Takardar Bayani na LED LTST-E682QETGWT - LED Mai Launuka Biyu (Ja/Kore) - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda ta cika bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na LTST-E682QETGWT, wata na'urar haske ta LED da ake haɗawa ta saman (SMD). Wannan kayan yana haɗa ƙwayoyin LED guda biyu daban-daban a cikin fakit ɗaya: ɗaya yana fitar da hasken ja ta amfani da fasahar AlInGaP, ɗayan kuma yana fitar da hasken kore ta amfani da fasahar InGaN. An tsara shi don tsarin haɗa allon da'ira da aka buga (PCB) ta atomatik, wanda ya sa ya dace da masana'antu masu yawan kayan.

1.1 Siffofi

• Ya bi ka'idojin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari).
• An yi fakit a cikin tef na milimita 8 akan reels masu diamita inci 7 don na'urorin ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik.
• Madaidaicin ƙafar fakit na EIA (Ƙungiyar Masana'antu na Lantarki).
• Aiki mai dacewa da ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki na IC.
• Cikakken dacewa da hanyoyin haɗa ƙarfe ta infrared (IR) reflow.
• An riga an shirya shi zuwa Matakin Hatsarin Danshi na JEDEC (Majalisar Injiniyan Na'urorin Lantarki) 3.

1.2 Aikace-aikacen Da Ake Nufi

Wannan LED mai launuka biyu an yi niyya ne don ɗimbin kayan aikin lantarki inda ake buƙatar ƙaramin girma da ingantaccen nuni. Wuraren aikace-aikace na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Na'urorin sadarwa (misali, na'urorin hanyar sadarwa, modem, tashoshin tushe).
• Kayan aikin sarrafa ofis ta atomatik (misali, na'urorin bugawa, na'urorin dubawa, na'urori masu ayyuka da yawa).
• Kayan amfani na gida da na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani.
• Kwamitocin sarrafa masana'antu da kayan aiki.
• Alamun matsayi da wutar lantarki.
• Hasken baya don allon gaba, alamomi, ko ƙananan alamun kasuwa.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Manufa

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan yanayi ba kuma ya kamata a guje su a cikin ƙirar da'ira.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):75 mW (Ja), 76 mW (Kore). Wannan shine matsakaicin wutar lantarki da LED zai iya watsawa azaman zafi a yanayin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba na Gaba (I_FP):100 mA (Ja), 80 mA (Kore). Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu da aka yarda da shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms). Yana da girma sosai fiye da ƙimar DC na ci gaba.
• Halin Gaba na DC (I_F):30 mA (Ja), 20 mA (Kore). Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba na ci gaba da aka ba da shawarar don ingantaccen aiki na dogon lokaci.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ma'ajiyar Zazzabi:-40°C zuwa +85°C (Aiki), -40°C zuwa +100°C (Ajiya). An ƙididdige na'urar don yanayin zafi na masana'antu.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da Na Gani

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na Ta=25°C da I_F=20mA, sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Suna ayyana aikin na'urar na yau da kullun.

• Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (I_V):Ma'auni na hasken da ake gani. Don ƙwayar Ja, kewayon yau da kullun shine 450-1080 millicandelas (mcd). Don ƙwayar Kore, kewayon shine 780-1875 mcd. Ma'auni yana bin madaidaicin lanƙwasa amsa ido na CIE.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Kimanin digiri 120 (na yau da kullun). Wannan faɗin kusurwar dubawa, wanda aka ayyana shi azaman kusurwar da ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar sa akan-axis, yana da siffar ruwan tabarau mai yaduwa, yana ba da haske mai faɗi, daidai maimakon ƙaramin katako.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsakiya (λ_P):632 nm (Ja, na yau da kullun), 520 nm (Kore, na yau da kullun). Wannan shine tsawon tsawon lokacin da fitowar bakan ya fi girma.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsakiya (λ_d):616-628 nm (Ja), 515-530 nm (Kore). Wannan shine tsawon tsawon lokaci guda wanda ya fi wakiltar launin da ake gani na LED, wanda aka samo daga zanen launi na CIE. Haƙuri shine ±1 nm don Kore.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):20 nm (Ja, na yau da kullun), 30 nm (Kore, na yau da kullun). Wannan yana nuna tsaftar bakan; ƙaramin ƙima yana nufin launi mafi monochromatic.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):1.7-2.5V (Ja), 2.8-3.8V (Kore) a 20mA. Ƙwayar Kore InGaN yawanci tana buƙatar ƙarfin tuƙi mafi girma fiye da ƙwayar Ja AlInGaP. Haƙuri shine ±0.1V.
• Halin Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 µA ga duka launuka a V_R=5V. Ba a tsara LED don aikin karkatar da baya ba; wannan ma'auni da farko don gwajin IR ne.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon binne bisa mahimman ma'auni.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (I_V)

Ana rarraba LED ta hanyar auna haskensu a 20mA.

Ja (AlInGaP):

- R1: 450 - 600 mcd

- R2: 600 - 805 mcd

- R3: 805 - 1080 mcd

Kore (InGaN):

- G1: 780 - 1045 mcd

- G2: 1045 - 1400 mcd

- G3: 1400 - 1875 mcd

Haƙuri a cikin kowane kwandon ƙarfi shine ±11%.

3.2 Rarrabawar Tsawon Tsawon Tsakiya (WD) don Kore

Ana ƙara rarraba LED na Kore ta hanyar tsawon tsawon tsakiya don sarrafa bambancin launi.

- AP: 515 - 520 nm

- AQ: 520 - 525 nm

- AK: 525 - 530 nm

Haƙuri don kowane kwandon tsawon tsawon tsakiya shine ±1 nm.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakit

4.1 Girman Fakit da Sanya Fil

Na'urar tana amfani da madaidaicin ƙafar SMD. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da girman jiki da tsarin kushin. Duk haƙuri na girma shine ±0.2 mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Sanya fil kamar haka ne: Fil 1 da 2 suna don anode/cathode na LED Kore, kuma Fil 3 da 4 suna don anode/cathode na LED Ja. Ya kamata a tabbatar da takamaiman sanya anode/cathode a kowane biyu daga cikin zanen fakit mai cikakken bayani.

4.2 Tsarin Kushin PCB da Aka Ba da Shawara

An ba da ƙirar ƙirar ƙasa don tabbatar da ingantaccen samuwar haɗin gwiwa yayin haɗa ƙarfe ta hanyar reflow. Yin bin wannan tsarin kushin da aka ba da shawarar yana da mahimmanci don samun ingantaccen haɗin injiniya, haɗin lantarki, da watsawar zafi.

5. Jagororin Haɗa Ƙarfe da Haɗawa

5.1 Bayanin Yanayin Haɗa Ƙarfe ta IR Reflow

Kayan yana dacewa da hanyoyin haɗa ƙarfe marasa gubar (Pb-free). An ba da shawarar bayanin reflow wanda ya dace da J-STD-020B, yawanci ya haɗa da:

• Rigakafin Zafi:150-200°C na matsakaicin dakika 120 don dumama allon a hankali da kunna kwarara.
• Matsakaicin Zazzabi:Matsakaicin 260°C. Ya kamata a sarrafa lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (misali, 217°C).
• Lokacin Haɗa Ƙarfe a Kololuwa:Matsakaicin dakika 10. Ya kamata a yi reflow matsakaicin sau biyu.

Lura:Mafi kyawun bayanin ya dogara da takamaiman ƙirar PCB, manna ƙarfe, da tanda. Bayanin da aka bayar jagora ne bisa ka'idojin JEDEC.

5.2 Haɗa Ƙarfe da Hannu (Idan Ya Bukata)

Idan ana buƙatar haɗa ƙarfe da hannu, yi amfani da ƙarfe mai sarrafa zazzabi da aka saita zuwa matsakaicin 300°C. Lokacin tuntuɓar tare da tashar LED bai kamata ya wuce dakika 3 ba, kuma wannan ya kamata a yi sau ɗaya kawai don hana lalacewar zafi ga fakit ɗin filastik da mutuwar semiconductor.

5.3 Tsaftacewa

Kada a yi amfani da masu tsaftacewa na sinadarai waɗanda ba a bayyana su ba ko masu ƙarfi. Idan tsaftacewa bayan haɗa ƙarfe ya zama dole, yi amfani da masu narkewa na barasa kamar ethyl alcohol ko isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Nitsar da LED na ƙasa da minti ɗaya a yanayin daki na yau da kullun. Tabbatar cewa wakilin tsaftacewa ya ƙare gaba ɗaya kafin a yi amfani da wutar lantarki.

6. Gargaɗin Ajiya da Sarrafawa

6.1 Yanayin Ajiya

• Fakit Mai Rufi (Jakar Hana Danshi):Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤70% Danshi na Dangi (RH). Rayuwar shiryayye shekara ɗaya ce daga ranar rufe jakar.
• Fakit da aka Buɗe:Yanayin yanayi bai kamata ya wuce 30°C da 60% RH ba. Ya kamata a haɗa abubuwan da aka fallasa zuwa iska ta yanayi cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7).
• Ajiya Mai Tsayi Ba a cikin Jakar:Don lokutan da suka wuce sa'o'i 168, ajiye a cikin akwati mai rufi tare da desiccant ko a cikin desiccator na nitrogen. Idan an fallasa fiye da wannan iyaka, ana ba da shawarar yin gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 48 kafin haɗawa don cire danshin da aka sha da hana "gaggawar" yayin reflow.

6.2 Gargaɗin Aikace-aikace

Wannan LED an yi niyya ne don kayan aikin lantarki na gabaɗaya. Ba a tsara shi ko cancanta don aikace-aikacen da gazawar zai iya haifar da barazana kai tsaye ga rayuwa, lafiya, ko aminci (misali, jiragen sama, tallafin rayuwa na likita, sarrafa sufuri mai mahimmanci). Don irin waɗannan aikace-aikacen masu dogaro sosai, tuntuɓi masana'anta don takamaiman abubuwan da suka cancanta.

7. Bayanin Fakit da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Daidaicin fakit shine tef mai ƙyalli (faɗin milimita 8) da aka nannade akan reel mai diamita inci 7 (178mm). Mahimman ƙayyadaddun bayanai sun haɗa da:

• Guda 2000 a kowane cikakken reel.
• Matsakaicin adadin oda na ragowar guda 500 ne.
• An rufe ɓangarorin fanko a cikin tef tare da tef mai rufi.
• Fakit yana bin ƙayyadaddun bayanai na ANSI/EIA-481.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

8.1 Ƙuntata Halin Yanzu

Koyaushe a yi aiki da LED tare da resistor mai ƙuntata halin yanzu na jeri ko direba mai ci gaba da halin yanzu. Kada a haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa tushen ƙarfin lantarki. Ƙimar resistor (R) za a iya ƙididdige ta ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Yi amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga takardar bayani don tabbatar da isasshen halin yanzu a ƙarƙashin duk yanayi. Don LED Ja a 20mA tare da wadataccen 5V: R = (5V - 2.5V) / 0.02A = 125Ω. Daidaicin resistor na 120Ω ko 150Ω zai dace.

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Duk da yake LED na SMD suna da inganci, har yanzu suna haifar da zafi. Wuce matsakaicin zazzabin haɗin gwiwa yana rage fitowar haske da tsawon rayuwa. Tabbatar cewa PCB tana da isasshen taimakon zafi, musamman idan ana aiki kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC ko a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma. Guje wa sanya abubuwan da ke haifar da zafi a kusa.

8.3 Gargaɗin ESD (Fitar da Lantarki Mai Tsanani)

LED suna da hankali ga fitar da lantarki mai tsanani. Sarrafa su a cikin yanayin da aka kare ESD ta amfani da igiyoyin wuyan hannu da aka kafa da samukan aiki masu ɗaukar lantarki.

9. Bincike na Madaidaicin Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayani ta haɗa da siffofi na mahimman alaƙa, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙira.

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken da Halin Gaba na Gaba:Yana nuna yadda haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, yawanci a cikin yanayin ƙasa-layin. Yin aiki sama da halin yanzu da aka ba da shawarar yana haifar da raguwar dawowa da ƙara zafi.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da Halin Gaba na Gaba:Yana nuna halayen diode na I-V mai ƙima. Ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu kuma yana raguwa tare da hawan zazzabi (coefficient mara kyau na zazzabi).
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken da Yanayin Yanayi:Yana kwatanta tasirin kashe zafi. Fitowar haske yana raguwa yayin da yanayin yanayi (don haka haɗin gwiwa) ya tashi. Wannan ya fi bayyana a cikin LED na AlInGaP (Ja) fiye da na InGaN (Kore/Shuɗi).
• Rarraba Bakan:Yana nuna matsakaicin wutar lantarki a tsawon tsawon tsakiya, yana nuna kololuwa da rabin faɗi.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q1: Shin zan iya tuƙi LED Ja da Kore a lokaci guda a matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC?

A1: A'a. Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni na kowane ƙwaya ne. Tuƙi duka a 20mA (Ja) da 20mA (Kore) a lokaci guda yana nufin cewa jimillar wutar lantarki a cikin fakit zai zama mai mahimmanci. Dole ne ku yi la'akari da nauyin zafi da aka haɗa kuma ku tabbatar cewa zafin gida bai wuce ƙayyadaddun bayanai ba. Yana da kyau a sauƙaƙe a tuƙi su a ƙananan halin yanzu ko amfani da haɗaɗɗun abubuwa.

Q2: Menene bambanci tsakanin Tsawon Tsawon Tsakiya da Tsawon Tsawon Tsakiya?

A2: Tsawon Tsawon Tsakiya (λ_P) shine tsawon tsawon jiki inda fitowar bakan ya fi girma. Tsawon Tsawon Tsakiya (λ_d) ƙima ce da aka ƙididdige wacce ta dace da launin da ake gani akan ginshiƙi na CIE. Don tushen monochromatic, suna kama da juna. Don LED masu wasu faɗin bakan, λ_dshine mafi dacewa ma'auni don daidaita launi.

Q3: Me ya sa buƙatun danshi na ajiya ya fi tsauri bayan an buɗe jakar?

A3: Jakar Hana Danshi (MBB) da desiccant suna kare abubuwa daga danshin yanayi. Da zarar an buɗe, fakit ɗin LED na filastik zai iya sha danshi. A lokacin babban tsarin reflow na zafi, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya yin tururi da sauri, yana haifar da rabuwar ciki ko fashewa ("gaggawar"), wanda ke haifar da gazawa.

11. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

LED diode ne na semiconductor p-n junction. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi. A cikin diode na silicon na yau da kullun, ana sakin wannan makamashi azaman zafi. A cikin LED da aka yi daga kayan semiconductor kai tsaye bandgap kamar AlInGaP (don Ja/Amber) da InGaN (don Kore/Shuɗi/Fari), wani muhimmin ɓangare na wannan makamashi ana sakin shi azaman photons (haske). Takamaiman tsawon tsawon tsakiya (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su a cikin yankin aiki.