Bayanin Fasaha na LED na SMD 19-226/R6BHC-B01/2T - Girman Kunshin 2.0x1.25x0.8mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 2.0V/3.3V - Launuka Daban-daban - Bayanin Fasaha na Turanci

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

19-226 ƙaramin na'urar LED ne da ake saka a saman (SMD) wanda aka ƙera don haɗaɗɗun kayan lantarki masu yawa. Babban fa'idarsa shine ƙarancin sararin da yake ɗauka idan aka kwatanta da LED na gargajiya, wanda ke ba da damar ƙirar allon lantarki (PCB) mafi ƙanƙanta, haɓaka yawan abubuwan da ake haɗawa, kuma a ƙarshe samfurori mafi ƙanƙanta ga masu amfani. Ginin sa mai sauƙi ya sa ya zama mafi dacewa don ƙananan aikace-aikace da na ɗaukuwa.

Ana ba da wannan LED a cikin tsari mai launuka daban-daban, musamman haɗa haske ja mai haske (ta amfani da guntu na R6 AlGaInP) da shuɗi (ta amfani da guntu na BH InGaN) a cikin guntu ɗaya na resin mai tsabta. Ya cika ka'idojin muhalli da tsaro na zamani, ba shi da gubar, ya bi ka'idojin RoHS, ya bi ka'idojin EU REACH, kuma ba shi da halogen (tare da Bromine <900 ppm, Chlorine <900 ppm, Br+Cl < 1500 ppm). Ana ba da na'urar a kan tef ɗin da aka ɗora akan reels masu diamita 7-inch, wanda ya sa ya dace da kayan haɗawa ta atomatik da kuma tsarin siyar da gishiri na infrared ko tururi.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Manufa

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba.

• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya (V_R):Matsakaicin 5V ga duka nau'ikan guntu. Wuce wannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin karkatar da baya na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Halin Gaba (I_F):Iyakar DC mai ci gaba shine 25 mA don guntu na R6 (Ja) kuma 20 mA don guntu na BH (Shuɗi). Wannan ma'auni ne mai mahimmanci don tantance ƙimar resistor na jerin a cikin da'irar tuƙi.
• Kololuwar Halin Gaba (I_FP):Don aikin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki @ 1 kHz), guntu na R6 zai iya ɗaukar har zuwa 60 mA, kuma guntu na BH har zuwa 40 mA. Wannan yana ba da damar ɗan gajeren lokaci na tuƙi don ƙarin haske a cikin aikace-aikacen da yawa.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d):Matsakaicin ƙarfin da aka yarda shine 60 mW don R6 da 75 mW don BH. Ana ƙididdige wannan kamar I_F* V_Fkuma yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa zafi.
• Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD):Matsakaicin ƙimar Mutum (HBM) shine 2000V don guntu na R6 amma kawai 150V don mafi hankali BH (InGaN) guntu. Wannan yana jaddada wajabcin tsarin kariya na ESD yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa na LED shuɗi.
• Yanayin Zafin Jiki:Yanayin aiki (T_opr) shine -40°C zuwa +85°C. Yanayin ajiya (T_stg) shine -40°C zuwa +90°C.
• Zafin Solder:Don siyar da gishiri, an ƙayyade matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na dakika 10. Don siyar da hannu, dole ne zafin ƙarshen gwangwani ya wuce 350°C, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar kowane tasha dole ne ya iyakance zuwa dakika 3.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a zafin haɗin gwiwa (T_j) na 25°C kuma suna ayyana aikin na'urar na yau da kullun.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_v):A I_F= 20mA, LED ja na R6 yana da ƙarfin haske na yau da kullun na 100 mcd (madaidaicin 72 mcd). LED shuɗi na BH yana da ƙarfin haske na yau da kullun na 80 mcd (madaidaicin 45 mcd). Ana amfani da ƙimar ±11%.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Kusurwar rabin ƙarfi ita ce yawanci digiri 120, yana ba da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi, mai yaduwa wanda ya dace da hasken baya da aikace-aikacen nuna alama.
• Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon:Guntu na R6 yana da matsakaicin tsayin tsayin tsayi (λ_p) na 632 nm da tsayin tsayin tsayi (λ_d) na 624 nm, yana sanya shi a cikin yankin ja mai haske. Guntu na BH yana da λ_pna 468 nm da λ_dna 470 nm, sifa ce ta fitar shuɗi na sarauta.
• Faɗin Bakan (Δλ):Cikakken faɗin bakan a rabin matsakaici (FWHM) shine 20 nm don R6 da 35 nm don BH.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):A I_F= 20mA, V_Fdon R6 yawanci 2.0V (kewayon 1.7V zuwa 2.4V). Don BH, V_Fyawanci 3.3V (kewayon 2.7V zuwa 3.7V). Wannan bambancin ƙarfin lantarki yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira lokacin tuƙi duka launuka, sau da yawa yana buƙatar keɓancewar masu iyakancewar halin yanzu ko direbobi.
• Halin Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin I_Rshine 10 µA @ 5V don R6 da 50 µA @ 5V don BH. Bayanin kayan aiki ya bayyana cewa ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin baya ba; wannan ma'auni ne kawai don yanayin gwaji.

3. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

3.1 Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken Dangane da Halin Gaba

Lanƙwasan sun nuna cewa ƙarfin haske yana ƙaruwa tare da halin gaba amma a cikin alaƙar da ba ta layi ba. Ga duka guntu na R6 da BH, ƙarfin yana tashi sosai a ƙananan halin yanzu kuma yana karkata zuwa jikewa a manyan halin yanzu. Yin aiki sosai sama da matsakaicin maki 20mA yana haifar da raguwar dawowa a cikin fitar haske yayin haɓaka samar da zafi da yuwuwar haɓakar raguwar lumen.

3.2 Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken Dangane da Yanayin Yanayi

Wannan alaƙa ce mai mahimmanci don dogaro. Ƙarfin haske yana raguwa yayin da yanayin yanayi ke ƙaruwa. Lanƙwasa raguwa yana nuna cewa a matsakaicin yanayin aiki na +85°C, fitarwa ya ragu sosai idan aka kwatanta da ƙimar 25°C. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da wannan raguwar zafin jiki a cikin aikace-aikacen da ake tsammanin manyan yanayin zafi don tabbatar da isasshen haske a ƙarƙashin duk yanayi.

3.3 Lanƙwasa Rage Halin Gaba

Wannan lanƙwasa yana ba da umarnin matsakaicin halin gaba mai ci gaba da aka yarda a matsayin aikin yanayin yanayi. Don hana wuce matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa da iyakokin ɓarnar wutar lantarki, dole ne a rage halin gaba lokacin aiki a cikin yanayin zafi. Misali, a yanayin zafi na 85°C, halin yanzu mai ci gaba da aka yarda ya fi ƙasa sosai fiye da matsakaicin ƙimar 25°C.

3.4 Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba Dangane da Halin Gaba

Lanƙwasa V-I yana nuna halayen diode. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba yana ƙaruwa da logarithmic tare da halin yanzu. Ƙimar da aka bayar a cikin tebur (2.0V don R6, 3.3V don BH a 20mA) sune mafi dacewa don ƙididdigar ƙirar da'ira.

3.5 Rarraba Bakan

Jadawalin bakan yana nuna bayanan fitarwa. LED ja na R6 yana da ƙunƙuntaccen kololuwa mai kyau a kusa da 632 nm. LED shuɗi na BH yana da faɗin kololuwa mai faɗi a tsakiya a kusa da 468-470 nm. Waɗannan bakan suna da mahimmanci don aikace-aikacen masu hankali launi.

3.6 Zanen Radiation

Zanen polar yana tabbatar da tsarin fitarwa kusa da Lambertian (cosine) tare da kusurwar dubawa digiri 120, yana nuna daidaitaccen rarraba haske mai faɗi.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

4.1 Girman Kunshi

Kunshin SMD yana da girman girman 2.0mm (L) x 1.25mm (W) x 0.8mm (H). Ƙimar da ba a bayyana ba shine ±0.1mm. Zanen ya ƙididdige alamar gano cathode, shimfidar gidan gishiri da aka ba da shawarar (1.4mm x 1.15mm tare da tazarar 0.7mm), da kuma jigon kayan. Bin shimfidar ƙasa da aka ba da shawarar yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen siyar da gishiri da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya.

4.2 Gano Polarity

Kunshin yana da alamar gani (yawanci tsaga ko alama kore akan tef) don gano cathode. Daidaitaccen jagorar polarity yayin haɗawa wajibi ne don na'urar yin aiki.

5. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

5.1 Bayanin Siffar Solder Reflow

Bayanin kayan aiki ya ƙayyade siffar reflow mara gubar tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na dakika 10. Bayanin ya kamata ya haɗa da yankuna masu dumama, jika, reflow, da sanyaya don rage girgizar zafi. Kada a yi siyar da reflow fiye da sau biyu don hana matsanancin damuwa na zafi akan kunshin LED da igiyoyin haɗin gwiwa.

5.2 Solder Hannu

Idan siyar da hannu ba zai yuwu ba, dole ne a yi taka tsantsan. Dole ne zafin ƙarshen gwangwani ya kasance ƙasa da 350°C, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar kowane tasha bai wuce dakika 3 ba. Ana ba da shawarar gwangwani mai ƙaramin ƙarfi (<25W). Ya kamata a bar tazarar dakika biyu tsakanin siyar da kowane tasha. Bayanin kayan aiki ya yi gargadin cewa lalacewa sau da yawa yana faruwa yayin siyar da hannu.

5.3 Ajiya da Hankalin Danshi

Ana tattara LED a cikin jakar shinge mai hana danshi tare da busassun abu. Kada a buɗe jakar har sai an shirya abubuwan don amfani. Bayan buɗewa, LED da ba a yi amfani da su ba ya kamata a adana su a ≤30°C da ≤60% Danshi Dangane. "Rayuwar bene" bayan buɗe jakar shine sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7). Idan wannan lokacin ya wuce ko kuma alamar busassun abu ta canza launi, ana buƙatar maganin gasa a 60°C ±5°C na awanni 24 kafin reflow don hana "popcorning" (fashewar kunshi saboda matsa lamba tururi).

5.4 Tsare-tsare don Amfani

• Kariya fiye da Halin Yanzu:Resistor mai iyakancewar waje wajibi ne. LED na'urori ne masu tuƙi na halin yanzu; ƙaramin canji a cikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba zai iya haifar da babban canji a cikin halin yanzu, yana haifar da gazawar nan take.
• Kaucewa Damuwa:Kada ku yi amfani da damuwa na injiniya ga jikin LED yayin dumama (solder) ko ta hanyar karkatar da PCB bayan haɗawa.
• Gyara:An ƙarfafa hana gyara bayan siyar da gishiri. Idan ya zama dole sosai, dole ne a yi amfani da gwangwani mai kai biyu don dumama tashoshi biyu tare da ɗaga kayan ba tare da karkatarwa ba. Dole ne a tantance tasirin akan halayen LED a baya.

6. Bayanin Kunshi da Oda

6.1 Bayanan Tef da Reel

Ana ba da abubuwan a cikin tef ɗin mai ɗaukar hoto tare da girma: filin aljihu 8mm, faɗin tef 12mm. Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da guda 2000. Girman reel shine: diamita 7-inch, diamita 13mm, da faɗin reel 50mm.

6.2 Bayanin Alamar

Alamar marufi ta haɗa da lambobi da yawa: Lambar Samfurin Abokin Ciniki (CPN), Lambar Samfurin (P/N), Yawan Tattarawa (QTY), Matsayin Ƙarfin Hasken (CAT), Matsayin Launi/Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (HUE), Matsayin Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (REF), da Lambar Lot (LOT No). Wannan bayanin rumbun yana ba da damar zaɓar LED tare da ƙarin ƙa'idodin aiki idan aikace-aikacen ya buƙata.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

• Hasken Baya:Mafi dacewa don hasken baya na dashbodi, maɓalli, maɓallan maɓalli, da alamomi saboda faɗin kusurwar dubawa da ƙaramin girman sa.
• Kayan Aikin Sadarwa:Alamomin matsayi da hasken baya don wayoyi, na'urorin faks, da kayan aikin sadarwa.
• Hasken Baya na LCD:Ana iya amfani da su a cikin jeri don samar da hasken gefe don ƙananan allon LCD.
• Amfani na Gabaɗaya na Nuna Alama:Fitilun matsayi, alamomin wutar lantarki, da hasken ado a cikin kayan lantarki na mabukaci, kayan aiki, da sarrafa masana'antu.

7.2 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da ƙira

• Da'irar Tuƙi:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jerin. Ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (V_supply- V_F) / I_F. Yi amfani da ƙididdiga daban-daban don LED ja da shuɗi saboda bambancin V_F.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Tabbatar cewa PCB tana da isasshen taimakon zafi, musamman idan ana tuƙi LED kusa da matsakaicin ƙimar halin yanzu ko a cikin manyan yanayin zafi. Guji sanya abubuwan da ke haifar da zafi a kusa.
• Kariyar ESD:Aiwatar da kariyar ESD akan layukan shigarwa kuma tabbatar da yanayin aiki mai tushe yayin sarrafawa, musamman don mahimmin guntu shuɗi (BH).
• Ƙirar Gani:Ruwan tabarau mai tsabta yana ba da faɗin kusurwar dubawa. Don ƙarin haske da aka jagoranta, ƙila tabarau na waje ko jagororin haske su zama dole.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban abin da ya bambanta 19-226 a cikin ajinsa shineiyawar launuka daban-daban a cikin kunshi ɗayada kumacikakken bin ka'idojin muhalli(Ba tare da gubar ba, Ba tare da Halogen ba, RoHS, REACH). Haɗin guntu ja mai inganci na AlGaInP da daidaitaccen guntu shuɗi na InGaN a cikin ƙaramin kunshin SMD ɗaya yana ba da sassauƙa don ƙira don alamomin launi biyu ba tare da haɓaka girman allon ba. Dacewarsa da saka ta atomatik da tsarin reflow na yau da kullun ya yi daidai da buƙatun ƙirar zamani, masu yawan gaske, yana ba da mafita mai tsada don kayan lantarki masu yawa.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q1: Shin zan iya tuƙi LED ja da shuɗi daga wutar lantarki ɗaya da resistor?

A: Ba mafi kyau ba. Saboda babban bambanci a cikin matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (2.0V vs. 3.3V), yin amfani da resistor na gama gari zai haifar da halin yanzu daban-daban ta kowace LED, yana haifar da ɗaya ya zama duhu ɗaya kuma ɗayan yana iya yin tuƙi fiye da kima. Ana ba da shawarar keɓance da'irori masu iyakancewar halin yanzu.

Q2: Me ya sa ƙimar ESD don LED shuɗi ta yi ƙasa sosai fiye da ja?

A: LED shuɗi na BH yana amfani da kayan semiconductor na InGaN, wanda gabaɗaya yana da mafi hankali haɗin gwiwa da sirara masu aiki idan aka kwatanta da kayan AlGaInP na LED ja na R6, yana sa ya fi saukin lalacewa ta hanyar zubar da wutar lantarki.

Q3: Me zai faru idan na wuce "rayuwar bene" na kwanaki 7 bayan buɗe jakar shinge na danshi?

A: Kunshin LED na iya ɗaukar danshi daga iska. A lokacin reflow na gaba, wannan danshi zai iya zama tururi da sauri, yana haifar da rabuwa na ciki ko fashewa ("popcorning"). Don hana wannan, ana buƙatar gasa na awanni 24 a 60°C don fitar da danshi kafin siyar da gishiri.

Q4: Ta yaya zan fassara "matsayi" na ƙarfin haske (CAT) akan alamar?

A: Matsayi yana nuna wane rumbun haske da aka riga aka ayyana LED ya faɗo ciki. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LED tare da garantin mafi ƙanƙanta haske don daidaito a cikin samfuran su, kodayake ba a bayar da iyakokin rumbun takamaiman a cikin wannan bayanin kayan aiki na jama'a ba.

10. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi: Ƙirar Alamar Matsayi Mai Launi Biyu don Router na Mabukaci.

Na'urar tana buƙatar LED guda ɗaya don nuna wutar lantarki (shuɗi mai tsayi) da ayyukan sadarwa (ja mai ƙyalli). 19-226 zaɓi ne mai kyau. Ƙirar za ta ƙunshi da'irori masu tuƙi daban-daban guda biyu (misali, filayen GPIO na microcontroller), kowannensu yana da nasa resistor na jerin da aka ƙididdige don halin tuƙi na 20mA. Don samar da 5V: R_blue= (5V - 3.3V) / 0.020A = 85 Ohms (yi amfani da ƙimar daidaitaccen 82Ω ko 100Ω). R_red= (5V - 2.0V) / 0.020A = 150 Ohms (yi amfani da 150Ω). Ƙaramin girman sa yana ba shi damar dacewa kusa da tashar RJ45. Faɗin kusurwar dubawa digiri 120 yana tabbatar da cewa ana iya ganin matsayin daga kusurwoyi daban-daban. Za a aiwatar da tsauraran hanyoyin sarrafa ESD yayin haɗawa saboda mahimmin guntu shuɗi.

11. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Diodes masu fitar da haske (LED) na'urori ne na semiconductor waɗanda ke fitar da haske ta hanyar electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin p-n, electrons daga yankin n-type suna sake haɗuwa da ramuka daga yankin p-type a cikin Layer mai aiki. Wannan tsarin sake haɗawa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsayin tsayi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su. Guntu na R6 yana amfani da tsarin Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide (AlGaInP), wanda yake da inganci don samar da haske ja da amber. Guntu na BH yana amfani da Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN), wanda aka saba amfani dashi don LED shuɗi, kore, da fari. Kunshin epoxy resin mai tsabta yana aiki don kare guntu na semiconductor, samar da tallafi na injiniya don igiyoyin haɗin gwiwa, kuma yana aiki azaman tabarau na farko don siffanta fitar haske.

12. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin

19-226 yana wakiltar samfurin balagagge a cikin kasuwar LED SMD. Trends na masana'antu na yanzu suna mai da hankali kan yankuna masu mahimmanci da yawa bayan ƙayyadaddun wannan na'urar:Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki (lm/W):Sabbin ƙirar guntu da kayan suna ci gaba da tura ingancin haske mafi girma.Matsakaicin Ma'anar Fitar Launi (CRI):Musamman don LED fari da aikace-aikacen haske.Ƙananan Girma:Ko da ƙananan girman kunshi (misali, 01005, micro-LED) don nuni masu yawan gaske.Haɗaɗɗun Direbobi:LED tare da direbobi masu ci gaba na halin yanzu ko da'irar sarrafawa (LED masu hankali).Ingantaccen Aikin Zafi:Kunshin da aka ƙera don fitar da zafi mafi kyau, yana ba da damar manyan halayen tuƙi da tsawon rayuwa.Faɗaɗa Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon:Haɓaka mafi inganci zurfin UV da infrared LED don aikace-aikacen ganowa da kashe ƙwayoyin cuta. Duk da yake 19-226 bazai haɗa sabbin ci gaba a cikin matsakaicin inganci ba, haɗin sa na ingantaccen aiki, fitarwa mai launi biyu, ƙaƙƙarfan kunshi, da cikakken bin ka'idojin muhalli na duniya yana tabbatar da ci gaba da dacewarsa a cikin ɗimbin aikace-aikacen nuna alama da hasken baya na lantarki masu hankali, masu yawan gaske.