Takardar Bayanin SMD LED LTST-E212KRKGWT - Girma 2.0x1.25x0.8mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 1.8-2.5V - Ƙarfi 75mW - Launuka Ja/Kore - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTST-E212KRKGWT wata LED ce mai kankantar girma, wacce aka tsara don hadawa ta atomatik a kan allon da'ira mai bugu (PCB) a cikin aikace-aikacen da ke da matsalar sarari. Tana da ruwan tabarau mai yaduwa kuma ana samunta da fasahohin tushen haske guda biyu daban-daban: AlInGaP don fitar da hasken ja da InGaN don fitar da hasken kore. Wannan ikon launi biyu a cikin takamaiman girmar kunshin ya sa ta zama mai amfani ga nuna matsayi, hasken baya, da alamun kasuwanci inda ake bukatar launuka daban-daban daga wurin kayan aiki guda.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali

• Siffar Girma Kankantacciya:Girman kunshin kankantaccen ya dace da tsarin PCB mai yawan hadawa da ake samu a cikin na'urorin lantarki na zamani masu sauƙin ɗauka da na mabukaci.
• Tushen Launi Biyu:Yana ba da sassaucin ƙira ta hanyar samar da zaɓuɓɓukan ja da kore tare da takamaiman sassan fil, yana sauƙaƙa kayan aiki da ƙirar PCB don aikace-aikacen launi biyu.
• Daidaitaccen Atomatik:An tattara shi a cikin tef 8mm akan reels inci 7, yana cikakkiyar dacewa da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanya na atomatik masu sauri, yana sauƙaƙa masana'antu.
• Daidaitaccen Tsarin Hadawa:An tsara shi don jurewa daidaitattun hanyoyin gyarar lantarki na infrared (IR), gami da waɗanda ake buƙata don haɗa gubar mara gubar (Pb-free).
• Yin Biyayya ga Muhalli:Samfurin ya cika umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hadari).

1.2 Kasuwanni da Aikace-aikace da Ake Nufa

Wannan LED ta dace da kewayon kayan aikin lantarki. Manyan wuraren aikace-aikacen sun haɗa da na'urorin sadarwa (wayoyin mara igiya da wayoyin hannu), kwamfutoci masu ɗauka (laptops, kwamfutocin hannu), tsarin hanyar sadarwa, kayan aikin gida, da alamun kasuwanci na cikin gida ko allunan nuni. Amintaccen sa da ƙaramin girmansa sun sa ya zama zaɓi na farko ga na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci da na masana'antu inda ake buƙatar aiki mai daidaito da ingantaccen haɗawa.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

Sashe na gaba yana ba da cikakken bayani, fassarar haƙiƙa ta mahimman ma'auni na lantarki da na gani da aka ƙayyade don LED LTST-E212KRKGWT, wanda aka auna a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna bayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba.

• Rushewar Ƙarfi (Pd):75 mW ga duka nau'ikan ja da kore. Wannan ma'auni yana iyakance jimillar ƙarfin lantarki (Gaba Mai Ci Gaba * Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Gaba) wanda za'a iya canza shi zuwa haske da zafi a cikin guntun LED.
• Matsakaicin Gaba Mai Ci Gaba (I_FP):80 mA, wanda aka yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms). Wucewa wannan a cikin aikin DC zai yiwu ya haifar da zafi mai yawa.
• DC Gaba Mai Ci Gaba (I_F):30 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin ci gaba na yanzu da aka ba da shawarar don aiki mai dogon lokaci mai aminci.
• Kewayon Zafin Jiki:Yankin aiki da adana zafin jiki shine -40°C zuwa +100°C, yana nuna dacewa ga yanayi tare da faɗuwar zafin jiki.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki & Na Gani

Waɗannan sune ma'auni na yau da kullun na aiki a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (I_F= 20mA).

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):Fitowar haske ta yau da kullun ita ce 75 mcd don LED ja da 65 mcd don LED kore, tare da mafi ƙarancin ƙimar garantin 28 mcd ga duka biyun. Ana auna wannan ƙarfin ta amfani da firikwensin da aka tace don dacewa da amsawar gani na idon ɗan adam.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):An ƙayyade ƙimar yau da kullun na digiri 120. Wannan faɗin kusurwar dubawa, halayen ruwan tabarau mai yaduwa, yana tabbatar da kyakkyawan gani a kan faɗin yanki, yana mai da shi dacewa da alamun panel.
• Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon:
  • Ja (AlInGaP):Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P) yawanci 639 nm ne. Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d) yawanci 631 nm ne.
  • Kore (InGaN):Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P) yawanci 574 nm ne. Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d) yawanci 566 nm ne.
  Bambanci kaɗan tsakanin kololuwar tsawon tsayi da tsawon tsayi al'ada ce kuma yana da alaƙa da siffar bakan fitarwa.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):Yawanci 20 nm ga duka launuka, yana nuna tsaftar bakan ko faɗin band na hasken da aka fitar.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Gaba (V_F):Ya kewayo daga 1.8V (m) zuwa 2.5V (max) a 20mA. Ya kamata a yi la'akari da ƙimar yau da kullun don ƙira a kusa da tsakiyar hanya, amma dole ne da'irori su dace da cikakken kewayon. An lura da jurewar ±0.1V.
• Ci Gaba na Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 µA a Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Baya (V_R) na 5V. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa wannan na'urarba a tsara ta don aikin baya ba; wannan gwajin don tabbatar da inganci kawai ne.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa mai yawa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon aiki. LTST-E212KRKGWT yana amfani da kwandon daban don ƙarfin haske kuma, don sigar kore, tsawon tsayi mai rinjaye.

3.1 Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V) Rarrabawa

Duka LED ja da kore suna raba lambobin kwandon ƙarfi iri ɗaya, wanda aka auna a cikin millicandelas (mcd) a 20mA. Kowane kwandon yana da jurewar 11%.

• Kwandon N:28.0 – 45.0 mcd
• Kwandon P:45.0 – 71.0 mcd
• Kwandon Q:71.0 – 112.0 mcd
• Kwandon R:112.0 – 180.0 mcd

Misali, LED mai alamar Kwandon Q don ƙarfi zai sami fitarwa ta yau da kullun tsakanin 71 da 112 mcd. Masu ƙira yakamata su ƙayyade kwandon da ake buƙata don garantin mafi ƙarancin matakan haske a aikace-aikacensu.

3.2 Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (WD) Rarrabawa don Kore

Kawai LED kore ne ke da ƙayyadaddun kwandon tsawon tsayi, wanda aka auna a cikin nanometers (nm) a 20mA, tare da jurewar ±1 nm kowane kwandon.

• Kwandon G1:566.0 – 569.0 nm
• Kwandon G2:569.0 – 572.0 nm
• Kwandon G3:572.0 – 575.0 nm

Wannan rarrabawar yana ba da damar ƙarin sarrafawa akan takamaiman inuwar kore, wanda zai iya zama mahimmanci don daidaita launi a cikin nuni na LED da yawa ko takamaiman buƙatun kyan gani.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman jadawali a cikin takardar bayanin (misali, Hoto na 1 don rarraba bakan, Hoto na 6 don kusurwar dubawa), ana nazarin tasirinsu gabaɗaya a nan.

4.1 Gaba Mai Ci Gaba da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Halin I-V na LED ba na layi ba ne. Ga LTST-E212KRKGWT, a yanayin aiki na yau da kullun na 20mA, ƙarfin wutar lantarki gaba yana faɗowa tsakanin 1.8V da 2.5V. Lanƙwasa zai nuna haɓaka mai tsauri a cikin halin yanzu da zarar ƙarfin wutar lantarki gaba ya wuce ƙofar kunna diode. Wannan yana buƙatar amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa halin yanzu ko direba mai ci gaba da yanzu a jere tare da LED lokacin da aka kunna daga tushen wutar lantarki don hana guduwar zafi.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken da Gaba Mai Ci Gaba

Fitowar haske (ƙarfin haske) gabaɗaya yana daidai da halin yanzu gaba a cikin kewayon aikin na'urar. Duk da haka, inganci na iya raguwa a cikin halin yanzu mai yawa saboda ƙarin zafi. Yin aiki a shawarar 20mA yana tabbatar da madaidaicin daidaito tsakanin haske da tsawon rai.

4.3 Rarraba Bakan

Jadawalin bakan da aka ambata zai nuna kololuwa guda ɗaya, mai rinjaye ga kowane launi (kusan 639nm don ja, 574nm don kore) tare da rabin faɗi na yau da kullun na 20nm. LED ja na AlInGaP yawanci yana da ƙaramin bakan idan aka kwatanta da wasu fasahohin ja, yayin da bakan kore na InGaN daidai yake da nau'insa. Ruwan tabarau mai yaduwa yana ɗan faɗaɗa rarraba kusurwoyin waɗannan tsayin daka amma baya canza kololuwar fitarwar bakan sosai.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Kunshi

5.1 Girman Kunshi da Polarity

Kunshin SMD yana da takamaiman girma. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da girman jiki da tazarar jagora. Sanya fil yana da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen alkibla:

• LED Ja (AlInGaP):An sanya anode da cathode zuwa fil 1 da 3.
• LED Kore (InGaN):An sanya anode da cathode zuwa fil 1 da 4.

Wannan bambancin yana nufin cewa takamaiman girmar PCB na iya ɗaukar ko dai launi, amma dole ne da'irar tuƙi ta haɗa da fil ɗin daidai. Yakamata a koyi zanen shimfidar kunshi (wanda aka nuna a cikin takardar bayanin) koyaushe don takamaiman girma da matsayin kushin.

5.2 Shawararriyar Tsarin Kushin PCB

An ba da shimfidar ƙasa da aka ba da shawara don tabbatar da ingantaccen gyarar lantarki da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya. Ƙirar kushin yawanci ta haɗa da taimakon zafi don sauƙaƙa gyarar lantarki yayin samar da isasshen yanki na tagulla don watsar zafi da ƙaƙƙarfan mannewa. Bin wannan shawarar yana taimakawa hana kabari (ɗayan ƙarshen ya tashi yayin sake kwarara) kuma yana tabbatar da haɗin gyarar lantarki mai aminci.

6. Jagororin Gyarar Lantarki & Hadawa

6.1 Bayanin Siffar Gyarar Lantarki ta IR

Takardar bayanin tana nufin J-STD-020B don yanayin tsarin mara gubar. An ba da shawarar bayanin gabaɗaya tare da manyan iyakoki:

• Dafaffen Gaba:150°C zuwa 200°C.
• Lokacin Dafaffen Gaba:Matsakaicin dakika 120 don tafiyar da zafin jiki a hankali da kunna kwarara.
• Matsakaicin Zafin Jiki:Matsakaicin 260°C. Lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (misali, 217°C) yakamata a sarrafa shi bisa ƙayyadaddun man ɗanƙarfe.
• Lokacin Gyarar Lantarki a Kololuwa:Matsakaicin dakika 10, kuma bai kamata a yi sake kwarara fiye da sau biyu ba.

An jaddada cewa mafi kyawun bayanin ya dogara da takamaiman haɗin PCB, kuma ana buƙatar siffanta shi.

6.2 Gyarar Lantarki ta Hannu

Idan gyarar lantarki ta hannu ya zama dole, zafin ƙarfe na gyarar lantarki bai kamata ya wuce 300°C ba, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar ya kamata a iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin dakika 3 don aiki ɗaya kawai. Zafi mai yawa ko lokaci na iya lalata kunshin LED ko haɗin waya na ciki.

6.3 Ajiya da Gudanarwa

LED ɗin suna da damuwa ga danshi. Manyan dokokin ajiya sun haɗa da:

• Kunshi Mai Rufi:Ajiye a ≤ 30°C da ≤ 70% RH. Yi amfani da shi cikin shekara guda bayan ranar busasshen fakitin.
• Kunshi da aka Buɗe:Don abubuwan da aka cire daga jakar shinge na danshi, yanayin ya kamata ya zama ≤ 30°C da ≤ 60% RH.
• Rayuwar Bene:Ana ba da shawarar kammala sake kwararar IR cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) bayan buɗe fakitin asali.
• Sake Gasawa:Idan lokacin bayyanawa ya wuce sa'o'i 168, ana buƙatar gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 48 kafin gyarar lantarki don cire danshin da aka sha kuma a hana \"popcorning\" (fashewar kunshi yayin sake kwarara).

6.4 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan gyarar lantarki, kawai yakamata a yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi na barasa kamar ethyl alcohol ko isopropyl alcohol a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na filastik ko kayan kunshi.

7. Bayanin Kunshi da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Ana samar da samfurin daidai gwargwado a cikin tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya tare da tef ɗin kariya, wanda aka nannade akan reels diamita inci 7 (178mm). Yawan reel na yau da kullun shine guda 3000. Ana samun mafi ƙarancin adadin shiryawa na guda 500 don sauran umarni. Girman tef da reel sun yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA-481, suna tabbatar da dacewa da daidaitattun kayan aikin haɗawa na atomatik masu ciyarwa.

8. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

8.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Hanyar tuƙi mafi yawanci ita ce tushen wutar lantarki (V_CC) a jere tare da resistor mai iyakancewa halin yanzu (R_S). Ana iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R_S= (V_CC- V_F) / I_F. Misali, tare da samar da 5V, V na yau da kullun_Fna 2.2V, da I da ake so_Fna 20mA: R_S= (5 - 2.2) / 0.02 = 140 Ω. Za a zaɓi mafi kusancin ƙimar daidaitaccen (misali, 150 Ω), yana rage ɗan ƙaramin halin yanzu. Matsayin ƙarfin resistor yakamata ya kasance aƙalla I_F²* R_S.

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Ko da yake rushewar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa (75mW max), ingantaccen ƙirar zafi yana tsawaita rayuwar LED. Tabbatar cewa kushin PCB da aka ba da shawarar yana haɗawa da isasshen yanki na tagulla don zama mai sanyaya zafi. Guji yin aiki a matsakaicin halin yanzu na ƙarshe (30mA DC) ci gaba da yin aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma, yayin da wannan yana haɓaka raguwar lumen.

8.3 Kariya daga Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Baya

Kamar yadda ba a tsara na'urar don nuna son zuciya ba, haɗa kariya yana da hikima a cikin da'irori inda ƙarfin wutar lantarki baya zai yiwu (misali, a cikin tsarin LED na baya-da-baya ko tare da kayan aiki masu jan hankali). Diode mai sauƙi a layi daya tare da LED (cathode zuwa anode) na iya samar da wannan kariya.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Bambancin farko na LTST-E212KRKGWT yana cikin tushenta biyu (AlInGaP/InGaN), ikon launi biyu a cikin daidaitaccen kunshin SMD. Idan aka kwatanta da LED masu launi ɗaya, yana ba da sassaucin ƙira. Dangane da sauran LED masu launi biyu, amfani da kayan semiconductor masu girma, masu inganci (AlInGaP don ja, InGaN don kore) yawanci yana haifar da ingantaccen ƙarfin haske da kwanciyar hankali na aiki akan zafin jiki. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120 daga ruwan tabarau mai yaduwa shine babban siffa idan aka kwatanta da LED masu kunkuntar kusurwa, yana mai da shi mafi girma ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ganin faɗin yanki.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQs)

10.1 Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga fil ɗin microcontroller 3.3V ko 5V?

Amsa:A'a, ba kai tsaye ba. Fil ɗin GPIO na microcontroller tushen wutar lantarki ne tare da iyakacin ikon samar da halin yanzu/ nutsewa (sau da yawa 20-25mA). Haɗa LED kai tsaye yana haifar da haɗarin wucewa duka matsakaicin halin yanzu na LED da ƙimar fil ɗin GPIO, mai yuwuwar lalata duka biyun. Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa halin yanzu a jere ko da'irar direba transistor.

10.2 Menene bambanci tsakanin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon da Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon?

Amsa:Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_P) shine tsawon tsayi guda ɗaya wanda rarraba ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma. Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d) shine tsawon tsayi guda ɗaya na hasken monochromatic wanda, lokacin da aka haɗa shi da takamaiman tunanin fari, ya dace da launin da aka gani na LED. λ_dyana da alaƙa da fahimtar launi na ɗan adam.

10.3 Me yasa yanayin ajiya yana da tsauri haka?

Amsa:Kunshin LED na filastik na iya sha danshi daga iska. A lokacin babban zafin jiki na sake kwararar gyarar lantarki, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya yin tururi da sauri, yana haifar da matsa lamba na ciki wanda zai iya lalata kunshi ko fashe da mutuwa (\"popcorning\"). Tsauraran hanyoyin ajiya da gasa suna sarrafa abun ciki na danshi don hana wannan yanayin gazawa.

11. Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira mai Amfani

Yanayi:Ƙirar allon nuna matsayi don na'urar hanyar sadarwa da ke buƙatar alamun ja (kuskure/kuskure) da kore (aiki/a shirye) a cikin sarari mai ƙaramin sarari.

Ai watar:Yin amfani da LTST-E212KRKGWT yana ba da damar amfani da takamaiman girmar PCB guda ɗaya don duka launukan matsayi. Tsarin PCB ya haɗa da tsarin kushin da aka ba da shawarar. Firmware na microcontroller yana sarrafa fil ɗin GPIO guda biyu, kowanne yana haɗawa ta hanyar resistor mai dacewa mai iyakancewa halin yanzu (misali, 150Ω don samar da 5V) zuwa fil 1 (anode gama gari) na LED. GPIO ɗaya yana tuƙi fil 3 (cathode ja), wani kuma yana tuƙi fil 4 (cathode kore). Wannan ƙirar tana raba sararin PCB da ake buƙata idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED masu launi ɗaya daban-daban guda biyu kuma yana sauƙaƙa haɗawa.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Diodes masu fitar da haske (LEDs) na'urorin semiconductor ne waɗanda ke fitar da haske ta hanyar electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki gaba a kan haɗin p-n, electrons daga yankin n-type suna sake haɗuwa da ramuka daga yankin p-type a cikin Layer mai aiki. Wannan sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsawon tsayi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su. LTST-E212KRKGWT yana amfani da AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don hasken ja da InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) don hasken kore, kowane kayan an zaɓe shi don ingancinsa da tsaftar launi a cikin bakan nasa.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Yanayin gabaɗaya a cikin SMD LEDs kamar wannan yana zuwa ga mafi girman ingancin haske (ƙarin fitowar haske a kowace watt na shigarwar lantarki), ingantaccen daidaiton launi ta hanyar ƙarin matsewa, da ƙarin ƙaramin girma yana ba da damar ƙirar PCB mafi girma. Har ila yau, ana ƙara mai da hankali kan ingantaccen aminci a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi da danshi don cika ma'auni na motoci da na masana'antu. Kimiyyar kayan aiki ta asali tana ci gaba da ci gaba, tare da ci gaba da bincike a cikin sabbin mahadi na semiconductor da tsarin nanostructures don tura iyakokin inganci da ba da damar sabbin launuka.