanci ga tsawon rayuwar LED. Matsakaicin juriya na zafi daga mahaɗa zuwa yanayi (Rθja) shine 155°C/W ga duka launuka. Tare da matsakaicin zafin mahaɗa (Tj) na 115°C, wannan darajar juriya na zafi tana ƙayyadad da matsakaicin watsar da wutar lantarki da aka yarda a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi don hana yin zafi da gazawar da ba ta dace ba.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Ana auna aikin lantarki da na gani a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na 20mA kwararar gaba da 25°C zafin yanayi.

• Karfin Hasken (Iv):Ga LED ja, karfin hasken yana tsakanin mafi karancin 90 mcd zuwa matsakaicin 280 mcd. LED orange yana ba da fitarwa mafi girma, daga 140 mcd zuwa 450 mcd. Matsakaicin kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2), inda karfin ya rabi darajar axial, shine digiri 120 ga duka biyun, yana ba da tsarin haske mai fadi.
• Halayen Ra'ayi:LED ja yana da matsakaicin tsayin ra'ayin fitarwa (λp) na 639 nm da kewayon tsayin ra'ayi mai rinjaye (λd) na 623-638 nm. LED orange yana da λp na 609 nm da kewayon λd na 598-610 nm. Rabin fadin layin ra'ayi (Δλ) yawanci shine 15 nm ga duka biyun, yana ayyana tsabtar launi.
• Ma'auni na Lantarki:Wutar gaba (Vf) ga duka launuka yana tsakanin 1.7V (m) zuwa 2.5V (matsakaici) a 20mA. Matsakaicin kwararar baya (Ir) shine 10 μA a wutar baya (Vr) na 5V. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba a tsara na'urar don aikin baya ba; wannan ma'auni na don gwajin infrared kawai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa kwandon bin bisa mahimman ma'auni.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Karfin Hasken (Iv)

An rarraba fitarwar haske zuwa takamaiman kwandon tare da ayyana mafi karancin da matsakaicin ƙima. Kowane kwandon yana da jurewar ±11%.

• Kwandon LED Ja:Lambobin sun hada da Q2 (90.0-112.0 mcd), R1 (112.0-140.0 mcd), R2 (140.0-180.0 mcd), S1 (180.0-224.0 mcd), da S2 (224.0-280.0 mcd).
• Kwandon LED Orange:Lambobin sun hada da T2 (140-180 mcd), U1 (180-224 mcd), U2 (224-280 mcd), V1 (280-355 mcd), da V2 (355-450 mcd).

3.2 Rarrabuwar Tsawon Ra'ayi Mai Rinjaye (Wd)

Ga LED orange musamman, kwandon tsayin ra'ayi mai rinjaye yana tabbatar da sarrafa launi daidai. Kwandon su ne F1 (598-602 nm), F2 (602-606 nm), da F3 (606-610 nm), kowannensu yana da jurewar matsi na ±1 nm. Wannan daidaitaccen rarrabuwa yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar takamaiman wurin launi, kamar alamomin zirga-zirga ko daidaitaccen hasken baya na allon.

4. Bincike na Lakatun Aiki

Yayin da PDF ɗin yana nuni zuwa lakatun aiki na yau da kullun, ba a bayar da takamaiman bayanan hoto a cikin rubutu ba. Dangane da halayen LED na yau da kullun, waɗannan lakatun za su yi nuni da alaƙar da ke tsakanin kwararar gaba da karfin haske (lakatun I-V), tasirin zafin yanayi akan fitarwar haske, da rarraba ikon ra'ayi. Masu zane suna amfani da waɗannan lakatun don fahimtar aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba na yau da kullun ba (misali, kwararar tuƙi daban-daban ko yanayin zafi) da kuma inganta ƙirar kewaye don haske da inganci da ake so.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin da Sanya Fil

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen tsarin kunshin EIA. Duk girmansu yana cikin milimita tare da jurewar gabaɗaya na ±0.2 mm sai dai idan an faɗi. Kayan yana da ruwan tabarau mai yaduwa. Sanya fil yana da takamaiman: fil 2 da 3 an sanya su ga guntun LED ja, yayin da fil 1 da 4 an sanya su ga guntun LED orange. Gano polarity daidai yayin shimfidar PCB da hawa yana da mahimmanci don aikin da ya dace.

5.2 Tsarin Fil na PCB da Ake Shawarar

An ba da shawarar tsarin fili (sawun kafa) don PCB don tabbatar da solder mai dogaro da daidaitaccen jeri na injiniya. Bin wannan tsarin da aka ba da shawarar yana taimakawa cimma kyakkyawan fillet na solder, taimakon zafi, da hana kabari ko kuskuren jeri yayin reflow.

6. Jagororin Solder da Hawa

6.1 Tsarin Solder na IR Reflow

Na'urar ta dace da hanyoyin solder marasa gubar (Pb-free). An yi nuni zuwa tsarin IR reflow da aka ba da shawarar, wanda ya yi daidai da ma'aunin J-STD-020B. Muhimman ma'auni sun haɗa da matsakaicin zafin kololuwa na 260°C da matakin riga-kafi har zuwa 200°C na matsakaicin dakika 120. An tsara tsarin don rage matsin lamba na zafi akan kunshin LED yayin da yake tabbatar da haɗin solder mai dogaro.

6.2 Ajiya da Gudanarwa

Ajiya daidai yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye iya solder. Lokacin da aka rufe jakar hana danshi, ya kamata a adana LED a ≤30°C da ≤70% RH, tare da shawarar tsawon rayuwar shiryayye na shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe jakar, yanayin ajiya bai kamata ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Abubuwan da aka fallasa sama da sa'o'i 168 (Mataki 3) yakamata a gasa su a kusan 60°C na akalla awanni 48 kafin solder don cire danshin da aka sha da hana "popcorning" yayin reflow.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, kawai yakamata a yi amfani da kaushi da aka ayyana. Ana ba da shawarar nutsar da LED a cikin barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Sinadarai da ba a ayyana ba na iya lalata kunshin LED ko ruwan tabarau.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

Kunshin daidaitacce shine tef mai fadin 8mm mai zane a kan reeli mai diamita inci 7 (178mm). Kowane reeli yana dauke da guda 4000. Don adadin da bai kai cikakken reeli ba, akwai mafi karancin adadin kunshi na guda 500. Kunshin yana bin ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA 481. An rufe tef ɗin da tef ɗin murfi don kare abubuwan, kuma matsakaicin adadin abubuwan da ba a samu ba a jere ("fitilun da ba a samu ba") a cikin reeli shine biyu.

8. Shawarwarin Amfani

8.1 Yanayin Amfani na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED mai launuka biyu ya dace sosai ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar nuna halaye iri-iri. Misali, a cikin na'urar sauyawa ta hanyar sadarwa, LED ja zai iya nuna kuskure ko yanayin kuskure, yayin da LED orange zai iya nuna aiki ko yanayin gargadi. A cikin kayan lantarki na mabukaci, ana iya amfani da shi don hasken baya mai launuka biyu na maɓalli ko don ƙirƙirar alamomin halin amber/ja. Fadin kusurwar kallonsa ya sa ya dace da alamomin da ake buƙatar ganin su daga kusurwoyi daban-daban.

8.2 Abubuwan Da Ya Kamata A Yi La'akari Da Su Lokacin Zane

• Iyakance Kwarara:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance kwarara a jere (ko direba mai kwarara akai) ga kowane launi na LED. Yakamata a lissafa darajar resistor bisa ga wutar lantarki, wutar gaba na LED (yi amfani da matsakaicin Vf don zane mai tsauri), da kwararar aiki da ake so (≤30mA DC).
• Sarrafa Zafi:Yi la'akari da watsar da wutar lantarki (P = Vf * If) da juriya na zafi. A cikin yanayin zafi mai girma ko lokacin da ake tuƙi a manyan igiyoyin ruwa, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko wasu hanyoyin sanyaya ana amfani da su don kiyaye zafin mahaɗa a ƙasa da 115°C.
• Kariya daga ESD:Duk da yake ba a bayyana shi a sarari ba, ana ba da shawarar sarrafa LED tare da matakan kariya na ESD (Fitarwa na Wutar Lantarki) yayin hawa.

9. Kwatance da Banbance na Fasaha

Babban abin banbance na wannan kayan shine ikonsa na launuka biyu a cikin kunshin SMD guda ɗaya, mai kankanta. Idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED guda biyu masu launi guda, wannan yana adana sararin PCB, yana rage adadin abubuwan, kuma yana sauƙaƙa hawa. Fadin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 wani fa'ida ne akan LED masu kunkuntar haske don nuna allon. Daidaitaccen rarrabuwa na duka karfi da tsayin ra'ayi yana ba masu zane hasashen aiki da daidaiton launi a cikin samar da girma.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙi LED ja da orange lokaci guda a 20mA kowanne?

A: A'a. Matsakaicin watsar da wutar lantarki shine 75mW. Idan duka LED ɗin suna kunne tare da Vf=2.5V da If=20mA, jimlar wutar lantarki zai zama 100mW (2.5V*20mA*2), ya wuce ma'auni. Aiki lokaci guda yana buƙatar rage darajar kwararar kowane LED ko tabbatar da cewa ɗaya kawai yana kunne a lokaci guda.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin ra'ayi mai kololuwa da tsayin ra'ayi mai rinjaye?

A> Tsayin ra'ayi mai kololuwa (λp) shine tsayin ra'ayin da aka fitar da mafi girman ƙarfin gani. Tsayin ra'ayi mai rinjaye (λd) shine tsayin ra'ayi guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ke gani wanda ya dace da launin hasken. λp ya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi a cikin aikace-aikacen gani.

Q: Kwararar baya shine 10μA a 5V. Shin zan iya amfani da wannan LED a cikin kewaye na AC?

A: A'a. Takardar bayanin ta bayyana a sarari cewa ba a tsara na'urar don aikin baya ba. Yin amfani da wutar baya, musamman a cikin kewaye na AC, na iya lalata LED. Dole ne a yi amfani da kewaye na waje (kamar na'urar gyara) don kare LED idan an yi amfani da shi tare da AC.

11. Misalin Zane da Amfani na Aiki

Misali: Mai Nuna Halaye Biyu don Na'urar Wutar Lantarki

Mai zane yana ƙirƙirar PCB don na'urar wutar lantarki na tebur. Suna buƙatar mai nuni guda ɗaya don nuna lokacin da wutar lantarki ta AC ta kasance (a jiran aiki) da wani don nuna lokacin da fitarwar DC ta kasance mai aiki. Yin amfani da wannan LED mai launuka biyu yana sauƙaƙa zane: LED orange (fil 1 & 4) an haɗa shi da layin wutar lantarki na jiran aiki ta hanyar resistor mai iyakance kwarara. LED ja (fil 2 & 3) an haɗa shi da babban layin fitarwar DC ta wani resistor. Sawun kafa na PCB yana buƙatar wurin abu ɗaya kawai. Fadin kusurwar kallo yana tabbatar da cewa ana iya ganin halin daga gaban akwatin. Mai zane ya zaɓi kwandon R2 don ja da U1 don orange don tabbatar da isasshen haske. Suna bin tsarin reflow da jagororin ajiya da aka ba da shawarar yayin hawa don tabbatar da aminci.

12. Gabatarwa kan Ka'idoji

Diodes masu fitar da haske (LEDs) na'urorin semiconductor ne waɗanda ke fitar da haske lokacin da wutar lantarki ta wuce ta cikin su. Wannan al'amari ana kiransa electroluminescence. A cikin wannan takamaiman na'urar, an samar da hasken ja ta hanyar kayan semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP), wanda ke da inganci wajen samar da tsayin ra'ayi na ja da orange. Ruwan tabarau mai yaduwa akan guntun yana watsa hasken, yana haifar da fadi kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 maimakon kunkuntar haske. Aikin launuka biyu ana samun shi ta hanyar sanya guntun semiconductor daban-daban guda biyu (ja ɗaya, orange ɗaya) a cikin kunshi ɗaya, tare da haɗin lantarki masu zaman kansu (anodes da cathodes) ga kowanne.

13. Yadda Ake Ci Gaba

Gabaɗayan yanayin fasahar SMD LED yana ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci (ƙarin lumens a kowace watt), yana ba da damar fitarwa mai haske a ƙananan igiyoyin ruwa da rage amfani da wutar lantarki. Hakanan akwai yunƙurin ƙara ƙaramin girma yayin da ake kiyayewa ko inganta aikin gani. Daidaiton launi da ƙaramin jurewar rarrabuwa suna zama ma'auni yayin da binciken gani ta atomatik a cikin masana'antu ke inganta. Bugu da ƙari, haɗa kayan lantarki na sarrafawa (kamar direba mai kwarara akai ko masu sarrafa PWM) kai tsaye cikin kunshin LED wani sabon salo ne, yana sauƙaƙa ƙirar kewaye ga mai amfani na ƙarshe. Ka'idojin bin ka'idojin RoHS da dacewa da hanyoyin reflow marasa gubar, masu zafi sune buƙatun asali a cikin masana'antu.