Bayanin Fasaha na LED SMD 19-217/R6C-P1Q2/3T - Ja Mai Haske - 20mA - 2.0V - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

19-217 LED ne na Surface-mount device (SMD) wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen nuni na gabaɗaya da hasken baya. Yana amfani da guntu na AlGaInP don samar da fitilar ja mai haske. Ƙaramin fakitin SMD ɗinsa yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci a cikin ƙirar lantarki na zamani, gami da rage sararin allon, mafi girman yawan abubuwan haɗawa, da ƙananan kayan aiki na ƙarshe gabaɗaya. Na'urar tana bin mahimman ƙa'idodin muhalli da aminci, gami da RoHS, REACH, da buƙatun marasa halogen.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED ya samo asali ne daga ƙaramin siffar SMD ɗinsa. Idan aka kwatanta da LED na gargajiya na ginshiƙan jagora, yana ba da damar ƙananan ƙirar allon lantarki (PCB), rage buƙatun sararin ajiya, da ƙananan samfuran ƙarshe. Wannan ya sa ya dace musamman ga aikace-aikacen da sarari da nauyi suke matuƙar ƙuntatawa. Ana nufin na'urar ga faffadan kasuwanni da suka haɗa da na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, kayan aikin sadarwa (misali wayoyi, na'urorin faks), hasken baya na dashboard na mota da sauya, da aikace-aikacen nuni na gabaɗaya inda ake buƙatar amintaccen tushen haske ja mai ƙarami.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken fassara na gaskiya na mahimman sigogi na lantarki, haske, da zafin jiki waɗanda aka ayyana a cikin takardun bayanai. Fahimtar waɗannan iyakoki da ƙimar al'ada yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen ƙirar da'ira.

2.1 Madaidaicin Iyaka na Gabaɗaya

Madaidaicin Iyaka na Gabaɗaya suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Waɗannan ba yanayin aiki ba ne.

• Ƙarfin Wutar Baya (VR): 5V- Yin amfani da ƙarfin wutar baya wanda ya wuce 5V na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (IF): 25mA- Matsakaicin ci gaba na DC wanda za'a iya wucewa ta cikin LED.
• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (IFP): 60mA- Iyakar ƙarfin wutar bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, 1kHz) don ɗan gajeren walƙiya mai ƙarfi. Wuce matsakaicin ƙimar ci gaba ba tare da bugun jini da ya dace ba zai haifar da zafi sosai.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd): 60mW- Matsakaicin wutar lantarki da fakitin zai iya watsawa azaman zafi, wanda aka lissafta azaman Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (VF) * Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (IF).
• ESD (HBM): 2000V- LED yana da ƙimar fitar da wutar lantarki na Model ɗin Jikin Mutum na 2kV. Ana buƙatar matakan kula da ESD da suka dace yayin haɗawa.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya: -40°C zuwa +85°C / -40°C zuwa +90°C- Ya ƙayyade cikakken kewayon muhalli don amfani da ajiyar da ba ta aiki ba.
• Zafin Solder:Na'urar za ta iya jure solder reflow tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C har zuwa dakika 10, ko solder da hannu a 350°C har zuwa dakika 3 kowace tasha.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Ana auna waɗannan sigogi a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na Ta=25°C da IF=20mA, sai dai idan an faɗi daban. Suna ayyana aikin al'ada na LED.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv): 45.0 - 112 mcd (Typ. ba a ƙayyade ba)- Adadin hasken da ake iya gani. Faɗin kewayon yana nuna ana amfani da tsarin binning (duba Sashe na 3). Ƙarfin gwajin shine 20mA.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2): 120° (Na al'ada)- Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya rabi na ƙarfin a 0° (a kan-axis). Wannan kusurwar dubawa ce mai faɗi sosai, wacce ta dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ganuwa mai faɗi.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λp): 632 nm (Na al'ada)- Tsawon tsawon lokacin da ƙarfin hasken ya fi girma. Ga LED ja na AlGaInP, wannan yawanci yana faɗowa a yankin ja-orange zuwa ja.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λd): 624 nm (Na al'ada)- Matsakaicin tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane wanda ya dace da launin hasken LED. Sau da yawa yana ɗan gajarta fiye da matsakaicin tsawon tsawon don LED ja.
• Faɗin Bakan (Δλ): 20 nm (Na al'ada)- Faɗin bakan da aka fitar a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfin (FWHM). Ƙimar 20nm tana nuna launi mai tsafta.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (VF): 1.7V - 2.4V (Typ. 2.0V)- Faɗuwar wutar lantarki a kan LED lokacin da aka tuƙa shi da 20mA. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi amfani da wannan don ƙididdige ƙimar resistor mai iyakancewa da ake buƙata. Ƙimar al'ada na 2.0V mahimmin sigar ƙira ne.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Baya (IR): 10 μA Max.- Ƙaramin ƙarfin wutar yaduwa da ke gudana lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙayyadadden ƙarfin wutar baya (5V).

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Takardun bayanai ta zayyana tsarin binning na ƙarfin haske don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin haske don aikace-aikacen samarwa. Takamaiman lambar na'urar "P1Q2" a cikin lambar ɓangaren yana nufin bin dinta.

• Lambar Bin P1:Ƙarfin Hasken daga 45.0 mcd zuwa 57.0 mcd.
• Lambar Bin P2:Ƙarfin Hasken daga 57.0 mcd zuwa 72.0 mcd.
• Lambar Bin Q1:Ƙarfin Hasken daga 72.0 mcd zuwa 90.0 mcd.
• Lambar Bin Q2:Ƙarfin Hasken daga 90.0 mcd zuwa 112 mcd.

Ƙarshen lambar ɓangaren "P1Q2/3T" yana nuna cewa wannan takamaiman na'urar ta faɗi cikin bin Q2 don ƙarfin haske. Masu ƙira za su iya zaɓar bin da ya dace bisa ga matakin hasken da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacensu. Takardun bayanai kuma ta lura da juzu'i na gabaɗaya na ±11% akan ƙarfin haske a cikin bin.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwan Aiki

Yayin da PDF ke nuni da "Lanƙwan Halayen Lantarki da Haske na Al'ada," ba a ba da takamaiman zane-zane a cikin rubutun ba. Dangane da halayen LED na daidaitaccen, waɗannan lanƙwan za su haɗa da:

• Lanƙwan IV (Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki):Yana nuna alaƙar ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na "gwiwa" yana kusa da VF na al'ada na 2.0V. Wannan lanƙwan yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar tuƙi.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba:Yana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin wutar lantarki, yawanci a cikin alaƙa kusa da layi a cikin kewayon aiki, kafin inganci ya ragu a ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai yawa saboda dumama.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi:Yana nuna raguwar fitowar haske yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru. Ga yawancin LED, fitarwa yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi.
• Rarraba Bakan:Zane na ƙarfin dangi da tsawon tsawon, yana nuna kololuwa a ~632nm da ~20nm bandwidth.

Ya kamata masu ƙira su tuntubi cikakken takardun bayanai na zane daga masana'anta don waɗannan lanƙwan masu cikakken bayani don inganta aiki akan zafin jiki da yanayin tuƙi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Fakitin

LED yana cikin daidaitaccen fakitin SMD. Zanen da ke cikin takardun bayanai yana ba da mahimman girma gami da tsawon jiki, faɗi, tsayi, da sanya tashoshin cathode/anode. Ana gano cathode ta hanyar alamar gani kamar tsaga, kore dot, ko gefen da aka yanke akan fakitin. Juzu'in girma gabaɗaya ±0.1mm ne sai dai idan an lura daban. Daidaitaccen shimfidar sawun yana da mahimmanci don nasarar zaɓe da sanyawa ta atomatik.

5.2 Gano Polarity

Daidaitaccen polarity yana da mahimmanci don aikin LED. Zanen fakitin na takardun bayanai zai nuna a fili tashar cathode (korau). Sanya LED a cikin baya bias zai hana shi haskakawa kuma, idan ƙimar ƙarfin wutar baya ta wuce, yana iya lalata na'urar.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Daidaitaccen sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye aminci. Takardun bayanai tana ba da cikakkun umarni.

6.1 Ajiya da Hanzarin Danshi

Ana tattara LED a cikin jakar da ba ta shiga danshi tare da desiccant. Kada a buɗe jakar har sai an shirya abubuwan haɗawa don amfani. Idan an buɗe jakar kuma ba a yi amfani da abubuwan haɗawa nan da nan ba, suna da "rayuwar bene" na shekara 1 a ƙarƙashin yanayin sarrafawa (≤30°C, ≤60% RH). Idan an wuce wannan ko kuma idan mai nuna desiccant ya canza launi, ana buƙatar maganin gasa (60±5°C na awanni 24) kafin reflow solder don hana lalacewar "popcorning" daga tururin danshi.

6.2 Bayanin Yanayin Reflow Solder

An ƙayyade bayanin reflow maras gubar:

• Pre-heating:150-200°C na dakika 60-120.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus (217°C):Dakika 60-150.
• Matsakaicin Zazzabi:260°C matsakaici, an riƙe shi ba fiye da dakika 10 ba.
• Ƙimar Hawa:Matsakaicin 6°C/daƙiƙa.
• Ƙimar Sauƙi:Matsakaicin 3°C/daƙiƙa.

6.3 Solder da Hannu da Gyara

Idan solder da hannu ya zama dole, dole ne zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe ya kasance ƙasa da 350°C, ana amfani da shi ba fiye da dakika 3 kowace tasha ba. Ana ba da shawarar ƙarfe mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki (≤25W). Dole ne a ba da tazarar sanyaya aƙalla dakika 2 tsakanin solder kowace tasha. Ana ƙin gyara sosai, amma idan ba za a iya mantawa da shi ba, yakamata a yi amfani da ƙarfe na solder na musamman mai kai biyu don dumama tashoshi biyu lokaci guda kuma a guji damuwa na injiniya akan haɗin gwiwar solder.

7. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tattarawa

Ana ba da LED a cikin daidaitaccen tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya mai faɗi 8mm, wanda aka nannade akan reel mai diamita 7-inch. Kowace reel tana ɗauke da guda 3000. Ana ba da girman reel, tef, da murfin tef a cikin takardun bayanai don tabbatar da dacewa da kayan haɗawa ta atomatik.

7.2 Bayanin Label

Label ɗin reel yana ɗauke da mahimman filaye da yawa:

• P/N:Lambar Samfur (misali, 19-217/R6C-P1Q2/3T).
• QTY:Adadin Tattarawa (3000 pcs).
• CAT:Matsayin Ƙarfin Hasken (misali, Q2).
• HUE:Haɗin Haɗin Launi & Matsayin Tsawon Tsawon.
• REF:Matsayin Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba.
• LOT No:Lambar Rukunin Masana'antu don bin diddigin.

8. Shawarwarin Ƙira na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Da'irorin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Mafi yawan hanyar tuƙi ita ce resistor mai sauƙi a jere. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor (R) ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vsupply - VF) / IF. Misali, tare da wadata na 5V, VF na al'ada na 2.0V, da IF da ake so na 20mA: R = (5V - 2.0V) / 0.020A = 150 Ω. Matsayin wutar lantarki na resistor ya kamata ya kasance aƙalla (Vsupply - VF) * IF = 0.06W; resistor 1/8W ko 1/10W ya isa. Wannan resistorwajibi nedon hana wuce gona da iri, saboda halayen IV na LED yana nufin ƙaramin ƙaruwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana haifar da babban hawan wutar lantarki wanda zai iya lalata na'urar nan take.

8.2 Abubuwan Da Ake Bukatar Yi La'akari Da Su A Ƙira

• Tuƙin Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki:Koyaushe ku tuƙa tare da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na yau da kullun ko tushen wutar lantarki tare da resistor a jere. Kada ku haɗa kai tsaye zuwa tushen wutar lantarki.
• Gudanar da Zafin Jiki:Yayin da fakitin yake ƙanana, tabbatar da isasshen yankin tagulla na PCB a kusa da filayen zafi (idan akwai) ko iskar allon gabaɗaya yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye ƙananan zafin haɗin gwiwa, kiyaye fitowar haske da tsawon rai.
• Kariyar ESD:Aiwatar da kariyar ESD akan layukan shigarwa idan LED yana cikin wurin da mai amfani zai iya isa, kuma ku bi hanyoyin sarrafa ESD mai aminci yayin haɗawa.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Bambance-bambancen farko na 19-217 yana cikin haɗin kai na kusurwar dubawa mai faɗi sosai na digiri 120 da takamaiman maki launin ja mai haske (λd ~624nm) daga tsarin kayan AlGaInP. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi ko LED masu ƙunƙuntaccen kusurwa, yana ba da ganuwa mafi daidaita daga axis, wanda ke da fa'ida ga alamomin panel da hasken baya inda mai kallo bazai kasance a gaban na'urar kai tsaye ba. Bin sa da ƙa'idodin muhalli na zamani (RoHS, Marasa Halogen) shima muhimmin buƙatu ne ga yawancin masana'antar lantarki na zamani.

10. Tambayoyin Da Ake Yawan Yi (FAQ)

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a 30mA don ƙarin haske?

A: A'a. Madaidaicin Iyaka na Gabaɗaya don ci gaba da ƙarfin wutar lantarki shine 25mA. Wuce wannan ƙimar yana haɗarin dumama da gazawa da wuri. Don mafi girman haske, zaɓi LED daga bin mafi girman ƙarfin haske (misali, Q2) ko wani samfuri wanda aka ƙidaya don mafi girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki.

Q: Takardun bayanai tana nuna VF na al'ada na 2.0V, amma da'irata tana auna 2.2V. Shin wannan al'ada ce?

A: Ee. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba yana da ƙayyadadden kewayon daga 1.7V zuwa 2.4V. Ƙimar 2.2V tana cikin iyakar matsakaici kuma al'ada ce saboda bambance-bambancen masana'antu. Lissafin resistor ɗinka mai iyakancewa ya kamata ya yi amfani da matsakaicin VF (2.4V) don tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin wutar lantarki bai taɓa wuce 25mA ba a cikin mafi munin yanayi.

Q: Shin ina buƙatar gasa LED idan an buɗe jakar na mako guda?

A: Ya dogara da yanayin ajiya. Idan an adana su a cikin yanayin sarrafawa wanda ya dace da yanayin rayuwar bene (≤30°C, ≤60% RH), gasa bazai zama dole ba. Duk da haka, idan yanayin ajiya ba a sani ba ko kuma yana da ɗanɗano, yin gasa da aka ba da shawarar (60°C na awanni 24) aikin aminci ne don hana lahani na solder.

11. Misalin Ƙira da Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi: Ƙirar allon nuna matsayi tare da LED ja da yawa.

Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙirar allon sarrafawa wanda ke buƙatar alamomin matsayi ja guda 10 masu daidaito. Sun zaɓi LED 19-217/Q2 bin don daidaitaccen haske. Allon yana amfani da layin dogo na 3.3V. Ta amfani da matsakaicin VF na 2.4V don tabbatar da aiki lafiya a ƙarƙashin duk yanayi, sun ƙididdige resistor na jere: R = (3.3V - 2.4V) / 0.020A = 45 Ω. Mafi kusancin ƙimar daidaitaccen shine 47 Ω. Haƙiƙanin ƙarfin wutar lantarki tare da VF na al'ada na 2.0V zai kasance ~27.7mA, wanda ya ɗan wuce matsakaicin matsakaicin gabaɗaya. Don haka, don kasancewa cikin iyakar 25mA a ƙarƙashin duk yanayi, yakamata su yi amfani da mafi girma resistor. Ƙididdiga sake lissafin tare da manufa na 20mA a max VF: R = (3.3V - 2.4V) / 0.020A = 45 Ω. A VF na al'ada (2.0V), ƙarfin wutar lantarki zai kasance (3.3V-2.0V)/47Ω = 27.7mA, wanda ya yi yawa. Mafi kyawun hanya shine ƙira don yanayin al'ada amma a tabbatar da matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki: Zaɓi R = (3.3V - 2.0V) / 0.020A = 65 Ω (amfani da 68 Ω). Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki a VF_min (1.7V) = (3.3V-1.7V)/68Ω = 23.5mA (lafiya). Wannan yanayin yana nuna mahimmancin la'akari da cikakken kewayon VF a cikin lissafin resistor.

12. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Aiki

Diodes masu fitar da haske (LEDs) na'urori ne na semiconductor waɗanda ke fitar da haske ta hanyar electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki a kan haɗin gwiwar p-n, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji (electrons da ramuka) suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi. A cikin LED na AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide) kamar 19-217, wannan makamashi ana fitar da shi da farko azaman photons (haske) a cikin ɓangaren ja na bakan gani. Takamaiman tsawon tsawon (kololuwa a 632nm, rinjaye a 624nm) an ƙaddara su ta hanyar daidaitaccen ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor, wanda aka ƙera yayin tsarin girma na crystal. An cimma faɗin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 120 ta hanyar siffar da kayan lemsan epoxy wanda ke ɗauke da guntu na semiconductor.

13. Trends da Ci Gaban Fasaha

Trend a cikin LED masu nuna alama na SMD yana ci gaba zuwa mafi inganci, ƙananan girman fakitin, da ingantaccen aminci. Yayin da 19-217 ke amfani da ingantaccen fasahar AlGaInP don ja, sabbin kayan aiki da ƙirar guntu na iya ba da mafi girman inganci na haske (ƙarin fitowar haske a kowace wutar lantarki). Har ila yau, ana ƙara mai da hankali kan ƙuntataccen juzu'i na binning don duka launi da ƙarfi don biyan buƙatun aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaito mai girma, kamar nunin cikakken launi da tarin hasken mota. Bugu da ƙari, yunƙurin ƙananan ƙira yana ci gaba, yana tura fakitin ƙanana fiye da daidaitaccen sawun 2.0mm x 1.25mm. Ƙa'idodin bin muhalli (Marasa Halogen, REACH) waɗanda aka haskaka a cikin wannan takardun bayanai yanzu buƙatun tushe ne ga kusan duk abubuwan haɗin lantarki da ake sayar da su a duniya.