Bayanin Fasaha na LED SMD 19-213/R6C-AP1Q2B/3T - Ja Mai Kyau - 20mA - 2.35V - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

19-213 LED ne na'ura mai amfani (SMD) wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikace masu yawa na nuna alama da hasken baya. Ta amfani da fasahar guntu na AlGaInP, tana fitar da launin ja mai kyau. Ƙaramin fakitin SMD ɗin yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci a cikin zanen lantarki na zamani, gami da rage sararin allo, mafi girman yawan ajiya, da dacewa da hanyoyin haɗawa na atomatik, wanda ya sa ya dace da ƙananan samfura da samarwa mai yawa.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Matsayin Samfur

Babban fa'idar wannan ɓangaren shine ƙaramin girmansa, wanda kai tsaye yana ba da gudummawa ga ƙananan girman samfur na ƙarshe da rage buƙatun ajiya. Ya cika daidaitaccen tsarin solder na reflow na infrared da tururi, yana daidaitawa da layukan haɗa PCB na zamani masu inganci. Samfurin ya bi ka'idojin muhalli masu mahimmanci: ba shi da gubar, ya bi ka'idodin RoHS, ya bi ka'idodin REACH, kuma ya cika ka'idodin marasa halogen (Br <900 ppm, Cl <900 ppm, Br+Cl < 1500 ppm). Wannan ya sa ya dace da kasuwannin duniya masu matsanancin kulawar muhalli. Ƙaramin nauyinsa yana ƙara haɓaka amfani da shi a cikin aikace-aikace masu ɗauka da ƙanana.

1.2 Kasuwa da Aikace-aikace da Ake Nufi

An yi niyya ga wannan LED ga na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, sarrafa masana'antu, da aikace-aikace na cikin gida na mota. Takamaiman amfani sun haɗa da:

• Hasken baya don dashbodi na kayan aikin, maɓalli, da kuma kwamfutoci.
• Alamomin yanayi da hasken baya na maɓalli a cikin na'urorin sadarwa kamar wayoyi da na'urorin faks.
• Hasken baya mai lebur don nunin LCD, alamomi, da alamun kasuwa.
• Aikace-aikacen nuna alama na gabaɗaya a cikin na'urorin lantarki daban-daban.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Ma'aunin Fasaha

Fahimtar iyakokin lantarki da na gani yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen zane na kewayawa da tabbatar da aiki na dogon lokaci.

2.1 Iyakar Ma'auni na Cikakke

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ya kamata a ci gaba da aiki a cikin waɗannan iyakoki koyaushe.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5 V. Wuce wannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin bias na baya zai iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Ci gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (I_F):25 mA. Ƙarfin lantarki na aiki da aka ba da shawarar shine 20 mA; 25 mA shine iyakar cikakke.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba na Kololuwa (I_FP):60 mA. Wannan yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (duty cycle 1/10 @ 1 kHz) kuma ba za a yi amfani da shi don aikin DC ba.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d):60 mW. Wannan shine iyakar wutar lantarki da fakitin zai iya watsawa a yanayin zafi na 25°C.
• Zubar da Lantarki Mai Tsafta (ESD) Samfurin Jikin Mutum (HBM):2000 V. Hanyoyin sarrafa ESD masu dacewa suna da mahimmanci yayin haɗawa da sarrafawa.
• Yanayin Zafi na Aiki (T_opr):-40 zuwa +85 °C. An ƙididdige na'urar don kewayon zafin masana'antu.
• Yanayin Zafi na Ajiya (T_stg):-40 zuwa +90 °C.
• Yanayin Zafi na Solder:Matsakaicin zafin jiki na solder reflow bai kamata ya wuce 260°C na dakika 10 ba. Don solder da hannu, zafin ƙarshen guntun ƙarfe ya kamata ya zama <350°C na <3 dakika kowace tasha.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Hasken Gani (T_a=25°C)

Waɗannan sune ma'auni na yau da kullun da aka auna a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na 20 mA ƙarfin lantarki na gaba.

• Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (I_v):45 - 112 mcd (millicandela). An sarrafa babban kewayon ta hanyar tsarin rarrabawa (duba Sashe na 3).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 120 (na yau da kullun). Wannan faɗin kusurwar dubawa yana sa ya dace da aikace-aikace inda ganin daga kusurwoyi daban-daban ke da mahimmanci.
• Tsawon Zangon Kololuwa (λ_p):632 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan shine tsawon zangon da aka fi rarraba wutar lantarki a kai.
• Tsawon Zangon Hasken da Ya Fi Rinjaye (λ_d):617.5 - 633.5 nm. Wannan yana ayyana launin hasken da ake gani kuma yana ƙarƙashin rarrabawa.
• Faɗin Band na Hasken Gani (Δλ):20 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan yana nuna tsaftar hasken ja.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):1.75 - 2.35 V a I_F=20mA. Dole ne a yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa na yanzu a jere tare da LED don saita ƙarfin lantarki na aiki bisa ga ƙarfin lantarki da takamaiman V_Fna LED (wanda ya bambanta da rumbun).
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (I_R):< 10 µA a V_R=5V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa rumbuna bisa ma'auni masu mahimmanci. 19-213 yana amfani da tsarin rarrabawa mai girma uku.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Hasken Gani

Ana rarraba LED zuwa rumbuna huɗu (P1, P2, Q1, Q2) bisa ga ƙarfin hasken gani da aka auna a 20 mA. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar matakin haske mai dacewa don aikace-aikacensu, yana tabbatar da daidaiton gani a cikin raka'a da yawa.

• P1:45 - 57 mcd
• P2:57 - 72 mcd
• Q1:72 - 90 mcd
• Q2:90 - 112 mcd

3.2 Rarrabawar Tsawon Zangon Hasken da Ya Fi Rinjaye

Ana sarrafa launi (hue) ta hanyar rarraba LED zuwa rumbunan tsawon zango huɗu (E4, E5, E6, E7). Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikace inda daidaitawar launi tsakanin LED da yawa ke da mahimmanci.

• E4:617.5 - 621.5 nm
• E5:621.5 - 625.5 nm
• E6:625.5 - 629.5 nm
• E7:629.5 - 633.5 nm

3.3 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba

Ana rarraba ƙarfin lantarki na gaba zuwa rumbuna uku (0, 1, 2). Sanin V_Frumbun yana da mahimmanci don lissafin resistor mai iyakancewa na yanzu daidai, musamman a cikin aikace-aikacen da aka kunna da baturi inda inganci ke da mahimmanci.

• 0:1.75 - 1.95 V
• 1:1.95 - 2.15 V
• 2:2.15 - 2.35 V

Cikakken lambar sashi 19-213/R6C-AP1Q2B/3T ya haɗa da lambobin da ke ƙayyadad da waɗannan zaɓin rumbun, yana ba da damar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ɓangaren.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

4.1 Girman Fakitin da Ƙa'idar Ƙarfin Lantarki

LED yana cikin daidaitaccen fakitin SMD. An yiwa cathode alama a jikin na'urar. An ba da cikakkun zane-zane masu girma a cikin takardar bayanin, tare da mahimmancin iyakoki na ±0.1mm. Dole ne masu zane su bi tsarin ƙasa na PCB da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da daidaitawa.

4.2 Ƙayyadaddun Fakitin

Ana samar da ɓangarorin akan tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin 8mm wanda aka nannade akan reels masu diamita 7-inch. Kowace reel tana ɗauke da guda 3000. Fakitin ya haɗa da matakan hana danshi: ana sanya reel a cikin jakar hana danshi na aluminum tare da desiccant da alamar nuna alama. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga ɓangarorin masu kula da shan danshi kafin solder.

5. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Sarrafawa da solder daidai suna da mahimmanci don hana lalacewa da tabbatar da amincin.

5.1 Bayanin Yanayin Solder na Reflow

An ƙayyade bayanin reflow mara gubar (Pb-free). Ma'auni masu mahimmanci sun haɗa da:

• Dumama kafin tsakanin 150-200°C na dakika 60-120.
• Lokaci sama da ruwa (217°C): dakika 60-150.
• Matsakaicin zafin jiki: 260°C matsakaici, an riƙe shi ba fiye da dakika 10 ba.
• Matsakaicin ƙimar dumama: 6°C/sec; matsakaicin ƙimar sanyaya: 3°C/sec.

Bai kamata a yi solder reflow fiye da sau biyu akan LED ɗaya ba.

5.2 Kula da Solder da Hannu

Idan solder da hannu ya zama dole, dole ne a yi kulawa sosai:

• Yi amfani da guntun ƙarfe mai zafin ƙarshen ƙasa da 350°C.
• Iyakance lokacin solder kowace tasha zuwa dakika 3 ko ƙasa da haka.
• Yi amfani da guntun ƙarfe mai ƙimar wutar lantarki 25W ko ƙasa da haka.
• Ba da tazarar sanyaya aƙalla dakika 2 tsakanin solder kowace tasha.

5.3 Hatsarin Danshi da Ajiya

Wannan ɓangaren yana da kula da danshi. Ku bi waɗannan sharuɗɗan ajiya:

• Kafin buɗewa:Ajiye a ≤ 30°C da ≤ 90% Danshi Dangi (RH).
• Bayan buɗewa:"Rayuwar bene" shine shekara 1 a ƙarƙashin ≤ 30°C da ≤ 60% RH. Dole ne a sake rufe LED da ba a yi amfani da su ba a cikin jakar hana danshi tare da sabon desiccant.
• Baking:Idan alamar nuna desiccant ta nuna jikewa ko lokacin ajiya ya wuce, ku yi baking LED a 60 ± 5°C na sa'o'i 24 kafin amfani.

6. Abubuwan da Ake Yi la'akari da su a Zane na Aikace-aikace

6.1 Zane na Kewayawa

Iyakancewa na Yanzu Yana da Wajibi:Ana buƙatar resistor na jere na waje don saita ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Halayen V-I na LED yana da ƙima; ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki zai iya haifar da babban ƙaruwa mai lalata a cikin yanzu. Ƙimar resistor (R) ana ƙididdige shi azaman R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Koyaushe yi amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga rumbun ko takardar bayanin don zane mai ra'ayin mazan jiya wanda ke tabbatar da I_Fba ya wuce 20 mA a ƙarƙashin mafi munin yanayi.

6.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Yayin da rushewar wutar lantarki yake da ƙasa (60 mW matsakaici), shimfidar PCB daidai zai iya haɓaka tsawon rai. Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla a kusa da kushin LED don yin aiki azaman nutsewar zafi, musamman idan ana aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma ko kusa da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki.

6.3 Zane na Hasken Gani

Kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120 yana ba da fitarwa mai faɗi. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar hasken da aka jagoranta, ana iya amfani da na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau, bututun haske). Ruwan tabarau na ruwa mai tsabta ya dace don amfani tare da masu tace launi na waje idan ana buƙatar takamaiman inuwar ja.

7. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

19-213 ya bambanta kansa ta hanyar haɗuwa da daidaitaccen, ƙafar SMD mai dacewa da yawa, tsarin rarrabawa mai kyau don daidaiton launi da haske, da kuma bin ka'idodin muhalli na zamani. Idan aka kwatanta da manyan LED na rami, yana ba da ceton sarari mai mahimmanci da dacewa da haɗawa ta atomatik. A cikin sashin LED ja na SMD, takamaiman fasahar AlGaInP ɗin sa yana ba da fitarwar ja mai inganci, kuma cikakken takardar bayaninsa tare da bayyananniyar rarrabawa da bayanan aikace-aikace yana goyan bayan ƙwaƙƙwaran shiga cikin zane.

8. Tambayoyin da Ake Yi Akai-akai (FAQs)

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga wadataccen dabaru na 3.3V ko 5V?

A: A'a. Dole ne koyaushe kuna amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa na jere. Misali, tare da wadataccen 5V da V na yau da kullun_Fna 2.0V a 20mA, ƙimar resistor zata zama (5V - 2V) / 0.02A = 150 Ohms. Resistor 150-ohm zai zama mafari mai kyau.

Q: Me ake nufi da launin guringuzi na "ruwa mai tsabta"?

A> Yana nufin ruwan tabarau na LED yana bayyane, ba ya watsawa ko launi. Launin ja yana zuwa gaba ɗaya daga hasken da guntun semiconductor kansa ya fitar. Wannan sau da yawa yana haifar da bayyanar launi mai cika.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambar sashi don yin oda?

A> Maƙasudin (misali, /R6C-AP1Q2B/3T) yana ɗauke da lambobin don rumbunan aiki. "Q2" mai yiwuwa yana nufin rumbun ƙarfin hasken gani (Q2: 90-112 mcd), kuma wasu haruffa suna ƙayyadad da rumbunan tsawon zango da ƙarfin lantarki. Ku tuntubi cikakken jagorar lambar rumbun mai kera don fassarar daidai lokacin da daidaito ke da mahimmanci.

Q: Shin wannan LED ya dace da hasken waje na mota?

A> Takardar bayanin ta haɗa da bayanin ƙuntatawa na aikace-aikace wanda ke ba da shawarar cewa aikace-aikace masu aminci kamar tsarin aminci/tsaro na mota na iya buƙatar samfurin daban. Don irin waɗannan aikace-aikace, yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar da mai siyar da ɓangaren idan wannan takamaiman sashi ya cancanci madaidaicin ka'idodin mota (misali, AEC-Q102).

9. Misalai na Zane da Amfani na Aiki

Misali na 1: Hasken Baya na Maɓalli na Dashboard.An yi amfani da gungu na LED 19-213 biyar don hasken baya na maɓalli na dutsen. An haɗa su a layi daya, kowannensu yana da nasa resistor 180-ohm zuwa layin mota na 12V (an rage ƙimar don canjin ƙarfin lantarki na mota). Faɗin kusurwar dubawa yana tabbatar da haske daidai gwargwado a kan zanen maɓalli. An zaɓi rumbun haske na Q2 don kyakkyawan gani a cikin hasken rana.

Misali na 2: Alamar Yanayi na PCB.An haɗa LED guda ɗaya tare da resistor 1kΩ zuwa filin GPIO na microcontroller na 3.3V. Microcontroller yana tuƙa filin zuwa sama don kunna LED. Ƙarancin jan yanzu (kusan 1.3mA) yana rage amfani da wutar lantarki a cikin na'urar da aka kunna da baturi. Rumbun tsawon zango na E6 yana ba da daidaitaccen launin alamar ja na yau da kullun.

10. Ka'idar Aiki da Fasaha

LED 19-213 ya dogara ne akan kayan semiconductor na AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin gwiwar p-n, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gami na AlGaInP an ƙera shi don samar da photons a cikin ɓangaren ja na bakan gani (kusan 632 nm). Hasken da aka samar ana fitar da shi ta ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai tsabta, wanda kuma yana ba da kariya ta injiniya da muhalli ga mutuwar semiconductor.

11. Trends na Masana'antu da Mahallin

LED na SMD kamar 19-213 suna wakiltar babban al'ada a cikin nuna alama da haske mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki saboda iya samarwa da inganci. Trends na masana'antu yana ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), ingantaccen daidaiton launi ta hanyar ƙaramin rarrabawa, da ƙara haɗin kai (misali, LED tare da masu sarrafa yanzu ko direbobi na ciki). Bin muhalli (RoHS, REACH, marasa halogen) ya zama daidaitaccen buƙatu. Don alamun ja, AlGaInP ya kasance babbar fasaha saboda ingancinsa da ingancin launi, kodayake ana amfani da wasu kayan don launuka daban-daban (misali, InGaN don shuɗi da kore).