Takardar Fasaha ta SMD LED 15-215/G7C-BN1P2B/2T - Kore Mai Haske - 20mA - 2.35V Matsakaici

1. Bayanin Samfur

15-215/G7C-BN1P2B/2T na'urar LED ce da ake hawa a saman (SMD) ta amfani da guntu na semiconductor AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide) don fitar da hasken Kore Mai Haske. Wannan LED tana da alaƙa da ƙaramin girmanta, wanda ke sauƙaƙe ƙirar allon da'ira (PCB) mafi ƙanƙanta, mafi girman yawan abubuwan haɗawa, kuma a ƙarshe yana ba da damar haɓaka ƙananan kayan lantarki. Ƙirar sa mai sauƙi yana ƙara dacewa da aikace-aikacen da sarari da nauyi suke da matuƙar mahimmanci.

An yi fakitin na'urar a kan tef ɗin milimita 8 da aka nannade akan reel mai diamita inci 7, wanda ya sa ya dace daidai da daidaitattun kayan aikin haɗawa ta atomatik. An ƙera shi don amfani da hanyoyin ginin reflow na infrared da tururi. Samfurin ya bi ka'idojin muhalli da aminci, ba shi da gubar (Pb-free), ya bi umarnin EU RoHS, ƙa'idodin EU REACH, kuma ya cika ma'aunin maras halogen (Bromine <900 ppm, Chlorine <900 ppm, Br+Cl < 1500 ppm).

2. Zurfin Binciken Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Cikakkun Ƙididdiga na Matsakaici

Cikakkun ƙididdiga na matsakaici suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. An ƙayyade waɗannan ƙididdiga a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) shine 5V. Matsakaicin ci gaba na gaba na yanzu (IF) shine 25 mA. Don aikin bugun jini, matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba na gaba (IFP) na 60 mA yana yiwuwa a ƙarƙashin zagayowar aiki na 1/10 a 1 kHz. Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki (Pd) shine 60 mW. Na'urar na iya jure fitar da tashin wutar lantarki (ESD) na 2000V bisa Tsarin Jikin Mutum (HBM). Kewayon zafin aiki (Topr) daga -40°C zuwa +85°C ne, yayin da kewayon zafin ajiya (Tstg) daga -40°C zuwa +90°C. Don gini, zai iya jure ginin reflow a 260°C na dakika 10 ko ginin hannu a 350°C na matsakaicin dakika 3.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

An ayyana ainihin aikin a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ta=25°C, IF=20mA). Ƙarfin haske (Iv) yana da kewayon na yau da kullun. Na'urar tana da faɗin kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) na kusan digiri 140. Tsawon tsinkaya mafi girma (λp) yana kusa da 575 nm, tare da tsawon tsinkaya mai rinjaye (λd) daga 567.5 nm zuwa 575.5 nm. Faɗin bandejin bakan (Δλ) yawanci 20 nm ne. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) yana tsakanin 1.75V zuwa 2.35V. Ƙarfin lantarki na baya (IR) matsakaicin 10 μA ne lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba a ƙera na'urar don aiki a ƙarƙashin ƙarfin lantarki na baya ba; ƙimar VR kawai don gwada sigar IR ce.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa kwandon bin bisa mahimman sigogi. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman ma'auni na aiki don aikace-aikacensu.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Haske

An rarraba ƙarfin haske zuwa kwandon bin huɗu (N1, N2, P1, P2) da aka auna a IF=20mA. Kwandon bin suna ayyana ƙananan da matsakaicin ƙima don tabbatar da takamaiman matakin haske. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da ƙarin ƙimar ±11% akan ƙarfin haske a cikin kwandon bin.

3.2 Rarrabuwar Tsawon Tsinkaya Mai Rinjaye

Launi, wanda aka ayyana ta tsawon tsinkaya mai rinjaye, an rarraba shi zuwa kwandon bin huɗu (C15, C16, C17, C18), kowanne yana ɗauke da kewayon 2 nm daga 567.5 nm zuwa 575.5 nm. Ƙimar ±1 nm ta shafi tsawon tsinkaya mai rinjaye a cikin kwandon bin.

3.3 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba

An haɗa ƙarfin lantarki na gaba zuwa kwandon bin uku (0, 1, 2), kowanne yana da kewayon 0.2V daga 1.75V zuwa 2.35V. Ƙimar ±0.1V ta shafi ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a cikin kwandon bin. Wannan rarrabuwar yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irori masu tafiyar da wutar lantarki iri ɗaya, musamman lokacin da aka haɗa LED ɗin da yawa a layi daya.

4. Binciken Lanƙwan Ayyuka

Takardar bayanan tana ba da lanƙwai masu yawa waɗanda ke nuna halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. LanƙwanƘarfin Haske Dangane da Ƙarfin Gabayana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da wutar lantarki, yawanci a cikin yanayin ƙasa da layi a manyan wutar lantarki saboda dumama da raguwar inganci. LanƙwanRage Ƙarfin Gaba na Gabayana da mahimmanci don sarrafa zafi; yana nuna cewa dole ne a rage matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba na gaba yayin da zafin muhalli ya ƙaru sama da 25°C don hana wuce matsakaicin zafin haɗuwa da iyakokin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki. LanƙwanRarraba Bakanyana nuna ƙarfin haske dangane da tsawon tsinkaya, a tsakiya kusa da 575 nm tare da halayen faɗin bandejin 20 nm. LanƙwanƘarfin Gaba Dangane da Ƙarfin Gaba (Lanƙwan I-V)yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni ta diode; ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki yana haifar da babban ƙaruwa a cikin wutar lantarki, yana jaddada wajibcin da'irar iyakance wutar lantarki. LanƙwanZanen Radiation(polar plot) yana wakiltar rarraba sararin samaniya na ƙarfin haske, yana tabbatar da kusurwar kallo na digiri 140.

5. Bayanan Injiniya da Fakitin

Zanen fakitin yana ba da mahimman ma'auni don ƙirar sawun PCB. Muhimman ma'auni sun haɗa da tsayin duka da faɗi, girman da matsayi na gindin gini, da tsayin abu. Ƙimar ƙima yawanci ±0.1mm ne sai dai idan an ƙayyade wani abu. An nuna polarity akan na'urar da kanta, wanda dole ne a daidaita shi daidai da alamar polarity akan sawun PCB don tabbatar da aikin da ya dace.

6. Jagororin Gini da Haɗawa

Kulawa da gini daidai suna da mahimmanci don amincin aiki. Ana ba da na'urar a cikin marufi mai hankali ga danshi. Kada a buɗe jakar har sai an shirya abubuwan don amfani. Da zarar an buɗe, yakamata a adana LED ɗin a ≤30°C da ≤60% danshin muhalli kuma a yi amfani da su cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7). Idan wannan lokacin ya wuce ko mai nuna danshi ya nuna jikewa, ana buƙatar maganin gasa a 60±5°C na awanni 24 kafin amfani.

Don ginin reflow maras gubar, dole ne a bi takamaiman bayanin zafin jiki: dumama tsakanin 150-200°C na dakika 60-120, lokacin sama da ruwa (217°C) na dakika 60-150, matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba wanda aka riƙe na matsakaicin dakika 10, da ƙayyadaddun ƙimar sanyaya. Kada a yi ginin reflow fiye da sau biyu. Yayin ginin hannu, dole ne zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe ya kasance ƙasa da 350°C, lokacin tuntuɓar kowane tasha bai kamata ya wuce dakika 3 ba, kuma ya kamata a bar tazara mai dacewa tsakanin ginin kowane tasha. Ba a ƙarfafa gyara bayan ginin farko, amma idan ba za a iya kaucewa ba, yakamata a yi amfani da ƙarfe na gini mai kai biyu na musamman don dumama tashoshi biyu lokaci guda kuma a guji matsin injiniya.

7. Bayanan Marufi da Oda

Ana isar da LED ɗin a cikin tsarin marufi mai hana danshi. An loda su cikin tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya, wanda aka nannade shi akan reel inci 7. Kowace reel tana ɗauke da guda 2000. Reel ɗin, tare da mai bushewa, an rufe shi a cikin jakar aluminum mai hana danshi. Alamar jakar tana ɗauke da mahimman bayanai don gano asali da ganewa, gami da lambar samfur, adadi, da takamaiman lambobin kwandon bin don ƙarfin haske (CAT), tsawon tsinkaya mai rinjaye (HUE), da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (REF).

8. Shawarorin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Launin Kore Mai Haske da tsarin SMD sun sa wannan LED ta dace da ayyuka daban-daban na nuni da hasken baya. Manyan aikace-aikacen sun haɗa da hasken baya don dashbodi na kayan aiki da maɓallan membrane, alamomin yanayi da hasken baya na maɓalli a cikin na'urorin sadarwa kamar wayoyi da na'urorin faks, da hasken baya mai lebur don ƙananan allon LCD, maɓalli, da alamomi. Yanayin sa na gabaɗaya kuma yana ba da damar amfani a cikin kayan lantarki na masu amfani, sarrafa masana'antu, da na'urorin ɗaukuwa.

8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

Tukin Wutar Lantarki:Resistan mai iyakance wutar lantarki na waje yana wajibi ne. Halayen I-V na ma'auni yana nufin ko da ƙaramin bambanci a cikin wutar lantarki na wadata zai iya haifar da babban canji, mai yuwuwar lalacewa, a cikin wutar lantarki na gaba. Dole ne a ƙididdige ƙimar resistor bisa ga wutar lantarki na wadata, ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED (la'akari da kwandon bin da ƙima), da wutar lantarki na aiki da ake so (ba ya wuce 25 mA ci gaba).
Gudanar da Zafi:Duk da cewa ɓarnawar wutar lantarki ƙanƙanta ce, shimfidar PCB daidai yana da mahimmanci. Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla a kusa da gindin gini don zama mai sanyaya zafi, musamman idan ana aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma ko kusa da matsakaicin wutar lantarki. Ku bi lanƙwan rage ƙarfin wutar lantarki.
Kariya ta ESD:Ko da yake an ƙididdige shi don 2000V HBM, yakamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD na yau da kullun yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambanci

Idan aka kwatanta da tsoffin LED ɗin da ke da gubar, wannan nau'in SMD yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci a cikin girma, nauyi, da dacewa don haɗawa ta atomatik, wanda ke haifar da ƙananan farashin ƙira gabaɗaya. A cikin yanayin SMD LED, amfani da kayan AlGaInP don fitar da kore-yellow yawanci yana ba da ingantaccen ingancin haske da ingantaccen jikewa fiye da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaP. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 140 shine babban siffa don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar faɗin gani, sabanin LED ɗin da ke da ƙunƙuntacciyar kusurwa da ake amfani da su don haske mai da hankali. Yarda da daidaitattun ka'idojin muhalli na zamani (RoHS, Halogen-Free) shine buƙatu na tushe don yawancin samfuran lantarki na zamani.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Wane ƙimar resistor yakamata in yi amfani da shi tare da wutar lantarki 5V?
A: Dole ne ku yi amfani da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba daga kwandon bin (misali, 2.35V daga Bin 2) da wutar lantarki da ake so (misali, 20mA). Yin amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vsupply - Vf) / If = (5V - 2.35V) / 0.020A = 132.5 Ohms. Resistan daidaitaccen 130 ko 150 Ohm zai dace, yana tabbatar da cewa wutar lantarki ba ta wuce 25 mA ko da a mafi ƙarancin Vf.

Q: Shin zan iya tuka wannan LED ba tare da resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki ta amfani da tushen ƙarfin lantarki akai-akai?
A: A'a. Wannan kusan tabbas zai lalata LED saboda wutar lantarki mara sarrafawa sakamakon halayen I-V na ma'auni na diode.

Q: Ta yaya zafin jiki ke shafar haske?
A: Ƙarfin haske yawanci yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗuwa ya ƙaru. Lanƙwan rage ƙarfin wutar lantarki a kaikaice yana nuna haka ta hanyar buƙatar ƙananan wutar lantarki a yanayin zafi mai girma don hana dumama, wanda zai ƙara rage inganci da tsawon rai.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsawon tsinkaya mafi girma da tsawon tsinkaya mai rinjaye?
A: Tsawon tsinkaya mafi girma (λp) shine tsawon tsinkaya inda rarraba ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma. Tsawon tsinkaya mai rinjaye (λd) shine tsawon tsinkaya guda ɗaya na haske mai launi ɗaya wanda ya dace da launin da ake gani na LED. Don mai fitarwa mai ƙunƙuntaccen bandeji kamar wannan, sau da yawa suna kusa, amma λd ya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi.

11. Misalin Ƙira da Amfani na Aiki

Harka: Ƙirar allon nuna matsayi na LED da yawa.Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙirar allon sarrafawa tare da alamomin matsayi na kore-yellow 10. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske, yakamata su ƙayyade LED ɗin daga kwandon bin ƙarfin haske ɗaya (misali, duk P1). Don tabbatar da daidaiton bayyanar launi, yakamata su ƙayyade LED ɗin daga kwandon bin tsawon tsinkaya mai rinjaye ɗaya (misali, duk C17). Don sauƙaƙe da'irar tukin wutar lantarki da tabbatar da rarraba wutar lantarki daidai idan an sanya LED ɗin a layi daya, ana ba da shawarar ƙayyade LED ɗin daga kwandon bin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba ɗaya (misali, duk 1). Da'irar tukin wutar lantarki za ta ƙunshi mai daidaita wutar lantarki (misali, 5V) da resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki guda ɗaya don kowane LED (ko na'urar tukin LED na musamman don ingantaccen sarrafawa da ikon dushewa). Shimfidar PCB za ta haɗa LED ɗin tare amma ta ba da isasshen zubar da tagulla don ɓarkewar zafi, musamman idan za a haskaka su lokaci guda na tsawon lokaci.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'ida

Wannan LED tana aiki bisa ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin haɗuwar p-n semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, electrons daga yankin AlGaInP na n-type ana shigar da su a cikin haɗuwa zuwa yankin p-type, kuma ramuka ana shigar da su a cikin sabanin hanya. Waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yankin aiki kusa da haɗuwa. A cikin semiconductor mai tsayin bandeji kai tsaye kamar AlGaInP, wannan sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke ciki na atom ɗin Aluminum, Gallium, Indium, da Phosphide yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandeji, wanda kai tsaye yana ƙayyade tsawon tsinkaya (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, Kore Mai Haske (~575 nm). Resin ɗin epoxy encapsulant yana aiki don kare guntu na semiconductor, siffar fitar da haske (ƙirƙirar kusurwar kallo na digiri 140), da samar da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya.

13. Trends na Ci Gaba

Gabaɗayan yanayin a cikin SMD LED kamar wannan yana ci gaba zuwa mafi girman ingancin haske (ƙarin fitar da haske a kowace watt na lantarki), ingantaccen daidaiton launi da ƙunƙuntaccen ƙimar rarrabuwa, da ingantaccen amincin aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsanani. Marufi yana haɓakawa don ba da damar ƙananan sawu da ƙananan bayani yayin riƙe ko inganta aikin zafi. Hakanan akwai ƙaƙƙarfan motsi zuwa cikakkiyar daidaitawar bakan da LED masu hankali, masu adireshi waɗanda aka haɗa su tare da da'irar sarrafawa. Kimiyyar kayan tushe don LED ɗin AlGaInP ta balaga, amma bincike mai gudana yana mai da hankali kan inganta inganci a manyan yawan wutar lantarki da inganta tsawon rai. Ƙarfafa yarda da muhalli (maras halogen, RoHS) yanzu ma'auni ne kuma zai ci gaba da zama buƙatu na tushe ga duk abubuwan lantarki.