Takardar Bayanin Fasaha na SMD LED LTST-010KRKT - AlInGaP Ja - 20mA - 2.0V Na Yau da Kullun - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakkun ƙayyadaddun fasaha don na'urar haɗawa ta saman (SMD) diode mai haske (LED). An ƙera kayan aikin don hanyoyin haɗa allon da'ira da aka buga (PCB) ta atomatik, wanda ya sa ya dace da ƙirƙirar masana'antu mai yawa. Girman sa na ƙanƙanta yana magance buƙatun aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarancin sarari da ake samu a cikin na'urorin lantarki na zamani masu ɗaukar hoto da ƙanƙanta.

LED yana amfani da kayan semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) don samar da haske ja. Wannan fasahar kayan tana da sanin girma saboda ingantaccen aiki da kyakkyawan aiki a cikin yankunan bakan ja zuwa amber. An rufe na'urar a cikin fakitin ruwan tabarau mai tsabta, wanda yawanci yana ba da kusurwar kallo mai faɗi idan aka kwatanta da ruwan tabarau masu watsewa ko masu launi, saboda hasken ba ya watsewa ta hanyar launi a cikin epoxy.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Manufa

Babban fa'idodin wannan SMD LED ya samo asali ne daga ƙirar fakitin sa da dacewar masana'antu. Ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ƙirar fakitin EIA, yana tabbatar da dacewar injiniyoyi tare da na'urori masu ɗaukar hoto da tsarin ciyarwa na masana'antu. Na'urar tana da cikakkiyar dacewa tare da hanyoyin haɗa reflow na infrared (IR), wanda shine babbar hanyar haɗa abubuwan haɗawa na saman. Wannan dacewar yana da mahimmanci don cimma ingantattun haɗin gwiwa masu ƙarfi a cikin layukan samarwa ta atomatik.

Sararin aikace-aikacen sa yana da faɗi, yana niƙa masu amfani, sadarwa, da lantarki na masana'antu. Manyan kasuwannin manufa sun haɗa da nuna matsayi da hasken baya don allon gaba a cikin na'urori kamar wayoyin salula, kwamfutocin tebur, kayan aikin sadarwa, da kayan amfani na gida daban-daban. Hakanan ya dace don aikace-aikacen allunan alamar cikin gida inda ake buƙatar haske mai aminci, ƙarancin wutar lantarki.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Cikakkiyar fahimtar sigogi na lantarki da na gani yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira daidai da hasashen aiki.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a nufin su don aiki na yau da kullun ba.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):72 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da na'urar za ta iya watsawa azaman zafi ba tare da wuce matsakaicin zafin jiki ba. Wucewa wannan iyaka yana haifar da haɗarin guduwar zafi da gazawa.
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba na DC (IF):30 mA. Matsakaicin ci gaba na gaba na yanzu da za a iya amfani da shi.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba:80 mA, amma kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms). Wannan yana ba da damar ɗan gajeren lokaci na haske mafi girma, kamar a cikin alamun ƙyalli, ba tare da yin zafi sosai ba.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V. Ba a ƙera LED don aikin karkatar da baya ba. Wucewa wannan ƙarfin lantarki na iya haifar da gazawar nan take da mummunan gazawa saboda rushewar dusar ƙanƙara.
• Zafin Aiki & Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +85°C (aiki), -40°C zuwa +100°C (ajiye). Waɗannan jeri suna tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki a cikin mawuyacin yanayi.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki & Na Gani (Na Yau da Kullun a 25°C)

Ana auna waɗannan sigogi a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji kuma suna wakiltar aikin na yau da kullun.

• Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (Iv):An auna shi a halin yanzu na gaba (IF) na 20 mA. An ƙayyade ƙimar a cikin millicandelas (mcd). Ana auna ƙarfin haske ta amfani da haɗin firikwensin da tace wanda ya kusanta da madaidaicin amsawar ido na ɗan adam (daidaitaccen CIE).
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Yawanci 2.0 V, tare da matsakaicin 2.4 V a 20 mA. Wannan sigogi yana da juriya na ±0.1 V. Yana da mahimmanci don ƙididdige ƙimar resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu. Ƙananan VF gabaɗaya yana nuna ingantaccen ingancin lantarki.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ½):Digiri 110. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar da aka auna akan-axis (digiri 0). Kusurwar digiri 110 tana nuna tsarin katako mai faɗi, wanda ya dace da alamomin da ake buƙatar gani daga kusurwoyi daban-daban.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λP):639 nm. Wannan shine tsawon zango wanda fitowar wutar lantarki ta bakan ta fi girma.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λD):631 nm. Wannan shine tsawon zango guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane wanda ya dace da launin hasken LED. Shine mafi dacewa sigogi don ƙayyadaddun launi.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):20 nm. Wannan yana nuna tsabtar bakan ko faɗin band na hasken da aka fitar. Ƙananan ƙima yana nufin fitarwa mafi monochromatic (launi mai tsabta).
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):Matsakaicin 10 μA a VR=5V. Wannan ƙayyadaddun halin yanzu ne na ɓarna don gwajin karkatar da baya kawai.

3. Tsarin Bin Ranking

Don sarrafa bambance-bambancen samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon aiki. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin takamaiman oda. Takardar bayanin ta ayyana kwandon bisa Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken a 20 mA.

Kwandon ƙarfi na LED ja kamar haka:

• R1:112.0 mcd (Mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 140.0 mcd (Matsakaici)
• R2:140.0 mcd zuwa 180.0 mcd
• S1:180.0 mcd zuwa 224.0 mcd
• S2:224.0 mcd zuwa 280.0 mcd

Ana amfani da juriya na ±11% ga kowane kwandon. Wannan yana nufin LED da aka yiwa alama a matsayin kwandon S1 na iya samun ainihin ƙarfi tsakanin kusan 160 mcd da 248 mcd. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da wannan bambancin, musamman lokacin da ake amfani da LED da yawa tare kuma ana son haske iri ɗaya. Yin amfani da direba na yau da kullun ko resistors na jerin guda ɗaya ga kowane LED (kamar yadda aka ba da shawarar a sashin hanyar tuƙi) yana da mahimmanci don rage bambance-bambancen haske da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) ya haifar, wanda ba shi da zaman kansa daga kwandon ƙarfi.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

Girman jiki na kayan yana da mahimmanci don shimfidar PCB (ƙirar sawun ƙafa). Takardar bayanin tana ba da cikakken zanen fakitin tare da duk mahimman girma. Abubuwan da aka ɗauka sun haɗa da:

• Fakitin shine daidaitaccen tsarin SMD.
• Ana ba da duk girma a cikin milimita.
• Daidaitaccen juriya na ±0.1 mm ya shafi sai dai idan an lura daban.
• Zanen ya nuna a fili mai ganowa na cathode (yawanci tsaga, alamar kore, ko wani alamar gani akan fakitin). Daidaitaccen jagorar polarity yayin haɗawa ya zama dole.

4.1 Pad ɗin Haɗin PCB da Ake Shawarar

Takardar bayanin ta haɗa da zane don shimfidar pad ɗin solder da aka ba da shawarar akan PCB. Bin wannan shimfidar yana da mahimmanci don cimma haɗin gwiwa mai aminci yayin reflow. Ƙirar pad ɗin tana la'akari da abubuwa kamar samuwar fillet ɗin solder, daidaita kayan aikin kansa yayin reflow, da hana gadojin solder ko kabari.

5. Jagororin Haɗawa, Haɗawa, da Sarrafawa

Sarrafa da haɗawa daidai yana da mahimmanci ga aminci.

5.1 Bayanan Bayanan Haɗa Reflow IR

Takardar bayanin tana ba da shawarar bayanan reflow wanda ya dace da J-STD-020B don hanyoyin solder marasa gubar (Pb-free). Mahimman sigogi sun haɗa da:

• Pre-heat:Kewayon zafin jiki da lokaci don dumama allon a hankali da kunna kwararar.
• Matsakaicin Zafin Jiki:Matsakaicin 260°C. Jikin kayan bai kamata ya wuce wannan zafin jiki ba.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus (TAL):Lokacin da solder yake cikin yanayin narkakkar, yana da mahimmanci don samuwar haɗin gwiwa.
• Ƙimar Ramp:Ƙimar dumama da sanyaya da aka sarrafa don hana girgizar zafi.

Bayanan suna jagora ne; dole ne a siffanta bayanan ƙarshe don takamaiman haɗin PCB, la'akari da kauri na allon, yawan abubuwan haɗawa, da man gansakakin da aka yi amfani da shi.

5.2 Ajiya da Hanzarin Danshi

LEDs suna da hanzari ga danshi. Idan an buɗe jakar da ba ta shiga ruwa, abubuwan suna fallasa ga danshin yanayi.

• Rayuwar Bene:Ana ba da shawarar kammala reflow IR cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) bayan buɗe jakar asali.
• Ajiya Mai Tsayi:Idan ba a yi amfani da su ba cikin sa'o'i 168, ya kamata a adana kayan a cikin akwati mai rufaffiyar tare da bushewa ko gasa (misali, 60°C na awanni 48) kafin haɗawa don cire danshin da aka sha da hana "popcorning" yayin reflow.

5.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan tsaftacewa ya zama dole bayan haɗawa, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da kaushi da aka ƙayyade. Takardar bayanin tana ba da shawarar masu tsaftacewa na barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol (IPA) ko ethyl alcohol. Ya kamata a nutsar da shi a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun kuma na ƙasa da minti ɗaya don guje wa lalata epoxy fakitin.

5.4 Hanyar Tuƙi

LEDs na'urori ne masu tuƙi na halin yanzu. Fitowar haskensu yana daidai da halin yanzu na gaba, ba ƙarfin lantarki ba. Takardar bayanin tana ba da shawarar ƙwarai don amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu na jerin guda ɗaya ga kowane LED lokacin haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya (Tsarin Da'ira A). Wannan saboda ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) na LED na iya bambanta daga naúrar zuwa naúrar, ko da a cikin kwandon ɗaya. Haɗa su kai tsaye a layi daya ba tare da resistors ɗaya ɗaya ba zai iya haifar da rashin daidaiton halin yanzu, haifar da rashin daidaiton haske da yuwuwar wuce gona da iri a cikin LED tare da mafi ƙarancin VF. Yin amfani da resistor tare da kowane LED yana taimakawa daidaita halin yanzu da kare na'urorin.

6. Marufi da Oda

Ana ba da abubuwan a cikin tsarin tef da reel wanda ya dace da kayan haɗawa ta atomatik.

• Girman Reel:Reel mai diamita inci 7.
• Faɗin Tef:12 mm.
• Adadin kowane Reel:Guda 4000.
• Mafi ƙarancin Adadin Oda:Guda 500 don sauran adadi.
• Marufin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481.

An ba da cikakkun girma don tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya, tef ɗin rufi, da reel don tabbatar da dacewa da masu ciyar da injin haɗawa.

7. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ɗauka na Ƙira

7.1 Gudanar da Zafi

Duk da cewa rushewar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa kaɗan (72 mW matsakaici), ingantaccen ƙirar zafi har yanzu yana da mahimmanci don tsawon rai, musamman a manyan yanayin yanayi ko lokacin da aka tuƙa kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu. Shimfidar PCB ya kamata ta ba da isasshen yanki na tagulla a kusa da pad ɗin LED don yin aiki azaman ma'aunin zafi da kuma fitar da zafi daga haɗin gwiwa.

7.2 Saita Halin Yanzu da Lissafin Resistor

Don sarrafa LED a wani halin yanzu da ake so (misali, 20 mA don ƙayyadaddun ƙarfi), ana ƙididdige resistor na jerin (R) ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_supply - VF_LED) / I_desired. Yin amfani da matsakaicin VF (2.4V) a cikin lissafin yana tabbatar da cewa halin yanzu bai wuce ƙimar da ake so ba ko da tare da mafi munin bambancin kayan aikin. Misali, tare da samar da 5V da halin yanzu da ake so na 20mA: R = (5V - 2.4V) / 0.02A = 130 Ohms. Za a zaɓi mafi kusancin ƙimar daidaitaccen (misali, 120 ko 150 Ohms), la'akari da sakamakon halin yanzu da ƙimar wutar lantarki na resistor (P = I²R).

7.3 Amincin Aikace-aikace

Takardar bayanin ta haɗa da bayanin kula game da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar aminci na musamman, kamar a cikin jiragen sama, likita, ko tsarin mahimmanci na aminci. Don waɗannan aikace-aikace, ana ba da shawarar ƙarin cancanta, rage ƙima, da tuntubar mai ƙirƙira kayan aikin. Ana nufin samfurin daidaitaccen don lantarki na gama gari na mabukaci da na masana'antu.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Trends

Wannan AlInGaP LED ja yana wakiltar fasaha mai girma kuma mai aminci. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar Gallium Arsenide Phosphide (GaAsP), AlInGaP yana ba da ingantaccen ingancin haske da kyakkyawan aiki a manyan yanayin zafi. Matsakaicin tsawon zango na 631 nm ya sanya shi a cikin daidaitaccen yanki na launin ja.

A cikin babbar kasuwar LED, trends na ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci (lumens da yawa kowace watt), ƙananan girman fakitin, da mafi girman matsakaicin halin yanzu don ƙara haske. Hakanan akwai motsi zuwa ƙarancin juriya na binning don launi da ƙarfi don biyan buƙatun aikace-aikace kamar cikakkun nuni masu launi da hasken gine-gine, inda daidaiton launi ya fi mahimmanci. Duk da yake wannan takamaiman kayan aiki LED ne mai alamar launi ɗaya, ƙa'idodin fakitin da haɗawa suna raba tare da ƙarin ingantattun samfuran LED, gami da LED na wutar lantarki da ƙungiyoyin LED da aka haɗa.