Bayanin Fasaha na SMD LED 12-215/R6C-AR1S1B/3C - Girman 1.7x1.7x0.7mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 1.75-2.35V - Ja Mai Haske - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakken bayanan fasaha na jerin SMD (Surface Mount Device) LED na 12-215. Wannan kayan aiki ne na LED mai launin ja mai haske, wanda aka tsara don tsarin haɗa na'urorin lantarki na zamani. Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da ƙarancin girman sa idan aka kwatanta da LED na nau'in lead-frame, wanda ke ba da damar ƙara yawan adadin a kan PCBs, rage buƙatun ajiya, kuma a ƙarshe yana taimakawa wajen ƙirƙirar ƙirar samfurin ƙarshe mai ƙarami. Ginin mai sauƙi ya sa ya zama mai dacewa da aikace-aikacen ƙanana da na hannu.

1.1 Siffofi na Asali da Bin Ka'idoji

Ana ba da LED a kan tef na 8mm da aka nannade akan reel mai diamita 7-inch, wanda ya sa ya dace da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa na atomatik don samarwa mai yawa. An tsara shi don jurewa duka tsarin gudanar da reflow na infrared da vapor phase. An gina samfurin da kayan da ba su da gubar kuma ya bi ka'idojin muhalli da aminci da suka haɗa da umarnin EU RoHS, EU REACH, da buƙatun marasa halogen (Br <900 ppm, Cl <900 ppm, Br+Cl < 1500 ppm). Samfurin kansa ana kiyaye shi cikin ƙayyadaddun ka'idojin RoHS.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Bayani na Haƙiƙa

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na haƙiƙa game da mahimman ma'auni na aikin LED kamar yadda aka ayyana a cikin bayanan bayanai. Duk ƙimar an ƙayyade su a yanayin zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C sai dai idan an ambata.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar

Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar yana ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na na'urar zai iya faruwa. Waɗannan ba yanayin aiki ba ne. Ƙimar wannan LED sune: matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V; ci gaba da gaba na gaba (IF) na 25mA; kololuwar gaba na gaba (IFP) na 60mA wanda aka yarda da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (duty cycle 1/10 @ 1kHz); da matsakaicin raguwar wutar lantarki (Pd) na 60mW. Na'urar na iya ɗaukar fitar da tashin hankali (ESD) na 2000V bisa ga Tsarin Jikin Mutum (HBM). Kewayon zafin aiki daga -40°C zuwa +85°C, tare da faɗin kewayon zafin ajiya na -40°C zuwa +90°C. Yanayin zafin gudanarwa yana da mahimmanci: don reflow, an ƙayyade kololuwar 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10, yayin da don gudanar da hannu, zafin ƙarfen guntun ba zai wuce 350°C ba na matsakaicin dakika 3 kowace tasha.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na'ura

Halayen lantarki da na'ura suna ayyana aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun. Tare da gaba na gaba (IF) na 20mA, ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana da kewayon kwandon na yau da kullun daga 112.0 mcd zuwa 225.0 mcd. Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) yana da faɗin digiri 130. Fitowar haske yana cikin bakan ja mai haske, tare da tsayin tsayin tsayi (λp) yawanci a 632 nm da tsayin tsayin tsayi (λd) daga 617.5 nm zuwa 633.5 nm dangane da kwandon. Faɗin bakan (Δλ) yawanci 20 nm ne. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) da ake buƙata don cimma 20mA ya kasance daga 1.75V zuwa 2.35V. Ƙarfin lantarki na baya (IR) yana da ƙasa sosai, tare da matsakaicin 10 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da baya na 5V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Kwandon

An rarraba LED zuwa kwanduna don mahimman ma'auni don tabbatar da daidaito a aikace. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman buƙatun haske da launi.

3.1 Kwandon Ƙarfin Hasken

An rarraba ƙarfin haske zuwa lambobin kwandon guda uku: R1 (112.0 - 140.0 mcd), R2 (140.0 - 180.0 mcd), da S1 (180.0 - 225.0 mcd), duk an auna su a IF=20mA.

3.2 Kwandon Tsayin Tsayin Tsayi

Tsayin tsayin tsayi, wanda ke da alaƙa da launin da ake gani, an rarraba shi zuwa lambobin kwandon huɗu: E4 (617.5 - 621.5 nm), E5 (621.5 - 625.5 nm), E6 (625.5 - 629.5 nm), da E7 (629.5 - 633.5 nm), an auna su a IF=20mA.

3.3 Kwandon Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba

An rarraba ƙarfin lantarki na gaba zuwa lambobin kwandon uku: 0 (1.75 - 1.95 V), 1 (1.95 - 2.15 V), da 2 (2.15 - 2.35 V), an auna su a IF=20mA. Ƙarshen lambar sashi (misali, /3C) yana iya da alaƙa da takamaiman haɗin kwandon.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Duk da yake ba a bayyana takamaiman zane-zane a cikin rubutun da aka bayar, yawanci za a sami lanƙwasa halayen lantarki da na'ura don irin wannan LED waɗanda ke da mahimman zane-zane masu mahimmanci don ƙira.

4.1 Gaba na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin wutar lantarki da ke gudana ta LED da ƙarfin lantarki a kan tashoshinta. Ba shi da layi, tare da siffar ƙarfin lantarki na "gwiwa" (kusa da VF na yau da kullun) wanda sama da shi wutar lantarki tana ƙaruwa da sauri tare da ƙananan ƙaruwar ƙarfin lantarki. Wannan yana nuna mahimmanciyar buƙatar da'irar iyakance wutar lantarki (kamar resistor na jerin ko direba mai ci gaba) don hana guduwar zafi da lalacewa.

4.2 Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Gaba na Gaba

Wannan jadawalin yana kwatanta yadda fitowar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da gaba na gaba. Gabaɗaya yana da layi a cikin kewayon aikin da aka ba da shawarar amma zai cika a manyan wutar lantarki. Yin aiki sama da matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar yana haifar da raguwar inganci da haɓakar lalacewa.

4.3 Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi

Fitowar haske na LED yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin ya tashi. Wannan lanƙwasa yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma, saboda yana taimaka wa masu ƙira rage ƙimar hasken da ake tsammani ko aiwatar da sarrafa zafi don kiyaye aiki.

4.4 Rarraba Bakan

Zane na ƙarfin dangi da tsayin tsayi, yana nuna kololuwar a ~632 nm da faɗin bakan ~20 nm, yana tabbatar da fitowar ja mai haske mai launi ɗaya.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin da Gano Polarity

LED yana da ƙaramin kunshin SMD mai siffar rectangular. Zane mai girma yana nuna girman jiki kusan 1.7mm tsayi da faɗi, tare da tsayi kusan 0.7mm (takamaiman ƙimar ±0.1mm sai dai idan an ambata). An bayyana polarity a fili: an gano cathode ta hanyar alama ta musamman a saman kunshin da kuma madaidaicin chamfer ko notch a gefe ɗaya na ra'ayin ƙasa. Daidaitaccen jagorar polarity yayin haɗawa wajibi ne don aikin da ya dace.

6. Jagororin Gudanarwa da Haɗawa

Daidaitaccen sarrafawa da gudanarwa suna da mahimmanci ga amincin.

6.1 Bukatar Iyakance Wutar Lantarki

Ana buƙatar resistor na iyakance wutar lantarki na waje ko da'ira. Halayen I-V na LED na nuna cewa ƙaramin ƙaruwar ƙarfin lantarki na iya haifar da babban ƙaruwar wutar lantarki mai lalacewa.

6.2 Ajiya da Hancin Danshi

Ana kunna LED a cikin jakar da ba ta shiga ruwa tare da desiccant. Kada a buɗe jakar har sai an shirya don amfani. Kafin buɗewa, ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH. Bayan buɗewa, "rayuwar bene" shekara 1 ce a ƙarƙashin ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Ya kamata a sake rufe sassan da ba a yi amfani da su ba. Idan mai nuna desiccant ya canza launi ko an wuce lokacin ajiya, ana buƙatar maganin gasa a 60±5°C na awanni 24 kafin gudanar da reflow.

6.3 Bayanin Yanayin Gudanar da Reflow

An ƙayyade bayanin reflow maras gubar. Mahimman ma'auni sun haɗa da: matakin pre-heating tsakanin 150-200°C na dakika 60-120; lokaci sama da ruwa (217°C) na dakika 60-150; matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba, an riƙe shi na matsakaicin dakika 10; kuma matsakaicin ƙimar hawan da sanyaya na 6°C/sec da 3°C/sec, bi da bi. Kada a yi reflow fiye da sau biyu. A guji damuwa na injiniya akan kunshin yayin dumama kuma kada a karkatar da PCB bayan gudanarwa.

6.4 Gudanar da Hannu da Gyara

Idan gudanar da hannu ya zama dole, yi amfani da ƙarfen gudanarwa tare da zafin guntun <350°C, shafa zafi ga kowace tasha na ≤3 seconds, kuma yi amfani da ƙarfen ƙarancin wutar lantarki (<25W). Ba da tazarar sanyaya na >2 seconds tsakanin tashoshi. An ƙi gyara bayan gudanarwa na farko. Idan ba za a iya kaucewa ba, dole ne a yi amfani da ƙarfen gudanarwa mai kai biyu don dumama tashoshi biyu lokaci guda kuma don guje wa lalata haɗin waya na ciki saboda damuwa na zafi.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Reel da Tef

Ana isar da abubuwan a cikin tef mai ƙyalli akan reels mai diamita 7-inch. Kowace reel tana ƙunshe da guda 3000. An ba da cikakkun ma'auni don aljihun tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya da reel don tabbatar da dacewa da masu ciyar da atomatik.

7.2 Bayanin Alamar

Alamar reel tana ƙunshe da filaye masu mahimmanci da yawa: CPN (Lambar Samfur na Abokin Ciniki), P/N (Lambar Samfur), QTY (Adadin Kunshin), CAT (Matsayi/Kwandon Ƙarfin Hasken), HUE (Launi/Tsawon Tsayin Tsayi/Matsayi/Kwandon), REF (Matsayi/Kwandon Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba), da LOT No (Lambar Lot mai Bincike).

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED ya dace da nau'ikan nuni da hasken baya daban-daban. Aikace-aikacen gama gari sun haɗa da hasken baya don dashboard na mota da maɓalli; alamomin yanayi da hasken baya na maɓalli a cikin na'urorin sadarwa kamar wayoyi da na'urorin faks; hasken baya mai lebur don ƙananan LCDs, maɓalli, da alamomi; da amfani da nuni na gama gari a cikin na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da Ƙira

Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da abubuwa da yawa: 1) Koyaushe aiwatar da resistor na jerin ko direba mai ci gaba bisa ga ƙarfin wutar lantarki da kwandon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED. 2) Yi la'akari da tasirin zafi akan ƙarfin haske, musamman a cikin wuraren da aka rufe ko manyan yanayin zafi. 3) Tabbatar da tsarin kushin PCB ya dace da girman kunshin kuma ya ba da damar samar da fillet na gudanarwa da ya dace. 4) Bi ƙa'idodin madaidaicin hancin danshi da bayanin reflow don hana fashewar kunshin ko rabuwa.

9. Kwatanta na Fasaha da Bambanci

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LED na rami, wannan nau'in SMD yana ba da raguwa mai yawa a cikin girman da nauyi, yana ba da damar ƙirar ƙanana na zamani. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 130 yana ba da kyakkyawan gani na gefe, wanda ke da fa'ida ga alamomin panel. Amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlGaInP ya zama na yau da kullun don LED ja da amber masu inganci, suna ba da haske mai kyau. Bin ƙa'idodin muhalli na zamani (marasa gubar, marasa halogen) shine babban bambanci ga samfuran da ke niyyar kasuwanni na duniya tare da ƙa'idodi masu tsauri.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Me yasa resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki ya zama dole?

A: Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na LED yana da ƙimar zafi mara kyau da lanƙwasa I-V mai kaifi. Ba tare da resistor ba, kowane ƙaramin ƙaruwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki ko raguwar VF saboda dumama yana haifar da haɓakar wutar lantarki mai yawa, wanda ke haifar da gazawar nan take.

Q: Menene lambobin kwandon (R1, E5, 0) ke nufi ga ƙirar ta?

A: Suna ƙayyade kewayon da aka garantiyata don haske (CAT), launi (HUE), da ƙarfin lantarki (REF). Don daidaitaccen bayyanar a cikin jerin LED da yawa, ƙayyade ƙunƙun kwanduna don HUE da CAT. Don ƙirar wutar lantarki, kwandon ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade ƙididdigar ƙimar resistor.

Q: Zan iya amfani da wannan LED a waje?

A: Kewayon zafin aiki ya kai zuwa -40°C zuwa +85°C, wanda ya ƙunshi yanayin waje da yawa. Duk da haka, dogon bayyanar da radiation na UV da danshi na iya lalata resin na epoxy bayan lokaci. Don mawuyacin yanayi, yi la'akari da LED tare da rufi mai daidaitawa ko musamman an ƙididdige su don amfani da waje.

Q: Sau nawa zan iya sake gudanar da wannan LED?

A: Bayanan bayanai sun bayyana a fili cewa bai kamata a yi gudanar da reflow fiye da sau biyu ba. Kowace zagayowar reflow tana sanya kunshin cikin damuwa na zafi, mai yiwuwa yana raunana haɗin ciki ko haifar da rabuwa.

11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi: Ƙirƙirar panel mai nuna yanayi tare da LED ja iri ɗaya 10.

1. Zaɓin Ma'auni:Zaɓi kwanduna don daidaito. Zaɓi kwandon HUE E6 (625.5-629.5 nm) da kwandon CAT R2 (140.0-180.0 mcd) don daidaitaccen launi da haske. Yi zaton kwandon VF 1 (1.95-2.15V).

2. Ƙirar Da'ira:Yin amfani da wadataccen wutar lantarki na 5V. Don mafi munin VF_min (1.95V), resistor na jerin da ake buƙata R = (Vsupply - VF) / IF = (5V - 1.95V) / 0.020A = 152.5Ω. Don VF_max (2.15V), R = (5V - 2.15V) / 0.020A = 142.5Ω. Zaɓin resistor na yau da kullun na 150Ω yana kiyaye wutar lantarki tsakanin 19mA da 20.3mA, a cikin iyakar 25mA, kuma yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen haske a duk raka'a.

3. Shimfidawa:Sanya resistor 150Ω a cikin jerin tare da kowane LED. Bi zanen kunshin don tsarin ƙasa na 1.7x1.7mm, tabbatar da daidaitaccen jagorar cathode.

4. Haɗawa:Bi ka'idodin ajiyar danshi da bayanin reflow maras gubar da gaske.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Diodes masu fitar da haske (LEDs) na'urorin semiconductor ne waɗanda ke fitar da haske ta hanyar electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka shafa ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin p-n, electrons daga kayan n-type suna sake haɗuwa da ramuka daga kayan p-type a cikin yanki mai aiki (wanda ya ƙunshi AlGaInP a wannan yanayin). Wannan tsarin sake haɗawa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsayin tsayi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su. Kunshin resin na epoxy yana aiki don kare guntu na semiconductor, siffanta fitowar hasken (sakamakon kusurwar kallo na 130°), da samar da tsarin injiniya don gudanarwa.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Gabaɗaya yanayin a cikin SMD LEDs yana ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), ƙaruwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki a cikin ƙananan fakitoci, da ingantaccen nuna launi da daidaito. Hakanan akwai ƙwararren tuƙi don faɗaɗa amfani da kayan da suka dace da muhalli da hanyoyin samarwa. Haɗa na'urorin lantarki na sarrafawa (kamar direbobi masu ci gaba) kai tsaye cikin fakitocin LED wani yanki ne mai tasowa, yana sauƙaƙa ƙirar da'ira ga mai amfani na ƙarshe. Don LED na nau'in nuni, abin da ke ci gaba da mayar da hankali shi ne amincin, ƙanana, da ingancin kuɗi don haɗa atomatik mai yawa.