Bayanin Fasaha na LED SMD 17-21/R6C-AN2Q1B/3T - Ja Mai Haske - 20mA - 2.35V Matsakaici - Takardun Fasaha na Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakken bayani game da LED mai hawa a saman (SMD) wanda ke fitar da haske Ja mai haske. Na'urar tana amfani da guntun AlGaInP da aka rufe a cikin resin mai tsabta. Ƙaramin girmansa na SMD yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci ga ƙirar lantarki na zamani, yana ba da damar yin amfani da allon da ya fi girma kuma yana taimakawa wajen rage girman kayan aikin ƙarshe.

1.1 Siffofi da Fa'idodi Masu Muhimmanci

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun samo asali ne daga kayan aiki da ka'idojin da ya bi:

• Kayan Aiki Mai Dacewa da Kayan Aiki:Ana ba da shi akan tef mai girman 8mm wanda aka hawa akan reel mai diamita 7-inch, wanda ya sa ya dace da kayan aiki na atomatik masu saurin ɗauka da sanyawa.
• Dacewar Masana'antu Mai Ƙarfi:An ƙera shi don jurewa tsarin haɗa guntayen infrared (IR) da na tururi, yana tabbatar da haɗin kai ga allunan da'ira (PCBs).
• Dacewar Muhalli:Samfurin ba shi da gubar (Pb-free) kuma ya bi ka'idar RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hadari).
• Sarari da Ƙarfin Nauyi:Tsarin SMD ya fi ƙanƙanta da sauƙi fiye da LED na gargajiya. Wannan raguwar girma yana ba da damar ƙirar PCB mafi ƙanƙanta, mafi girman yawan abubuwan haɗawa, rage buƙatun ajiya, kuma a ƙarshe, samfuran ƙarshe mafi ƙanƙanta.

1.2 Ayyukan Da Ake Nufi

Wannan LED ya dace da ayyuka daban-daban waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙaramin alamar ja ko tushen haske na baya. Misalan amfani sun haɗa da:

• Kayan Aikin Sadarwa:Alamun yanayi da hasken baya na maɓalli a cikin wayoyi da na'urorin fax.
• Kayan Lantarki na Masu Amfani:Hasken baya na lebur don nuni na ruwa (LCDs), hasken baya don sauya da alamomi akan allunan sarrafawa.
• Alamar Gabaɗaya:Duk wani aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar tushen haske ja mai haske da inganci a cikin ƙaramin ƙafa.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na ma'auni na lantarki, na gani, da na zafi na LED. Duk bayanan an ƙayyade su a yanayin zafi (Ta) na 25°C sai dai idan an faɗi.

2.1 Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Cikakke

Waɗannan ma'auni suna bayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a tabbatar da aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba kuma ya kamata a guje su a cikin ƙirar da'ira.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5V. Wuce wannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin hanyar baya zai iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Ci gaba da Ci gaba da Ci gaba (I_F):25mA. Matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC wanda za'a iya ci gaba da amfani da shi.
• Matsakaicin Ci gaba da Ci gaba (I_FP):60mA. Wannan yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da aikin aiki na 1/10 a 1kHz. Yana ba da damar lokutan gajerun haske mafi girma.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d):60mW. Matsakaicin wutar lantarki da kayan aikin zai iya watsawa azaman zafi, wanda aka lissafta azaman Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F) × Ci gaba da Ci gaba (I_F).
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +85°C (aiki), -40°C zuwa +90°C (ajiye).
• Zubar da Lantarki (ESD):2000V (Samfurin Jikin Mutum). Hanyoyin sarrafa ESD masu dacewa suna da mahimmanci yayin haɗawa.
• Zafin Haɗa Guntayen:Na'urar za ta iya jurewa haɗa guntayen tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C har zuwa dakika 10, ko haɗa guntayen hannu a 350°C har zuwa dakika 3 a kowane tashar.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na yau da kullun da aka auna a ƙarƙashin ka'idojin gwaji na yau da kullun (I_F= 20mA).

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_v):Ya bambanta daga 36.0 mcd (millicandela) mafi ƙanƙanta zuwa 90.0 mcd mafi girma, tare da yawan jurewa na ±11%. Wannan yana bayyana hasken da ake gani na LED.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Matsakaicin kusurwa mai faɗi na digiri 140. Wannan shine kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya rabi na ƙarfin a digiri 0 (a kan-axis).
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_p):Yawanci 632 nm. Wannan shine tsawon tsawon lokacin da rarraba ƙarfin haske ya fi girma.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):An ƙayyade shi tsakanin 617.5 nm da 633.5 nm. Wannan tsawon tsawon yayi daidai da launin hasken da ake gani kuma yana da mahimmanci ga bayanin launi fiye da matsakaicin tsawon tsawon.
• Faɗin Tsawon Tsawon (Δλ):Yawanci 20 nm. Wannan yana nuna tsabtar haske; ƙaramin faɗin yana nufin launi mafi monochromatic.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):Ya bambanta daga 1.75V zuwa 2.35V a 20mA, tare da jurewa na ±0.1V. Wannan shine raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin aiki.
• Ci gaba da Ci gaba da Ci gaba (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 μA a cikin karkatar da baya na 5V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samar da yawa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon aiki. Lambar sashi 17-21/R6C-AN2Q1B/3T ya ƙunshi lambobin kwandon don ma'auni masu mahimmanci.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Hasken (Lambar: N2, P1, P2, Q1)

Ana rarraba LED bisa ga ƙarfin hasken da aka auna a 20mA. Lambar kwandon a cikin lambar sashi (misali, Q1) tana ƙayyade kewayon ƙarfin da aka tabbatar don wannan naúrar ta musamman.

• Kwandon N2:36.0 – 45.0 mcd
• Kwandon P1:45.0 – 57.0 mcd
• Kwandon P2:57.0 – 72.0 mcd
• Kwandon Q1:72.0 – 90.0 mcd

3.2 Rarrabawar Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (Lambar: E4, E5, E6, E7)

Ana rarraba LED zuwa ƙungiyoyi (A) da kwandon bisa ga matsakaicin tsawon tsawon, wanda ke bayyana daidaitaccen inuwar ja.

• Kwandon E4:617.5 – 621.5 nm
• Kwandon E5:621.5 – 625.5 nm
• Kwandon E6:625.5 – 629.5 nm
• Kwandon E7:629.5 – 633.5 nm

3.3 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lambar: 0, 1, 2)

Ana rarraba LED (B) da kwandon ta hanyar raguwar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a 20mA. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga ƙirar da'irori masu iyakancewa, musamman lokacin da aka haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya.

• Kwandon 0:1.75 – 1.95 V
• Kwandon 1:1.95 – 2.15 V
• Kwandon 2:2.15 – 2.35 V

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Bayanin bayanan ya haɗa da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke nuna halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Fahimtar waɗannan shine mabuɗin ƙirar da'ira mafi kyau.

4.1 Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Ci gaba da Ci gaba & Zazzabi

Fitowar haske yana daidai da ci gaba da ci gaba. Duk da haka, dangantakar ba ta da kyau sosai, kuma inganci na iya raguwa a cikin halin yanzu masu yawa. Bugu da ƙari, ƙarfin haske yana raguwa yayin da yanayin zafi ya tashi. Lanƙwasa derating yana nuna cewa dole ne a rage matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba da aka yarda lokacin aiki sama da 25°C don guje wa wuce iyakar watsawar wutar lantarki kuma don tabbatar da amincin dogon lokaci.

4.2 Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba vs. Ci gaba da Ci gaba

Wannan lanƙwasa IV yana nuna alaƙar exponential na yau da kullun na diode. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu. Siffar lanƙwasa tana da mahimmanci don fahimtar juriya mai ƙarfi na LED da don lissafin sarrafa zafi.

4.3 Rarraba Haske da Tsarin Radiation

Taswirar rarraba haske ta tabbatar da fitar da ja tare da kololuwa kusan 632 nm da ƙayyadaddun faɗin. Zanen radiation (polar plot) yana wakiltar kusurwar dubawa na digiri 140 a zahiri, yana nuna yadda ƙarfin haske ke rarrabawa ta sarari.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kayan Aiki

LED yana cikin ƙaramin kayan aiki na SMD na masana'antu. Cikakken zanen girma yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar daidai ƙafar PCB (tsarin ƙasa) a cikin software na CAD. Muhimman bayanan injiniya sun haɗa da:

• Duk ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ba a ƙayyade ba ±0.1mm.
• Zanen ya bayyana girman jiki, girman jagora (tashar), da shawarar shimfidar kushin don tabbatar da haɗa guntayen daidai da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya.
• Ana nuna polarity ta hanyar zanen jiki ko alama; daidaitaccen yanayin yana da mahimmanci ga aikin da'ira.

6. Jagororin Haɗa Guntayen da Haɗawa

Sarrafa da haɗa guntayen daidai suna da mahimmanci ga yawan amfanin ƙasa da aminci.

6.1 Ajiya da Hancin Danshi

Ana tattara LED a cikin jakar shinge mai hana danshi tare da desiccant. Don hana popcorning (fashewar kayan aiki saboda saurin faɗaɗa tururi yayin sake kwarara), dole ne masu amfani su bi waɗannan:

• Kada ku buɗe jakar har sai an shirya don amfani.
• Ajiye jakunan da ba a buɗe ba a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH.
• Bayan buɗewa, "rayuwar bene" shekara 1 ne a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Ya kamata a sake rufe sassan da ba a amfani da su ba.
• Idan mai nuna desiccant ya canza launi ko kuma an wuce lokacin ajiya, ana buƙatar gasa a 60±5°C na awanni 24 kafin sake kwarara.

6.2 Bayanin Siffar Sake Haɗa Guntayen

An ƙayyade siffar sake kwarara mara gubar:

• Pre-heat:150–200°C na dakika 60–120.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus (TAL):Dakika 60–150 sama da 217°C.
• Matsakaicin Zazzabi:Matsakaicin 260°C, an riƙe shi ba fiye da dakika 10 ba. Lokacin sama da 255°C bai kamata ya wuce dakika 30 ba.
• Yawan Dumama/Sanyaya:Matsakaicin 3°C/sec dumama zuwa kololuwa, matsakaicin 6°C/sec sanyaya daga kololuwa.
• Mahimmanci:Kada a yi sake kwarara fiye da sau biyu. Guji matsin lamba na injiniya akan LED yayin dumama kuma kada ku karkatar da PCB bayan haɗa guntayen.

6.3 Haɗa Guntayen Hannu da Sake Aiki

Idan haɗa guntayen hannu ya zama dole, yi amfani da ƙarfe mai haɗa guntayen tare da zafin ƙarshe ≤350°C, shafa zafi ga kowane tasha na ≤3 seconds, kuma yi amfani da ƙarfe mai ƙima ≤25W. Bar aƙalla tazarar dakika 2 tsakanin haɗa kowane tasha. Ana ƙin sake aiki sosai. Idan babu makawa, dole ne a yi amfani da ƙarfe mai haɗa guntayen mai kai biyu na musamman don dumama tashoshi biyu lokaci guda don hana lalacewar zafi da injiniya ga haɗin guntayen ko mutuwar LED.

7. Bayanin Kayan Aiki da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Ana ba da LED a cikin tef mai ɗaukar hoto tare da girman da aka bayar. Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da guda 3000. Hakanan an ƙayyade girman reel (diamita 7-inch) don dacewa da kayan aiki na atomatik.

7.2 Bayanin Alama

Alamar reel ta ƙunshi filaye masu mahimmanci da yawa: Lambar Sashen Abokin Ciniki (CPN), Lambar Sashen Masana'anta (P/N), Yawan Tattarawa (QTY), da takamaiman lambobin kwandon don Ƙarfin Hasken (CAT), Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon/Hue (HUE), da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (REF), tare da Lambar Lot na samarwa.

8. Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

8.1 Muhimmin Ƙirar Da'ira: Iyakancewa Halin Yanzu

Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin ƙa'idar ƙira.LED na'urar ce da aka tuƙa ta halin yanzu. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana da ƙaramin ma'auni na zafi kuma ya bambanta daga naúrar zuwa naúrar (kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin rarrabawa). Saboda haka shidolea tuƙa shi ta hanyar tushen halin yanzu na dindindin ko, fiye da haka, tare da resistor mai iyakancewa na jerin. Haɗa LED kai tsaye zuwa tushen ƙarfin lantarki, ko da wanda ya dace da V na sa_F, zai haifar da haɓakar halin yanzu mara sarrafawa wanda zai haifar da gazawar nan take. Ana lissafin ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F.

8.2 Gudanar da Zazzabi

Duk da yawan watsawar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa, ingantaccen ƙirar zafi yana tsawaita tsawon rayuwa kuma yana kiyaye haske. Tabbatar cewa kushin PCB suna ba da taimakon zafi mai isa kuma guji sanya LED kusa da wasu abubuwan haɗawa masu samar da zafi. Bi lanƙwasa derating na halin yanzu na gaba don yanayin zafi mai girma.

8.3 Ƙirar Gani

Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 140 ya sa wannan LED ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai faɗi ko ganuwa daga kusurwoyi da yawa. Don hasken da aka mayar da hankali, za a buƙaci na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau). Resin mai tsabta yana da kyau don samun mafi girman yuwuwar fitowar haske.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban abubuwan banbance-banbance na wannan ɓangaren shine haɗin kai na musamman na kayan aiki, kayan aiki, da aiki:

• Fasahar Guntun AlGaInP:Wannan tsarin kayan yana da suna don samar da LED ja, orange, da amber masu inganci tare da ingantaccen haske da kwanciyar hankali na launi idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi.
• Fa'idar Kayan Aiki na SMD:Idan aka kwatanta da LED na rami, yana ba da fa'idodin girman, nauyi, da saurin haɗawa da aka ambata, waɗanda suke daidaitattun abubuwan haɗin SMD na zamani.
• Cikakken Bayanin Rarrabawa:Rarrabawar ma'auni uku (ƙarfi, tsawon tsawon, ƙarfin lantarki) yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaito mai ƙarfi a cikin haske, launi, ko halayen lantarki, yana rage buƙatar gyaran da'ira akan layin samarwa.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a 30mA don mafi girman haske?

A: A'a. Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Cikakke don ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba shine 25mA. Wuce wannan ƙimar yana lalata aminci kuma yana iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin. Don mafi girman haske, zaɓi LED kwandon tare da mafi girman ƙarfin haske (misali, Q1) ko kuma yi amfani da aikin bugun jini a cikin I_FP rating.

Q: Bayanin bayanan yana nuna V_Fna 2.0V na yau da kullun. Me yasa da'irata tana buƙatar wadata 3.3V?

A: Ana buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfin lantarki don shawo kan raguwar ƙarfin lantarki akan resistor mai iyakancewa. Misali, don tuƙa LED a 20mA daga wadata 3.3V tare da V_Fna 2.0V, kuna buƙatar resistor: R = (3.3V - 2.0V) / 0.020A = 65 Ohms. Resistor yana watsar da ƙarin wutar lantarki.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambar sashi 17-21/R6C-AN2Q1B/3T?

A> Duk da yake cikakken alamar suna na iya zama na mallakar mallaka, ana iya gano sassan maɓalli: "17-21" mai yiwuwa yana nuni ga salon/girman kayan aiki. "R6C" na iya nuna launi (Ja) da nau'in guntun. "AN2Q1B" ya ƙunshi lambobin kwandon: A (Ƙungiyar Tsawon Tsawon), N2 (Kwandon Ƙarfi), Q1 (Kwandon Ƙarfi), B (Ƙungiyar Ƙarfin Lantarki). "3T" na iya shafi tef tattarawa ko bita.

11. Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira na Aiki

Yanayi:Ƙirar allon nuna yanayi tare da LED ja iri ɗaya 10, duk suna samun wutar lantarki daga layin dogo mai ƙarfi 5V. Daidaiton haske yana da mahimmanci.

Matakan Ƙira:

1. Zaɓi Kwandon:Zaɓi LED daga kwandon ƙarfin haske iri ɗaya (misali, duk Q1: 72-90 mcd) da kwandon tsawon tsawon iri ɗaya (misali, duk E6: 625.5-629.5 nm) don tabbatar da daidaiton gani.
2. Lissafa Resistor na Jerin:Yi amfani damatsakaicin V_Fdaga kwandon (misali, Kwandon 2: 2.35V) don ƙirar mafi munin yanayi don tabbatar da cewa halin yanzu bai taɓa wuce 20mA ba. R = (5V - 2.35V) / 0.020A = 132.5 Ohms. Yi amfani da ƙimar daidaitaccen da ya fi kusa (130 ko 150 Ohms). Resistor 150 Ohm yana ba da gefen aminci: I_F= (5V - 2.35V) / 150 = ~17.7mA.
3. Shimfidar PCB:Sanya LED ta amfani da girman kayan aiki. Haɗa kowane LED tare da nasa resistor na jerin zuwa layin dogo 5V. Guji haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya tare da resistor guda ɗaya, saboda ƙananan bambance-bambancen V_Fzai haifar da rashin daidaito mai yawa na halin yanzu da rashin daidaiton haske.
4. Haɗawa:Bi jagororin sarrafa danshi da siffar sake kwarara daidai don tabbatar da haɗin kai na haɗin guntayen da hana lalacewa.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Ana samar da haske ta hanyar aikin da ake kira electroluminescence a cikin guntun semiconductor na AlGaInP. Lokacin da aka shafa ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce yuwuwar da aka gina na haɗin gwiwa, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yanki mai aiki daga kayan n-type da p-type, bi da bi. Waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin aluminum, gallium, indium, da phosphide a cikin yadudduka na guntun yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yana bayyana tsawon tsawon (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, ja mai haske.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Gabaɗayan yanayin fasahar LED yana ci gaba zuwa mafi girman inganci (fiye da lumens a kowace watt), ingantaccen bayyana launi, da ƙara yawan wutar lantarki. Don LED na SMD irin na alama kamar wannan, trends sun haɗa da ƙarin rage girman (misali, kayan aiki na guntun guntu), mafi girman amfani da kayan aiki masu inganci kamar InGaN don shuɗi/kore da AlGaInP don ja/lemu, da ingantaccen aminci a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsanani. Haɗin kai tare da kayan lantarki na tuƙi (misali, ƙa'idar halin yanzu da aka gina a ciki ko masu sarrafa PWM) a cikin kayan aiki kuma ci gaba ne mai gudana don sauƙaƙe ƙirar da'ira na mai amfani na ƙarshe.